CN112932659A - Microwave ablation electrode needle and ablation system thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a microwave ablation electrode needle and an ablation system thereof, which comprise a needle body, and mainly comprise an outer tube, an inner tube, a coaxial cable and a metal radiation head, wherein the inner tube and the coaxial cable penetrate into the outer tube; the handle is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the outer pipe and used for supporting; the temperature detection module is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe and used for monitoring the water temperature at the cooling water outlet of the inner pipe; and I D an identification module communicatively coupled to the generator; according to the invention, through improvement and optimization of the electrode needle and the microwave generator, faster ablation efficiency, predictable ablation shape and size and more accurate ablation are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a microwave ablation electrode needle and an ablation system thereof.
Background
The clinical application of ablation has been about 20 years, and among numerous ablation means, microwave ablation is mainly used for treating parenchymal organ tumors, heart diseases, blood vessel diseases and the like because of simple principle and convenient operation.
Microwave ablation systems typically include a microwave generator, a cooling system, disposable electrodes, and three main components. A microwave generator: the power energy required by the product system and the control and monitoring of the working state of the ablation system are the core of the whole system. A cooling system: the microwave ablation system delivers high power, typically 50-150W, during the actual ablation procedure, which is transmitted through a thin coaxial cable, with substantial heat loss during transmission, resulting in a sharp increase in the temperature of the transmission cable, and a cooling system for cooling the cable temperature. A disposable electrode: the part is usually designed according to the actual ablation site, and different needle designs are matched with different application scenes.
However, the microwave ablation system in the prior art has the following technical defects in the practical application process:
1. the length of the antenna radiation area corresponding to the low-frequency ablation system is too long, and referring to fig. 1, the low-frequency ablation system is inconvenient to apply to a small-target ablation area in the actual use process, so that no forward rush is easily caused, and bad cells in the ablation area are planted in other areas.
2. Ablation is inefficient, and traditional ablation system for satisfy the short requirement of customer to the radiation zone, adopts to make the electrode short, and does not improve the generator, leads to generator power generation energy frequency channel to be low, and the electrode subtracts the weak point, and resonant frequency is high to host computer and electrode mismatch, system efficiency reduces, and the system is unstable in the use, and it is not good to melt the effect.
3. The ablation system is not stable enough, the ablation range is not controllable, and the system can not realize accurate ablation.
Disclosure of Invention
Solves the technical problem
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a microwave ablation electrode needle and an ablation system thereof, which realize faster ablation efficiency, predictable ablation shape and size and realize more accurate ablation by improving and optimizing the electrode needle and a microwave generator.
Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a microwave ablation electrode needle, which comprises a needle body, and mainly comprises an outer tube, an inner tube, a coaxial cable and a metal radiation head, wherein the inner tube and the coaxial cable penetrate into the outer tube; the handle is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the outer pipe and used for supporting; the temperature detection module is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe and used for monitoring the water temperature at the cooling water outlet of the inner pipe; and the ID identification module is in communication connection with the generator, sends an ID password in the ID identification module to the generator after acquiring an access request of the generator, and the generator identifies the ID password to acquire the needle type information of the corresponding electrode needle.
The invention provides a microwave ablation system, which comprises the electrode needle and a microwave generator, wherein the electrode needle and the microwave generator are provided in any one of the following embodiments, the microwave generator comprises a signal source, the signal source is used for generating a pulse signal of a 5G frequency band, and a phase-locked loop is arranged for locking the frequency; the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the pulse signal and carrying out microwave output through the coupler; and the negative feedback dynamic regulation unit and the input side and the output side of the power amplification module form a closed loop, so that the output power is always kept in a set value range. The device also comprises a processor for controlling and monitoring the microwave generator, wherein the processor is provided with an optimization algorithm module, and the optimization algorithm module can automatically adjust the mode of outputting with optimal power after identifying the needle type information of the electrode needle.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the outer tube is 1.47mm, the main body is made of medical stainless steel, and the outer layer of the outer tube is coated with an ultrathin anti-bonding sleeve.
Furthermore, the ID identification module is an encryption chip, is integrated in the electrode pin connector and is in serial communication with the generator through a multi-core cable.
Furthermore, the temperature detection module is a thermal resistor, the detection end of the thermal resistor is inserted into the cooling water outlet of the inner pipe, and the resistance signal value converted by the temperature change is displayed by an external computer.
Furthermore, the power amplification module adopts a solid power amplification tube, a high-efficiency power amplification function is achieved through multi-stage cascade connection, and the processor adopts an embedded single chip microcomputer.
Furthermore, the negative feedback dynamic adjusting unit comprises a comparator and an attenuator, wherein the comparator is used for monitoring the power of the dynamic output port of the coupler, and when the output power deviates from a set value, the attenuation amount is dynamically adjusted through a negative feedback closed loop, so that the output power is always kept within +/-10% of the set value.
Furthermore, the optimization algorithm module controls the output power in real time through PID operation and Fuzzy control, and ensures that the output power is stable and reliable.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a microwave ablation electrode needle and an ablation system thereof, compared with the prior art, the microwave ablation electrode needle has the following beneficial effects:
1. the microwave generator adopts a pulse signal with a 5G frequency band, the initiated 5G microwave ablation system solves the problem of accurate ablation, the ablation speed is faster than that of the traditional 2.45GHz and 915GHz systems, and the ablation time can be shortened by more than one third. Meanwhile, the electrodes and the generator are integrally optimized, a microwave amplifier module is designed by using the latest solid power amplifier tube, and the microwave power of 100W continuous waves can be maximally output in a 5G frequency band by using the design of a multi-stage amplifier. After the embedded software algorithm of the system is optimized, an ID recognition module is designed in the electrode needle, the model number of the electrode needle inserted into the system can be intelligently recognized, the system automatically adjusts the power output mode according to the recognized electrode, the mode of automatically adjusting the power output according to the actual application of ablation, such as peak value, duty ratio, pulse width, time sequence and the like, is achieved, and the optimal ablation effect is achieved.
2. Aiming at the clinical requirement of short radiation area, the invention is applied to the dangerous part with the radiation area less than 2cm and the ablation area less than 1.2cm, and can solve the risk of planting in the traditional scheme.
3. The system algorithm is optimized, the power output mode is intelligently adjusted, and according to the selected needle type adjustment, when the peak power is 100W, the pulse width of the output power is adjusted by the algorithm, so that the clinical application requirements of high-power output, large ablation range and no carbonization can be met; and the maximum ablation area can be controlled, and accurate ablation can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of ablation zone formation for a prior art low frequency ablation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the electrode needle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a needle body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the formation of ablation regions in the 5G band according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the ID identification module communication connection of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of the ablation system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of automatic power adjustment of the ablation system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the automatic power adjustment of the ablation system of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1-a needle body; 2-a handle; 3-ID identification module; 4-a temperature detection module; 5-a metal radiation head; 6-a generator; 101-an outer tube; 102-an inner tube; 103-coaxial cable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
an aspect of the present embodiment provides a microwave ablation electrode needle, and with reference to fig. 2 to 3: the needle body comprises a needle body 1 and mainly comprises an outer tube 101, an inner tube 102, a coaxial cable 103 and a metal radiation head 5, wherein the inner tube 102 and the coaxial cable 103 penetrate into the outer tube 101, the metal radiation head 5 is arranged at the front end of the outer tube 101, the inner tube 102 is used for bearing a cooling circulation water path, and two ends of the coaxial cable 103 are respectively connected with the metal radiation head 5 and a generator 6 for generating microwaves; and a handle 2, wherein the handle 2 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the outer tube 101 and is used for supporting.
Wherein, the front end of the outer tube 101 is bonded with the ceramic needle, and the rear end is connected with the handle 2. The outer layer of the outer tube 101 is wrapped with an ultra-thin anti-sticking sleeve. The tail of the inner pipe 102 is connected with the handle 2, and mainly isolates the hot water from the cold water in the cooling circulation. The tail part of the coaxial cable 103 is connected with the handle 2, the front end of the coaxial cable is connected with the microwave antenna, a choke coil is sleeved at a position which is away from the microwave antenna by a certain distance, and the part is formed by plating a metal conducting layer on the surface of a thin-wall non-metal tube and then thermally shrinking the thin-wall non-metal tube on the coaxial cable 103, so that the backward divergence of electromagnetic waves can be restrained, and the shape of an ablation area tends to be circular. The inner components of the needle body 1 and the connection between the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102 and the handle 2 are the same as those in the prior art, and are not described herein.
In the implementation, the outer diameter of the outer tube 101 is 1.47mm, the main body is made of medical stainless steel, and the outer layer of the outer tube is coated with an ultrathin anti-adhesion sleeve to prevent adhesion generated in the electrode withdrawing process after ablation. The superfine 17G electrode needle design can be used for the ablation of dangerous positions.
The electrode needle also comprises a temperature detection module 4 which is arranged at the outer side of the inner tube 102 and used for monitoring the water temperature at the cooling water outlet of the inner tube 102; in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the temperature detection module 4 is a thermal resistor, a detection end of the thermal resistor is inserted into the cooling water outlet of the inner tube 102, and a resistance signal value converted by a temperature change is displayed by an external computer. The temperature of the front end of the electrode needle is monitored by detecting the water temperature of the water outlet through the thermal resistor, so that the overhigh temperature of the front end of the electrode needle can be effectively avoided, and the scalding of peripheral skin tissues and the carbonization of the core of the ablation focus caused by high temperature are reduced.
The electrode needle type identification device further comprises an ID identification module 3, and with reference to FIG. 5, the ID identification module 3 is in communication connection with the generator 6, after acquiring an access request of the generator 6, the ID identification module sends an ID password inside the ID identification module 3 to the generator 6, and the generator 6 identifies the ID password to acquire needle type information corresponding to the electrode needle. The internal system of the generator 6 automatically sets corresponding internal system parameters according to the needle type, thereby achieving the purpose of optimizing the ablation effect.
In the implementation, the ID identification module 3 is preferably an encryption chip, integrated inside the electrode pin connector, and performs serial communication with the generator 6 through a multi-core cable, without adding an additional communication interface, thereby saving cost and facilitating application. The electrode pin connector is arranged at the tail end of the handle 2 and is used for receiving the microwave output of the generator 6 by matching with the multi-core cable.
The invention provides a microwave ablation system, which comprises the electrode needle and a microwave generator 6, wherein the electrode needle and the microwave generator 6 are provided in any one of the following embodiments, the microwave generator 6 comprises a signal source, the signal source is used for generating a pulse signal of a 5G frequency band, and a phase-locked loop is arranged for locking the frequency; the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the pulse signal and carrying out microwave output through the coupler; wherein, the signal source-the power amplifying module-the bidirectional coupler group successfully amplifies the output circuit. Referring to fig. 4, 6, 7, 5G frequency band high power small volume high efficiency microwave generator 6, the microwave generator 6 adopts solid power amplifier tube to amplify small signal to output maximum 100W, ablation speed is faster than traditional 2.45GHz,915GHz system, ablation time can be shortened by more than one third. The 5G ultrahigh frequency band microwave ablation system is conveniently applied to a small target ablation area, accurate ablation and carbonization-free center areas are realized, and the risk of planting in the traditional scheme is solved.
And the negative feedback dynamic regulation unit and the input side and the output side of the power amplification module form a closed loop, so that the output power is always kept in a set value range. The device also comprises a processor for controlling and monitoring the microwave generator 6, wherein the processor is provided with an optimization algorithm module, and the optimization algorithm module can automatically adjust the mode of outputting with optimal power after identifying the needle type information of the electrode needle.
In this embodiment, the power amplification module preferably employs a solid-state power amplifier tube, and achieves a high-efficiency power amplification function by multi-stage cascade connection, and the processor employs an embedded single chip microcomputer. The negative feedback dynamic adjusting unit comprises a comparator and an attenuator, wherein the comparator is used for monitoring the power of a dynamic output port of the coupler, and when the output power deviates from a set value, the attenuation amount is dynamically adjusted through a negative feedback closed loop, so that the output power is always kept within +/-10% of the set value.
Referring to fig. 8, firstly, parameters including electrode needle type information, a peak value of power output during initialization, a duty ratio, a pulse width and the like are collected, adaptive output power is matched according to the electrode needle type information, a deviation regulation value is formed between the output power and the parameters during initialization, an optimization algorithm module controls output power in real time through P.I.D operation and Fuzzy control, and the output power is guaranteed to be stable and reliable. The Fuzzy control combined regulation and control mode of PID operation and Fuzzy control adopts Fuzzy control when the deviation of the regulation and control value is large, the response speed is high, and the dynamic performance is good; when the deviation of the regulating value is small, PID control is adopted, so that the static performance is good, and the control precision of the system is met.
The model number of an electrode needle inserted into the system is intelligently identified after the single-chip microcomputer control and the system embedded software algorithm are optimized, the power output mode of the system is automatically adjusted according to the identified electrode, the mode of automatically adjusting the power output according to the actual application of ablation is achieved, and the parameters which are automatically adjusted comprise a peak value, a duty ratio, a pulse width, a time sequence and the like, so that the optimal ablation effect is achieved.
In practical application, the 17G disposable electrode circular ablation electrode needle can achieve the effect that the length of a radiation end is 5mm and the radiation area of the whole antenna is 12mm through system algorithm optimization and electrode needle improvement design, so that circular ablation of soft tissues with the maximum ablation range not more than 4cm can be maintained under different power time combinations. 3-5 minutes can reach a 3.5cm circular ablation zone. The clinical application requirements of high-power output, large ablation range and no carbonization can be met; and the maximum ablation area can be controlled, and accurate ablation can be realized.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A microwave ablation electrode needle, comprising:
the needle body mainly comprises an outer tube, an inner tube, a coaxial cable and a metal radiation head, wherein the inner tube and the coaxial cable penetrate into the outer tube, the metal radiation head is arranged at the front end of the outer tube, the inner tube is used for bearing a cooling circulation water path, and two ends of the coaxial cable are respectively connected with the metal radiation head and a generator used for generating microwaves;
the handle is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the outer tube and is used for supporting;
the temperature detection module is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe and used for monitoring the water temperature at the cooling water outlet of the inner pipe;
and the ID identification module is in communication connection with the generator, sends an ID password inside the ID identification module to the generator after acquiring an access request of the generator, and the generator identifies the ID password to acquire the needle type information of the corresponding electrode needle.
2. A microwave ablation electrode needle according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the outer tube is 1.47mm, the main body is made of medical stainless steel, and the outer layer of the outer tube is coated with an ultrathin anti-bonding sleeve.
3. A microwave ablation electrode needle according to claim 1, wherein the ID identification module is a cryptographic chip integrated within the electrode needle connector and in serial communication with the generator via a multi-core cable.
4. A microwave ablation electrode needle according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detection module is a thermal resistor, a detection end of the thermal resistor is inserted into a cooling water outlet of the inner tube, and a resistance signal value converted by a temperature change is displayed by an external computer.
5. A microwave ablation system comprising the electrode needle of any one of claims 1-4 and a microwave generator, the microwave generator comprising:
the signal source is used for generating a pulse signal of a 5G frequency band and is provided with a phase-locked loop for locking the frequency;
the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the pulse signal and carrying out microwave output through the coupler;
the negative feedback dynamic adjusting unit forms a closed loop with the input side and the output side of the power amplifying module to ensure that the output power is always kept within a set value range;
the device also comprises a processor for controlling and monitoring the microwave generator, wherein the processor is provided with an optimization algorithm module, and the optimization algorithm module can automatically adjust the mode of outputting with optimal power after identifying the needle type information of the electrode needle.
6. A microwave ablation system according to claim 5, wherein the power amplification module adopts a solid-state power amplification tube, the high-efficiency power amplification function is achieved through multi-stage cascade, and the processor adopts an embedded single chip microcomputer.
7. A microwave ablation system according to claim 5, wherein the negative feedback dynamic adjustment unit includes a comparator and an attenuator, the comparator is used to monitor the power at the dynamic output port of the coupler, and when the output power deviates from the set value, the attenuation is dynamically adjusted through a negative feedback closed loop so that the output power is always kept within ± 10% of the set value.
8. A microwave ablation system according to claim 1, wherein the optimization algorithm module instantly controls the output power by PID operation and Fuzzy control, so as to ensure the output power to be stable and reliable.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023070795A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | 上海美微达医疗科技有限公司 | Microwave ablation electrode device with radio-frequency needle track hemostatic function, system and method |
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