CN112932734A - 具有扩展的焦深的眼科镜片 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本公开涉及具有扩展的焦深的眼科镜片。在某些实施例中,一种眼科镜片(100)包括光学器件(102),该光学器件具有前表面(14)、后表面(106)和光轴(108)。该前表面和该后表面中至少一者包括:第一区(112),该第一区从该光轴延伸到第一径向边界;以及第二区(114),该第二区从该第一径向边界延伸到该光学器件的边缘。该第一区包括由相移特征部(120)分开的内区域(116)和外区域(118),该相移特征部包括从该内区域和该外区域向外延伸的脊。
Description
本申请是申请日为2017年2月15日,申请号为201780011250.7,发明名称为“具有扩展的焦深的眼科镜片”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本披露总体上涉及眼科镜片,并且更具体地涉及具有扩展的焦深的眼科镜片。
背景技术
人工晶状体(IOL)在白内障手术过程中常规地植入患者的眼睛内以替换天然晶状体。天然晶状体的光焦度在睫状肌的影响下能够变化,从而提供调节以便观看距离眼睛不同距离的物体。然而,许多IOL提供单焦焦度而没有提供调节。多焦IOL还已知的是提供远光焦度以及近光焦度(例如,通过采用衍射结构),由此提供一定拟调节度。然而,仍然需要能够提供拟调节光焦度的经改进的IOL。
发明内容
本披露总体上涉及眼科镜片(例如,IOL),这些眼科镜片提供(1)瞳孔区域内的多相移的受控变化以扩展焦深以及(2)该瞳孔区域的中心子区域中的角度调整以使离焦曲线移位和使得中距矫正与远矫正之间的能量再平衡。在某些实施例中,一种眼科镜片包括光学器件,该光学器件具有前表面、后表面和光轴。该前表面和该后表面中至少一者包括:第一区,该第一区从该光轴延伸到第一径向边界;以及第二区,该第二区从该第一径向边界延伸到该光学器件的边缘。该第一区包括由相移特征部分开的内区域和外区域,该相移特征部包括从该内区域和该外区域向外延伸的脊。
附图说明
为了更加完整地理解本披露及其优点,现在参考结合附图进行的以下说明,在这些附图中相同的参考数字指示相同的特征,并且在附图中:
图1A-1B展示了根据本披露的某些实施例的具有扩展的焦深的人工晶状体的实例实施例;
图2展示了根据本披露的某些实施例的具有相同基础曲率的内区和外区的示例性光学器件的表面凹陷相对距离光轴的径向距离的图;
图3展示了根据本披露的某些实施例与标准非球面光学器件的离焦图相比的图2中所描绘的光学器件表面轮廓的离焦图;
图4展示了根据本披露的某些实施例的具有不同基础曲率的内区和外区的示例性光学器件的表面凹陷相对距离光轴的径向距离的图;并且
图5展示了根据本披露的某些实施例与图2中描绘的光学器件的离焦图相比的图4中所描绘的光学器件表面轮廓的离焦图。
本领域的技术人员将理解的是,下述附图仅出于说明目的。这些附图不旨在以任何方式限制申请人的披露内容的范围。
具体实施方式
本披露总体上涉及一种眼科镜片(如IOL),该眼科镜片具有一种表面轮廓,该表面轮廓以扩展焦深的方式产生穿过镜片的不同区域的光波的相移的受控变化。在以下描述中,结合人工晶状体(IOL)描述了提供扩展的焦深的镜片特征。然而,本披露设想到的那些特征还可以应用于其他眼科镜片,如接触镜片。如在此使用的,术语人工晶状体(及其缩写IOL)用于描述植入眼睛内部来替换眼睛的天然晶状体或以其他方式增强视力的镜片,而不管天然晶状体是否移除。
图1A-1B展示了根据本披露的某些实施例的具有扩展的焦深的人工晶状体100的实例实施例;IOL 100包括光学器件102,该光学器件包括围绕光轴OA 108布置的前表面104和后表面106。IOL 100可以进一步包括多个触觉件110,这些触觉件通常可操作用于将IOL100定位在患者的眼睛的囊袋内并使其稳定。
如图1A中所示,光学器件102的前表面104包括:第一区112,该第一区从光轴108延伸到第一径向边界;以及第二区114,该第二区从该第一径向边界延伸到光学器件102的边缘。此外,第一区112可以包括由相移特征部120分开的内区域116和外区域118。一般,光学器件102的上述表面特征可以产生不同量的、穿过光学器件102的光波相移(取决于光波穿过的光学器件102的区域),并且具有不同相移量的光波之间的结构干涉可以产生扩展的焦深。尽管上述第一和第二区112、114被描绘和描述成位于光学器件102的前表面104上,但本披露设想到第一和第二区112、114可以另外或可替代地位于光学器件102的后表面106上。
在某些实施例中,相移特征部120可以包括从光学器件102的前表面104在前面突出的脊。因此,从光轴108向外径向移动,相移特征部120可以产生两个相移阶梯。例如,第一区的表面轮廓可以由以下方程限定:
Z第一区=Z基础+Z2ps 方程(1)
在方程(1)中,根据以下方程,Z基础可以限定第一区的基础凹陷轮廓:
其中,
r是距离光轴108的径向距离;
c是第一区112的基础曲率;
k是圆锥常数;并且
a2、a4、a6...以及an对应地是第二、第四、第六...第n阶系数。
在某些实施例中,限定Z基础的方程可以仅包括第二、第四、和第六阶系数。换言之,根据以下方程,Z基础可以限定第一区的基础凹陷轮廓:
尽管方程(2)和方程(3)总体上限定了非球面表面轮廓,但本披露设想到包括在那些方程中的常数可以被选择成使得它们限定球面轮廓。换言之,第一区的基础曲率(Z基础)可以是球面的或非球面的。
在方程(1)中,Z2ps可以添加到基础凹陷轮廓(Z基础)上并且可以部分地限定相移区域120的特征。例如,Z2ps可以由以下方程限定:
式中,
r是距离光轴108的径向距离;
r0是光轴108;
内区域116从光轴108延伸到r1
相移特征部120从r1延伸到r4;
外区域118从r4延伸到r5;
Δ1是相移特征部120相对于内区域116的阶梯高度;并且
Δ2是相移特征部相对于外区域118的阶梯高度。
由方程(1)-(4)限定的光学器件102的总体表面轮廓可以用图形方式表示为凹陷对比距离光轴108的径向距离的图,如图2中所示。在图2的图中,已经通过去除Z基础的贡献来标准化凹陷值(即,标绘的凹陷值仅对应于Z2ps)。此外,在图2的图中,凹陷轮廓对于第一区112和第二区114而言是一致的。换言之,假设方程(1)限定整个光学器件102的表面轮廓而非仅限定第一区112(意味着在方程(4)中,r5对应于整个光学器件102的半径)。
图3展示了根据本披露的某些实施例与标准非球面光学器件(即,具有仅由方程(3)(Z基础)限定而不添加方程(4)(Z2ps)的表面轮廓的光学器件)的离焦图相比的图2中所描绘的光学器件表面轮廓的离焦图。如所展示的,对图2中描绘的表面轮廓加以添加(包括Z2ps表示的相移特征部120)导致与标准非球面镜片相比产生更宽的焦深。
在某些实施例中,基础凹陷轮廓可以对于第一区112和第二区114而言不同。例如,光学器件102的表面轮廓可以由以下方程限定:
Z光学器件=Z基础+Z2ps 方程(5)
式中,
r是距离光轴108的径向距离;
r0是光轴108;
第一区112从光轴108延伸到r5,其中内区域116从光轴108延伸到r1,相移特征部120从r1延伸到r4,并且外区域118从r4延伸到r5;
第二区114从r5延伸到r6;
c是第一区112的基础曲率;
k是第一区112的圆锥常数;并且
a2、a4和a6对应地是第一区112的第二、第四、和第六阶系数;
c’是第二区114的基础曲率;
k’是第二区114的圆锥常数;并且
a2’、a4’和a6对应地是第二区114的第二、第四、和第六阶系数;
Δ1是相移特征部120相对于内区域116的阶梯高度;并且
Δ2是相移特征部120相对于外区域118的阶梯高度。
尽管以上方程(6)中限定的基础轮廓仅包括第二、第四、和第六阶系数,但本披露设想到那些基础轮廓可以可替代地被限定为包括任何合适数量的更高阶系数(如在方程(1)中)。
因为第一区112和第二区114具有不同的基础凹陷轮廓,Δ3(如方程(8)中所定义)可以提供第一区112与第二区114之间的平滑过渡。例如,第一区112可以被修改为不同的基础曲率(c)、圆锥常数(k)、和/或与第二区114相比更高阶系数(a2、a4、a6),以便与图3中描绘的离焦曲线相比使离焦曲线朝近视方向移位。图4展示了根据本披露的某些实施例的具有由方程(5)至(8)限定的表面轮廓的光学器件102的表面凹陷对比距离光轴的径向距离的图。图4中标绘的表面轮廓采取以下值:
表1
仅是出于示例性目的提供表1中所列的值并且本披露设想到这些值中的每个值可以具有一系列不同的值。作为实例,本披露设想到r1可以落入0.3mm到0.7mm范围内,r4落入0.8mm到1.2mm范围内,r1与r2之间的距离可以落在0mm到0.2mm范围内,并且r3与r4之间的距离可以落在0mm到0.2mm范围内。作为额外实例,本披露设想到Δ1可以落在-1.5μm与-0.5μm范围内,并且Δ2可以落在0.3μm与0.9μm范围内。
图5展示了根据本披露的某些实施例与图2中描绘的光学器件的离焦图相比的图4中所描绘的光学器件表面轮廓的离焦图;如以上所讨论的,将第一区112修改为不同的基础曲率、圆锥常数、和/或更高阶系数(1)再平衡了中距矫正与远矫正之间的能量,并且(2)与第一区112和第二区114具有相同基础曲率的光学器件的离焦曲线相比使离焦曲线朝近视方向(近目标方向)移位。
各种技术和材料可以用于制造上述IOL 100。例如,IOL 100的光学器件102可以由各种生物相容聚合物材料形成。一些合适的生物相容材料包括但不限于软丙烯酸类聚合物、水凝胶、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚砜、聚苯乙烯、纤维素、醋酸丁酸盐、或其他生物相容材料。通过实例方式,在一个实施例中,光学器件102可以由通常被称为人工晶体(Acrysof)的软丙烯酸类聚合物(2-苯乙基丙烯酸酯与2-苯乙基甲基丙烯酸酯的交联共聚物)形成。IOL100的触觉件104也可以由合适的生物相容材料形成,如以上讨论的那些。虽然在一些情况下,IOL的光学器件102和触觉件104可以被制造为整合单元,但在一些情况下,它们可以单独形成或利用本领域已知技术连结在一起。
将认识到,各种以上披露的和其他的特征和功能、及其替代方案可以令人期望地组合到许多其他不同的系统或应用中。还将认识到其中各种目前没有看到或未预期到的替代方案、修改、变化或改进可以后续由本领域的技术人员做出,这些替代方案、修改、变化或改进还旨在被以下权利要求书所涵盖。
Claims (6)
1.一种眼科镜片,包括:
光学器件,所述光学器件包括表面,所述表面具有第一区、第二区和所述第一区内的相移特征部;
其中所述相移特征部被配置为产生通过所述光学器件的光波的不同量的相移,使得具有不同量的相移的光波之间的结构干涉提供扩展的焦深。
2.如权利要求1所述的眼科镜片,其中所述相移特征部包括从所述光学器件的前表面向前突出的脊。
3.如权利要求1所述的眼科镜片,其中所述第一区和所述第二区具有不同的非球面轮廓。
4.一种眼科镜片,包括:
光学器件,所述光学器件包括表面和光轴,所述表面包括:
第一区,从光轴延伸到第一径向边界,所述第一区具有第一基础曲率;
第二区,从第一径向边界延伸到所述光学器件的边缘,所述第二区具有第二基础曲率;以及
所述第一区内的相移特征部,所述相移特征部被配置为产生通过所述光学器件的光波的不同量的相移,
其中,所述第一区的第一基础曲率被配置为在近视方向上提供增加的聚焦范围。
5.权利要求4所述的眼科镜片,其中所述第一基础曲率包括第一球面轮廓,所述第二基础曲率包括第二球面轮廓。
6.权利要求4所述的眼科镜片,其中所述第一基础曲率和所述第二基础曲率具有不同的非球面轮廓。
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