CN112929803B - Microphone gain adjustment method and related device - Google Patents
Microphone gain adjustment method and related device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112929803B CN112929803B CN202110182452.6A CN202110182452A CN112929803B CN 112929803 B CN112929803 B CN 112929803B CN 202110182452 A CN202110182452 A CN 202110182452A CN 112929803 B CN112929803 B CN 112929803B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/01—Electrostatic transducers characterised by the use of electrets
- H04R19/013—Electrostatic transducers characterised by the use of electrets for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
Abstract
The application provides a microphone gain adjustment method and a related device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an amplifying equipment output signal output by a signal amplifying equipment; wherein, the output signal of the amplifying device is the signal obtained by amplifying the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device; matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying equipment with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value; the gain value is sent to the signal processing device. According to the method, a microphone output signal of an electret microphone is amplified by a signal amplifying device, the output signal of the amplifying device is collected, the collected output signal of the amplifying device is matched with a preset signal gain mapping relation, a gain value is determined, and when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is low, a large gain value is obtained; when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is high, a small gain value is obtained, the problem that the small signal cannot be identified and the high signal causes distortion is solved, and the accuracy of determining the gain value is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of microphone technologies, and in particular, to a microphone gain adjustment method, a microphone gain adjustment device, a microphone gain adjustment apparatus, a voice device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
Electret microphones are widely applied to intelligent voice products such as intelligent sound boxes and Bluetooth headsets at present due to the advantages of convenient use, low price and the like. The sensitivity of the electret microphone is generally-60 to-30 db (about 0.5 to 10mv/Pa), the voltage amplitude of a normal sound input signal passing through the electret microphone is relatively low and is generally only a few millivolts, and a system cannot directly process the small signal and is easy to cause a relatively large error. Because the voltage amplitude of a normal sound input signal is smaller after passing through the electret microphone, a fixed gain amplification signal system is arranged in an electret microphone channel in the related art to accurately process the input data, but because the gain value is a fixed value, when the input sound signal is lower than or higher than the normal signal, the situation that the input sound signal cannot be identified easily when the signal amplitude is lower or higher than the normal signal, or the distortion situation caused by amplitude truncation of the signal amplitude is easy to occur.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microphone gain adjusting method, a microphone gain adjusting device, a voice device and a computer readable storage medium, which can solve the problems that small signals cannot be identified and high signals cause distortion and improve the accuracy of determining gain values. The specific scheme is as follows:
the application provides a microphone gain adjustment method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring an amplifying equipment output signal output by a signal amplifying equipment; wherein the amplifying device output signal is a signal obtained by amplifying a microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying equipment with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
and sending the gain value to a signal processing device.
Preferably, before the amplifying device outputs the signal output by the acquisition signal amplifying device, the method further includes:
collecting a microphone output signal sent by the electret microphone;
judging whether the output signal of the microphone conforms to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level;
if the microphone output signal does not conform to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, executing a step of acquiring an amplification equipment output signal output by the signal amplification equipment;
if the microphone output signal conforms to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, determining a preset gain value as the gain value, and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment;
wherein the predetermined gain value corresponds to the regular sound pressure level.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the signal amplification equipment fails, reading a preset gain value, determining the preset gain value as the gain value, and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
determining a sensitivity of the electret microphone;
and setting the amplification factor of the signal amplification equipment according to the sensitivity.
Preferably, the process of establishing the preset signal gain mapping relationship includes:
determining input sound pressure level ranges of a plurality of the electret microphones and amplification factors of the signal amplification device;
collecting a sound signal corresponding to the sound pressure level range, and outputting a sampling amplification device output signal after the sound signal sequentially passes through the electret microphone and the signal amplification device;
and setting different gain values according to the output signals of all the sampling amplification devices, and establishing the preset signal gain mapping relation.
The application provides a microphone gain adjustment device, includes:
the amplification signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an amplification equipment output signal output by the signal amplification equipment; wherein the amplifying device output signal is a signal obtained by amplifying a microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
the gain value determining module is used for matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying equipment with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
and the gain value sending module is used for sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
The application provides a microphone gain adjustment device, still includes:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the microphone gain adjustment method as described herein when executing the computer program.
The application provides a speech device, including:
an electret microphone that receives a sound signal;
a signal amplification device that amplifies a microphone output signal of the electret microphone;
the microphone gain adjustment apparatus as described above.
Preferably, the signal amplification apparatus includes:
an impedance matching and pre-stage amplifying circuit connected with the electret microphone;
and the power amplifier amplifying and negative feedback circuit is connected with the preceding stage amplifying circuit.
The present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the microphone gain adjustment method as described above.
The application provides a microphone gain adjustment method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an amplifying equipment output signal output by a signal amplifying equipment; wherein, the output signal of the amplifying device is the signal obtained by amplifying the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device; matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying device with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value; the gain value is sent to the signal processing device.
Therefore, the method and the device amplify the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by using the signal amplifying device, acquire the output signal of the amplifying device, match the acquired output signal of the amplifying device with the preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a corresponding gain value, and obtain a larger gain value when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is lower; when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is high, a small gain value can be obtained, the signal processing equipment at the rear end can be guaranteed to accurately process, the problems that small signals cannot be recognized and high signals cause distortion are solved, and the accuracy of determining the gain value is improved.
The application also provides a microphone gain adjusting device, a voice device and a computer readable storage medium, which all have the beneficial effects and are not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a microphone gain adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a process for establishing a preset signal gain mapping relationship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another microphone gain adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a microphone gain adjustment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a speech device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Because the voltage amplitude of a normal sound input signal is smaller after passing through the electret microphone, a fixed gain amplification signal system is arranged in an electret microphone channel in the related art to accurately process the input data, but because the gain value is a fixed value, when the input sound signal is lower than or higher than the normal signal, the situation that the input sound signal cannot be identified easily when the signal amplitude is lower or higher than the normal signal, or the distortion situation caused by amplitude truncation occurs in the signal amplitude.
Based on the above technical problem, this embodiment provides a microphone gain adjustment method, which amplifies a microphone output signal of an electret microphone by using a signal amplification device to obtain an amplification device output signal, and then matches the acquired amplification device output signal with a preset signal gain mapping relationship to obtain a corresponding gain value, where when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is low, a larger gain value can be obtained; when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is high, a small gain value can be obtained, the signal processing equipment at the rear end can be guaranteed to be capable of accurately processing, and the problems that small signals cannot be recognized and high signals cause distortion are solved.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a microphone gain adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes:
s101, acquiring an amplifying device output signal output by a signal amplifying device; wherein, the output signal of the amplifying device is the signal obtained by amplifying the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
the present embodiment is applied to a microphone gain adjustment apparatus. It can be understood that, since the voltage amplitude of the sound input signal passing through the electret microphone is relatively small, in order to accurately obtain the signal, a signal amplification device is provided to amplify the microphone output signal of the electret microphone, and the signal amplification device outputs an amplification device output signal, which is used as an input signal of the microphone gain adjustment device of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the signal amplification device does not limit the amplification factor of the microphone output signal of the electret microphone, and the signal amplification device may be limited according to actual requirements, specifically, different sensitivities of the electret microphones or different types of the electret microphones may be set to different amplification factors.
The electret microphone has a relatively small capacitance, typically several tens of pF, between the electret diaphragm and the metal plate, so that its output impedance is high.
In an implementable embodiment, the signal amplification device comprises: a field effect transistor amplifier. Wherein, the field effect transistor amplifier can provide high input impedance and low output impedance; but the magnification is generally lower.
In another implementation, in order to determine different gains according to different sound pressure levels, and further improve the accuracy, the signal amplifying device includes an impedance matching and pre-stage amplifying circuit and a power amplifier amplifying and negative feedback circuit. The impedance matching and preceding stage amplifying circuit can be a field effect transistor amplifier, because the high impedance of the output signal of the microphone can not be matched with the power amplifier directly, a junction type field effect transistor (namely, the impedance matching and preceding stage amplifying circuit) is added to carry out impedance transformation, because the amplification factor of the impedance matching and preceding stage amplifying circuit is generally limited and has no negative feedback function, saturation distortion is easily caused when a large signal is input, and therefore, the power amplifier amplifying and negative feedback circuit solves the problems of distortion and saturation. The power amplifier amplifying and negative feedback circuit can be an AB class amplifier.
S102, matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying device with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
the microphone gain adjustment device stores a preset signal gain mapping relation, and can determine a corresponding gain value according to the range of the output signal of the amplification device. The first amplification device output signal corresponds to a first gain value and the second amplification device output signal corresponds to a second gain value, wherein the first gain value is less than the second gain value when the first amplification device output signal is greater than the second amplification device output signal.
In order to ensure sampling precision and improve the accuracy of a sampling signal, in the application, for a wider input sound pressure level (45 db-105 db), the voltage range of an output signal of an amplifying device for AD sampling of a microphone gain adjusting device is ensured to be within 0.5V-2.6V, certainly 0.5V-3.3V, and the maximum value of the AD sampling is only 3.3V which is not more than GPIO.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a process for establishing a preset signal gain mapping relationship according to an embodiment of the present application, including:
s201, determining input sound pressure level ranges of a plurality of electret microphones and amplification factors of signal amplification equipment;
in this embodiment, the input sound pressure level range may be: 45db or less, 45db-55db, 55db-65db, 65db-75db, 75db-85db, 85db-95db, 95db-105db, wherein corresponding ranges can be exclusive of the left border, inclusive of the right border; correspondingly, the amplification factor of the signal amplification device can be set according to the sensitivity of the electret microphone, and after the setting is finished, the amplification factor aiming at different input sound pressure level ranges under the sensitivity is uniquely determined. It will be appreciated that when the signal amplification device comprises an impedance matching and preceding stage amplification circuit and a power amplification and negative feedback circuit, the amplification factor of the impedance matching and preceding stage amplification circuit and the amplification factor of the power amplification and negative feedback circuit are determined, but the power amplification and negative feedback circuit has a negative feedback function to ensure that there is no peak clipping of the signal, so that the product of the microphone output signal of the electret microphone and the two amplification factors is not necessarily equal to the amplification device output signal although the amplification factor is determined.
S202, collecting a sampling amplification device output signal which is output after a sound signal corresponding to the sound pressure level range sequentially passes through an electret microphone and a signal amplification device;
and acquiring a sampling amplification equipment output signal output by the signal amplification equipment, and determining a sampling amplification equipment output signal corresponding to the sound pressure level range. It can be understood that, in order to ensure sampling accuracy and improve accuracy of a sampling signal, for a wider input sound pressure level (45db to 105db), a voltage range of an output signal of an amplifying device sampled by the microphone gain adjusting device AD is ensured to be within 0.5V to 2.6V, and correspondingly, the obtained output signal of the sampling amplifying device may sequentially be: 0.5V or less, 0.5V to 0.8V, 0.8V to 1.1V, 1.1V to 1.4V, 1.4V to 1.7V, 1.7V to 2.0V, 2.0V to 2.3V, 2.3V to 2.6V, wherein the corresponding ranges may include the left boundary and the right boundary. Different gain values are set according to output signals of different sampling amplification equipment, and when the input sound signals are low (the input sound pressure level is small), the system end automatically improves the signal gain values; when the input sound signal is higher, the system end automatically reduces the signal gain value, and the system end can accurately process the sound signal input at a higher or lower position. For voice products such as intelligent sound boxes, the input range of sound signals can be greatly improved, the voice device can be awakened in a small signal scene, amplitude interception and distortion problems cannot occur in a large signal, and the awakening rate of the device is effectively improved.
S203, setting different gain values according to output signals of all sampling amplification devices, and establishing a preset signal gain mapping relation.
In this embodiment, the input sound pressure level range, the output signal of the sampling and amplifying device, and the gain value are uniquely corresponding to each other.
In this embodiment, the obtained preset signal gain mapping relationship may be stored in a table form or a text form, and of course, the preset signal gain mapping relationship may also be a functional relationship using the output signal of the sampling and amplifying device as a variable, and correspondingly, the functional relationship is obtained by performing function fitting according to a plurality of sampling data (the output signal of the sampling and amplifying device, the gain value) and the gain value may be determined for each output signal of the amplifying device by using the functional relationship, so that the determination of the gain value is more accurate.
The present embodiment is not limited as long as the object of the present embodiment can be achieved. Take the mapping table as an example, please refer to table 1.
Table 1 is a mapping table provided in this embodiment of the present application
And S103, sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
The gain value is transmitted to the signal processing apparatus so that the signal processing apparatus performs signal processing according to the gain value.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment amplifies the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by using the signal amplification device to obtain the output signal of the amplification device, then matches the acquired output signal of the amplification device with the preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a corresponding gain value, and when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is low, a larger gain value can be obtained; when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is high, a small gain value can be obtained, the signal processing equipment at the rear end can be guaranteed to be capable of accurately processing, and the problems that small signals cannot be recognized and high signals cause distortion are solved.
Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency of determining the gain value, in this embodiment, only after the output signal of the microphone is not within the range of the preset gain condition, mapping matching is performed based on the output signal of the amplifying device amplified by the signal amplifying device in this application, so as to greatly improve the efficiency of determining the gain value and improve the rate of signal processing, specifically, referring to fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a flowchart of another microphone gain adjustment method provided in this embodiment of the application, including:
s301, collecting a microphone output signal sent by an electret microphone;
in this embodiment, a microphone output signal of the electret microphone is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the microphone gain signal adjusting device, and the other path is connected with the signal amplifying device.
S302, judging whether the output signal of the microphone conforms to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level;
the microphone output signal is a collected signal, the microphone gain signal adjusting device stores a microphone output signal range corresponding to a conventional sound pressure level and a corresponding predetermined gain value, and it can be understood that the input sound pressure level, the microphone output signal range and the predetermined gain value correspond to each other. In the conventional sound pressure level range of 65db to 75db, when the sensitivity is 36db, the corresponding microphone output signal range is 5mv to 6mv, and the corresponding predetermined gain value may be G4, which is a calibrated gain value, with higher accuracy.
If the microphone output signal does not conform to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, executing step S303; if the microphone output signal meets the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, step S306 is executed.
S303, acquiring an amplifying device output signal output by the signal amplifying device;
s304, matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying device with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
s305, sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment;
if the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level is not within the range, a second path is used for matching to determine a gain value, so that a larger gain value can be obtained when the output signal of the microphone of the electret microphone is lower; when the microphone output signal of the electret microphone is high, a small gain value can be obtained, the signal processing equipment at the rear end can be guaranteed to be capable of accurately processing, and the problems that small signals cannot be recognized and high signals cause distortion are solved.
S306, determining a preset gain value as a gain value and sending the gain value to signal processing equipment; wherein the predetermined gain value corresponds to a conventional sound pressure level.
When the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level is met, the preset gain value is directly called, the determination of the gain value is more accurate, the problem of large operation amount caused by system matching is solved, and the efficiency of determining the gain value is improved.
Therefore, in the embodiment, when the output signal of the microphone is not within the range of the preset gain condition, the mapping matching is performed based on the output signal of the amplifying device amplified by the signal amplifying device, so that the efficiency of determining the gain value is greatly improved, and the rate of signal processing is improved.
Further, the method for determining the gain value of the backup is added in this embodiment to ensure that the system can normally operate, and specifically, the method further includes:
and when the signal amplification equipment fails, reading a preset gain value, determining the preset gain value as a gain value, and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
When the signal amplification equipment fails, the preset gain value can be directly read and determined as the gain value, so that the situation that the signal processing is stopped is avoided, and the reliability of the signal processing is ensured.
In this embodiment, a microphone output signal of the electret microphone is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the microphone gain signal adjusting device, and the other path is connected with the signal amplifying device. When the microphone gain signal adjusting device is connected with the microphone gain signal adjusting device, the microphone gain signal adjusting device is used for directly determining a preset gain value as a gain value, and the part is mainly used for preventing the situation that signals cannot be acquired when the signal amplifying device breaks down, so that normal work can be guaranteed. At this time, no matter what the sound pressure level range is, the preset gain value is set to be the final gain value, so that the system can normally operate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
determining a sensitivity of the electret microphone; the amplification factor of the signal amplification device is set according to the sensitivity.
It is understood that different types of electret microphones have different sensitivities, and the amplification factor of the corresponding signal amplification device is different, so that in order to improve the applicability, the present embodiment determines the amplification factor according to the different sensitivities, and can be applied to a variety of microphones.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a microphone gain adjustment apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the microphone gain adjustment apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below, and the microphone gain adjustment apparatus described below and the microphone gain adjustment method described above may be referred to correspondingly, and includes:
the amplification signal acquisition module 401 is configured to acquire an amplification device output signal output by the signal amplification device; wherein, the output signal of the amplifying device is the signal obtained by amplifying the microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
a gain value determining module 402, configured to match the acquired output signal of the amplifying device with a preset signal gain mapping relationship to obtain a gain value;
a gain value sending module 403, configured to send the gain value to the signal processing apparatus.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a preset gain module to:
collecting a microphone output signal sent by an electret microphone;
judging whether the output signal of the microphone conforms to the range of the output signal of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level;
if the output signal of the microphone does not conform to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, executing the step of acquiring the output signal of the amplifying equipment output by the signal amplifying equipment;
if the output signal of the microphone conforms to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, determining a preset gain value as a gain value, and sending the gain value to signal processing equipment;
wherein the predetermined gain value corresponds to a conventional sound pressure level.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the reading module is used for reading the preset gain value after the signal amplification equipment fails, determining the preset gain value as the gain value and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a sensitivity determination module for determining a sensitivity of the electret microphone;
and the setting module is used for setting the amplification factor of the signal amplification equipment according to the sensitivity.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the establishing module of the preset signal gain mapping relation is used for:
determining input sound pressure level ranges of a plurality of electret microphones and amplification factors of signal amplification equipment;
collecting a sound signal corresponding to the sound pressure level range, and outputting a sampling amplification device output signal after the sound signal sequentially passes through an electret microphone and a signal amplification device;
and setting different gain values according to output signals of all sampling amplification equipment, and establishing a preset signal gain mapping relation.
Since the embodiments of the apparatus portion and the method portion correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method portion for the embodiments of the apparatus portion, which is not repeated here.
In the following, a microphone gain adjustment apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced, and the microphone gain adjustment apparatus described below and the microphone gain adjustment method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
The present embodiment provides a microphone gain adjustment apparatus, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the microphone gain adjustment method when executing the computer program.
Since the embodiment of the microphone gain adjusting apparatus portion and the embodiment of the microphone gain adjusting method portion correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the microphone gain adjusting method portion for the embodiment of the microphone gain adjusting apparatus portion, which will not be repeated here.
In the following, a speech device provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced, and the speech device described below and the microphone gain adjustment method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a speech device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:
an electret microphone 310 that receives a sound signal;
a signal amplification device 320 that amplifies a microphone output signal of the electret microphone;
such as the microphone gain adjustment device 330 described above.
Preferably, the signal amplifying device includes:
an impedance matching and pre-stage amplifying circuit 321 connected to the electret microphone;
and a power amplifier amplifying and negative feedback circuit 322 connected to the preceding stage amplifying circuit.
The scheme of automatically adjusting electret microphone gain in this application contains two parts: the front-end hardware processing equipment of the hardware part and the microphone gain adjusting equipment of the back-end system processing. The electret microphone output signal flows to two paths, one path is directly connected to a preset gain module of the microphone gain adjusting device and is used for preventing the impedance matching of the system and the failure of the path caused by the faults of a pre-stage amplifying circuit and an operational amplifier amplifying and feedback circuit from causing the system to still work normally. On the other hand, since the capacitance between the diaphragm and the pole plate of the electret microphone is small, usually only a few tens of PF, the output impedance of the output signal (microphone output signal) is high. Therefore, the output of the electret microphone cannot be directly connected to the operational amplifier and feedback circuit, and therefore, an impedance matching and pre-amplifier circuit is required. The impedance matching and pre-stage amplifying circuit has limited amplification factor and no negative feedback function, so that saturation distortion is easily caused when a barley wind output signal is input, and the operational amplifier amplifying and feedback circuit can solve the problem. Considering the sampling precision of the system, the accuracy of the system for processing the sampling voltage and the wider input sound pressure level (45 db-105 db), a front-end hardware circuit is designed to enable the voltage range after AD sampling of a back-end system to be 0.5V-2.6V, the gains of different input sound pressure levels are set according to the voltage, and a mapping table of the voltage and the gains is established.
After the system normally operates, a mapping table of voltage and gain is written and a predetermined gain value based on the calculated gain G4 when a normal sound signal (65db to 75db) is input is preset. When the front-end hardware equipment inputs the processed output voltage signal of the amplifying circuit into the rear-end microphone gain adjusting equipment, because one path of signal output by the electret microphone is directly connected to a preset gain module of the system, the system firstly fails the preset gain module and waits for the AD sampling voltage of the system; and when the system detects the sampling voltage (the acquired output signal of the amplifying device), calling a mapping table of the voltage and the gain value built in the system, and reading the corresponding gain value according to the detected voltage.
Furthermore, the relationship between the read gain value and the preset gain value can be judged, if the read gain value and the preset gain value are the same, the preset gain value is directly called, and if the read gain value and the preset gain value are different, the preset gain value is replaced.
The embodiment provides a method for automatically adjusting the gain of an electret microphone based on the idea of combining software and hardware. The system can adjust the gain value of the system in real time according to different input sound pressure levels, thereby ensuring that the gain value is improved and the strength of signals is enhanced when the sound pressure level is smaller; when the sound pressure level is higher, the gain value is reduced, unsaturated signals are guaranteed, distortion is avoided, the awakening rate of the intelligent voice equipment is effectively improved, and the purpose of improving user experience is achieved.
Since the embodiment of the speech device portion and the embodiment of the microphone gain adjustment method portion correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the microphone gain adjustment method portion for the embodiment of the speech device portion, which is not repeated here.
The following describes a computer-readable storage medium provided by embodiments of the present application, and the computer-readable storage medium described below and the method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the above-mentioned microphone gain adjustment method.
Since the embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium portion and the embodiment of the method portion correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the method portion for the embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium portion, which is not repeated here.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The above detailed description is provided for a microphone gain adjustment method, apparatus, device, and speech device and computer readable storage medium. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A microphone gain adjustment method, comprising:
collecting a microphone output signal sent by the electret microphone;
judging whether the microphone output signal conforms to a microphone output signal range corresponding to a conventional sound pressure level;
if the microphone output signal does not conform to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, acquiring an amplification equipment output signal output by signal amplification equipment; wherein the amplifying device output signal is a signal obtained by amplifying a microphone output signal of the electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying equipment with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
sending the gain value to a signal processing device;
if the microphone output signal conforms to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, determining a preset gain value as the gain value, and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment;
wherein the predetermined gain value corresponds to the regular sound pressure level.
2. The microphone gain adjustment method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the signal amplification equipment fails, reading a preset gain value, determining the preset gain value as the gain value, and sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
3. The microphone gain adjustment method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a sensitivity of the electret microphone;
and setting the amplification factor of the signal amplification equipment according to the sensitivity.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of establishing the predetermined signal gain mapping relationship comprises:
determining input sound pressure level ranges of a plurality of the electret microphones and amplification factors of the signal amplification device;
collecting a sound signal corresponding to the sound pressure level range, and outputting a sampling amplification device output signal after the sound signal sequentially passes through the electret microphone and the signal amplification device;
and setting different gain values according to the output signals of all the sampling amplification devices, and establishing the preset signal gain mapping relation.
5. A microphone gain adjustment apparatus, comprising:
the gain presetting module is used for collecting a microphone output signal sent by the electret microphone; judging whether the output signal of the microphone conforms to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level; if the output signal of the microphone does not conform to the output signal range of the microphone corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, starting the working process of the amplified signal acquisition module; if the microphone output signal conforms to the microphone output signal range corresponding to the conventional sound pressure level, determining a preset gain value as a gain value, and sending the gain value to signal processing equipment; wherein the predetermined gain value corresponds to a conventional sound pressure level;
the amplification signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an amplification equipment output signal output by the signal amplification equipment; wherein the amplifying device output signal is a signal obtained by amplifying a microphone output signal of an electret microphone by the signal amplifying device;
the gain value determining module is used for matching the acquired output signal of the amplifying equipment with a preset signal gain mapping relation to obtain a gain value;
and the gain value sending module is used for sending the gain value to the signal processing equipment.
6. A microphone gain adjustment apparatus, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the microphone gain adjustment method according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
7. A speech device, comprising:
an electret microphone that receives a sound signal;
a signal amplification device that amplifies a microphone output signal of the electret microphone;
the microphone gain adjustment apparatus of claim 6.
8. The speech device of claim 7, wherein the signal amplification device comprises:
an impedance matching and pre-stage amplifying circuit connected with the electret microphone;
and the power amplification and negative feedback circuit is connected with the pre-stage amplification circuit.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the microphone gain adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| WO2021040201A1 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electronic device and method for controlling same |
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| US8170238B2 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2012-05-01 | Fortemedia, Inc. | Integrated circuit attached to microphone |
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| JPH08331696A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-13 | Sony Corp | Automatic adjusting device for sensitivity of microphone |
| TW200924546A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-01 | Fortemedia Inc | Method for analog-to-digital conversion in a microphone circuit, microphone circuit, and auxiliary circuit |
| CN102194498A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 竺银瑶 | Digital voice storing and replaying system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) |
| CN207638859U (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-07-20 | 深圳市中科蓝讯科技有限公司 | Analog-to-digital conversion Acquisition Circuit |
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