CN112935241A - Molding agent and molding method of hard alloy - Google Patents
Molding agent and molding method of hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112935241A CN112935241A CN202110092065.3A CN202110092065A CN112935241A CN 112935241 A CN112935241 A CN 112935241A CN 202110092065 A CN202110092065 A CN 202110092065A CN 112935241 A CN112935241 A CN 112935241A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
Abstract
The forming agent is colloid and comprises 1.8-2.5 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part by mass of soyamine. The application also provides a forming method of the hard alloy. By replacing part of tetrahydronaphthalene with ethanol in the application, the performance parameters of the processed and molded hard alloy can meet the processing requirements on the basis of reducing the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene, and the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene is reduced, so that the negative effects of the tetrahydronaphthalene on a human body and the environment are effectively reduced; in addition, the material to be extruded after being treated by the forming agent is even in dry and wet state and easy to extrude, and the service life of an extruder table is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of hard alloy extrusion forming, in particular to a forming agent and a forming method of hard alloy.
Background
In the extrusion forming process of the hard alloy, in order to ensure that a pressed compact formed after the extrusion of the material particles for forming the hard alloy is uniform and compact, a forming agent is mixed with the material particles and then kneaded. The forming agent usually used contains organic substances which are volatile and harmful to the environment and are pure phenols. In the forming process, organic matters are volatilized into a working environment to cause harm to a human body; in the heating and drying process, organic matters are volatilized into the atmosphere, so that the emission of VOC in the atmosphere exceeds the standard, and the reduction of the emission of harmful substances by enterprises is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a forming agent with reduced harmful substance emission to solve the above problems.
In addition, a method for forming the hard alloy is also needed.
The forming agent is colloid and comprises 1.8-2.5 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part by mass of soyamine.
In some embodiments, the forming agent comprises 1.815 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.815 parts by mass of tetralin, 1 part by mass of ethylcellulose, and 0.1 part by mass of soya amine.
A method for forming hard alloy comprises the following steps:
mixing material particles for forming hard alloy with a forming agent, and kneading to form a material to be extruded, wherein the forming agent is colloid and comprises 1.8-2.5 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part by mass of soyamine;
dispersing the material to be extruded, and extruding to form a pressed blank; and
and sintering the pressed compact to obtain the hard alloy.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of adding paraffin oil while mixing the material particles and the forming agent.
In some embodiments, after mixing the material particles and the forming agent for 1h to 2h, the paraffin oil is added and then the kneading treatment is performed.
In some embodiments, the paraffinic oil is added in multiple portions.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the paraffinic oil to the material particles is 1:0.01 to 0.015.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the forming agent to the material particles is 1: 0.048-0.053.
In some embodiments, the temperature at the time of the kneading treatment is from 58 ℃ to 72 ℃.
In some embodiments, the forming agent comprises 1.815 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.815 parts by mass of tetralin, 1 part by mass of ethylcellulose, and 0.1 part by mass of soya amine.
By replacing part of tetrahydronaphthalene with ethanol in the application, the performance parameters of the processed and molded hard alloy can meet the processing requirements on the basis of reducing the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene, and the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene is reduced, so that the negative effects of the tetrahydronaphthalene on a human body and the environment are effectively reduced; in addition, the material to be extruded after being treated by the forming agent is even in dry and wet state and easy to extrude, and the service life of an extruder table is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a molding agent provided in comparative example 1.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the molding agent provided in comparative example 2.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a cemented carbide processed with the forming agent provided in comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 is a picture of a cemented carbide processed by the forming agent provided in example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a picture of a cemented carbide processed by the forming agent provided in example 3 of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a test chart of the carbide alloy processed in example 3 of the present application in a polished state.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the corrosion state of 5s after the cemented carbide processed in example 3 of the present application was tested.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the corrosion state of the cemented carbide processed in example 3 of the present application after 3 min.
The following detailed description will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present application can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all and any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiment of the application provides a forming agent used in a hard alloy machining process. The hard alloy processing process can comprise the steps of spray granulation, kneading and glue mixing, extrusion forming, natural drying, heating and drying, dewaxing and sintering and the like, wherein the forming agent is added in the step of kneading and glue mixing, and is used for bonding material particles for forming the hard alloy so as to enable the hard alloy material to form a uniform and compact in the extrusion process and prevent the compact from cracking.
The forming agent comprises 1.8-2.5 parts of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part of soybean amine in parts by mass, wherein the ethanol, the tetrahydronaphthalene, the ethyl cellulose and the soybean amine form a colloid together.
The ethanol and the tetrahydronaphthalene are mutually soluble and are used as organic solvents to dissolve the ethyl cellulose and the soyamine; the tetrahydronaphthalene and the ethyl cellulose are mutually soluble, and the ethanol can dissolve part of the ethyl cellulose. The ethanol can replace part of the tetrahydronaphthalene, and the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene in the forming agent is reduced, so that the volatilization of the tetrahydronaphthalene is reduced, and the harm of the tetrahydronaphthalene to human bodies in the using process of the forming agent is reduced. The content of the ethanol and the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene need to be proper, wherein if the content of the ethanol is too low, the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene cannot be effectively reduced, and the volatilization of the tetrahydronaphthalene cannot be effectively reduced; the content of ethanol is too much, and because the ethanol is volatile, the pressed compact formed after extrusion forming is dry, so that the pressed compact is easy to crack; if the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene is too low, the forming agent is too viscous, and the uniformity of the material to be extruded formed after kneading is poor; the tetrahydronaphthalene content is too high, the volatilization of the tetrahydronaphthalene can not be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the material to be extruded is difficult to be pressed into a compact for forming.
The ethyl cellulose has colloidal property, is used for bonding material particles in the material particle kneading process, and forms less carbon after the dewaxing sintering process, thereby reducing the content of carbon in the hard alloy. The content of the ethyl cellulose is required to be proper, the content of the ethyl cellulose is too small, the binding property of the forming agent to material particles is poor, and the blank forming is difficult; the content of the ethyl cellulose is too much, the forming agent is sticky, and the uniformity of the material to be extruded is poor.
The soyamine is used as a surfactant for increasing the surface lubricity of material particles. The content of the soyamine is required to be proper, the content of the soyamine is too low, and the transparency of the forming agent is poor; the content of the soybean amine is too high, and the components in the forming agent cannot be completely dissolved.
The application also provides a method for forming hard alloy by using the forming agent, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the material particles for forming the hard alloy with a forming agent, and then kneading to form a material to be extruded.
In some embodiments, the material particles for forming the hard alloy are formed by spraying; and mixing the material particles and the forming agent according to a certain proportion, and kneading in a kneader. Wherein, the temperature of the kneading treatment can be 58-72 ℃, the kneading time can be 2-3 h, and the forming agent binds the material particles together.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of adding paraffin oil while mixing the material particles and the forming agent, wherein the paraffin oil is used for wrapping the surfaces of the material particles, so that the friction force between the material particles is reduced, and the phenomenon of surface cracking of subsequently formed pressed compacts caused by rapid volatilization of ethanol after the pressed compacts are formed is effectively reduced.
In some embodiments, the paraffinic oil may be added after the material particles are mixed with the forming agent for a period of time; in some embodiments, the paraffin oil can be added in multiple times, so that ethanol in the forming agent is volatilized, and the material particles are easy to knead after being dispersed.
The material to be extruded prepared by the forming agent is uniform in dryness and wetness and easy to extrude, so that the service life of an extruder table is prolonged; meanwhile, the material to be extruded after extrusion meeting is not easy to crack.
Step S2: and dispersing the material to be extruded, and extruding to form a pressed compact.
In some embodiments, the kneaded material to be extruded is cooled and then broken up, the broken material to be extruded is placed into an extruder table, and vacuum pumping treatment, pre-pressing and extrusion treatment are sequentially performed to form a pressed blank with a specific shape. The shaped green compact is dried for further processing.
If the content of the ethanol in the forming agent is too high, part of the ethanol volatilizes in the vacuum-pumping process, and the results of nonuniform green compact dryness and humidity, abnormal product size, green compact cracking and the like can be caused.
Step S3: and sintering the pressed compact to obtain the hard alloy.
During sintering, ethyl cellulose in the forming agent is carbonized to form carbon which is present in the cemented carbide.
The present application is illustrated by the following specific examples and comparative examples.
Comparative example 1
Providing a forming agent, wherein the forming agent comprises 3.63 parts of ethanol, 1 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.1 part of soyamine in parts by mass.
Mixing 60kg of material particles for forming hard alloy with a forming agent, adding 5% of the forming agent by mass into each 60kg of material particles, heating the mixed material to 70 ℃, and kneading to form a material to be extruded; dispersing the material to be extruded, and extruding to form a pressed blank; and sintering the pressed compact to obtain the hard alloy.
Comparative example 2
In contrast to comparative example 1: the forming agent comprises 2.54 parts of ethanol, 1.09 parts of tetrahydronaphthalene, 1 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.1 part of soyamine in parts by mass.
Example 1
In contrast to comparative example 1: the forming agent comprises 1.815 parts of ethanol, 1.815 parts of tetrahydronaphthalene, 1 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.1 part of soyamine in parts by mass. After kneading for 1 hour, 0.36kg of liquid paraffin oil was added and kneading was continued for 1 hour, and after adding 0.36kg of liquid paraffin oil again, kneading was continued for 0.5 hour for a total kneading time of 2.5 hours.
Example 2
In contrast to comparative example 1: the forming agent comprises 1.815 parts of ethanol, 1.815 parts of tetrahydronaphthalene, 1 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.1 part of soyamine in parts by mass.
Example 3
In contrast to comparative example 1: the forming agent comprises 1.815 parts of ethanol, 1.815 parts of tetrahydronaphthalene, 1 part of ethyl cellulose and 0.1 part of soyamine in parts by mass. After kneading for 1 hour, 0.36kg of liquid paraffin oil was added and kneading was continued for 1 hour, and after adding 0.36kg of liquid paraffin oil again, kneading was continued for 0.5 hour for a total kneading time of 2.5 hours.
Referring to Table 1, Table 1 summarizes the different conditions of comparative examples 1-2 and examples 1-3.
TABLE 1
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the forms of the forming agents provided in comparative examples 1 to 2 and examples 1 to 3 and the forming results of the cemented carbide obtained after the forming agents were added during the process of processing the cemented carbide.
TABLE 2
| Form of molding agent | Result of molding | |
| Comparative example 1 | Turbidity | The kneaded material is dry and can not be extruded and formed |
| Comparative example 2 | Homogeneous gel | Kneading materials are difficult to extrude and form |
| Example 1 | Homogeneous gel | Uneven dryness and cracking of the surface of the formed green compact |
| Example 2 | Homogeneous gel | Compression mouldable, green compact with slight cracking |
| Example 3 | Homogeneous gel | The kneaded material is even in dryness and wetness, compact and compact without cracks |
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a picture of the forming agent provided in comparative example 1, and since all of the organic solvent of the forming agent in comparative example 1 is ethanol, part of the ethyl cellulose cannot be completely dissolved in ethanol, so that the forming agent is turbid. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a picture of the forming agent provided in comparative example 2, the organic solvent of the forming agent in comparative example 2 comprises ethanol and tetrahydronaphthalene, the ethyl cellulose is completely dissolved, and the forming agent is in a uniform and transparent colloid shape.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the cemented carbide obtained after processing in comparative example 2, example 1 and example 3 is shown. Wherein, compare comparative example 2 with implementation 2 and example 3, comparative example 2 does not add paraffin oil in the course of working, and example 1 adds paraffin oil in the course of working with example 3, and paraffin oil can wrap up the surface at the material particle, reduces the frictional force between the material particle, effectively reduces the phenomenon that the briquetting surface that forms later on formed because of ethanol volatilizees rapidly after the briquetting shaping leads to splits.
Referring to table 3, table 3 compares the results of various tests on the cemented carbide formed by working example 3 with those of the cemented carbide formed by working an organic solvent using only tetralin as a forming agent. The test indexes comprise cobalt magnetism, coercive force, solid density, Vickers hardness, bending strength, metallographic porosity and the like of the hard alloy.
TABLE 3
From the test results in table 3, it can be seen that various performance parameters of the cemented carbide processed and formed by the forming agent provided in example 3 are within the range of the performance parameters of the cemented carbide processed and formed by tetralin, which is the organic solvent in the forming agent.
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the surface test charts of the cemented carbide provided in example 3 are shown. FIG. 6 is a test chart of cemented carbide under a polished state of 100X, and a metallographic ground surface has no obvious hole; FIG. 7 shows the reaction of cemented carbide on iron trichloride (FeCl)3) In a test chart after 5s of corrosion in the corrosive liquid, a metallographic ground surface has no decarbonization phase; FIG. 8 is a test chart of the hard alloy after being corroded in an iron trichloride corrosion solution for 3min, and the metallographic ground surface has no abnormal growth of crystal grains.
By replacing part of tetrahydronaphthalene with ethanol in the application, the performance parameters of the processed and molded hard alloy can meet the processing requirements on the basis of reducing the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene, and the content of the tetrahydronaphthalene is reduced, so that the negative effects of the tetrahydronaphthalene on a human body and the environment are effectively reduced; in addition, the material to be extruded after being treated by the forming agent is even in dry and wet state and easy to extrude, and the service life of an extruder table is prolonged.
Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The forming agent is colloid and comprises 1.8-2.5 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part by mass of soyamine.
2. The molding agent according to claim 1, wherein the molding agent comprises 1.815 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.815 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 1 part by mass of ethylcellulose, and 0.1 part by mass of soyamine.
3. A method for forming a cemented carbide, comprising the steps of:
mixing material particles for forming hard alloy with a forming agent, and kneading to form a material to be extruded, wherein the forming agent is colloid and comprises 1.8-2.5 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.8-3.6 parts by mass of tetrahydronaphthalene, 0.8-1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.08-0.13 part by mass of soyamine;
dispersing the material to be extruded, and extruding to form a pressed blank; and
and sintering the pressed compact to obtain the hard alloy.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of adding paraffin oil while mixing the material particles with the forming agent.
5. The method for forming a cemented carbide according to claim 4, wherein the paraffin oil is added and the kneading treatment is further carried out after mixing the material particles with the forming agent for 1 to 2 hours.
6. The method of forming a cemented carbide according to claim 5, wherein the paraffin oil is added in a plurality of portions.
7. The method for forming a hard alloy according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin oil to the material particles is 1: 0.01-0.015.
8. The method for molding a cemented carbide according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the molding agent to the material particles is 1: 0.048-0.053.
9. The method for molding a cemented carbide according to claim 3, wherein the temperature at the time of the kneading treatment is 58 ℃ to 72 ℃.
10. The method for molding a cemented carbide according to claim 3, wherein the molding agent comprises 1.815 parts by mass of ethanol, 1.815 parts by mass of tetralin, 1 part by mass of ethyl cellulose, and 0.1 part by mass of soyamine.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117282961A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 赣州澳克泰工具技术有限公司 | Cemented carbide extrusion molding agent and preparation method thereof and preparation method of cemented carbide |
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Application publication date: 20210611 |