CN112935339B

CN112935339B - Impact drill

Info

Publication number: CN112935339B
Application number: CN201911257898.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆伟; 吹拔正敏; 陈亚生
Original assignee: Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-10
Filing date: 2019-12-10
Publication date: 2022-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-10
Also published as: CN112935339A

Abstract

The invention discloses a percussion drill. The percussion drill includes casing and sets up the main shaft in the casing, and the main shaft has along axial displacement's degree of freedom in the casing, still includes: the first gear is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the second gear is arranged in the shell; an elastic member configured to have an elastic force separating the first gear and the second gear from each other; the movable conversion ring is sleeved on the main shaft; the pulling pin is inserted into the shell, a first through hole is formed in the shell in the radial direction around the main shaft, the pulling pin is arranged in the through hole, and the pulling pin can abut against the rear end of the movable conversion ring or is separated from the movable conversion ring, so that the main shaft can be axially positioned or axially moved in the shell. The invention realizes function switching by the pin pulling, controls the main shaft to output only torque or simultaneously output torque and impact force, has simple pin pulling structure, and can prevent the oil leakage of the shell by being inserted in the through hole all the time.

Description

Impact drill

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a percussion drill.

Background

The percussion drill is one kind of drilling equipment, and due to the functional requirements, two gears, namely a drill gear and a percussion gear, are generally available. The drill stop is that the main shaft of the impact drill only outputs torque, and the impact stop is that the main shaft outputs the torque and simultaneously has a reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the main shaft, so that the impact function is realized. In current percussion drill, the conversion of two gears is realized, generally needs a transform structure to realize, and current transform structure is comparatively complicated, and whole transform structure distributes outside inside the percussion drill casing, leads to the easy oil leak of percussion drill casing.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a percussion drill, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, a conversion structure for switching a drill stop and a percussion stop of the percussion drill is complex, and the conversion structure is distributed inside and outside a percussion drill shell, so that the shell is easy to leak oil.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a percussion drill comprising a housing and a spindle disposed in the housing, the spindle having a degree of freedom of movement in an axial direction in the housing, further comprising:

the first gear is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the second gear is arranged in the shell;

an elastic member configured to have an elastic force separating the first gear and the second gear from each other;

the rotating conversion ring is sleeved on the main shaft;

the pulling pin is inserted into the shell, a first through hole is formed in the shell in the radial direction around the main shaft, the pulling pin is arranged in the through hole, and the pulling pin can abut against the rear end of the movable conversion ring or is separated from the movable conversion ring, so that the main shaft moves in the shell in the axial direction or is positioned in the axial direction.

Optionally, the percussion drill further comprises:

the fixed conversion ring is arranged in the shell and is provided with a sliding groove which slides along the edge of the main shaft.

Optionally, the elastic member is a first spring, one end of the first spring abuts against the rotating conversion ring, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the fixed conversion ring.

Optionally, the width of the flange along the circumferential direction of the main shaft is less than or equal to the width of the sliding groove along the circumferential direction of the main shaft.

Optionally, the percussion drill further comprises:

the pin pulling state switching ring is sleeved on the surface of the shell, is matched with the pin pulling and can rotate around the shell, and is provided with bulges and grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner wall;

the second spring is sleeved on the pull pin, one end of the second spring abuts against the surface of the machine shell, the other end of the second spring abuts against the top of the pull pin, and when the protrusion is opposite to the pull pin, the second spring is pressed tightly.

Optionally, a limiting head is arranged at the top of the pull pin, the maximum outer diameter of the limiting head is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the main body of the pull pin, and the second spring abuts against the limiting head.

Optionally, an arc transition surface is arranged at the joint of the protrusion and the groove.

Optionally, the diameter of the through hole is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the pulling pin.

Optionally, the diameter of the through hole is equal to the maximum outer diameter of the pull pin.

Optionally, the second gear and the fixed conversion ring are integrally formed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the switching between the drilling gear and the impact gear is realized by arranging a pull pin on the shell, when the pull pin is pressed down, the pull pin is propped against the rear end of the rotary conversion ring, at the moment, the main shaft cannot axially move, the first gear and the second gear are separated, the main shaft cannot output impact force and only can output torque, and only the function of drilling the gear is realized; when the pulling pin is pulled out, the pulling pin is separated from the movable conversion ring, the main shaft can move axially, and the first gear and the second gear can be meshed, so that the main shaft has the axial reciprocating motion under the action of the first gear and the second gear in the rotating process, the impact force is output, and the function of an impact gear is realized; the conversion structure for converting the impact conversion function is simple, the oil leakage risk is small, the cost is low, the conversion of the impact drilling function can be realized only by one pull pin, and the pull pins are inserted into the through holes all the time, so that the oil leakage of the shell is further prevented.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the hammer drill of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an embodiment of the hammer drill of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an embodiment of the impact drill of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 5 from another perspective according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the dynamic shift ring of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the pin removal status switch ring of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the pin puller of the present invention.

In the figure:

100-impact drilling; 1-voids; 10-a housing; 20-a main shaft; 30-a first gear; 40-a second gear; 50-an elastic member; 60-pin pulling; 70-rotating the transfer ring; 80-fixed conversion ring; 90-pin pulling state switching ring; 102-a second spring;

31-a first tooth flank; 41-second tooth flank; 61-a limiting head; 71-a flange; 81-a chute; 91-projection; 92-a groove;

101-a first axis; 711-gap.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The present invention provides a percussion drill 100, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the percussion drill 100 includes a housing 10 and a spindle 20 disposed in the housing 10, the spindle 20 having a degree of freedom of movement in the housing 10 in a direction parallel to a first axis 101 of the spindle 20. As shown in fig. 3, the housing 10 has a receiving space for receiving the spindle 10 therein, and the rear end of the spindle 20 has an end gap 1 which is not completely locked, so that the spindle 20 has an axial moving space. It will be appreciated that the spindle 20 may be driven by the motor and other gearing of the hammer drill 100 to rotate and/or reciprocate to output torque.

Referring to fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the impact drill 100 further includes a first gear 30 and a second gear 40 disposed opposite to each other, the first gear 30 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 20, that is, the first gear 30 can rotate along with the main shaft 20, and a first tooth surface 31 is disposed on one side of the first gear 30.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the second gear 40 is disposed in the housing 10, and a second tooth surface 41 is disposed on a side of the second gear 40 opposite to the first gear 30. Referring to fig. 3, when the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 approach and contact each other, the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 will continuously approach or separate from each other along with the rotation of the first gear 30, so as to generate a reciprocating force along the axial direction of the main shaft 20, and push the main shaft 20 to reciprocate along the axial direction thereof, thereby achieving an impact function. When the impact function is not required, it is only necessary to separate the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 and restrict the main shaft 20 from moving axially.

As shown in fig. 3, the hammer drill 100 further includes an elastic member 50, and the elastic member 50 has a predetermined elastic force between the first gear 30 and the second gear 40, which enables the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 to be maintained in a separated state, so that the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 are separated from each other when the hammer drill 100 is not in operation. When the percussion drill 100 works, the main shaft 20 is driven by the motor and other transmission parts of the percussion drill 100 to rotate, and meanwhile, an operator can push the main shaft 20 against the surface to be drilled with force during operation, and the force applied by the operator can overcome the elastic force between the first gear 30 and the second gear 40, so that the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 are meshed to realize a percussion function. The switch-over can be achieved by simply restricting the spindle 20 from axial movement if the bump function is not required.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present invention restricts the axial movement of the main shaft 20 by the pull pin 60. A rotary conversion ring 70 is fitted over the main shaft 20, and the front end of the rotary conversion ring 70 abuts against the main shaft 20. The pulling pin 60 is inserted into the casing 10, and it can be understood that a through hole for passing the pulling pin 60 is provided on the casing 10, the through hole is arranged around the radial direction of the main shaft 20, and the pulling pin 60 is arranged in the through hole and passes from the outside to the inside of the casing 10. When the pull pin 60 is pressed down, the pull pin abuts against the rear end of the rotating conversion ring 70, and at the moment, the axial movement of the main shaft 20 is limited, so that the main shaft 20 is positioned in the axial direction and cannot move axially, and the main shaft 20 can only output torque, thereby realizing the gear drilling function. When the pulling pin 60 is pulled out, the pulling pin 60 is separated from the rotating conversion ring 70, the limitation on the axial movement of the main shaft 20 is cancelled, so that the main shaft 20 can move along the axial direction, and at the moment, under the meshing of the first gear 30 and the second gear 40, the main shaft 20 outputs torque and impact force, and the impact gear function is realized.

The conversion structure for realizing the conversion of the functions of the percussion drill is simple, the risk of oil leakage is low, the cost is low, only the pull pin 60 penetrates through the inside and the outside of the shell 10 in the whole structure, and the pull pin 60 is always inserted into the through hole no matter pulled up or pressed down, so that the oil leakage of the shell 10 is prevented; in the prior art, the whole conversion structure is complex, more parts penetrate through the inside and outside of the casing 10, more grooves are matched between the parts, and oil leakage is easy to occur. The hammer drill 100 of the present invention solves the problem of oil leakage well. In addition, since the casing 10 is only provided with the through hole through which the dial pin 60 can pass, the structural strength of the casing 10 itself is higher, more complicated working conditions can be coped with, and the service life of the hammer drill 100 is longer.

As shown in fig. 3-6, the hammer drill 100 of the present invention further includes a stationary indexing ring 80. The fixed conversion ring 80 is arranged in the machine shell 10, the fixed conversion ring 80 is provided with a sliding groove 81 extending along the axial direction of the main shaft 20, the movable conversion ring 70 is provided with a flange 71 matched with the sliding groove 81, the flange 71 slides in the sliding groove 81, the movable conversion ring 70 can be limited, the movable conversion ring 70 can only move along the axial direction of the main shaft 20 and can not rotate around the main shaft 20, and the abrasion to the pull pin 60 is avoided.

Further, the width of the flange 71 in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 20 is smaller than or equal to the width of the slide groove 81 in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 20, so that the flange 71 can be accommodated in the slide groove 81 and can slide in the slide groove 81.

Further, the pulling pin 60 is pressed down and abuts against the end of the flange 71, fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the embodiment of the dynamic transfer ring of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the end of the flange 71 is provided with a notch 711 for matching with the pulling pin 60, and when the pulling pin 60 is pressed down, the pulling pin matches with the notch 711 to limit the axial movement of the dynamic transfer ring 70, and further, the axial movement of the spindle 20 is limited, so that the hammer drill 100 only outputs torque.

Preferably, the notch 711 is arc-shaped, and the radian of the notch 711 is matched with the radian of the surface of the pull pin 60, so that the notch 711 can be clamped on the pull pin 60, the rotating conversion ring 70 can be further clamped on the pull pin 60, the rotating conversion ring 70 is prevented from sliding on the pull pin 60, and the running stability of the equipment is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, an elastic member 50 for allowing the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 to have elastic force separated from each other may be provided between the movable switching ring 70 and the fixed switching ring 80, and the separation of the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 is achieved by spreading the movable switching ring 70 and the fixed switching ring 80. The fixed converting ring 80 is disposed in the housing 10, and the front end of the rotating converting ring 70 abuts against the main shaft 20, so that the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 can be separated by disposing the elastic member 50 between the rotating converting ring 70 and the fixed converting ring 80 to support the rotating converting ring 70 and the fixed converting ring 80. In use, the spindle 20 is pressed against the surface to be drilled, and the first gear 30 and the second gear 40 are engaged against the elastic force of the elastic member 50.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the elastic member 50 is a first spring, one end of which abuts against the rotating shift ring 70 and the other end of which abuts against the stationary shift ring 80.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, the front end of the rotating ring 70 is further provided with a limit flange 72, and the limit flange 72 is a ring of flange extending outwards from the front end of the rotating ring 70. The end of the resilient member 50 connected to the rotating shift ring 70 may abut against the stop flange 72 to position the resilient member 50 on the rotating shift ring 70.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 8, the percussion drill 100 of the present invention further includes a pin-pulling state switching ring 90, the pin-pulling state switching ring 90 is sleeved on the surface of the casing 10 and is matched with the pin-pulling 60, the pin-pulling state switching ring 90 can rotate around the casing 10, as shown in fig. 8, the inner wall of the pin-pulling state switching ring 90 is provided with protrusions 91 and grooves 92 at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof, the protrusions 91 can abut against the pin-pulling 60 when facing the pin-pulling 60, the pin-pulling 60 is pressed down, the pin-pulling 60 abuts against the rear end of the rotating switching ring 70, the spindle 20 is axially limited, and at this time, the spindle 20 cannot axially move, and only can output torque. When the groove 92 is opposite to the pull pin 60, the pull pin 60 can be released, the pull pin 60 is far away from the rotating conversion ring 70, and the main shaft 20 can axially move to output impact force and torque.

The percussion drill 100 of the present invention further includes a second spring 102, as shown in fig. 3, the second spring 102 is sleeved on the pull pin 60, one end of the second spring 102 abuts against the surface of the casing 10, and the other end abuts against the top of the pull pin 60, when the protrusion 91 of the pull-pin state switching ring 90 is opposite to the pull pin 60, the second spring 102 is pressed, so that the second spring 102 has an upward elastic force, and when the groove 92 of the pull-pin state switching ring 90 is opposite to the pull pin 60, the pull pin 60 can be pushed out under the action of the second spring 102.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the pulling pin of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, a limiting head 61 is disposed at the top of the pulling pin 60, and the maximum outer diameter of the limiting head 61 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the main body of the pulling pin 60. referring to fig. 3 and 9, the second spring 102 abuts against the limiting head 61, so that the pulling pin 60 can be pulled out from the housing 20 under the elastic force of the first spring 102.

Further, as shown in fig. 9, the tip end surface of the pin 60 is a circular arc surface, so that the inner wall of the pin-pulling state switching ring 90 slides on the pin 60 to switch the state of the pin 60.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the junction between the protrusion 91 and the groove 92 is provided with a circular arc transition surface so that the junction can smoothly slide over the pin 60, and the switching protrusion 91 or the groove 92 is opposite to the pin 60.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the diameter of the through hole of the casing 20 for disposing the pull pin 60 is greater than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the pull pin 60, where the maximum outer diameter of the pull pin 60 is the maximum outer diameter of the portion of the pull pin 60 inserted in the through hole, i.e. the maximum outer diameter of the body of the pull pin 60, and does not include the stopper 61 at the top of the pull pin 60. The diameter of the through hole is larger than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the pull pin 60, so that the pull pin 60 can smoothly slide in the through hole. Preferably, however, the maximum outer diameter of the pull pin 60 is set to be equal to the diameter of the through hole, so that the pull pin 60 can be tightly fitted with the through hole, and oil leakage can be better avoided.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the second gear 40 and the fixed converting ring 80 can be integrally formed, because both are fixed on the housing 10, both can be integrally formed at one position, thereby reducing the installation steps, improving the integrity of the components and reducing the number of scattered components. However, the second gear 40 and the stationary shift ring 80 may be provided as two separate pieces due to the difference in materials and the manner of molding.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A percussion drill comprising a casing (10) and a spindle (20) arranged in the casing (10), the spindle (20) having a degree of freedom to move axially in the casing (10), characterized by further comprising:

the first gear (30) and the second gear (40) are oppositely arranged, the first gear (30) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (20), and the second gear (40) is arranged in the machine shell (10);

an elastic member (50) configured to have an elastic force separating the first gear (30) and the second gear (40) from each other;

the rotary conversion ring (70) is sleeved on the main shaft (20);

the pulling pin (60) is inserted into the machine shell (10), a first through hole is formed in the machine shell (10) in the radial direction around the main shaft (20), the pulling pin (60) is arranged in the through hole, and the pulling pin (60) can abut against the rear end of the rotating conversion ring (70) or is separated from the rotating conversion ring (70) so that the main shaft (20) can be axially positioned or axially move in the machine shell (10).

2. The percussion drill according to claim 1, further comprising:

decide change ring (80), set up in casing (10), be provided with on deciding change ring (80) and follow main shaft (20) axial extension's spout (81), move change ring (70) on be provided with spout (81) complex flange (71), flange (71) are in slide in spout (81).

3. The percussion drill according to claim 2, characterized in that the resilient member (50) is a first spring, one end of which abuts against the rotating shift ring (70) and the other end of which abuts against the stationary shift ring (80).

4. The percussion drill according to claim 2, wherein the width of the flange (71) in the circumferential direction of the main shaft (20) is less than or equal to the width of the slide groove (81) in the circumferential direction of the main shaft (20).

5. The percussion drill according to claim 1, further comprising:

the pin pulling state switching ring (90) is sleeved on the surface of the shell (10), the pin pulling state switching ring (90) is matched with the pin pulling pin (60) and can rotate around the shell (10), the inner wall of the pin pulling state switching ring is provided with protrusions (91) and grooves (92) at intervals along the circumferential direction, when the protrusions (91) are opposite to the pin pulling pin (60), the pin pulling pin (60) is pressed down, the pin pulling pin (60) abuts against the rear end of the movable switching ring (70), when the grooves (92) are opposite to the pin pulling pin (60), the pin pulling pin (60) is released, and the pin pulling pin (60) is far away from the movable switching ring (70);

the second spring (100) is sleeved on the pulling pin, one end of the second spring (100) abuts against the surface of the shell (10), the other end of the second spring (100) abuts against the top of the pulling pin (60), and when the protrusion (91) is opposite to the pulling pin (60), the second spring (100) is pressed.

6. Percussion drill according to claim 5, characterized in that the pin puller (60) is provided at the top with a limiting head (61), the limiting head (61) having a maximum outer diameter greater than the maximum outer diameter of the body of the pin puller (60), the second spring (100) resting on the limiting head (61).

7. Percussion drill according to claim 5, characterized in that the junction of the projection (91) and the recess (92) is provided with a rounded transition surface.

8. Percussion drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the through hole is larger than the largest outer diameter of the draw pin (60).

9. Percussion drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the through hole is equal to the largest outer diameter of the draw pin (60).

10. The percussion drill according to claim 2, characterized in that the second gear wheel (40) is integrally formed with the stationary shift ring (80).