CN112937366B - Battery charging method and device and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery charging method and device and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112937366B CN112937366B CN201911261718.5A CN201911261718A CN112937366B CN 112937366 B CN112937366 B CN 112937366B CN 201911261718 A CN201911261718 A CN 201911261718A CN 112937366 B CN112937366 B CN 112937366B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a battery charging method and apparatus, and a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to an ith current value, and the preset ith time is obtained through constant voltage charging, and when the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an nth voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to an nth current value, and the constant voltage charging is carried out, so that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches a cut-off voltage. The N-th voltage interval comprises a cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the latter voltage interval is larger than that of the former voltage interval, and the charging current of the latter voltage interval is smaller than that of the former voltage interval, wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1. Through guarantee charging time, not only increased the electric quantity that the battery was filled, provide more abundant time for the update of SOC again, make the SOC more match with the actual electric quantity of battery.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of battery charging control, and in particular relates to a battery charging method and device and a vehicle.
Background
With the increasing demand of people for energy conservation and environmental protection, pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles are gradually favored by users. In an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, a power battery may provide driving force to the vehicle. The power battery is charged in two modes, namely fast charging and slow charging.
Existing fast charge strategies may include a variety. In one case, the fixed current value is directly used for charging to the cut-off voltage, in this case, the electric quantity charged by the tail end is small, the polarization of the battery is serious, and if the SOC value is low at this time, no sufficient time correction is performed, and jump easily occurs or the situation that the SOC is not charged to 100% occurs; in the other case, constant voltage charging is performed at the end, and this method generally performs constant voltage down-flow when the off-voltage is reached, and in this case, the constant voltage is generally long, resulting in an excessively long charging time.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a reliable and practical battery charging method and device, and a vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery charging method, the method comprising:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to an ith current value, and charging at constant voltage for a preset ith time period;
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i+1) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (i+1) th current value, and charging for a preset (i+1) th time period under constant voltage until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (N) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (N) th current value and charging under constant voltage, so that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage, wherein the (N) th voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the latter voltage interval is greater than the voltage of the former voltage interval, and the charging current of the latter voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval, wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
Optionally, if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined ith time period, including:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value;
if the power battery voltage difference is reduced to reach a preset ratio when the preset detection duration is charged by the ith current value, the charging is continued to reach the ith duration by the ith current value.
Optionally, if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined ith time period, and the method further includes:
and if the power battery voltage difference is reduced by a preset ratio when the i-th current value is charged for a preset detection duration, reducing the charging current value so that the reduced charging current value charges the detection duration, and the power battery voltage difference is reduced by the preset ratio.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
updating the ith current value with the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval;
and storing the updated ith current value.
Optionally, if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined ith time period, including:
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the pressure difference of the single battery in the power battery is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to be an ith current value, and charging for a preset ith time period at constant voltage.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery;
and determining an ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
Optionally, if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined ith time period, including:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the ith current value for constant voltage charging;
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time period, the charging current value is adjusted so as to enable the voltage of the single battery in the power battery to be maintained in the ith voltage interval until the charging time period in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time period.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of the single battery in the power battery;
if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to the target SOC;
and if the current SOC of the power battery is greater than the target SOC, maintaining the current SOC of the power battery.
The present disclosure also provides a battery charging apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to an ith current value and constant-voltage charging for a preset ith time period when the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval during charging of the power battery;
and the second adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to an i+1th current value and constant-voltage charging for a preset i+1th time period if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an i+1th voltage interval, and adjusting the charging current to an N current value and constant-voltage charging until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an N voltage interval so as to enable the voltage of the single battery of the power battery to reach a cut-off voltage, wherein the N voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of a later voltage interval is larger than the voltage of a former voltage interval, and the charging current of the later voltage interval is smaller than the charging current of the former voltage interval, wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
The present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a power battery and a controller for performing the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage of the charging terminal is divided into N sections, the N sections are subjected to down-flow charging according to the charging current corresponding to each section, and the charging time of each section is longer. Therefore, on one hand, the charging time is ensured, the charged electric quantity of the battery is increased, the situation that the charged electric quantity of the battery is less due to too fast charging is avoided, and on the other hand, the charging time is controlled integrally, so that more sufficient time is provided for updating the SOC of the battery, and the SOC of the battery is more matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery.
Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided by an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided by another exemplary embodiment;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery charging apparatus provided by an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device, as shown in an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.
Some fast charge strategies are gradient down-flow at the end, such as at 20A/s, which gradient value is uncertain as to rationality, for example, may not work when charging at low temperatures. The inventor thinks that the terminal voltage can be divided into a plurality of sections according to the magnitude of the voltage, corresponding current (reduced current) and constant voltage charge are adopted in each section, and the charging current of each section can be determined through experiments in advance, so that the voltage difference of the battery during charging is reduced to be small enough, the charging time is controlled integrally, and enough correction time is provided for the excessively low SOC, so that the SOC is more matched with the actual electric quantity.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
step S11, when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value, and the constant voltage charging is carried out for a preset ith time period.
And step S12, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i+1) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (i+1) th current value, and carrying out constant voltage charging for a preset (i+1) th time period until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (N) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (N) th current value and carrying out constant voltage charging so as to ensure that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches the cut-off voltage, wherein the (N) th voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the latter voltage interval is greater than the voltage of the former voltage interval, and the charging current of the latter voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval, wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1, and N is at least greater than or equal to 2.
The method disclosed by the invention is applied to the charging terminal, and the voltage of the single battery at the charging terminal can be divided into a 1 st voltage interval to an N-th voltage interval. The voltage gradually increases from the 1 st voltage interval to the nth voltage interval. For example, the voltage in the 1 st voltage interval may be a voltage greater than 90% soc, e.g., 4.1V to 4.12V. The voltages of adjacent two voltage intervals may be consecutive. When n=3, the 1 st voltage interval to the 3 rd voltage interval may be 4.1V to 4.12V, 4.12V to 4.14V, 4.14V to 4.15V, and 4.15V are cut-off voltages, respectively.
When the charging reaches the 1 st voltage interval, the charging voltage can be maintained and the charging current can be reduced, i.e., constant voltage down-current. The charging current in the latter voltage interval is smaller than the charging current in the former voltage interval, i.e. as the voltage increases, the charging current can be further reduced each time a voltage interval is reached.
The voltage and the charging current corresponding to each voltage interval can be stored in advance, and when the voltage of the single battery is detected to reach a certain voltage interval, the corresponding charging current can be found out in a table look-up mode. In order to prevent overcharge, the voltage of the unit cell may be the voltage of the highest voltage unit cell among the detected plurality of unit cells.
When the voltage of the unit cell reaches a voltage interval for a predetermined time period (e.g., 10 s), it can be considered that the unit cell has reached the voltage interval.
At the end of charging, generally, the charge is faster, which easily results in a less charged power condition, and the charging power is ensured to be sufficient by ensuring sufficient charging time for each interval. The ith current value and the ith time period may be empirically or experimentally obtained and stored in advance. The i-th period refers to a period of time that the charge needs to reach in the i-th voltage section. If the voltage of the unit cell has reached the upper limit of the ith voltage interval when the ith period is short, the unit cell can be maintained within the ith voltage interval while being charged by, for example, down-regulation.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage of the charging terminal is divided into N sections, the N sections are subjected to down-flow charging according to the charging current corresponding to each section, and the charging time of each section is longer. Like this, on the one hand, through the guarantee charge time, increased the electric quantity that the battery was filled, avoid taking place to charge too soon and lead to the less condition of battery charge electric quantity, on the other hand, through the whole to the control of charge time, provide more sufficient time for the renewal of battery SOC, reduce the polarization of battery, make battery SOC and the actual electric quantity of battery more match.
In order to make the comparison of the magnitude determination of the i-th current value appropriate, it can be measured by the differential pressure of the power cell. In another embodiment, on the basis of fig. 1, if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and constant voltage charging for a predetermined ith period of time (step S11) may include:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, the charging current is adjusted to the ith current value; if the power battery voltage difference is reduced to a predetermined ratio when the predetermined detection duration is charged with the ith current value, the charging is continued with the ith current value for the ith duration.
Wherein, the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches a predetermined ratio, that is, the ratio of the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery to the original differential pressure (the differential pressure of the battery when the charging is started at the ith current value) reaches a predetermined threshold. The predetermined ratio may be, for example, 50%. The predetermined ratio, the predetermined detection duration, may be experimentally or empirically derived.
If the voltage difference of the power battery is reduced by a predetermined ratio when the power battery is charged for a predetermined detection period (for example, 10 ms) at the ith current value, it is considered that the voltage difference can be reduced by the current falling to the ith current value, and the level of the ith current value is relatively appropriate, and the charging at the ith current value can be continued.
In this embodiment, whether the magnitude of the i-th current value is appropriate is measured according to the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaching the predetermined ratio, and charging with the i-th current value is continued if it is determined that the magnitude is appropriate, so that the differential pressure can be reduced to a certain extent while charging, which is beneficial to charging and protecting the battery, and the battery life is prolonged.
On the basis of the above embodiment, if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and constant voltage charging for a predetermined ith period of time may further include:
if the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery does not reach the preset ratio when the preset detection duration is charged by the ith current value, the charging current value is reduced, so that the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches the preset ratio when the detection duration is charged by the reduced charging current value.
That is, according to the above-described determination condition, when the predetermined detection period is charged at the i-th current value, the decrease in the differential pressure of the power battery does not reach the predetermined ratio, it is considered that the charging at the i-th current value does not effectively decrease the differential pressure of the battery, and at this time, some adjustments may be made to further decrease the charging current so that the aforementioned effect of effectively decreasing the differential pressure of the battery is achieved.
Specifically, the charging current may be gradually decreased in a predetermined step, and when the decrease in the power cell differential pressure is still not allowed to reach the predetermined ratio after a predetermined detection period of time, the charging current may be decreased again until the decrease in the power cell differential pressure reaches the predetermined ratio.
The decrease in the voltage difference may be a decrease in the voltage difference of the battery with respect to the voltage difference of the battery just started to be charged at the ith current value after the decrease in the charging current. For example, the differential pressure of the battery at the time of the initial charge at the ith current value is Δv, and if the differential pressure reaches Δv/2, it can be considered that the reduction of the differential pressure reaches a predetermined ratio.
In the embodiment, the voltage difference can be reduced to a certain extent by further reducing the charging current, which is beneficial to charging and protecting the battery and prolonging the service life of the battery.
As mentioned above, the i-th current value may be stored in advance, and may be determined by looking up a table, or may be updated continuously. In yet another embodiment, the method may further comprise: updating the ith current value with the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval; and storing the updated ith current value.
In the above embodiment, if the i-th current value cannot satisfy the condition that the decrease in the power battery voltage difference reaches the predetermined ratio when the charge reaches the detection period, the charging current is decreased, and if the decreased charging current is satisfied, the decreased charging current may be considered to be more suitable as the charging current value corresponding to the voltage section, so that the stored i-th current value corresponding to the i-th voltage section may be replaced with the decreased charging current value, and when the next charge reaches the i-th voltage section, the replaced charging current may be directly used as the i-th current value to charge. Like this, can adjust prestored charge current in real time for charge current accords with predetermined demand more, and it is more nimble to use.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the down flow of the charging terminal may be used to reduce the pressure difference, and if the pressure difference is not too large, the charging method in the scheme may not be adopted. In still another embodiment, if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and constant voltage charging for a predetermined ith period of time (step S11) may include: and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the pressure difference of the single battery in the power battery is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value, and carrying out constant-voltage charging for preset ith time.
When the differential pressure is greater than a predetermined differential pressure threshold, it may be considered that a down-flow charge is required to reduce the differential pressure, and when the differential pressure is less than the predetermined differential pressure threshold, it may be considered that a down-flow charge is not required to reduce the differential pressure. The predetermined differential pressure threshold may be obtained experimentally or empirically and may be, for example, 20mV.
In this embodiment, the condition that the differential pressure is greater than the predetermined differential pressure threshold is added, so that the current reduction at the charging end is carried out again when the differential pressure needs to be reduced, and the beneficial effect of charging control is enhanced.
The i-th current value stored in advance may further include a plurality of current values corresponding to a plurality of battery temperatures. In yet another embodiment, the method may further comprise, based on fig. 1:
when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery; the ith current value is determined based on the temperature of the power cell.
In the memory, different i-th current values corresponding to the respective different temperatures may be stored. As shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
In the example of table 1, n=3, the 1 st to 3 rd voltage intervals are 4.1V to 4.12V, 4.12V to 4.14V, 4.14V to 4.15V, and 4.15V are cut-off voltages, respectively. The 1 st current value, the 2 nd current value, and the 3 rd current value are I1, I2, and I3, respectively, when the battery temperature is T1, I1 ', I2', and I3 ', respectively, when the battery temperature is T2, I1', I2 ', and I3', respectively, when the battery temperature is T3.
When the battery is charged, the temperature gradually rises, and it is possible to apply different i-th current values corresponding to different temperatures at different voltage intervals over the entire end of the battery charge. The data in table 1 can be obtained in advance according to experiments or experience, so that the charging requirement is more met when the battery is charged according to the data in the table, and thus, the charging current is related to the battery temperature, and the beneficial effect of charging control is further enhanced.
In still another embodiment, on the basis of fig. 1, if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches the ith voltage interval, the step of adjusting the charging current to the ith current value and constant voltage charging for a predetermined ith period of time (step S11) may include:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the ith current value for constant voltage charging; if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time period, the charging current value is adjusted so as to enable the voltage of the single battery in the power battery to be maintained in the ith voltage interval until the charging time period in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time period.
The charging current value can be adjusted according to real-time feedback of the voltage of the single battery, so that the voltage of the single battery is maintained in an ith voltage interval, and the charging reaches an ith time. For example, when the voltage in the ith voltage section is 4.1V to 4.12V, the ith period is 5 minutes. If 4.12V has been reached when charging from 4.1V to 3 minutes at the ith current value, control decreases the charging current so that the voltage of the battery cell decreases or no longer increases while charging. When the voltage of the battery cell is reduced to 4.11V, the control increases the charging current so that the voltage of the battery cell increases while charging. If the charging duration in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith duration for 5 minutes, the control of the charging current to follow the voltage change is stopped, for example, the charging of the ith current value can be returned again, the monomer voltage reaches 4.12V soon at the moment, and the charging control of the next voltage interval is continued.
In this embodiment, the voltage of the single battery can be maintained not to exceed the charging interval where the single battery is located by the feedback mode, so that each charging interval is controlled to have enough charging time. Through guarantee charge time, increased the electric quantity that the battery was filled, avoided taking place to charge too soon and lead to the less condition of battery charge electric quantity.
Since the charging time is guaranteed, the time is guaranteed for updating the battery SOC. In yet another embodiment, the method further comprises:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of the single battery in the power battery; if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC; if the current SOC of the power battery is greater than the target SOC, the current SOC of the power battery is maintained.
The current SOC of the battery can be corrected while charging, and if the current SOC is lower, the target SOC can be determined according to a certain speed ratio and corrected to be the target SOC; the current SOC is higher, so that the current SOC can be kept unchanged, the actual SOC is waited for to catch up, and the higher SOC does not need to be pulled down again. Therefore, the number of control SOC jump is reduced, the complexity is reduced, the program is simplified, and the method is in line with the common cognition of people, because the charging is impossible to be carried out more and less.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided by another exemplary embodiment. In the embodiment of fig. 2, the technical features of the above-described embodiments are combined. Wherein n=3, the 1 st voltage interval to the 3 rd voltage interval are respectively 4.1V-4.12V, 4.12V-4.14V, 4.14V-4.15V, and 4.15V are cut-off voltages, and the 1 st current value and the 2 nd current value are both 5min.
The present disclosure also provides a battery charging apparatus. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery charging apparatus provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the battery charging apparatus 10 may include a first adjustment module 11 and a second adjustment module 12.
The first adjusting module 11 is configured to adjust the charging current to an ith current value and perform constant voltage charging for a predetermined ith period of time when the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches the ith voltage interval during charging of the power cell.
The second adjusting module 12 is configured to adjust the charging current to an i+1th voltage interval if the voltage of the unit cell in the power battery reaches the i+1th voltage interval, and perform constant voltage charging for a predetermined i+1th time period until the voltage of the unit cell in the power battery reaches an nth voltage interval, and adjust the charging current to the nth current value and perform constant voltage charging to enable the voltage of the unit cell of the power battery to reach a cut-off voltage, where the nth voltage interval includes the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the latter voltage interval is greater than the voltage of the former voltage interval, and the charging current of the latter voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval. Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1.
Alternatively, the first adjustment module 11 may include a first adjustment sub-module and a second adjustment sub-module.
The first adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current to an ith current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval.
The second regulation submodule is used for continuing to charge for the ith time period with the ith current value if the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches a preset ratio when the preset detection time period is charged with the ith current value.
Optionally, the first adjustment module 11 may further comprise a third adjustment sub-module.
The third adjustment submodule is used for reducing the charging current value if the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery does not reach the preset ratio when the preset detection duration is charged with the ith current value, so that the reduction of the differential pressure of the power battery reaches the preset ratio when the detection duration is charged with the reduced charging current value.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include an update module and a storage module.
The updating module is used for updating the ith current value by using the charging current value which is reduced in the ith voltage interval;
the storage module is used for storing the updated ith current value.
Alternatively, the first adjustment module 11 may comprise a fourth adjustment sub-module.
And the fourth regulation submodule is used for regulating the charging current to an ith current value and charging for a preset ith time period at constant voltage if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval and the pressure difference of the single battery in the power battery is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include an acquisition module and a first determination module.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of the power battery when the power battery is charged and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval.
The first determining module is used for determining an ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
Alternatively, the first adjustment module 11 may include a fifth adjustment sub-module and a sixth adjustment sub-module.
And the fifth adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the charging current to the ith current value to perform constant-voltage charging if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval.
And the sixth regulation submodule is used for regulating the charging current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time length, so that the voltage of the single battery in the power battery is maintained in the ith voltage interval until the charging time length in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include a second determination module, a first correction module, and a second correction module.
The second determining module is used for determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of the single battery in the power battery.
The first correction module is used for correcting the current SOC of the power battery to be the target SOC if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC.
The second correction module is used for maintaining the current SOC of the power battery if the current SOC of the power battery is larger than the target SOC.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in the apparatus of the above embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
Through the technical scheme, the voltage of the charging terminal is divided into N sections, the N sections are subjected to down-flow charging according to the charging current corresponding to each section, and the charging time of each section is longer. Therefore, on one hand, the charging time is ensured, the charged electric quantity of the battery is increased, the situation that the charged electric quantity of the battery is less due to too fast charging is avoided, and on the other hand, the charging time is controlled integrally, so that more sufficient time is provided for updating the SOC of the battery, and the SOC of the battery is more matched with the actual electric quantity of the battery.
The disclosure also provides an electronic device. The electronic device may include a memory and a processor. The memory has a computer program stored thereon. The processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device 400, shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 400 may include: a processor 401, a memory 402. The electronic device 400 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 403, an input/output (I/O) interface 404, and a communication component 405.
Wherein the processor 401 is configured to control the overall operation of the electronic device 400 to perform all or part of the steps of the battery charging method described above. The memory 402 is used to store various types of data to support operation at the electronic device 400, which may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 400, as well as application-related data, such as contact data, transceived messages, pictures, audio, video, and the like. The Memory 402 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile Memory devices, such as static random access Memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM for short), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM for short), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM for short), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM for short), read-Only Memory (ROM for short), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The multimedia component 403 may include a screen and an audio component. Wherein the screen may be, for example, a touch screen, the audio component being for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may be further stored in the memory 402 or transmitted through the communication component 405. The audio assembly further comprises at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I/O interface 404 provides an interface between the processor 401 and other interface modules, which may be a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 405 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 400 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC for short), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IOT, eMTC, or other 5G, etc., or one or a combination of more of them, is not limited herein. The corresponding communication component 405 may thus comprise: wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module, etc.
In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 400 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASIC), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as DSP), digital signal processing devices (Digital Signal Processing Device, abbreviated as DSPD), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, abbreviated as PLD), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components for performing the battery charging method described above.
In another exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the battery charging method described above. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be the memory 402 including program instructions described above, which are executable by the processor 401 of the electronic device 400 to perform the battery charging method described above.
The present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a power battery and a controller for performing the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations are not described further in this disclosure in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A method of charging a battery, the method comprising:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to an ith current value, and charging at constant voltage for a preset ith time length, wherein the ith time length is the time length which is required to be reached in the ith voltage interval;
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (i+1) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (i+1) th current value, and carrying out constant voltage charging for a preset (i+1) th time period until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the (N) th voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the (N) th current value and carrying out constant voltage charging so as to enable the voltage of the single battery of the power battery to reach the cut-off voltage, wherein the (N) th voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of the latter voltage interval is greater than the voltage of the former voltage interval, and the charging current of the latter voltage interval is less than the charging current of the former voltage interval, wherein i is an integer from 1 to N-1;
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to be an ith current value, and charging at constant voltage for a preset ith time length, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, regulating the charging current to the ith current value for constant voltage charging;
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time period, the charging current value is adjusted so as to enable the voltage of the single battery in the power battery to be maintained in the ith voltage interval until the charging time period in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time period.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches an i-th voltage section, adjusting the charging current to an i-th current value, and constant-voltage charging for a predetermined i-th period of time, comprises:
if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval, adjusting the charging current to the ith current value;
if the power battery voltage difference is reduced to reach a preset ratio when the preset detection duration is charged by the ith current value, the charging is continued to reach the ith duration by the ith current value.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches an i-th voltage section, the charging current is adjusted to an i-th current value, and constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined i-th period of time, further comprising:
and if the power battery voltage difference is reduced by a preset ratio when the i-th current value is charged for a preset detection duration, reducing the charging current value so that the reduced charging current value charges the detection duration, and the power battery voltage difference is reduced by the preset ratio.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
updating the ith current value with the reduced charging current value in the ith voltage interval;
and storing the updated ith current value.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the unit cell in the power cell reaches an i-th voltage section, adjusting the charging current to an i-th current value, and constant-voltage charging for a predetermined i-th period of time, comprises:
and if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches the ith voltage interval and the pressure difference of the single battery in the power battery is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, adjusting the charging current to be an ith current value, and charging for a preset ith time period at constant voltage.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
when a power battery is charged, if the voltage of a single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, acquiring the temperature of the power battery;
and determining an ith current value according to the temperature of the power battery.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
determining a target SOC of the power battery according to the current voltage of the single battery in the power battery;
if the current SOC of the power battery is smaller than the target SOC, correcting the current SOC of the power battery to the target SOC;
and if the current SOC of the power battery is greater than the target SOC, maintaining the current SOC of the power battery.
8. A battery charging apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to an ith current value and constant voltage charging for a preset ith time length when the power battery is charged, if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an ith voltage interval, wherein the ith time length is the time length which is required to be reached during the charging in the ith voltage interval;
the second adjusting module is used for adjusting the charging current to an i+1th current value and constant-voltage charging for a preset i+1th time period if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an nth voltage interval, and adjusting the charging current to an nth current value and constant-voltage charging until the voltage of the single battery in the power battery reaches an nth voltage interval, so that the voltage of the single battery of the power battery reaches a cut-off voltage, wherein the nth voltage interval comprises the cut-off voltage of the power battery, the voltage of a later voltage interval is greater than the voltage of a former voltage interval, and the charging current of the later voltage interval is smaller than the charging current of the former voltage interval, and i is an integer from 1 to N-1;
wherein, the first adjustment module includes:
a fifth adjusting sub-module, configured to adjust the charging current to an i-th current value for constant voltage charging if the voltage of the unit battery in the power battery reaches the i-th voltage interval;
and the sixth adjusting sub-module is used for adjusting the charging current value if the voltage of the single battery in the power battery exceeds the ith voltage interval and the charging with the ith current value does not reach the ith time length, so that the voltage of the single battery in the power battery is maintained in the ith voltage interval until the charging time length in the ith voltage interval reaches the ith time length.
9. A vehicle comprising a power cell and a controller for performing the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-7.
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