CN112937810A - Double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and unlocking method thereof - Google Patents
Double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and unlocking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112937810A CN112937810A CN202110355639.1A CN202110355639A CN112937810A CN 112937810 A CN112937810 A CN 112937810A CN 202110355639 A CN202110355639 A CN 202110355639A CN 112937810 A CN112937810 A CN 112937810A
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- unlocking
- locking ring
- lower flange
- ring
- flange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, wherein the upper flange is connected with the lower flange through a locking ring of a tooth-meshed structure, the locking ring realizes locking and separation work of the upper flange and the lower flange after rotating by an angle, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively connected with a target object; the inner wall surface of the locking ring is symmetrically provided with two translational unlocking units, and the inner wall surface of the locking ring is also provided with a rotary unlocking unit; the translational unlocking unit and the rotary unlocking unit are mutually independent. Through the mutual cooperation of the translation unlocking mechanism and the rotation unlocking mechanism, the two sets of unlocking units which adopt different principles and independently operate are adopted, each set of unlocking unit has the capability of loosening the locking ring in a rotating mode, and the anti-interference design is carried out, so that the mutual blocking in the operation process is avoided, the working resistance is reduced, and the unlocking reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of unlocking mechanisms, in particular to a double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and an unlocking method thereof.
Background
The ocean world contains abundant resources, and is the most realistic and strategic space with the most development potential for human beings at present. In recent decades, human exploration of the ocean has been in depth. As a key device for ocean operation, the deep-sea manned device can carry scientists and engineering technicians to enter deep sea to effectively carry out operations such as ocean investigation, detection, sampling and the like. The deep sea manned equipment belongs to a large-scale complex system, has various operation forms and higher functional requirements, the locking and releasing function is one of the key requirements of the deep sea manned equipment, and the locking and releasing technology is also an important common technology in the field of the deep sea equipment and has firm, flexible and reliable requirements.
For locking and releasing large and heavy loads, a tooth-meshed snap ring principle is usually adopted for design, the snap ring is generally driven by an oil cylinder, and when the oil cylinder fails, locking and releasing operation is easy to fail, so that the key function is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides a double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and an unlocking method thereof, so that the reliability of a locking and releasing device is effectively improved, and the double-acting unlocking mechanism based on an oil cylinder and a tilt cylinder ensures that each unit can independently complete releasing operation through an anti-interference design between the oil cylinder and the tilt cylinder.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, wherein the upper flange is connected with the lower flange through a locking ring of a tooth-meshed structure, the locking ring realizes locking and separation work of the upper flange and the lower flange after rotating by an angle, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively connected with a target object;
two translational unlocking units are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall surface of the locking ring,
the inner wall surface of the locking ring is also provided with a rotary unlocking unit;
the translational unlocking unit and the rotary unlocking unit are mutually independent.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the outer ring of the locking ring is provided with a flange, the inner rings of the upper flange and the lower flange are provided with concave edges, and the flange is matched with the concave edges.
The translation unlocking unit has the following structure: the unlocking device comprises a connecting block fixed on the inner wall surface of a locking ring, wherein the bottom of the connecting block is hinged with an unlocking oil cylinder, a one-way pull lug is arranged inside a piston rod of the unlocking oil cylinder in a matched mode, and the head of the one-way pull lug is hinged with a lower flange.
The structure of the rotary unlocking unit is as follows: the swing cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the supporting plate, a rotating shaft at the output end of the swing cylinder penetrates through the supporting plate and is provided with an outer gear, and the outer gear is meshed with the inner gear ring.
The connecting sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft at the top of the outer gear and locked with the outer gear through a fastener, the section of the connecting sleeve is of a convex structure, and an elastic retainer ring is further installed on the rotating shaft at the top surface of the connecting sleeve in a matched mode.
The outer wall surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a stop block in a matching way, and the stop block is matched with the inner wall surface of the outer gear.
An unlocking method of a double-acting type unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment comprises the following steps:
in the unlocking process, when the translational unlocking unit fails and cannot act, the rotational unlocking unit is started,
the oscillating cylinder works to drive the rotating shaft to rotate so as to drive the outer gear to rotate, the outer gear is meshed with the inner gear ring so as to drive the inner gear ring to rotate, and the rotation of the inner gear ring enables the locking ring to rotate together so as to enable the locking ring to be separated from the upper flange and the lower flange;
secondly, in the unlocking process, when the rotary unlocking unit breaks down and cannot act, the translational unlocking unit is started,
the unlocking oil cylinder works to drive the piston rod to extend out, and the locking ring is driven to rotate under the action of the one-way pull lug, so that the action of separating the locking ring from the upper flange and the lower flange is completed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, and is characterized in that the translation unlocking mechanism and the rotation unlocking mechanism are mutually matched, two sets of unlocking units which adopt different principles and independently operate are adopted, each set of unlocking unit has the capability of loosening the locking ring, and interference prevention design is carried out, so that mutual retardation in the operation process is avoided, the working resistance is reduced, and the unlocking reliability is improved.
The invention also has the following advantages:
(1) according to the unlocking device, two sets of unlocking units which adopt different principles and action modes and run independently are arranged, and each set of unlocking unit has the capacity of loosening the locking ring, so that the unlocking reliability is improved;
(2) the two types of unlocking units are respectively provided with a one-way action component, so that the two sets of unlocking units can be ensured to independently operate, mutual interference in the operation process is avoided, and the working resistance is reduced.
(3) The invention is mainly used in a locking and releasing functional module in deep sea equipment, and can be applied to a connecting part of underwater equipment with higher reliability requirement after certain expansion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the translational unlocking unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the rotary unlocking unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the rotary unlocking unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the thrust of the translational unlocking unit of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the torque of the rotary unlocking unit of the present invention.
Wherein: 101. an upper flange; 102. locking a ring; 103. a lower flange; 104. a rotation unlocking unit; 105. an inner gear ring; 106. connecting blocks; 107. a translational unlocking unit;
201. a rotating shaft; 202. a circlip; 203. connecting sleeves; 204. an outer gear; 205. a stopper; 206. oscillating a cylinder;
301. a piston rod; 302. pulling the lug in a one-way; 303. and unlocking the oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment of the present embodiment includes an upper flange 101 and a lower flange 103, the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 are connected by a locking ring 102 with a tooth-engaging structure, the locking ring 102 realizes locking and releasing operations of the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 after rotating by an angle, and the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 are respectively connected with a target object;
two translational unlocking units 107 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall surface of the locking ring 102,
a rotary unlocking unit 104 is also arranged on the inner wall surface of the locking ring 102;
the translational unlocking unit 107 and the rotational unlocking unit 104 are independent of each other.
The outer ring of the locking ring 102 is provided with a flange and the inner rings of the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 are provided with a recessed rim, the flange and the recessed rim cooperating with each other.
The structure of the translational unlocking unit 107 is as follows: the locking device comprises a connecting block 106 fixed on the inner wall surface of a locking ring 102, an unlocking oil cylinder 303 is hinged to the bottom of the connecting block 106, a one-way pull lug 302 is installed inside a piston rod 301 of the unlocking oil cylinder 303 in a matched mode, and the head of the one-way pull lug 302 is hinged to a lower flange 103.
The structure of the rotation unlocking unit 104 is: the locking ring comprises an arc-shaped inner gear ring 105 arranged on the inner wall surface of a locking ring 102, a support plate is arranged on a lower flange 103, a tilt cylinder 206 is fixed at the bottom of the support plate, a rotating shaft 201 at the output end of the tilt cylinder 206 penetrates through the support plate and is provided with an outer gear 204, and the outer gear 204 is meshed with the inner gear ring 105.
The rotating shaft 201 on the top of the outer gear 204 is sleeved with a connecting sleeve 203, the connecting sleeve 203 is locked with the outer gear 204 through a fastener, the section of the connecting sleeve 203 is in a convex structure, and the rotating shaft 201 on the top surface of the connecting sleeve 203 is also provided with an elastic retainer ring 202 in a matching manner.
A stopper 205 is fitted to an outer wall surface of the rotation shaft 201, and the stopper 205 is fitted to an inner wall surface of the external gear 204.
The unlocking method of the double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment comprises the following steps:
firstly, in the unlocking process, when the translational unlocking unit 107 is in failure and cannot act, the rotational unlocking unit 104 is started,
the oscillating cylinder 206 works to drive the rotating shaft 201 to rotate, so that the outer gear 204 is driven to rotate, the outer gear 204 is meshed with the inner gear ring 105, so that the inner gear ring 105 rotates, and the rotation of the inner gear ring 105 enables the locking ring 102 to rotate together, so that the locking ring 102 is separated from the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103;
secondly, in the unlocking process, when the rotary unlocking unit 104 fails and cannot act, the translational unlocking unit 107 is started,
the unlocking oil cylinder 303 works to drive the piston rod 301 to extend out, and the locking ring 102 is driven to rotate under the action of the one-way pull lug 302, so that the action of separating the locking ring 102 from the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 is completed.
The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides an unlocking mechanism with translation, rotation unlocking and interference prevention functions, which mainly comprises an upper flange 101, a lower flange 103, a locking ring 102, a translation unlocking unit 107 and a rotation unlocking unit 104.
The upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 are connected to the target object, respectively.
The locking ring 102 is of a tooth-meshing structure, and is rotated by a certain angle to realize locking or releasing of the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103.
The translational unlocking unit 107 and the rotary unlocking unit 104 form an unlocking mechanism, and the main function is to enable the locking ring 102 to rotate, the flange of the locking ring 102 just enters the concave edge of the flange, and the constraint relation between the locking ring 102 and the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 is released.
The translational unlocking unit 107 mainly comprises an unlocking oil cylinder 303, a connecting block 106 and a one-way pull lug 302.
The unlocking oil cylinders 303 are arranged in two and are symmetrically arranged along the locking ring 102;
one end of the unlocking oil cylinder 303 is hinged with the locking ring 102 through a connecting block 106, and the other end is hinged with the lower flange 103.
When the underwater emergency release is carried out, the piston rod 301 of the unlocking oil cylinder moves to drive the locking ring 102 to rotate, and after the locking ring 102 rotates for a certain angle, the locking ring 102 is separated from the flange.
The rotary unlocking unit 104 mainly comprises a tilt cylinder 206, an inner gear ring 105, an outer gear 204, a connecting sleeve 203 and a stop block 205, wherein the tilt cylinder 206 is fixed on the lower flange 103, the outer gear 204 is installed at the end part, and the inner gear ring 105 is fixed on the locking ring 102. When the underwater emergency release is carried out, the tilt cylinder 206 drives the outer gear 204 to rotate, and the locking ring 102 rotates through the meshing of the inner and outer gears and is separated from the flange.
In order to ensure the independent operation of the two sets of unlocking mechanisms and avoid the mutual interference phenomenon in the operation process, a unidirectional action component is arranged in each set of mechanism. The two-way unlocking unit consists of a one-way pull lug 302 and a piston rod 301 in the translational unlocking unit 107, and a connecting sleeve 203 and a stop block 205 of the rotational unlocking unit 104.
The basic principle is as follows:
during unlocking, when the translational unlocking unit 107 fails and cannot act, the rotary unlocking unit 104 can be started, and the stop block 205 arranged on the swing rotating shaft 201 interacts with the outer gear 204 to drive the inner gear ring 105 and the locking ring 102 to rotate; at this time, since the locking ring 102 is connected to the one-way pull lug 302 of the translational unlocking unit 107 through the connection block 106, the locking ring 102 drives the one-way pull lug 302 to extend outward; however, since the one-way pull lug 302 and the piston rod 301 are only assembled by sleeving the inner walls, there is no axial constraint, and therefore, the translational unlocking unit 107 does not add rotational resistance to the locking ring 102.
In the unlocking process, when the rotary unlocking unit 104 fails and cannot act, the translational unlocking unit 107 can be started, and the locking ring 102 is driven to rotate through the extending motion of the piston rod 301 to complete the separation action; at this time, since the inner ring gear 105 is engaged with the outer gear 204, the outer gear 204 is forced to rotate, but since the outer gear of the member 204 rotates counterclockwise, the stopper 205 is not in contact with the outer gear 204, that is, the rotation unlocking unit 104 does not add rotational resistance to the locking ring 102.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention is used as an unlocking functional module of deep sea equipment, and when the device is specifically applied, the friction force, the translational unlocking thrust and the rotational unlocking torque of a locking ring need to be calculated according to an actual action object.
Friction force of locking ring
When the locking ring is to be unlocked, the contact surfaces of the locking ring 102 and the upper flange 101 and the lower flange 103 are mainly subjected to the action of the rebound force F and the installation pretightening force K multiplied by F, so that the normal load between the locking ring and the contact surfaces of the upper and lower butting flanges is (1+ K) F. The unlocking force T required to push the locking ring to rotate must effectively overcome the friction force f generated by the normal load between the upper and lower flange contact surfaces.
The contact surface friction force f can be calculated by the following formula:
f＝F(μ1+μ2-tanβ)(1+K)
wherein:
f is the resilience force of the elastic rubber sheet,
μ1the coefficient of friction of the locking ring with the upper flange,
μ2the coefficient of friction between the locking ring and the lower flange,
beta is a lower wedge angle and is a lower wedge angle,
k is the pretension coefficient.
(two) translational motion unlocking thrust
The connection point of the translational unlocking unit 107 and the lower flange 103 is set as A, and the connection point of the translational unlocking unit 107 and the locking ring 102 under the normal working condition is set as B.
The distance between the point A and the point B is a, and the corresponding central angle is alpha.
And the distance R1 between the points A and B and the center line of the docking fence.
When unlocking, the thrust of the top of a single oil cylinder is T, and if the locking ring is rotated, the thrust moment of the tops of the two oil cylinders is required
Greater than or equal to the unlocking torque, then:
2T·cos(α/2)·R1≥f·R2·n
in the formula:
r2 is the average distance between the contact surface of the locking ring flange and the central line of the upper flange and the lower flange,
n is the coefficient when unlocking.
(III) rotational unlocking torque
The tilt cylinder 206 is engaged with the locking ring 102 via an internal gear, a pinion gear (external gear 204) is mounted on the rotation shaft 201 of the tilt cylinder 206 coaxially with the tilt cylinder 206, and a bull gear (internal gear 105) is mounted on the locking ring 102 coaxially with the locking ring 102.
Pinion module m1, tooth number Z10, reference circle diameter d 1;
the module m2 of the bull gear, the number of teeth Z2 and the reference circle diameter d 2.
During the unblock, the tilt cylinder 206 is rotatory to drive the locking ring and rotates the unblock, if make the locking ring rotate, the tilt cylinder torque must be more than or equal to unblock moment, then has:
M≥f·R2·n·d1/d2
in the formula: m is a swing cylinder torque;
r2 is the average distance between the locking ring flange contact surface and the center line of the butt-joint fence;
n is the coefficient when unlocking.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a two effect type release mechanism suitable for equip under water which characterized in that: the locking device comprises an upper flange (101) and a lower flange (103), wherein the upper flange (101) is connected with the lower flange (103) through a locking ring (102) with a tooth-meshed structure, the locking ring (102) realizes locking and releasing work of the upper flange (101) and the lower flange (103) after rotating by an angle, and the upper flange (101) and the lower flange (103) are respectively connected with a target object;
two translational unlocking units (107) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall surface of the locking ring (102),
a rotary unlocking unit (104) is further mounted on the inner wall surface of the locking ring (102);
the translational unlocking unit (107) and the rotary unlocking unit (104) are independent from each other.
2. A double action type unlocking mechanism for underwater equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the outer ring of the locking ring (102) is provided with a flange, the inner rings of the upper flange (101) and the lower flange (103) are provided with a concave edge, and the flange is matched with the concave edge.
3. A double action type unlocking mechanism for underwater equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the translation unlocking unit (107) is structurally characterized in that: the locking device comprises a connecting block (106) fixed on the inner wall surface of a locking ring (102), wherein the bottom of the connecting block (106) is hinged with an unlocking oil cylinder (303), a unidirectional pull lug (302) is arranged inside a piston rod (301) of the unlocking oil cylinder (303) in a matched mode, and the head of the unidirectional pull lug (302) is hinged with a lower flange (103).
4. A double action type unlocking mechanism for underwater equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the rotary unlocking unit (104) is as follows: the locking ring comprises an arc-shaped inner gear ring (105) arranged on the inner wall surface of a locking ring (102), a support plate is arranged on a lower flange (103), a tilt cylinder (206) is fixed at the bottom of the support plate, a rotating shaft (201) at the output end of the tilt cylinder (206) penetrates through the support plate and is provided with an outer gear (204), and the outer gear (204) is meshed with the inner gear ring (105).
5. A double action type unlocking mechanism for underwater equipment according to claim 4, wherein: the rotating shaft (201) at the top of the outer gear (204) is sleeved with a connecting sleeve (203), the connecting sleeve (203) is locked with the outer gear (204) through a fastener, the section of the connecting sleeve (203) is of a convex structure, and the rotating shaft (201) at the top surface of the connecting sleeve (203) is further provided with an elastic retainer ring (202) in a matched mode.
6. A double action type unlocking mechanism for underwater equipment according to claim 4, wherein: a stopper (205) is fitted to the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft (201), and the stopper (205) is fitted to the inner wall surface of the outer gear (204).
7. An unlocking method using the unlocking mechanism of a double action type suitable for underwater equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, in the unlocking process, when the translational unlocking unit (107) is in failure and can not act, the rotational unlocking unit (104) is started,
the swing cylinder (206) works to drive the rotating shaft (201) to rotate so as to drive the external gear (204) to rotate, the external gear (204) is meshed with the inner gear ring (105), so that the inner gear ring (105) rotates, and the rotation of the inner gear ring (105) enables the locking ring (102) to rotate together so that the locking ring (102) is separated from the upper flange (101) and the lower flange (103);
secondly, in the unlocking process, when the rotary unlocking unit (104) fails and cannot act, the translational unlocking unit (107) is started,
the unlocking oil cylinder (303) works to drive the piston rod (301) to extend out, and the locking ring (102) is driven to rotate under the action of the one-way pull lug (302), so that the action of separating the locking ring (102) from the upper flange (101) and the lower flange (103) is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110355639.1A CN112937810B (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and unlocking method thereof |
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| CN202110355639.1A CN112937810B (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Double-acting unlocking mechanism suitable for underwater equipment and unlocking method thereof |
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| CN112937810A true CN112937810A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
| CN112937810B CN112937810B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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