CN102324612A - T-shaped port planar integrated waveguide circulator - Google Patents
T-shaped port planar integrated waveguide circulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102324612A CN102324612A CN201110191730A CN201110191730A CN102324612A CN 102324612 A CN102324612 A CN 102324612A CN 201110191730 A CN201110191730 A CN 201110191730A CN 201110191730 A CN201110191730 A CN 201110191730A CN 102324612 A CN102324612 A CN 102324612A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a T-shaped port planar integrated waveguide circulator, belonging to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave devices. The circulator is manufactured by integrally processing a medium material with deposited metal layers on two faces, and comprises a regularly-triangular medium cavity, a three-segment planar integrated waveguide and a center junction gyromagnetic ferrite, wherein the three-segment planar integrated waveguide comprises a two sections of arc lines and a section of linear planar integrated waveguide; the three ports of the circulator have T-shaped structures; and the center junction gyromagnetic ferrite is positioned at the center of the regularly-triangular medium cavity. The circulator provided by the invention has a T-shaped port structure, and a larger chip area for increasing the transition connection between a micro-strip and the integrated waveguide is not required to be sacrificed, so that the miniaturization and integration level of the entire device are further improved; and simultaneously, the circulator has the characteristics of high isolating performance, low insertion loss and small port standing wave, and can meet the application requirements of a miniaturized and integrated microwave/millimeter wave communication system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave, millimetric wave device technology part field, relate to plane integrated waveguide (SIW) circulator.
Background technology
Circulator is with the incident electromagnetic wave that gets into its arbitrary port, imports the multiport device of next port in proper order into according to the direction of being confirmed by quiet bias field.Owing to circulator has unidirectional (clockwise or counterclockwise) transmission characteristic, promptly the input signal of a certain port can only be exported from next port according to clockwise or counter clockwise direction, and other ports are not exported signal, so circulator also is called isolator usually.
The unidirectional transmission property of circulator is owing to adopted ferrite gyromagnetic material, this material to add outside under high frequency wave field and the acting in conjunction of Constant Direct Current magnetic field, produces gyromagnet characteristic (claiming the tensor permeability characteristic again).This just gyromagnet characteristic makes the electromagnetic wave of in ferrite, propagating that polarization rotation (Faraday effect) take place, and electromagnetic wave energy strong absorption (ferromagnetic resonance), utilizes this gyromagnet phenomenon just, produces junction type isolator or circulator.Characteristics such as it has that volume is little, bandwidth, Insertion Loss are little are widely used in all kinds of microwave telecommunication systems.
Common circulator is three port devices, has three and inputs or outputs port, is mutually 120 degree angles between three ports.Along with the development of transceiver communication system, various circulators arise at the historic moment, miniaturization be main with little band, but power is not high; High-power is main with waveguide, but not easy of integration.
For frequency; It is big that millimere-wave band has information capacity, good directionality, and have the little lightweight advantage of volume at the microwave device of millimere-wave band; Become the developing direction of the current communications field, so the circulator of millimere-wave band has become a research focus in the microwave communication device.
To today that miniaturization, integrated direction develop, many microwaves, millimetric wave device begin to adopt the plane integrated waveguide as the signal transport vehicle at all kinds of electronic devices and components.So-called plane integrated waveguide comprises the dielectric layer of two sides plated metal; And the metallization via hole that connects the two sides metal level and be parallel to each other; Form waveguiding structure by the two sides metal level with the metallization via hole that is connected the two sides metal level and is parallel to each other, the waveguide resonant cavity inside stuffing is dielectric layer (while is as the carrier support of metal level).
In the prior art, a kind of miniaturization of tool typical meaning, circulator that can be integrated are the circulator of plane integrated wave guide structure.The integrated waveguide junction circulator in plane is to adopt the plane integrated waveguide as the electromagnetic transmission passage; The center of integrated waveguide is provided with gyromagnetic ferrite (centre junction ferrite) on the plane; And a bias magnetic field ferrite is set simultaneously at centre junction ferrite place; Utilize the ferritic acting in conjunction of centre junction ferrite and bias magnetic field, for circulator provides gyromagnetic effect (unidirectional transmission property).
The integrated waveguide junction circulator structure in existing a kind of plane is as shown in Figure 1, and it has adopted the Y type centre junction structure of traditional circulator, is mutually 120 degree angles between its three ports.Though the integrated waveguide junction circulator own vol in this plane is little; But owing to adopt Y type centre junction structure; When realizing that the waveguide input/output end port is connected with microstrip line; Need to sacrifice bigger chip area and be used to increase little transition connection of taking integrated waveguide to, its miniaturization and integrated level remain further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of T type port plane integrated waveguide junction circulator, and this circulator has minute surface symmetrical structure characteristics, and two ports of minute surface symmetry are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the 3rd port, make to form T type structure between three ports; Because three ports of this circulator are T type structure, need not to sacrifice bigger chip area and be used to increase little transition connection of taking integrated waveguide to, thereby make integral device miniaturization and integrated level be further improved.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in a kind of T type port plane, as shown in Figure 2, have mirror symmetrical structure; Comprise an equilateral triangle dielectric cavity, three sections plane integrated waveguides, a centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite; Said three sections plane integrated waveguides comprise two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides and one section linear plane integrated waveguide, and three internal ports of three sections plane integrated waveguides link to each other with three limits of equilateral triangle dielectric cavity respectively, other three outside ports are as the port that inputs or outputs of circulator; Three outside ports of said three sections plane integrated waveguides form T type port organizations, and promptly the outside port of two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port of linear plane integrated waveguide; Said equilateral triangle dielectric cavity and three sections plane integrated waveguides are processed by the dielectric material integral body of two sides depositing metal layers, and wherein the sidewall of three sections plane integrated waveguides is formed by the plated-through hole that connects the two sides metal level; Said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite be shaped as cylinder, be positioned at equilateral triangle dielectric cavity center, its two circular surfaces are parallel with the metal level on dielectric material two sides and highly be no more than thickness of dielectric layers.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane that technique scheme provided can also comprise a bias magnetization ferrite; Said bias magnetization ferrite be positioned at said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite directly over or under.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane provided by the invention, when concrete design, should follow:
1, the equivalent broadside of establishing circulator midplane integrated waveguide according to the invention is of a size of a
Eff, according to rectangular waveguide basement membrane TE
10Cut-off frequency
With the circulator central task frequency f that proposes meter
0(require f
0＞f
C10), can confirm the broadside size range of plane integrated waveguide
Wherein μ is that magnetic permeability, the ε of dielectric material is the dielectric constant of dielectric material in the integrated waveguide of plane in the integrated waveguide of plane.
2, between said circulator midplane integrated waveguide two row's plated-through hole centers of circle apart from satisfying the empirical equation
of effective width apart from p between the diameter d of a, metal throuth hole and adjacent two the metal throuth hole centers of circle
3, adopt the theory of dielectric resonance, according to ferrite disk knot mould TM
111Resonon can know that it is the λ/4 open circuit dielectric resonance patterns of electric wall for magnetic wall another side that the centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite should satisfy one side
K wherein
0=2 π/λ
0, centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite radius is R, highly is ε for h, dielectric constant
f
4, the radian of said two sections arc-plane integrated waveguides is 30 °; Promptly with equilateral triangle dielectric cavity two sections arc-plane integrated waveguides linking to each other respectively of both sides wherein, outwards turn over respectively that 30 ° radian realizes just in time that the outside port of two sections arc-plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port (being T type port organization) of linear pattern plane integrated waveguide
5, be connected with coupling between the microstrip line for satisfying the integrated waveguide junction circulator in plane according to the invention; Between three ports of the integrated waveguide junction circulator in said plane and outside microstrip line circuit, adopt the gradual change microstrip line as the transition syndeton, the present invention provides two kinds of transition syndetons simultaneously: extensional mode transition syndeton and embedded transition syndeton.But embedded transition syndeton has littler volume circulator overall performance with respect to extensional mode transition syndeton can descend slightly.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane provided by the invention; Because three port design of circulator are become very compact T port organization; Need not to sacrifice bigger chip area and be used to increase little transition connection of taking integrated waveguide to, thereby make integral device miniaturization and integrated level be further improved; The integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane provided by the invention has the isolation performance height, inserts the characteristics that loss is low and the port standing wave is little simultaneously, can satisfy the application requirements of miniaturization, integrated form microwave/millimeter wave communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the integrated waveguide junction circulator structural representation in existing a kind of Y type port plane.
Fig. 2 is the integrated waveguide junction circulator structural representation in T type port provided by the invention plane.
Fig. 3 is plane integrated wave guide structure and geometric parameter sketch map.
Fig. 4 is the integrated waveguide junction circulator structural representation in T type port plane with extensional mode transition syndeton provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is the integrated waveguide junction circulator structural representation in T type port plane with embedded transition syndeton provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in a kind of T type port plane, as shown in Figure 2, have mirror symmetrical structure; Comprise an equilateral triangle dielectric cavity, three sections plane integrated waveguides, a centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite and a bias magnetization ferrite; Said three sections plane integrated waveguides comprise two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides and one section linear plane integrated waveguide, and three internal ports of three sections plane integrated waveguides link to each other with three limits of equilateral triangle dielectric cavity respectively, other three outside ports are as the port that inputs or outputs of circulator; Three outside ports of said three sections plane integrated waveguides form T type port organizations, and promptly the outside port of two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port of linear plane integrated waveguide; Said equilateral triangle dielectric cavity and three sections plane integrated waveguides are processed by the dielectric material integral body of two sides depositing metal layers, and wherein the sidewall of three sections plane integrated waveguides is formed by the plated-through hole that connects the two sides metal level; Said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite be shaped as cylinder, be positioned at equilateral triangle dielectric cavity center, its two circular surfaces are parallel with the metal level on dielectric material two sides and highly be no more than thickness of dielectric layers; Said bias magnetization ferrite be positioned at said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite directly over or under.
High-frequency work frequency to 35.5GHz-36GHz; (medium is polytetrafluoroethylene to use the TLY-5-0400-C1/C1-12X18 template material of taconic during design; Relative dielectric constant 2.17; Sheet material the thick of metal copper layer up and down is 20um, and sheet metal thickness is 1mm) to make, the process optimization Simulation finally obtains each dimensional parameters and is: plane integrated waveguide metal through-hole diameter d=0.5mn, pitch of holes p=1mm, height h=1mm; Plane integrated waveguide equivalent width a
Eff=5.3mm; Equilateral triangle length of side 6.6mm; The centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite adopts relative dielectric constant ε
r=13.5, saturation magnetization 4 π M
s=5000 Gausses' YCaV Ferrite Material is made, and its radius R is 0.88mm, highly is 1mm; The bias magnetic field size that the bias magnetization ferrite provides is 16000A/m.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in above-mentioned T type port plane; The back employing rectangle that completes connects waveguide and its performance of network vector analyzer test; Test result is: in frequency 35.5GHz～36GHz scope; Isolation is-25～-43dB, insert loss and be :-0.13～-0.2dB, standing wave is: 1.1～1.2.
Embodiment two
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in a kind of T type port plane, as shown in Figure 2, have mirror symmetrical structure; Comprise an equilateral triangle dielectric cavity, three sections plane integrated waveguides, a centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite and a bias magnetization ferrite; Said three sections plane integrated waveguides comprise two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides and one section linear plane integrated waveguide, and three internal ports of three sections plane integrated waveguides link to each other with three limits of equilateral triangle dielectric cavity respectively, other three outside ports are as the port that inputs or outputs of circulator; Three outside ports of said three sections plane integrated waveguides form T type port organizations, and promptly the outside port of two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port of linear plane integrated waveguide; Said equilateral triangle dielectric cavity and three sections plane integrated waveguides are processed by the dielectric material integral body of two sides depositing metal layers, and wherein the sidewall of three sections plane integrated waveguides is formed by the plated-through hole that connects the two sides metal level; Said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite be shaped as cylinder, be positioned at equilateral triangle dielectric cavity center, its two circular surfaces are parallel with the metal level on dielectric material two sides and highly be no more than thickness of dielectric layers; Said bias magnetization ferrite be positioned at said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite directly over or under.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in above-mentioned T type port plane; Also comprise the transition syndeton; Said transition syndeton is an extensional mode transition syndeton; Said extensional mode transition syndeton is the gradual change type microstrip line, and gradual change type microstrip line one end links to each other with the port that inputs or outputs of circulator, and the other end links to each other with the outside microstrip circuit of circulator; The gradual manner of gradual change type microstrip line is rectigradation or curve gradual manner.
High-frequency work frequency to 35.5GHz-36GHz; (medium is polytetrafluoroethylene to use the TLY-5-0400-C1/C1-12X18 template material of taconic during design; Relative dielectric constant 2.17; Sheet material the thick of metal copper layer up and down is 20um, and sheet metal thickness is 1mm) to make, the process optimization Simulation finally obtains each dimensional parameters and is: plane integrated waveguide metal through-hole diameter d=0.5mm, pitch of holes p=1mm, height h=1mm; Plane integrated waveguide equivalent width a
Eff=5.3mm; Equilateral triangle length of side 6.6mm; The centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite adopts relative dielectric constant ε
r=13.5, saturation magnetization 4 π M
s=5000 Gausses' YCaV Ferrite Material is made, and its radius R is 0.88mm, highly is 1mm; The bias magnetic field size that the bias magnetization ferrite provides is 16000A/m; The wide 4.1mm of being of the end that rectigradation formula microstrip line links to each other with the plane integrated waveguide, the wide 3.3mm of being of an end, the gradual change length that link to each other with the external circuit microstrip line are 1.1mm.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in above-mentioned T type port plane; Back employing standard coaxial joint and its performance of network vector analyzer test complete; Test result is: in frequency 35.5GHz～36GHz scope; Isolation is-22～-38dB, insert loss and be :-0.14～-0.2dB, standing wave is: 1.1～1.2.
Embodiment three
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in a kind of T type port plane, as shown in Figure 2, have mirror symmetrical structure; Comprise an equilateral triangle dielectric cavity, three sections plane integrated waveguides, a centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite and a bias magnetization ferrite; Said three sections plane integrated waveguides comprise two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides and one section linear plane integrated waveguide, and three internal ports of three sections plane integrated waveguides link to each other with three limits of equilateral triangle dielectric cavity respectively, other three outside ports are as the port that inputs or outputs of circulator; Three outside ports of said three sections plane integrated waveguides form T type port organizations, and promptly the outside port of two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port of linear plane integrated waveguide; Said equilateral triangle dielectric cavity and three sections plane integrated waveguides are processed by the dielectric material integral body of two sides depositing metal layers, and wherein the sidewall of three sections plane integrated waveguides is formed by the plated-through hole that connects the two sides metal level; Said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite be shaped as cylinder, be positioned at equilateral triangle dielectric cavity center, its two circular surfaces are parallel with the metal level on dielectric material two sides and highly be no more than thickness of dielectric layers; Said bias magnetization ferrite be positioned at said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite directly over or under.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in above-mentioned T type port plane; Also comprise the transition syndeton; Said transition syndeton is embedded transition syndeton; Said embedded transition syndeton is the gradual change type microstrip line, and gradual change type microstrip line one end links to each other with the port that inputs or outputs of circulator, and the other end links to each other with the outside microstrip circuit of circulator; The gradual manner of gradual change type microstrip line is rectigradation or curve gradual manner.
High-frequency work frequency to 35.5GHz-36GHz; (medium is polytetrafluoroethylene to use the TLY-5-0400-C1/C1-12X18 template material of taconic during design; Relative dielectric constant 2.17; Sheet material the thick of metal copper layer up and down is 20um, and sheet metal thickness is 1mm) to make, the process optimization Simulation finally obtains each dimensional parameters and is: plane integrated waveguide metal through-hole diameter d=0.5mm, pitch of holes p=0.6mm, height h=1mm; Plane integrated waveguide equivalent width a
Eff=5.3mm; Equilateral triangle length of side 6.6mm; The centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite adopts relative dielectric constant ε
r=13.5, saturation magnetization 4 π M
s=5000 Gausses' YCaV Ferrite Material is made, and its radius R is 0.88mm, highly is 1mm; The bias magnetic field size that the bias magnetization ferrite provides is 16000A/m; The wide 4.1mm of being of the end that rectigradation formula microstrip line links to each other with the plane integrated waveguide, the wide 3.4mm of being of an end, the gradual change length that link to each other with the external circuit microstrip line are that 1.0mm, insert depth are 0.7mm.
The integrated waveguide junction circulator in above-mentioned T type port plane; Back employing standard coaxial joint and its performance of network vector analyzer test complete; Test result is: in frequency 35.5GHz～36GHz scope; Isolation is-21～-31dB, insert loss and be :-0.14～-0.22dB, standing wave is: 1.1～1.2.
Claims (9)
1. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane has mirror symmetrical structure; Comprise an equilateral triangle dielectric cavity, three sections plane integrated waveguides, a centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite; Said three sections plane integrated waveguides comprise two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides and one section linear plane integrated waveguide, and three internal ports of three sections plane integrated waveguides link to each other with three limits of equilateral triangle dielectric cavity respectively, other three outside ports are as the port that inputs or outputs of circulator; Three outside ports of said three sections plane integrated waveguides form T type port organizations, and promptly the outside port of two sections camber line shape plane integrated waveguides is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the outside port of linear plane integrated waveguide; Said equilateral triangle dielectric cavity and three sections plane integrated waveguides are processed by the dielectric material integral body of two sides depositing metal layers, and wherein the sidewall of three sections plane integrated waveguides is formed by the plated-through hole that connects the two sides metal level; Said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite be shaped as cylinder, be positioned at equilateral triangle dielectric cavity center, its two circular surfaces are parallel with the metal level on dielectric material two sides and highly be no more than thickness of dielectric layers.
2. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the integrated waveguide junction circulator in said T type port plane also comprises a bias magnetization ferrite; Said bias magnetization ferrite be positioned at said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite directly over or under.
3. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the equivalent broadside size of said three sections plane integrated waveguides
wherein μ is that magnetic permeability, the ε of dielectric material is the dielectric constant of dielectric material in the integrated waveguide of plane in the integrated waveguide of plane.
4. according to the integrated waveguide junction circulator of claim 1 or 3 described T type port planes; It is characterized in that, between said circulator midplane integrated waveguide two row's plated-through hole centers of circle apart from satisfying the empirical equation
of effective width apart from p between the diameter d of a, metal throuth hole and adjacent two the metal throuth hole centers of circle
5. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is the λ/4 open circuit dielectric resonance patterns of electric wall for magnetic wall another side that said centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite satisfies one side
K wherein
0=2 π/λ
0, centre junction gyromagnetic ferrite radius is R, highly is ε for h, dielectric constant
f
6. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the integrated waveguide junction circulator in said T type port plane also comprises the transition syndeton; Said transition syndeton is an extensional mode transition syndeton.
7. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the integrated waveguide junction circulator in said T type port plane also comprises the transition syndeton; Said transition syndeton is embedded transition syndeton.
8. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said extensional mode transition syndeton is the gradual change type microstrip line, and gradual change type microstrip line one end links to each other with the port that inputs or outputs of circulator, and the other end links to each other with the outside microstrip circuit of circulator; The gradual manner of gradual change type microstrip line is rectigradation or curve gradual manner.
9. the integrated waveguide junction circulator in T type port plane according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; Said embedded transition syndeton is the gradual change type microstrip line, and gradual change type microstrip line one end links to each other with the port that inputs or outputs of circulator, and the other end links to each other with the outside microstrip circuit of circulator; The gradual manner of gradual change type microstrip line is rectigradation or curve gradual manner.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104064842A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-24 | 电子科技大学 | X-waveband filled band substrate integrated waveguide circulator |
| CN106785283A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | Three port co-planar waveguide circulators |
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| CN201797032U (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-04-13 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | 3 mm circulator for waveguide isolator |
| CN202111205U (en) * | 2011-07-10 | 2012-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | Planar integrated waveguide circulator with T-shaped ports |
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2011
- 2011-07-10 CN CN201110191730A patent/CN102324612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201797032U (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-04-13 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | 3 mm circulator for waveguide isolator |
| CN202111205U (en) * | 2011-07-10 | 2012-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | Planar integrated waveguide circulator with T-shaped ports |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| D.G. ZHANG ET AL.: "8mm T-junction waveguide circulator with a ferrite sphere", 《ELECTRONICS LETERS》, vol. 31, no. 25, 31 December 1995 (1995-12-31) * |
| WENQUAN CHE ET AL.: "Miniaturized Planar Ferrite Junction Circulator in the Form of Substrate-Integrated Waveguide", 《WILEY INTER SCIENCE》, 31 December 2007 (2007-12-31) * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104064842A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-24 | 电子科技大学 | X-waveband filled band substrate integrated waveguide circulator |
| CN104064842B (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2016-12-07 | 电子科技大学 | X-band filled band substrate integration wave-guide circulator |
| CN106785283A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | Three port co-planar waveguide circulators |
| CN106785283B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2022-04-01 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所有限公司 | Three-port coplanar waveguide circulator |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |