CN112931462A - Spraying and fertilizing integrated machine - Google Patents
Spraying and fertilizing integrated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112931462A CN112931462A CN201911262918.2A CN201911262918A CN112931462A CN 112931462 A CN112931462 A CN 112931462A CN 201911262918 A CN201911262918 A CN 201911262918A CN 112931462 A CN112931462 A CN 112931462A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
- A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/12—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0082—Undercarriages, frames, mountings, couplings, tanks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M9/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of powder-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M9/0053—Mechanical dusters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M9/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of powder-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M9/0084—Undercarriages, frames, couplings, tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K8/00—Arrangement or mounting of propulsion units not provided for in one of the preceding main groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
- B62D7/142—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering specially adapted for particular vehicles, e.g. tractors, carts, earth-moving vehicles, trucks
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a spraying and fertilizing integrated machine, which comprises a frame, and a travelling mechanism, a steering control mechanism, a spraying mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, an operating mechanism, a power system and a ceiling assembly which are integrated on the frame; the running mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the frame and comprise hydrostatic driving systems which can enable the frame to synchronously or differentially move on the same track; the steering control mechanism is arranged between the frame and the travelling mechanism; the spraying mechanism comprises a spray rod assembly and a medicine box assembly, and the spray rod assembly can move up and down and left and right; the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizing hopper capable of adjusting height and fertilizing amount; the operating mechanism is used for controlling the travelling mechanism, the spraying mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism; the power system provides a power source for the whole spraying and fertilizing integrated machine, and the ceiling assembly can shade the sun and keep out the wind. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, simple and convenient operation, high transmission efficiency, high reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a spraying and fertilizing integrated machine.
Background
As a plant protection machine for field management, the plant protection machine mainly adopts a mechanical gearbox and a mechanical transmission bridge walking driving mode at present, the transmission structure is complex, the speed change gear of the gearbox is fixed, the whole gear transmission level is 6-7, the total transmission efficiency is about 70%, the torque which can be transmitted by a transmission system has limitation, when the power of an engine is increased, the transmission strength of each level needs to be rechecked, otherwise, the risk of damage and failure of the transmission shaft and the gear transmission system is easy to occur.
The wheel width of the wheel used by the paddy field type plant protection machine is generally less than or equal to 200mm and is matched with the row spacing of the mechanical rice transplanter of 250mm and 300 mm; the total amount of the whole vehicle is proper within 2 tons, the vehicle trapping condition is easy to occur when the tonnage is large, once the vehicle trapping occurs, the external load of the whole vehicle is increased, and the crop loss can be caused if the tractor is adopted for extra traction when the vehicle is trapped and is removed.
The working speed of the existing self-propelled paddy field plant protection machine is less than or equal to 5Km/h, the highest transition speed is less than or equal to 10Km/h (JKB 18C for Japanese well shut), the speed is low overall, and when the distance between the current farmer contract field blocks is 10Km, the self-propelled transition needs 1h, so that the trailer is needed for transition, and the actual use cost is increased.
The engineering mechanical vehicle has more applications of adopting a hydraulic pump and a motor as a walking drive, adopts a variable pump and a variable motor, has the overall efficiency of 70-90 percent, and has overload protection on a hydraulic system, thereby avoiding failure events; simultaneously hydraulic drive system need solve the antiskid function of drive wheel, nevertheless uses more antiskid scheme at present:
1) single pump + hydraulic pressure flow divider valve (ASC accelerates anti-skidding controller, initiative stable control system), the shortcoming: 3 or more shunt valves are needed to realize accurate synchronization, and a motor with a complex system cannot integrate a flushing valve.
2) Motor zero discharge capacity prevents skidding + HIC controller, the shortcoming: signal acquisition is required and the HIC controller is costly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a spraying and fertilizing all-in-one machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a spraying and fertilizing integrated machine comprises a frame, and a travelling mechanism, a steering control mechanism, a spraying mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, an operating mechanism, a power system and a ceiling assembly which are integrated on the frame;
the running mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the frame and comprise hydrostatic driving systems which can enable the frame to synchronously or differentially move on the same track;
the steering control mechanism is arranged between the frame and the travelling mechanism;
the spraying mechanism comprises a spray rod assembly and a medicine box assembly, and the spray rod assembly can move up and down and left and right;
the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizing hopper capable of adjusting height and fertilizing amount;
the operating mechanism is used for controlling the travelling mechanism, the spraying mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism;
the power system provides a power source for the whole spraying and fertilizing integrated machine, and the ceiling assembly can shade the sun and keep out the wind.
Preferably, four walking mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on four corners of the frame, each walking mechanism comprises a supporting bridge leg, a walking motor and wheels, a compression spring is arranged in each supporting bridge leg, each supporting bridge leg is used for accommodating the walking motor, and the wheels are mounted on the walking motors.
Preferably, the wheelbase of the front and rear wheels is 1750 and 2300mm, and the vertical distance from the frame to the bottom of the wheels is 1100 and 1300 mm.
Preferably, the hydrostatic driving system comprises two variable hydraulic pumps connected in series, the traveling motor is a variable hydraulic motor, and an anti-tripping valve is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the traveling motor.
Preferably, the steering control mechanism comprises a gear pump, a steering gear, a steering control valve, a steering oil cylinder and a hydraulic oil pipe, and is used for realizing the synchronous steering function of the travelling mechanism.
Preferably, the spray rod assembly comprises an electro-hydraulic push rod, a side-spreading oil cylinder, a connecting rod assembly and a telescopic spray rod, and the telescopic spray rod can achieve the actions of telescopic adjustment, spray amplitude adjustment and lifting adjustment.
Preferably, the medicine chest assembly comprises a medicine chest connected with the spray rod assembly through a pipeline, the medicine chest is connected with a water pump, a control valve and a distributor, and a partition plate assembly is further arranged in the medicine chest and can slow down shaking impact of water in the medicine chest.
Preferably, the fertilization hopper is fixed on the lifting frame, the bottom of the fertilization hopper is sequentially provided with a centrifugal fertilizer spreading disc and a fertilizer amount adjusting cover, and a fertilizer stirrer is further arranged in the fertilization hopper.
Preferably, the control mechanism comprises a walking operation mechanism, a brake mechanism, a fertilizer spreading amount adjusting handle, an engine throttle handle, a spray rod action control switch and a light switch.
Preferably, the power system comprises an engine, a radiator and an oil circuit, and the ceiling assembly comprises a bracket, a ceiling and a windshield.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the all-in-one machine for spraying and fertilizing provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the product has the characteristics of simple structure, easy manufacture, simple and convenient operation, high transmission efficiency, high reliability and the like;
(2) the elevation angle of the product is kept at 13-16 degrees when the product passes through a ridge with the height of 500mm through the design of wheel wheelbase and frame height, the flexibility is ensured, the elevation angle or depression angle is reduced, and the stability and safety of partial ultimate driving are improved;
(3) the product has the characteristics of multiple purposes, and spray rod spraying is used for preventing plant diseases and insect pests, weeding, spraying water-soluble agents and powder such as growth regulator and the like; the fertilizer spreader is mainly used for spreading granular fertilizer, has the lifting function, can realize the quick fertilizer supplement through the lifting operation after the fertilizer bucket is emptied, and has the characteristics of simplicity and practicability;
(4) the spraying and fertilizing of the product can be adjusted, so that the spraying and fertilizing amount of the pesticide can be controlled uniformly and accurately, and the optimal effect is achieved;
(5) a transmission shaft, a gear, a gearbox and the like are omitted in the bridge frame, the weight of the whole vehicle is effectively controlled, the bridge legs are lighter than a casting structure by using a plate welding structure, and the net weight of the whole vehicle is lighter than that of the existing mechanical transmission.
(6) The four-wheel steering system is designed, the turning radius is small, the steering is flexible, the damage to crops can be reduced, and the four-wheel steering system is suitable for turning operation of most field ridge roads.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spraying and fertilizing all-in-one machine of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing of the invention when passing through a ridge of 500 mm;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spray bar assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ceiling assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hydrostatic drive system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of four wheel out-of-phase steering of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a portion of the steering control mechanism that circumscribes the steering wheel portion of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a control schematic diagram of the steering control mechanism of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a frame 1, a traveling mechanism 2, a supporting bridge leg 21, a hydraulic pump 22, a traveling motor 23, wheels 24, an anti-hitting slide valve 25, a steering control mechanism 3, a gear pump 31, a steering gear 32, a steering control valve 33, a steering oil cylinder 34, a hydraulic oil pipe 35, a spraying mechanism 4, a spray rod assembly 41, an electro-hydraulic push rod 411, a side-spreading oil cylinder 412, a connecting rod assembly 413, a telescopic spray rod 414, a medicine box assembly 42, a medicine box 421, a fertilizing mechanism 5, a fertilizing bucket 51, a lifting frame 52, a centrifugal fertilizer spreading disc 53, a fertilizer amount adjusting cover 54, an operating mechanism 6, a power system 7, a ceiling assembly 8, a support 81, a ceiling 82 and a windshield 83.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention discloses a spraying and fertilizing all-in-one machine, which comprises a frame 1, and a travelling mechanism 2, a steering control mechanism 3, a spraying mechanism 4, a fertilizing mechanism 5, an operating mechanism 6, a power system 7 and a ceiling assembly 8 which are integrated on the frame 1, wherein the travelling mechanism 2 is arranged on two sides of the bottom of the frame 1, the steering control mechanism 3 is arranged between the travelling mechanism 2 and the frame 1, the spraying mechanism 4 and the fertilizing mechanism 5 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame 1, and the longitudinal mechanism 6, the power system 7 and the ceiling assembly 8 are arranged on the upper part of the frame 1 and are positioned between the travelling mechanisms 2 on two sides.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, four traveling mechanisms 2 are arranged and symmetrically distributed on four corners of the vehicle frame 1, each traveling mechanism 2 includes a support bridge leg 21, a traveling motor 23 and a wheel 24, a compression spring is arranged in the support bridge leg 21, the support bridge leg 21 is used for accommodating the traveling motor 23, the wheel 24 is mounted on the traveling motor 23, the support bridge leg 21 can have a good vibration damping function through the arrangement of the compression spring, the wheel 24 has good adhesion, further, the axle distance of the front and rear wheels 24 is 1750-.
As shown in fig. 6, the hydrostatic drive system includes two variable hydraulic pumps 22 connected in series, the traveling motors 23 are variable hydraulic motors, the two hydraulic pumps 22 are connected with four traveling motors 23 through two anti-slip valves 25, the power of the hydraulic pumps 22 is derived from the engine of the whole vehicle, the hydraulic pumps 22 generate hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the traveling motors 23 through the pipeline and the anti-slip valves 25, specifically, the two hydraulic pumps 22 are used as hydraulic sources, and the 4 traveling motors 23 are used as a closed hydraulic circuit system formed by driving elements, and the four-wheel drive synchronous or differential same-track movement mode is realized through the control of 2 sets of anti-slip valves 25 in the pipeline of the hydraulic system: the two hydraulic pumps 22 are connected in series by two variable pumps with the same displacement, the series pumps integrate the function of a flushing valve, the oil supplementing end of each pump can provide an additional path of 2.5MPA pressure oil inlet, and the series pumps are compact in overall structure; the optimal working state of the double-variable serial pump is that the high-pressure side pressures of the front pump and the rear pump are consistent, and the working side pressures of the front pump and the rear pump are inconsistent due to the gravity center arrangement problem of the whole vehicle, so that the working of the motor is asynchronous, and the improvement method is that the working oil ports A1, A2, B1 and B2 of the pumps are connected in series by damping (1.0mm), so that the pressures of the two serial pumps are balanced under the condition of small flow compensation, and the synchronous working of the motor is realized.
The anti-slip valve 25 adopts a plug-in type flow distributing and collecting valve, and the flow distributing valve has the function of ensuring that the oil inlet and the oil outlet of each pump can be accurately (more than or equal to 95 percent) respectively distributed to 2 motors, thereby better ensuring the synchronism of the motors during working; the anti-hitting slide valve 25 integrates a plug-in type 'flow control valve' at the same time, and is a fixed pressure compensation, and a preferential type two-way flow control valve, the main function is to ensure the normal steering function of the vehicle, the compensation is realized on the basis of the shunting of the left wheel motor and the right wheel motor, the stable oil supplement amount is formed by the difference of the walking resistance (pressure) of the inner wheel and the outer wheel when the left wheel motor and the right wheel motor are in steering, and the oil supplement amount realizes the differential characteristic that the rotating speed of the outer wheel motor is higher than that of the inner wheel motor; the anti-hitting slide valve 25 is additionally integrated with an electromagnetic valve reversing valve, the electromagnetic valve reversing valve has the functions of controlling the flow control valve and opening and closing the flow control valve, and the purpose is to ensure the synchronism of the walking motor in a shunting state by forcing the flow control valve to be closed when the steering is not needed and the external load is large so as to meet the occasional walking and escaping requirements.
The hydraulic closed system loop also comprises a flushing valve, an oil cooler and an oil filter; the hot oil exchanged by the flushing valve is radiated by an oil cooler and meets the requirement of heat balance, the temperature of the hydraulic oil meets the requirement of actual use (the ambient temperature is 45 ℃, and the oil temperature is less than or equal to 86 ℃), the oil filter is a direct-return fine filter with the flow rate of 5-10 mu m of 120L/min, and the filtering precision reaches ISO 16/13 and meets the cleanliness requirements of pumps, motors, valves and the like.
It should be noted that the present embodiment provides a 4-motor 4-wheel drive type, which can be changed to a 2-motor 2-wheel drive type, and is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 7-9, the steering control mechanism 3 includes a gear pump 31, a steering gear 32, a steering control valve 33, steering cylinders 34 and a hydraulic oil pipe 35, and is used for realizing the synchronous steering function of the traveling mechanism 2. the working principle is that the gear pump 31 is used as a hydraulic source, the hydraulic conversion of the steering gear 32 controls 2 steering cylinders 34 through the steering control valve 33 to respectively generate deflection angles of left and right wheels relative to the frame, and the differential speed required by the same-track steering of the left and right wheels is realized by the function of the anti-hitting slide valve 25 in the hydraulic drive system, and the plant protection function is realized by the four-wheel synchronous same-track motion mode;
the constant delivery pump 31, the steering gear 32 and the steering oil cylinder 34 in the steering system need to be subjected to matching calculation, the steering control valve 33 in the steering control system is a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, the valve has two positions, the front oil cylinder and the rear oil cylinder are connected in series to realize the steering function under the non-working state of the electromagnetic valve, the front oil cylinder and the rear oil cylinder are in a synchronous working state at the moment, the electromagnetic valve is in a single-oil-cylinder action state when being electrified, the synchronous fine adjustment function of the exhaust operation of an assembled pipeline and oil cylinders and the action of the oil cylinders can be realized, and the electromagnetic valve is in the non-working state due to the fact that the two oil cylinders are required to be in the series connection state for.
Specifically, the four-wheel synchronous steering process needs to conform to the Ackerman formula: ctg beta-ctg alpha as M/2L
Inner and outer wheel speed relationships:
in the formula, N1 and N2 are respectively the rotating speeds of the slow side driving wheel and the fast side driving wheel; r is a turning radius; and B is the rear axle track.
The principle of double-cylinder synchronous steering is shown in fig. 9, a gear pump 31 provides hydraulic pressure to enter a steering gear 32 from a port P, the steering gear 32 enables a port a to release hydraulic oil with pressure to enter a steering control valve 33 (a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve) through a port P under the condition that a steering wheel rotates anticlockwise, the hydraulic oil enters a right cavity of a rear-side oil cylinder through a port D to enable a piston rod of the rear-side oil cylinder to extend to the left side, the hydraulic oil extruded by the rear-side oil cylinder enters the right cavity of a front-side oil cylinder through a port C and a port T', the piston rod of the front-side oil cylinder also extends to the left side, the hydraulic oil extruded by the front-side oil cylinder returns to the steering gear 32 through a port B, the steering control valve 33 connects the front-side steering oil cylinder and the rear-side steering oil cylinder; when the steering wheel on the steering gear 32 rotates clockwise, the pressure oil of the steering gear is released from the port B, and the two oil cylinders move towards the right side;
when the cylinder is extended to the limit position, the steering gear 32 is in the overflow state, and the hydraulic oil is directly returned to the hydraulic oil tank from the T port.
As shown in fig. 3, the spray rod assembly 41 includes an electro-hydraulic push rod 411, a side-spreading oil cylinder 412, a connecting rod assembly 413 and a telescopic spray rod 414, the telescopic spray rod 414 can realize the actions of telescopic adjustment, spray width adjustment and lifting adjustment, the medicine box assembly 42 includes a medicine box 421 connected with the spray rod assembly 41 through a pipeline, the medicine box 421 is connected with a water pump, a control valve and a distributor, a partition plate assembly is further arranged in the medicine box 421, the shaking impact of the water body in the medicine box 421 can be reduced, specifically, the spraying mechanism 4 is composed of a distributor, a pipeline, a spray head assembly, a liquid medicine stirrer and a filter, the distributor is composed of an agricultural spray pump (plunger pump and diaphragm pump) for providing power, the medicine box 421 and a pressure-adjustable overflow valve as a flow regulator, and a five-way distribution manifold assembly as a distributor; the design has been developed and has been had the medical kit combination of unique appearance structure, medical kit structure bottom contains the baffle design, and this design has been realized having slowed down the rocking impact of water in the medical kit under satisfying the liquid medicine stirring demand, has increased the stability ability of complete machine when ramp, slope, and medical kit bottom delivery port does benefit to the whole utilization of liquid medicine for the lower, contains a clear water tank in this combination, and this clear water tank is installed at the medical kit left surface for the inserted, makes things convenient for in the water injection and the washing use of clear water tank.
As shown in fig. 4, the fertilizer bucket 51 is fixed on the lifting frame 52, the bottom of the fertilizer bucket 51 is sequentially provided with a centrifugal fertilizer spreading disc 53 and a fertilizer amount adjusting cover 54, the fertilizer bucket 51 is internally provided with a fertilizer stirring device, the fertilizer bucket 51 can realize a lifting function by adopting the telescopic action of a hydraulic oil cylinder, the lifting range is 400-600 mm, the fertilizer can be conveniently added into the fertilizer bucket 51, the lifting mechanism can also play a role in assisting the jacking and escaping of the vehicle, and the function can be used for assisting the jacking and escaping of the vehicle when the rear wheels of the vehicle are sunk in the mud.
the walking operation mechanism is used for changing the displacement of the hydraulic pump 22 and comprises a handle mechanism, an adjustable pull rod, a rotating swing arm mechanism and a pump connecting plate, wherein 20-80N handle operation force is converted into push-pull force of the adjustable pull rod after the operation handle mechanism is amplified, and the force acting on the pump connecting plate is amplified again through the rotating swing arm mechanism, so that the displacement of the hydraulic pump is changed easily, and the driving speed is adjusted;
the brake braking mechanism comprises a pedal mechanism, a pull wire and a return spring;
the fertilizer spreading amount adjusting handle comprises a handle mechanism and a push-pull flexible shaft;
the engine accelerator adopts an electronic accelerator handle and a foot accelerator pedal;
the spray rod action control adopts a button-shaped reset switch.
The power system 7 comprises an engine, a radiator and an oil way, is a power source for the walking and working of the whole machine, can specifically adopt a mature engine assembly, selects two engines of 18.4KW (25PS)/2600rpm and 36.8KW (50PS)/3500rpm, and has the net mass of the engine of less than or equal to 130Kg and the rotating direction of the engine is anticlockwise when viewed from the flywheel end; the connector of flywheel end is used for installing "integral type nylon disk" shaft coupling.
As shown in fig. 5, the roof module 8 includes a bracket 81, a roof 82, and a windshield 83, and can shade the sun and shield the wind for the driver during work, thereby improving driving comfort.
In conclusion, the invention provides the field management machine which has the total weight within 2T, adopts hydrostatic drive type self-propelled four-wheel synchronous same-track steering and four-wheel drive and has the plant protection function, the highest working speed of the field management machine reaches 8Km/h, and the highest transition speed of the field management machine reaches 16 Km/h; the fertilizer is particularly suitable for mechanized planting fields, realizes the functions of disease and pest control and fertilization field management, and meets the national standards of GB/T24677.1-2009 and GB/T24677.2-2009.
The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, simple and convenient operation, high transmission efficiency, high reliability and the like, has great market value and is worthy of wide popularization and application.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a spraying fertilization all-in-one which characterized in that: comprises a frame (1), a traveling mechanism (2), a steering control mechanism (3), a spraying mechanism (4), a fertilizing mechanism (5), an operating mechanism (6), a power system (7) and a ceiling assembly (8), wherein the traveling mechanism (2), the steering control mechanism, the spraying mechanism (4), the fertilizing mechanism (5), the operating mechanism (6), the power system (7) and the ceiling assembly (8) are integrated on the frame (1;
the travelling mechanisms (2) are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the frame (1) and comprise hydrostatic drive systems which can enable the frame to move synchronously or in a differential and same-track manner;
the steering control mechanism (3) is arranged between the frame (1) and the travelling mechanism (2);
the spraying mechanism (4) comprises a spray rod assembly (41) and a medicine box assembly (42), and the spray rod assembly (41) can move up, down, left and right;
the fertilizing mechanism (5) comprises a fertilizing bucket (51) capable of adjusting height and fertilizing amount;
the operating mechanism (6) is used for controlling the travelling mechanism (2), the spraying mechanism (4) and the fertilizing mechanism (5);
power system (7) provide the power source for whole spraying fertilization all-in-one, ceiling subassembly (8) can the sunshade keep out the wind.
2. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: running gear (2) are equipped with four, and the symmetric distribution is on four angles of frame (1), every running gear (2) are including supporting bridge leg (21), walking motor (23) and wheel (24), support bridge leg (21) built-in compression spring, support bridge leg (21) are used for settling walking motor (23), wheel (24) are installed on walking motor (23).
3. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the wheelbase of the front wheel (24) and the rear wheel (24) is 1750 and 2300mm, and the vertical distance from the frame (1) to the bottom of the wheels (24) is 1100 and 1300 mm.
4. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the hydrostatic drive system comprises two variable hydraulic pumps (22) connected in series, the traveling motor (23) is a variable hydraulic motor, and an anti-tripping valve (25) is arranged between the hydraulic pumps (22) and the traveling motor (23).
5. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the steering control mechanism (3) comprises a gear pump (31), a steering gear (32), a steering control valve (33), a steering oil cylinder (34) and a hydraulic oil pipe (35) and is used for realizing the synchronous steering function of the travelling mechanism (2).
6. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the spray rod assembly (41) comprises an electro-hydraulic push rod (411), a side-spreading oil cylinder (412), a connecting rod assembly (413) and a telescopic spray rod (414), and the telescopic spray rod (414) can achieve the actions of telescopic adjustment, spray amplitude adjustment and lifting adjustment.
7. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the medicine chest subassembly (42) include pass through water piping connection's medicine chest (421) with spray boom assembly (41), medicine chest (421) are connected with water pump, control valve and distributor, still be equipped with the baffle subassembly in medicine chest (421), can slow down the rocking impact of the interior water of medicine chest (421).
8. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizer applying bucket (51) is fixed on a lifting frame (52), a centrifugal fertilizer spreading disc (53) and a fertilizer amount adjusting cover (54) are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer applying bucket (51), and a fertilizer stirring device is further arranged in the fertilizer applying bucket (51).
9. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the operating mechanism (6) comprises a walking operating mechanism, a brake mechanism, a fertilizer spreading amount adjusting handle, an engine throttle handle, a spray rod action control switch and a light switch.
10. The integrated machine for spraying and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the power system (7) comprises an engine, a radiator and an oil way, and the ceiling assembly (8) comprises a support (81), a ceiling (82) and a windshield (83).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911262918.2A CN112931462A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Spraying and fertilizing integrated machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911262918.2A CN112931462A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Spraying and fertilizing integrated machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112931462A true CN112931462A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911262918.2A Pending CN112931462A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Spraying and fertilizing integrated machine |
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| CN (1) | CN112931462A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113615367A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 西南大学 | Novel vehicle-mounted water and fertilizer integrated machine |
| CN113661974A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-19 | 陈昌兵 | A pesticide sprinkler for agricultural |
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