CN112928413A - S-band microwave nonreciprocal transmission waveguide based on super interface - Google Patents
S-band microwave nonreciprocal transmission waveguide based on super interface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a super-interface-based S-band microwave nonreciprocal transmission waveguide, which comprises a metal waveguide cavity, wherein a first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and a second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure are arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity; the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is arranged on one side of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure to jointly form a refractive index gradient super interface; through holes with different sizes are formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure, so that a required refractive index distribution of a super interface formed by the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is obtained in the metal waveguide cavity. The invention can realize the one-way transmission of microwave, and the device has the functions of an isolator and three pins, reduces the loss of microwave energy on the premise of protecting a microwave source, improves the utilization rate of the microwave energy, reduces the complexity of a microwave transmission system and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave transmission, in particular to a super-interface-based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide.
Background
The microwave energy is used as a novel high-efficiency clean energy source, has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, selective heating, cleanness, no pollution and the like, and has wide application in the fields of food processing, chemical engineering, medicines and the like. In microwave industrial applications, microwave efficiency enhancing devices and microwave protectors are widely used in microwave systems, and the efficiency enhancing and reflection protecting devices are crucial to the stable operation of the microwave systems.
Currently, in terms of high power reflective protection, isolators and circulators are mainly used. The device plays roles of isolation, circulation, direction conversion, phase control and the like on microwave signals or energy in a microwave circuit. Such devices are made using the gyromagnetic effect of ferrites. Since the 50 s of the 19 th century, the first isolators and circulators were manufactured and used widely in TR assemblies for high power microwave systems and radars. However, the isolator and the circulator are microwave ferrite devices, which introduce extra insertion loss to the system, when the device operates in a high-power continuous wave state, the consumed power is continuously converted into heat, thereby causing the temperature of the device to rise, and if the temperature rise of the ferrite substrate is too high, the change of saturation magnetization is intensified, which leads to the damage of the electrical performance of the device. In severe cases, the temperature of the ferrite substrate is close to the Curie point, and then the ferrite substrate becomes paramagnetic substance, and the device loses isolation completely. The performance of such devices is therefore limited by the operating temperature and power, and the reflected power is absorbed by the load, resulting in wasted energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a super-interface-based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide and solves the problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the waveguide comprises a metal waveguide cavity, wherein a first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and a second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure are arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity; the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is arranged on one side of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure to jointly form a super interface with gradually changed refractive index; through holes with different sizes are formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure, so that a required refractive index distribution of a super interface formed by the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is obtained in the metal waveguide cavity.
Further, the first dielectric constant dielectric slab structure includes a plurality of first dielectric constant dielectric slabs, and each first dielectric constant dielectric slab is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity.
Further, the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure comprises a plurality of second dielectric constant dielectric plates, and each second dielectric constant dielectric plate is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity.
Furthermore, through holes with different scales are formed in each first dielectric constant dielectric slab and each second dielectric constant dielectric slab, so that the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric slabs is changed, and the gradual change of the refractive index is realized.
Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric constant dielectric plate is smaller than that of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate, so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate is gradually changed, and the refractive index is gradually changed.
Further, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric constant medium plate is 25, and the dielectric constant of the second dielectric constant medium plate is 30.
Further, the minimum hole size of the through holes formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate is 1.45 mm.
The invention has the following advantages: the device has the functions of an isolator and three pins, reduces the loss of microwave energy on the premise of protecting a microwave source, improves the utilization rate of the microwave energy, reduces the complexity of a microwave transmission system and reduces the cost; the refractive index gradient super interface is used for realizing the nonreciprocal transmission of the electromagnetic wave of the S waveband, and the gradient of the dielectric constant and the gradient of the refractive index of the dielectric plate are realized through weakening, dispersion and periodic structures of devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the forward S11 result of a single-pass simulation of an S-band electromagnetic wave by a two-dimensional waveguide;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an inverted S11 result of a single-pass simulation of an S-band electromagnetic wave by a two-dimensional waveguide;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of dielectric constant dispersion of a two-dimensional waveguide for performing a single-pass simulation on an S-band electromagnetic wave;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the forward S11 result of the single-pass simulation of the S-band electromagnetic wave after the two-dimensional waveguide is perforated with dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 20 and 25;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the reverse S11 result of the single-pass simulation of the S-band electromagnetic wave after the two-dimensional waveguide is perforated with dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 20 and 25;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of dielectric constant dispersion of a two-dimensional waveguide by performing a single-pass simulation on an S-band electromagnetic wave after a through hole is formed in a dielectric plate with dielectric constants of 20 and 25;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the forward S11 result of the single-pass simulation of the S-band electromagnetic wave by the three-dimensional waveguide;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the reverse S11 result of the single-pass simulation of the S-band electromagnetic wave by the three-dimensional waveguide;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of dielectric constant dispersion of a single-pass simulation of S-band electromagnetic waves by a three-dimensional waveguide;
in the figure: 1-first dielectric constant dielectric plate, 2-second dielectric constant dielectric plate, 3-metal waveguide and 4-through hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The non-reciprocal transmission in the present invention means: nonreciprocal is a term used in microwave technology and materials science, and refers to the phenomenon that electromagnetic waves transmitted in two opposite directions in a certain object exhibit different characteristics such as electromagnetic loss, phase shift and the like, and the phenomenon is called nonreciprocal.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to a super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide, which includes a metal waveguide cavity 3, wherein a first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and a second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure are disposed on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity 3; the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is arranged on one side of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure to jointly form a super interface with gradually changed refractive index; through holes 4 with different sizes are formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure, so that a required refractive index distribution of a super interface formed by the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is obtained in the metal waveguide cavity 3.
Further, the first dielectric constant dielectric slab structure includes a plurality of first dielectric constant dielectric slabs 1, and each first dielectric constant dielectric slab 1 is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity 3.
Further, the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure includes a plurality of second dielectric constant dielectric plates 2, and each second dielectric constant dielectric plate 2 is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity 3.
Furthermore, through holes 4 with different sizes are formed in each first dielectric constant dielectric slab 1 and each second dielectric constant dielectric slab 2, so that the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric slabs is changed, and the gradual change of the refractive index is realized.
Further, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric constant dielectric slab 1 is smaller than that of the second dielectric constant dielectric slab 2, so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric slabs is gradually changed, and further the refractive index is gradually changed.
The electromagnetic wave encounters the super interface to generate abrupt change on the phase, the abrupt phase is continuously changed in the interface direction, and the electromagnetic wave is gradually changed into the surface wave after passing through the super interface for multiple times, so that the single transmission propagation of the electromagnetic wave is realized. At present, materials with gradually changed magnetic permeability and dielectric constant are not available, but the gradual change of the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate can be realized through weakening, dispersion and periodic structures of devices, so that the gradual change of the refractive index is realized.
The capacitance tensor and the magnetic permeability tensor of the super interface are ensured to be the same through a method of weakening and sacrificing part of functions of the gradient index super interface in a certain mode, wherein the weakening and sacrificing of the part of functions of the gradient index super interface means that the change of the magnetic permeability along with the position is sacrificed, and the continuous change of the dielectric constant along with the position is weakened into the discrete change of the dielectric constant along with the position.
The gradual change of the refractive index is achieved by the weakening structure,
the permeability remains unchanged, i.e. n (x) ═ epsilon (x)2Wherein n is a refractive index, epsilon is a dielectric constant, and mu is a magnetic permeability; finally, the gradual change of the refractive index is realized by arranging through holes 4 with different sizes on the dielectric plate with consistent dielectric constant.
As shown in fig. 2-4, considering a two-dimensional parallel plate metal structure waveguide, when the thickness is very small compared with the wavelength, the graded-index dielectric plate can be regarded as a super interface, square holes with different dimensions are punched on the dielectric plate, and discrete dielectric constant distribution of 2cm is realized to obtain the required refractive index distribution; wherein the S parameter is the scattering parameter. Is an important parameter in microwave transmission. A single transmission line, or a via, as commonly used in the art, can be equivalent to a two-Port network, one end of which is connected to an input signal and the other end of which is connected to an output signal, and if Port1 is used as an input Port of a signal and Port2 is used as an output Port of the signal, S11 represents the return loss, i.e., how much energy is reflected back to the source (Port 1).
It can be seen from fig. 2 and 3 that the difference between the forward direction and the reverse direction S11 is very large, the electromagnetic wave is transmitted asymmetrically in two directions, the effect of nonreciprocal transmission is obvious, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that 2cm dispersion of the dielectric constant distribution is realized, and the dielectric constant gradually changes in the + X direction.
As shown in fig. 5-7, the two-dimensional waveguide is formed by penetrating holes through a dielectric plate with dielectric constants of 20 and 25, and it can be seen from fig. 5 and 6 that the difference between the forward direction and the reverse direction S11 is very large, the electromagnetic wave is transmitted asymmetrically in two directions, the nonreciprocal transmission effect is obvious, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that 2cm dispersion of dielectric constant distribution is realized, and the dielectric constants are respectively 20 and 25 and gradually changed.
As shown in fig. 8-10, two layers of gradient refractive index super interfaces are introduced into a BJ22 metal waveguide, a through hole 4 is formed in a three-dimensional waveguide structure by using a dielectric slab with dielectric constants of 25 and 30, square through holes with different dimensions are formed in the dielectric slab, and the minimum hole size is 1.45mm, so that 2cm discrete dielectric constant distribution is realized, and the required refractive index distribution is obtained; it can be seen from fig. 8 and 9 that the difference between the forward direction and the reverse direction S11 is very large, the electromagnetic wave is transmitted asymmetrically in two directions, the effect of nonreciprocal transmission is still obvious in the three-dimensional structure, and it can be seen from fig. 10 that 2cm dispersion of the dielectric constant is achieved, and the dielectric constant is gradually changed in an increasing manner of 20 and 30 respectively.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the microwave three-pin is used for adjusting microwave transmission matching and reducing microwave reflection in the waveguide transmission process. The isolator is a device which allows microwave to transmit in one direction, and the isolator is generally a lossy device, i.e. the microwave transmitted in the reverse direction is absorbed by the absorption load. Therefore, the S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide based on the super interface has the functions of the two, the forward transmission microwave directly passes through the waveguide, the backward transmission microwave cannot be transmitted, and the energy of the backward transmission microwave cannot be absorbed but is continuously reflected to the next stage of the waveguide. The device thus has isolation and efficiency enhancement functions.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The S-band microwave nonreciprocal transmission waveguide based on the super interface is characterized in that: the dielectric constant waveguide cavity comprises a metal waveguide cavity body (3), wherein a first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and a second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure are arranged on two opposite cavity body surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity body (3); the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is arranged on one side of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure to jointly form a super interface with gradually changed refractive index; through holes (4) with different sizes are formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure, so that a required refractive index distribution of a super interface formed by the first dielectric constant dielectric plate structure and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure is obtained in the metal waveguide cavity (3).
2. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 1, wherein: the first dielectric constant dielectric slab structure comprises a plurality of first dielectric constant dielectric slabs (1), and each first dielectric constant dielectric slab (1) is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity (3).
3. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 2, wherein: the second dielectric constant dielectric plate structure comprises a plurality of second dielectric constant dielectric plates (2), and each second dielectric constant dielectric plate (2) is sequentially arranged on two opposite cavity surfaces of the metal waveguide cavity (3).
4. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 3, wherein: through holes (4) with different sizes are formed in each first dielectric constant dielectric plate (1) and each second dielectric constant dielectric plate (2), so that the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric plates is changed, and the gradual change of the refractive index is realized.
5. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 3, wherein: the dielectric constant of the first dielectric constant dielectric plate (1) is smaller than that of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate (2) so as to realize gradual change of the dielectric constant of the dielectric plates and further realize gradual change of the refractive index.
6. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 5, wherein: the dielectric constant of the first dielectric constant dielectric plate (1) is 25, and the dielectric constant of the second dielectric constant dielectric plate (2) is 30.
7. The super-interface based S-band microwave non-reciprocal transmission waveguide of claim 3, wherein: the minimum hole size of the through holes (4) formed in the first dielectric constant dielectric plate (1) and the second dielectric constant dielectric plate (2) is 1.45 mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114245505A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 四川大学 | Microwave film heating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102760954A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Metamaterial capable of deflecting electromagnetic wave |
| CN110176661A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-08-27 | 四川大学 | A kind of novel microwave isolating device |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102760954A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Metamaterial capable of deflecting electromagnetic wave |
| CN110176661A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-08-27 | 四川大学 | A kind of novel microwave isolating device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114245505A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 四川大学 | Microwave film heating device |
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