CN112935218A - Rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method and mould - Google Patents
Rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method and mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN112935218A CN112935218A CN202110258780.XA CN202110258780A CN112935218A CN 112935218 A CN112935218 A CN 112935218A CN 202110258780 A CN202110258780 A CN 202110258780A CN 112935218 A CN112935218 A CN 112935218A
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- pulping
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010118 rheocasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rheologic extrusion casting pulping and forming integrated method, belonging to the technical field of semi-solid forming. The invention can combine the pulping and the forming processes without transferring the slurry, and the prepared semi-solid slurry directly completes the filling under the action of extrusion force, thereby being beneficial to the development of the semi-solid forming technology; the method comprises the steps of directly pouring a smelted alloy melt with the temperature 20-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature into a die charging barrel, extruding an aluminum alloy melt upwards by a punch of a bottom injection type extruder, enabling the melt to flow through a cross runner with circulating cooling water at the bottom, and enabling the melt to be subjected to the extrusion force of the bottom punch and the cross runner of a die to generate shearing force while being chilled by the cooling water, so that the preparation of the semi-solid slurry is completed. Then flows into an ingate to obtain a filling mold under the action of extrusion force, and the semi-solid pulping and forming integration is completed; the invention has simple process, convenient operation, low cost and high production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of semi-solid forming, and particularly relates to a rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method which is applicable to semi-solid forming of easily oxidized alloys such as aluminum, magnesium and the like.
Background
The semi-solid forming technique, referred to as SSM for short, is known as one of the most promising metal material processing techniques in the 21 st century because of its low forming temperature, small deformation resistance, stable filling, fine crystal grains, and the like. The semi-solid forming technology comprises the preparation of slurry and the subsequent slurry forming technology. The preparation of the semi-solid slurry is the key of semi-solid forming, and the preparation method mainly comprises a mechanical stirring method, an electromagnetic stirring method, an isothermal heat treatment method, an inclined plate cooling method, an ultrasonic vibration method and the like. Semi-solid forming can be classified into thixoforming and rheoforming according to the process. In the process flow, thixoforming must obtain an alloy billet with a non-dendritic structure to perform subsequent die-casting forming, and rheoforming directly performs die-casting forming on a semi-solid alloy melt, so that the cost is much lower in industrial application. The existing semi-solid rheoforming technology is easy to cause defects of air entrainment, oxidation, slag inclusion and the like of slurry in the preparation process of the slurry, and the slurry transfer temperature is not easy to control. The mechanical property of the material is affected by the defects of oxidation slag inclusion and the like generated in the actual casting and forming process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a semi-solid pulping and forming integrated method and a mould, which combine the preparation and the forming of semi-solid slurry, can effectively solve the problem of oxidization in the preparation process of the slurry, overcome the defects of difficult temperature control, long time consumption and the like in the slurry transfer process, save the cost and improve the production efficiency.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) alloy smelting is carried out in an intermediate frequency furnace, when the temperature of an alloy melt is higher than the liquidus temperature by more than 80 ℃, the alloy melt is transferred into a crucible, the alloy melt is refined and subjected to slag skimming, then the temperature is kept for 30-40 min, and the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature;
(2) brushing a die coating on a rheologic extrusion casting die, and then preheating to 195-205 ℃;
(3) opening a switch of circulating cooling water one minute before the alloy melt is poured into the charging barrel to ensure that the temperature of the cross gate is reduced;
(4) pouring the alloy melt into the charging barrel, allowing the alloy melt to enter the cross pouring channel under the pressure action of the punch, forming semi-solid slurry under the chilling action of the circulating cooling water channel, and allowing the semi-solid slurry to flow into the ingate to be formed in the forming cavity to complete the semi-solid pulping and forming integration.
And (2) a cooling water channel is arranged at the bottom of a cross gate of the bottom injection type extrusion die, the alloy melt in the step (1) is poured into a charging barrel of the extrusion die, the melt is under the action of extrusion force of a punch and is chilled by cooling water when flowing through the cross gate in the extrusion forming process, the liquid alloy melt forms semi-solid slurry under the chilling action of circulating cooling water in the process, and the alloy melt flows into an inner gate to obtain filling under the action of extrusion force of the punch, so that the integration of rheological extrusion casting, pulping and forming of aluminum alloy is realized.
The die comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein a material cylinder of the lower die is arranged in the middle of the lower die, a cross gate is arranged on two sides of the material cylinder and connected with the material cylinder, grooves on the upper die and the lower die are matched to form a forming cavity, the forming cavity is connected with the cross gate through an inner gate, a circulating cooling water channel is arranged below the cross gate, a cooling water channel opening is a circular threaded hole and serves as a water inlet, a punch is connected with a base through a mandril, the base is fixed on the ground, and the punch is arranged in the material cylinder and can penetrate through the lower die and extend out of the upper surface of the lower.
The thickness of the circulating cooling water channel and the cross gate is 1-2 cm.
The inner diameter of the circulating cooling water channel is consistent with that of the cross gate and is 1-2 cm.
The thickness of the cooling water channel at the lower end of the cross gate, which is far away from the cross gate, is 1cm, the width of the circulating cooling water channel is 2cm consistent with the width of the cross gate, the height of the circulating cooling water channel is 2cm, circulating cooling water enters from one side, and the circulating cooling water flows out from the other side.
The extrusion die is preheated before cooling water is introduced, a circulating cooling water switch is turned on before the melt is poured into a die charging barrel for 1 minute, and then extrusion casting is finished.
According to the invention, a circulating cooling water channel is arranged below a cross gate of an extrusion die, so that a semi-solid pulping process and a forming process are combined; the method comprises the steps of pouring a smelted alloy melt with the temperature 20-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature into a die charging barrel, enabling the alloy melt to flow through a cross pouring channel with a circulating cooling water channel arranged at the bottom end under the action of extrusion force of a punch, reducing nucleation work by a large supercooling degree through chilling action of circulating cooling water, rapidly nucleating crystal grains in the alloy melt, and finally obtaining fine and uniform fine structures due to continuous mutual shearing, collision and friction among the crystal grains in the alloy melt in the flowing process; and (3) directly feeding the semi-solid slurry into a forming cavity through an ingate for forming, and cooling for a period of time to obtain a semi-solid alloy casting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the lower end of the cross gate of the extrusion die is provided with the circulating cooling water channel, and the semi-solid pulping process and the forming process are combined to carry out rheological extrusion forming on the semi-solid alloy, so that the oxidation problem in the slurry preparation process can be reduced, and the defects of difficulty in temperature control, long time consumption and the like in the slurry transfer process are overcome;
(2) the invention can change the chilling effect by changing the flow of the circulating cooling water, thereby changing the solid fraction of the semi-solid slurry and changing the mold filling capacity of the slurry;
(3) the invention has simple process, convenient operation, low cost and high production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rheo-squeeze casting, pulping and forming integrated device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a rheo-squeeze casting lower die;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower rheocasting die;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure of an Al-25Si-2Fe-2Mn alloy, in which (a) a melt treated with no cooling water is directly extruded and formed, (b) a melt treated with cooling water is extruded and formed;
FIG. 5 is a metallographic structure diagram of an Al-25% Si alloy, (a) a melt is directly extruded and formed without being treated by cooling water, and (b) the melt is extruded and formed after being treated by cooling water;
in the figure: 1-inner pouring channel; 2-forming a cavity; 3, lower die; 4-a top rod; 5-a base; 6, upper die; 7-a punch; 8-horizontal pouring channel; 9-cooling water passage port; 10-a barrel; 11-circulating cooling water channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples.
The following embodiment adopts a semi-solid slurrying and forming integrated extrusion casting die shown in fig. 1, the die casting die comprises an upper die 6 and a lower die 3, a material cylinder 10 of the lower die is arranged in the middle of the lower die, a cross gate 8 is arranged on two sides of the material cylinder and connected with the material cylinder 10, grooves on the upper die 6 and the lower die 3 are matched to form a forming cavity 2, the forming cavity 2 is connected with the cross gate 8 through an inner gate 1, a circulating cooling water channel 11 is arranged below the cross gate 8, a cooling water channel port 9 is a circular threaded hole and serves as a water inlet hole, a punch 7 is connected with a base 5 through a mandril 4, the base 5 is fixed on the ground, and the punch 7 is arranged in the material cylinder 10 and can penetrate through the lower die and extend.
Example 1
(1) Smelting Al-25Si-2Fe-2Mn (liquidus temperature of 780 ℃) in an intermediate frequency furnace, transferring the alloy melt into a crucible when the temperature of the alloy melt is 900 ℃, adding hexachloroethane into the alloy melt, refining, degassing and slagging off, keeping the temperature for 30min, and controlling the temperature of the alloy melt to be about 810 ℃;
(2) brushing a die coating on a rheologic extrusion casting die, and then preheating to 195-205 ℃;
(3) one minute before the alloy melt is poured into the barrel 10, the switch for circulating cooling water is turned on to ensure that the temperature of the runner 8 is lowered.
(4) Pouring the alloy melt into a charging barrel 10, allowing the alloy melt to enter a cross runner 8 under the action of the pressure of a punch, forming semi-solid slurry through the chilling action of a circulating cooling water channel 11 at the bottom of the cross runner, then forming in a forming cavity 2 through an inner runner 1, and finishing semi-solid pulping and forming to obtain an Al-25Si-2Fe-2Mn alloy semi-solid casting, as shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that primary silicon in a tissue which is not treated by circulating cooling water is irregular in shape, the tissue is coarse, and a tissue which is treated by semi-solid is fine in grain and regular in shape.
Example 2
(1) Smelting Al-25% Si alloy (liquidus temperature 770 ℃) in an intermediate frequency furnace, transferring the alloy melt into a crucible when the temperature of the alloy melt is 890 ℃, adding hexachloroethane into the alloy melt, refining, degassing and slagging-off, keeping the temperature for 30min, and controlling the temperature of the alloy melt to be about 795 ℃;
(2) brushing a die coating on a rheologic extrusion casting die, and then preheating to 195-205 ℃;
(3) one minute before the alloy melt is poured into the barrel 10, the switch for circulating cooling water is turned on to ensure that the temperature of the runner 8 is lowered.
(4) Pouring the alloy melt into a charging barrel 10, allowing the alloy melt to enter a cross gate 8 under the action of the pressure of a punch, forming semisolid slurry through the chilling action of a circulating cooling water channel 11 at the bottom of the cross gate, then forming in a forming cavity through an inner gate to complete the integration of semisolid slurry preparation and forming, and obtaining an Al-25% alloy semisolid casting, wherein as shown in figure 5, the structure which is not treated by circulating cooling water is irregular in shape, thick in structure, fine in structure crystal grains which are treated by semisolid state, and regular in shape.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a rheological extrusion casting slurrying integration mould, a serial communication port is including last mould (6), lower mould (3), feed cylinder (10) of lower mould (3) are seted up in the centre of lower mould, cross gate (8) are seted up and are linked to each other with feed cylinder (10) in the feed cylinder both sides, it cooperatees and forms one-tenth die cavity (2) to go up recess on mould (6) and lower mould (3), it links to each other with cross gate (8) through interior runner (1) to become die cavity (2), set up circulative cooling water passageway (11) in the below of cross gate (8), cooling water passway mouth (9) are circular threaded hole, as the water inlet, drift (7) link to each other with base (5) through ejector pin (4), base (5) are fixed subaerial, drift (7) set up in feed cylinder (10) and can pass, stretch out the lower mould upper surface.
2. The rheologically-extruding, casting, pulping and forming integrated die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the circulating cooling water channel (11) and the cross runner (8) is 1-2 cm.
3. The rheologically-extruding, casting, pulping and forming integrated die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the circulating cooling water channel (11) is consistent with the inner diameter of the cross runner (8) and is 1-2 cm.
4. A rheologic extrusion casting pulping and forming integrated method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) alloy smelting is carried out in an intermediate frequency furnace, when the temperature of an alloy melt is higher than the liquidus temperature by more than 80 ℃, the alloy melt is transferred into a crucible, the alloy melt is refined and subjected to slag skimming, then the temperature is kept for 30-40 min, and the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature;
(2) brushing a die coating on a rheologic extrusion casting die, and then preheating to 195-205 ℃;
(3) opening a switch of circulating cooling water one minute before the alloy melt is poured into the charging barrel (10) to ensure that the temperature of the cross pouring gate (8) is reduced;
(4) pouring the alloy melt into a charging barrel (10), allowing the alloy melt to enter a cross pouring gate (8) under the pressure action of a punch (7), forming semi-solid slurry under the chilling action of a circulating cooling water channel (11), and forming in a forming cavity (2) through an inner pouring gate (1) to finish the semi-solid pulping and forming integration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110258780.XA CN112935218A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method and mould |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110258780.XA CN112935218A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method and mould |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112935218A true CN112935218A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| CN202110258780.XA Pending CN112935218A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Rheologic extrusion casting pulping forming integrated method and mould |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160228946A1 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2016-08-11 | Tohoku University | Semisolid casting and forging device and method, and cast and forged product |
| CN106955985A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-07-18 | 中北大学 | A kind of secondary Compound Extrusion casting method of aluminium alloy semi-solid |
| CN107350453A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-17 | 中北大学 | Magnesium alloy casting semi-solid composite extrusion casting molding method |
| CN108067600A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 机械科学研究总院（将乐）半固态技术研究所有限公司 | A kind of reho-forming method of high efficiency, low cost manufacture semisolid Al-Si line aluminium alloy casting |
| CN108262455A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | A kind of integrated reho-forming method for manufacturing high-quality semi-solid light alloy casting |
| CN110355343A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 王声华 | A kind of intracavitary molding die of semi-solid-state metal type and technique |
-
2021
- 2021-03-10 CN CN202110258780.XA patent/CN112935218A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160228946A1 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2016-08-11 | Tohoku University | Semisolid casting and forging device and method, and cast and forged product |
| CN108067600A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 机械科学研究总院（将乐）半固态技术研究所有限公司 | A kind of reho-forming method of high efficiency, low cost manufacture semisolid Al-Si line aluminium alloy casting |
| CN108262455A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | A kind of integrated reho-forming method for manufacturing high-quality semi-solid light alloy casting |
| CN106955985A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-07-18 | 中北大学 | A kind of secondary Compound Extrusion casting method of aluminium alloy semi-solid |
| CN107350453A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-17 | 中北大学 | Magnesium alloy casting semi-solid composite extrusion casting molding method |
| CN110355343A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 王声华 | A kind of intracavitary molding die of semi-solid-state metal type and technique |
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