CN112935162A - Method for selectively lubricating and forming large-scale aluminum alloy edge strip type forge piece - Google Patents
Method for selectively lubricating and forming large-scale aluminum alloy edge strip type forge piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN112935162A CN112935162A CN202110127957.2A CN202110127957A CN112935162A CN 112935162 A CN112935162 A CN 112935162A CN 202110127957 A CN202110127957 A CN 202110127957A CN 112935162 A CN112935162 A CN 112935162A
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- lubricating
- forging
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- area
- forming
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004141 dimensional analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material forming, and discloses a method for forming a large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forging by selective lubrication. The method comprises the following steps: a. determining the structure of a forge piece, the structure of a blank and a forging die; b. simulating the metal flowing trend in the process of forming a forging from a blank by software to obtain a corresponding shunting area of the rib on the die; c. determining a shunting area on the die as a lubricating area, and lubricating the lubricating area by using a lubricating material to ensure that the friction coefficient of the lubricating area is lower than that of other areas of the die; d. and (3) placing the blank into a die for forging and pressing, and stopping after a set reduction is reached. The invention fully utilizes the metal flowing rule, leads the metal to flow by pertinently changing the roughness, realizes the preferential forming of the position difficult to form, realizes the method for simultaneously forming the forge piece and fully utilizes the equipment capacity. The method has the advantages of simpler operation, less forging time and stable and reliable forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material forming, in particular to a method for forming a large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forging by selective lubrication.
Background
The large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forging is generally a flange strip forging with the length of more than 5m, for example, the large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forging shown in fig. 1 is arc-shaped, the length can reach 6m, the width is about 0.8m, high ribs are distributed in the middle of a concave surface, the width of each rib can reach 0.1m, and the width of each rib is 0.04 m. For a large aluminum alloy die forging with a projection area of nearly 5m2, a phenomenon that a large amount of flash is not formed usually occurs, and mainly the middle ribs are not formed. And the projected area directly caused by the flowing-out of the flash is further increased, and the load is sharply increased and exceeds the limit of the equipment. The method mainly adopts a sectional hot forming mode at present, reduces the contact area of pressing each time by pressing for multiple times in a sectional manner, continues to press downwards to enable fins to form larger resistance, and ensures rib forming. However, the method has the disadvantages of high operation difficulty, long forging time and obvious transition zone characteristics caused by segmentation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for selectively lubricating and forming large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forgings, and effectively improving the forming quality of the large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forgings.
The invention discloses a method for selectively lubricating and forming a large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip type forging, wherein the forging is provided with ribs, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. determining the structure of a forge piece, the structure of a blank and a forging die;
b. simulating the metal flowing trend in the process of forming a forging from a blank by software to obtain a corresponding shunting area of the rib on the die;
c. determining a shunting area on the die as a lubricating area, and lubricating the lubricating area by using a lubricating material to ensure that the friction coefficient of the lubricating area is lower than that of other areas of the die;
d. and (3) placing the blank into a die for forging and pressing, and stopping after a set reduction is reached.
Preferably, in the step b, a T-shaped section of the corresponding rib of the forge piece is intercepted, a shunting line of the metal flowing trend on the section is identified through two-dimensional simulation on the die, and a shunting area is determined according to the shunting line and the direction of the rib.
Preferably, in the step a, the surface of the forging with the ribs is designed on a lower die of the die.
Preferably, in the step c, a lubricating film matched with the lubricating area is cut out to be used as a lubricating material, and the lubricating film is laid in the lubricating area, so that the metal fluidity of the lubricating area is stronger than that of other areas.
Preferably, in the step c, the die is preheated, the die is installed on a press after being preheated, and then the lubricating material is arranged in the lubricating area.
Preferably, in the step d, after the upper die contacts the blank, uniform deceleration is adopted for pressing.
Preferably, in the step d, the pressing is carried out at a uniform deceleration of 2mm/s to 0.5 mm/s.
Preferably, the forging is integrally pressed down to be formed in one step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method fully utilizes the metal flowing rule, leads the metal to flow by pertinently changing the roughness, realizes the preferential forming of the position difficult to form, realizes the method for simultaneously forming the forge piece and fully utilizes the equipment capability. The method has the advantages of simpler operation, less forging time and stable and reliable forming.
Drawings
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a large aluminum alloy rim strip type forging;
FIG. 1B is a view from the A direction of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold depicting a parting line;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lubrication area being coated with a lubrication film;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blank being placed directly on the lower mold;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of integral one-step downward pressing forming of a large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip forging.
Reference numerals: the forging die comprises a forging 1, ribs 11, a rough blank 2, a lower die 3, an upper die 4, a lubricating film 5 and a shunt line 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below.
The invention discloses a method for selectively lubricating and forming a large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip type forging piece, which is provided with ribs, and comprises the following steps:
a. determining the structure of a forge piece, the structure of a blank and a forging die;
b. simulating the metal flowing trend in the process of forming a forging from a blank by software to obtain a corresponding shunting area of the rib on the die;
c. determining a shunting area on the die as a lubricating area, and lubricating the lubricating area by using a lubricating material to ensure that the friction coefficient of the lubricating area is lower than that of other areas of the die;
d. and (3) placing the blank into a die for forging and pressing, and stopping after a set reduction is reached.
The method comprises the steps of designing a pre-forging die and a finish forging die, designing a pre-forging section and a blank, wherein the blank is the blank in the step a in the previous step, the pre-forging section is the forging in the step a in the previous step, the final forging section is the forging in the step a in the previous step, and the finish forging section is the forging in the step a in the previous step. Whether formed in one step or in stages, the blank is usually in a regular rectangular parallelepiped structure. The method has more remarkable advantages particularly in the forged piece formed in one step.
The flow trend of forged metal can be analyzed through software simulation, specifically, simulation analysis can be performed by adopting software such as transformator form and deform, and a shunting area corresponding to the ribs on the die can be obtained through the simulation analysis, namely, the metal in the area can flow into the area of the ribs corresponding to the die. The shunting area does not necessarily need to be delineated on the die as long as the area can be determined so that it can be lubricated subsequently.
The split flow region is defined as a lubricating material, and the roughness of the region is reduced by the lubricating material, so that the friction coefficient of the lubricating region is lower than that of other regions of the die, and the region is preferentially formed by making the metal more fluid. It should be noted that other regions of the mold may be provided with the lubricant according to actual requirements, as long as the metal fluidity of the shunting region is ensured to be stronger. The lubricating material can be realized by paving a lubricating film or spraying a lubricating agent and the like. After the lubricating area is specially lubricated, the forging can be carried out according to a set forging mode.
In the step b of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the T-shaped section of the corresponding rib of the forging is intercepted, the shunting line of the metal flowing trend on the section is identified through two-dimensional simulation on the die, and the shunting line is extended to two ends of the rib along the trend of the rib to determine the shunting area. The analysis efficiency can be greatly improved by adopting the two-dimensional analysis of the cross section and determining the shunting area in a manner of scribing along the trend of the ribs, for example, the analysis is carried out by Deform software in the manner, and the calculation process only takes 3 min.
In order to further improve the forming effect of the ribs, in the step a of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface of the forging with the ribs is designed on the lower die of the die.
The lubrication mode of the lubrication area can adopt various existing modes, in the step c of the preferred embodiment of the invention, a lubrication film matched with the lubrication area is cut out to be used as a lubrication material, and the lubrication film is laid in the lubrication area, so that the metal fluidity of the lubrication area is stronger than that of other areas. If the rib is designed on the lower die, the laying of the lubricating film is more facilitated, and if the rib is designed on the upper die, the lubricating film can be fixed in a bonding mode and the like. The lubricating film is more uniform and stable relative to the spraying lubricating material, and the lubricating effect is also higher. The die is usually preheated before forging, the die is mounted on a press after being preheated, and then a lubricating material is arranged in a lubricating area.
The pressing speed during forging may be the same as the current practice, however, uniform reduction is preferred in the present invention, for example, the pressing speed may be 2mm/s to 0.5 mm/s. Along with the increase of the contact area, the load is increased steeply, the deformation resistance of the material in the forming process can be reduced by uniform deceleration pressing, the increase rate of the load is delayed, and the equipment capacity is utilized to a greater extent.
The present invention will be described more specifically by way of an example.
The profile of the forging 1 in the example is 5600X 740X 150mm, wherein the web plate thickness is 92mm, the rib 11 thickness is 80mm, the rib 11 width is 60mm, the rib 11 concave fillet radius is 20mm, the forging 1 radian is 18987mm, and the forging 1 net projection area is 4.08m2. As shown in fig. 1A and 1B.
The 740 mm by 150mm section is cut out, and the shunt line 6 is determined by numerical simulation calculation, and the position of the shunt line 6 is 30mm away from the rib 11130 mm. And adjusting the contact friction coefficient between the dies at the positions of 130mm on the two sides of the rib 11 and the forging 1 to 0.15, and determining the forging stock specification required by the forming of the forging 1 to be 5600 multiplied by 720 multiplied by 120mm through forming simulation.
The die was scored 130mm from the two sides of the rib 11 to define a lubricated zone having a width of 320mm, as shown in figure 2.
Cutting into a 6000 × 320mm lubricating film 5 for later use.
The prepared 6000 x 320mm specification lubricating film 5 is laid into the cavity of the lower die 3 along the lubricating area identification line. As shown in fig. 3.
The preheated rough blank 2 is taken out of the special aluminum alloy electric furnace and is directly placed at a designated position, the rough blank 2 is in contact with the lubricating film 5 at the position of 130mm left and right of the rib 11, and the rest positions are in direct contact with the die. As shown in fig. 4.
And pressing the upper die 4, uniformly decelerating and pressing at the speed of 2mm/s to 0.5mm/s after contacting the blank, and stopping according to the set pressing amount. As shown in fig. 5.
Claims (8)
1. The method for selectively lubricating and forming the large-scale aluminum alloy flange strip type forging is characterized in that the forging is provided with ribs, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. determining the structure of a forge piece, the structure of a blank and a forging die;
b. simulating the metal flowing trend in the process of forming a forging from a blank by software to obtain a corresponding shunting area of the rib on the die;
c. determining a shunting area on the die as a lubricating area, and lubricating the lubricating area by using a lubricating material to ensure that the friction coefficient of the lubricating area is lower than that of other areas of the die;
d. and (3) placing the blank into a die for forging and pressing, and stopping after a set reduction is reached.
2. The method for selectively lubricating and forming large aluminum alloy rim strip forgings as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and b, intercepting the T-shaped section of the corresponding rib of the forge piece, identifying a shunting line of the metal flowing trend on the section on the die through two-dimensional simulation, and determining a shunting area according to the shunting line and the direction of the rib.
3. The method for selectively lubricating and forming large aluminum alloy rim strip forgings as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a, designing one surface of the forging with the ribs on a lower die of the die.
4. The method for selectively lubricating and forming a large aluminum alloy rim strip forging as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: and c, cutting out a lubricating film matched with the lubricating area as a lubricating material, and paving the lubricating film in the lubricating area to ensure that the metal fluidity of the lubricating area is stronger than that of other areas.
5. The method for selectively lubricating and forming a large aluminum alloy rim strip forging as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: and c, preheating the die, mounting the die on a press after preheating, and then arranging a lubricating material in a lubricating area.
6. The method for selectively lubricating and forming large aluminum alloy rim strip forgings as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and d, after the upper die contacts the blank, pressing by adopting uniform deceleration.
7. The method for selectively lubricating and forming large aluminum alloy rim strip forgings as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and d, uniformly reducing and pressing according to the speed of 2mm/s to 0.5 mm/s.
8. The method of selectively lubricating a large aluminum alloy rim strip forging of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the large-scale aluminum alloy edge strip forging is integrally pressed down and formed at one time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110127957.2A CN112935162A (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Method for selectively lubricating and forming large-scale aluminum alloy edge strip type forge piece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110127957.2A CN112935162A (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Method for selectively lubricating and forming large-scale aluminum alloy edge strip type forge piece |
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| CN112935162A true CN112935162A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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Inventor after: Cui Mingliang Inventor after: Li Haitao Inventor after: Gao Lei Inventor after: Zhang Peng Inventor after: Yang Xi Inventor after: Liu Juan Inventor before: Liu Juan Inventor before: Zhang Peng Inventor before: Yang Xi Inventor before: Gao Lei Inventor before: Cui Mingliang |