CN112928303A - Fuel cell thermal management system and fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell thermal management system and fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112928303A CN112928303A CN202110206012.XA CN202110206012A CN112928303A CN 112928303 A CN112928303 A CN 112928303A CN 202110206012 A CN202110206012 A CN 202110206012A CN 112928303 A CN112928303 A CN 112928303A
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- fuel cell
- bypass
- heat exchange
- cold start
- management system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell heat management system which comprises a coolant circulation main path and a fuel cell connected in series in the coolant circulation main path, wherein the fuel cell comprises a cell water inlet and a cell water outlet, a main circulation water pump and a first three-way reversing valve are sequentially connected in series on the coolant circulation main path along the direction from the cell water outlet to the cell water inlet, the first three-way reversing valve is also connected to the cell water inlet through a cold start bypass, and a heating device for heating coolant is arranged on the cold start bypass. The invention utilizes the heating device to heat the cooling liquid by arranging the cold start bypass, thereby quickly heating the fuel cell and shortening the cold start time. The invention also discloses a fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell thermal management system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell thermal management system and a fuel cell system.
Background
With the gradual industrialization of the fuel cell system for the vehicle, the thermal management requirements for the fuel cell vehicle will be gradually improved, and the fuel cell thermal management system faces the problem of difficult cold start under a low-temperature environment. The traditional engine can be directly started for 1-2 minutes at low temperature to complete heat engine, while the fuel cell system is difficult to start at low temperature and cannot be used for marking the traditional fuel vehicle, because water generated by electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell is easy to freeze, the performance is poor, quick power output cannot be realized, and the starting cannot be performed or the starting time is long.
Therefore, how to realize the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell system is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system for realizing low-temperature fast start of a fuel cell system.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell system including the fuel cell thermal management system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell thermal management system, include coolant liquid circulation main road and establish ties in fuel cell in the coolant liquid circulation main road, fuel cell includes battery water inlet and battery delivery port, follow on the coolant liquid circulation main road the battery delivery port extremely the direction of battery water inlet is established ties in proper order and is provided with main circulating water pump and first three-way switching-over valve, first three-way switching-over valve still through cold-start bypass connect in the battery water inlet, be provided with the heating device who is used for heating the coolant liquid on the cold-start bypass.
Preferably, the main circulating water pump is a bidirectional water pump;
and/or the cold start bypass is also provided with a bypass water pump, and the driving direction of the bypass water pump is opposite to that of the main circulating water pump.
Preferably, the heating device is a PTC heater.
Preferably, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a heat exchange circulation path and an air-conditioning heating circulation path, the heating device and the second three-way reversing valve are sequentially arranged on the cold start bypass along the direction from the battery water outlet to the battery water inlet, the cold start bypass between the first three-way reversing valve and the heating device is connected with a heat exchange bypass, the other end of the heat exchange bypass is connected with the second three-way reversing valve, the heat exchange bypass is provided with a heat exchange switch valve and a heat exchanger, the heat exchange circulation path comprises the heat exchange bypass and the cold start bypass connected with the heat exchange bypass in parallel, the heat exchange circulation path is also provided with a heat exchange circulation water pump, the air-conditioning heating circulation path is provided with a heating circulation pump and an air-conditioning warm air component, and the heat exchange circulation path and the air-conditioning heating circulation path exchange heat through the heat exchanger.
Preferably, the heat exchange circulating water pump is arranged on the cold start bypass between the first three-way reversing valve and the heating device, or the heat exchange circulating water pump is arranged on the cold start bypass between the heating device and the second three-way reversing valve.
Preferably, a first end of the heat exchange bypass is connected to the cold start bypass between the first three-way reversing valve and the heat exchange circulating water pump, a second end of the heat exchange bypass is connected to the second three-way reversing valve, and the heat exchange switch valve is arranged between the first end of the heat exchange bypass and the heat exchanger.
Preferably, the heat exchanger is a water-water heat exchanger.
Preferably, the battery water inlet and the battery water outlet are both provided with temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the cooling liquid.
Preferably, a radiator is further arranged on the cooling liquid circulation main path between the first three-way reversing valve and the battery water inlet.
Preferably, a third three-way reversing valve is connected in series on the main coolant circulation path between the radiator and the battery water inlet, filtering bypasses are connected in parallel at two ends of the radiator, one end of each filtering bypass is connected to the main coolant circulation path between the first three-way reversing valve and the radiator, the other end of each filtering bypass is connected to the third three-way reversing valve, and an ion filter is arranged on each filtering bypass.
The invention provides a fuel cell heat management system which comprises a coolant circulation main path and a fuel cell connected in series in the coolant circulation main path, wherein the fuel cell comprises a cell water inlet and a cell water outlet, a main circulation water pump and a first three-way reversing valve are sequentially connected in series on the coolant circulation main path along the direction from the cell water outlet to the cell water inlet, the first three-way reversing valve is also connected to the cell water inlet through a cold start bypass, and a heating device for heating coolant is arranged on the cold start bypass.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when starting the fuel cell system under the low temperature environment, through adjusting the coolant liquid circulation main route between the first tee bend switching-over valve of first tee bend switching-over valve disconnection to the battery water inlet, and switch on the cold start bypass of first tee bend switching-over valve to battery water inlet, make the coolant liquid that the battery delivery port flows through the cold start bypass, fuel cell during operation makes the coolant liquid intensifie through the heat that self produced, and simultaneously, utilize the electric energy start-up heating device work that fuel cell produced, thereby further heat the coolant liquid that flows through heating device, make coolant liquid temperature rise fast, and then fuel cell intensifies with higher speed, shorten cold start-up time. And after the fuel cell system is successfully started, the cold start bypass is disconnected by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve, and the cooling liquid circulation main path is switched on, so that the fuel cell system can normally run.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the fuel cell system is provided with the cold start bypass, and the heating device is used for heating the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the fuel cell is quickly increased, and the cold start time is shortened;
2) according to the invention, by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve, part of cooling liquid is utilized to flow through the cold start bypass and the fuel cell during cold start, and all the cooling liquid is not required to flow through the fuel cell, so that the circulation quantity of the cooling liquid is reduced, the heat capacity of a cooling system is reduced, and the purposes of quickly heating the fuel cell and further shortening the cold start time are achieved;
3) in a preferred scheme of the invention, a bidirectional water pump is used as a main circulating water pump or a reversely driven bypass water pump is arranged in a cold start bypass, so that cooling liquid can alternately enter a fuel cell from a water inlet of the cell and a water outlet of the cell, and the positive and negative bidirectional circulation of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell is realized, thereby enabling the temperature rise in the fuel cell to be more uniform and balanced, and further accelerating the cold start process.
The invention also provides a fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell thermal management system. The derivation process of the beneficial effect of the fuel cell system is substantially similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the fuel cell thermal management system, and therefore, the description is omitted here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a fuel cell thermal management system at room temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a fuel cell thermal management system during cold start at low temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a fuel cell thermal management system during independent heating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation principle of the fuel cell thermal management system in the waste heat heating according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The meaning of the various reference numerals in figures 1 to 5 is as follows:
1-fuel cell, 2-battery water outlet, 3-outlet temperature sensor, 4-main circulating water pump, 5-first three-way reversing valve, 6-heat exchange circulating water pump, 7-heating device, 8-second three-way reversing valve, 9-inlet temperature sensor, 10-battery water inlet, 11-heat exchange switch valve, 12-heat exchanger, 13-air conditioner warm air component, 14-heating circulating pump, 15-radiator, 16-ion filter, 17-third three-way reversing valve, 100-coolant liquid circulating main path, 200-cold start bypass, 300-heat exchange bypass, 400-air conditioner heating circulating path, 500-filtration bypass.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention provides a fuel cell heat management system which comprises a cooling liquid circulation main road 100 and a fuel cell 1 connected in series in the cooling liquid circulation main road 100, wherein the fuel cell 1 comprises a cell water inlet 10 and a cell water outlet 2, a main circulation water pump 4 and a first three-way reversing valve 5 are sequentially arranged on the cooling liquid circulation main road 100 in series along the direction from the cell water outlet 2 to the cell water inlet 10, the first three-way reversing valve 5 is also connected to the cell water inlet 10 through a cold start bypass 200, and a heating device 7 for heating cooling liquid is arranged on the cold start bypass 200. As shown in fig. 1, two ports of the first three-way directional control valve 5 are connected in series to the main coolant circulation path 100, a third port of the first three-way directional control valve 5 is connected to the cold start bypass 200, and the other end of the cold start bypass 200 is connected to the battery water inlet 10. The heating device 7 is disposed in the cold start bypass 200 for heating the cooling liquid flowing through the cold start bypass 200, and may specifically adopt an electric heating wire or a PTC heater, etc., and preferably, the heating device 7 in this embodiment is a PTC heater.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when starting the fuel cell system under the low temperature environment, through adjusting first tee bend switching-over valve 5 disconnection first tee bend switching-over valve 5 to the coolant liquid circulation main road 100 between the battery water inlet 10, and switch on first tee bend switching-over valve 5 to the cold start bypass 200 of battery water inlet 10, make the coolant liquid that battery delivery port 2 flows through cold start bypass 200, fuel cell 1 makes the coolant liquid heat up through the heat that self produced during operation, simultaneously, utilize the electric energy start-up heating device 7 work that fuel cell 1 produced, thereby further heat the coolant liquid that flows through heating device 7, make the coolant liquid temperature rise fast, and then accelerate fuel cell and heat up, shorten cold start-up time. When the fuel cell system is started successfully, the cold start bypass 200 is disconnected by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve 5, and the cooling liquid circulation main circuit 100 is connected, so that the fuel cell system can operate normally.
Preferably, the battery water inlet 10 and the battery water outlet 2 are both provided with temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the cooling liquid, as shown in fig. 1, the battery water inlet 10 is provided with an inlet temperature sensor 9, the battery water outlet 2 is provided with an outlet temperature sensor 3, and the scheme realizes real-time monitoring of the temperature of the inlet and outlet water of the fuel battery 1 through the temperature sensors at the two positions. Furthermore, the temperature sensor is connected with a fuel cell thermal management system controller, and the output power of the main circulating water pump 4, the fuel cell radiator and other components can be adjusted according to the real-time temperature of the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the fuel cell ignited by different working operations can be accurately controlled.
Preferably, a radiator 15 is further arranged on the main cooling liquid circulation path 100 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the battery water inlet 10. The fuel cell system emits heat under normal operation conditions and heats the coolant flowing through the fuel cell 1, and when the coolant flows through the coolant circulation main path 100, the heat is exchanged between the radiator 15 and an external cold source, so that the coolant is cooled, and then the coolant is introduced into the fuel cell 1 to be cooled. Of course, the main coolant circulation path 100 of the present invention may be provided without the radiator 15, and the heat of the coolant may be dissipated by exchanging heat between the main coolant circulation path 100 and the external natural cold air.
Further preferably, a third three-way reversing valve 17 is connected in series to the main coolant circulation path 100 between the radiator 15 and the battery water inlet 10, two ends of the radiator 15 are connected in parallel to a filtering bypass 500, one end of the filtering bypass 500 is connected to the main coolant circulation path 100 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the radiator 15, the other end of the filtering bypass 500 is connected to the third three-way reversing valve 17, and an ion filter 16 is disposed on the filtering bypass 500. The invention can control the flow of the cooling liquid flowing through the radiator 15 and the ion filter 16 by changing the working position and the opening of the third three-way reversing valve 17, adjust the heat dissipation flow, control the temperature of the fuel cell ignited by different work, ensure the fuel cell to work in a proper temperature range, and achieve the effects of improving the performance of the fuel cell and improving the economy.
Referring to fig. 2, the working principle of the fuel cell thermal management system at normal temperature is as follows: the cooling liquid circulation main path 100 is connected by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve 5, the main circulation water pump 4 operates to drive the cooling liquid to circulate, the fuel cell 1 generates heat when working, the temperature of the cooling liquid rises after absorbing the heat and flows out of the fuel cell 1 from the cell water outlet 2, then the cooling liquid flows through the radiator 15 to dissipate the heat, the cooling liquid with the reduced temperature returns to the fuel cell 1 through the cell water inlet 10, wherein the inlet temperature sensor 9 and the outlet temperature sensor 3 monitor the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing in and out of the fuel cell 1 in real time, the flow of the cooling liquid flowing through the radiator 15 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the third three-way reversing valve 17, the third three-way reversing valve 17 is also connected with the filtering bypass 500 at the same time, and the ion filter 16 is used. When the operating temperature of the fuel cell 1 is higher than the preset proper temperature range, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the radiator 15 is increased by increasing the opening degree of the third three-way reversing valve 17, so that the coolant in the coolant circulation main circuit 100 is further cooled by the radiator 15; when the operating temperature of the fuel cell 1 is lower than the preset appropriate temperature range, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the radiator 15 is reduced by reducing the opening degree of the third three-way selector valve 17, thereby raising the temperature of the fuel cell 1. The ion filter 16 filters ions in the cooling liquid, and is used for controlling the conductivity of the cooling liquid, reducing the system conductivity and avoiding the risk of electric leakage.
In a preferred embodiment, the main water circulation pump 4 is a bidirectional water pump, that is, the main water circulation pump 4 can be operated in a forward direction and a reverse direction, so as to change the flow direction of the coolant in the main coolant circulation path 100, and a cam pump, a gear pump, or the like can be used. In another preferred solution, the cold start bypass 200 is further provided with a bypass water pump, and the driving direction of the bypass water pump is opposite to the driving direction of the main circulation water pump 4, i.e. two water pumps are respectively used for driving the coolant to flow in different directions in the main coolant circulation path 100. In these two kinds of preferred schemes, this scheme can be through the operation of the two-way water pump of control reversal in turn, perhaps make main circulating water pump 4 and bypass water pump alternate operation through the condition of opening of control main circulating water pump 4 and bypass water pump to make the coolant liquid follow battery water inlet 10 and battery delivery port 2 in getting into fuel cell 1 in turn, so set up, can make the inside temperature rise of fuel cell 1 more even, avoid appearing the very big condition of fuel cell 1's coolant liquid import and export difference in temperature, thereby further promote fuel cell performance.
Referring to fig. 3, the operation principle of the fuel cell thermal management system during low-temperature cold start is as follows: adjusting the first three-way reversing valve 5 disconnects the main coolant circulation path 100 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the battery water inlet 10 and switches on the cold start bypass 200, i.e., part of the coolant is made to circulate only in the fuel cell 1, the cold start bypass 200 and the main coolant circulation path 100. Fuel cell 1 during operation heaies up through the heat-generating mode of self, simultaneously, utilizes the electric energy start-up heating device 7 work of fuel cell 1 production to further heat the coolant liquid that flows through heating device 7, make coolant liquid temperature rise fast, and then accelerate fuel cell 1's intensification, shorten cold start time. By controlling the bidirectional water pump to alternatively rotate forward and backward or controlling the main circulating water pump 4 and the bypass water pump (the heat exchange circulating water pump 6 in fig. 3) to alternatively operate, the cooling liquid alternately enters the fuel cell 1 from the cell water inlet 10 and the cell water outlet 3, so that the temperature rise inside the fuel cell 1 is uniform, the condition that the temperature difference between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell 1 is very large is avoided, and the performance of the fuel cell is improved. When the fuel cell system is started successfully, the cold start bypass 200 is disconnected by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve 5, and the cooling liquid circulation main circuit 100 is connected, so that the fuel cell system can operate normally.
Preferably, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a heat exchange circulation path and an air-conditioning heating circulation path 400, a heating device 7 and a second three-way reversing valve 8 are sequentially arranged on the cold start bypass 200 along the direction from the battery water outlet 3 to the battery water inlet 10, the cold start bypass 200 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the heating device 7 is connected with a heat exchange bypass 300, the other end of the heat exchange bypass 300 is connected with the second three-way reversing valve 8, a heat exchange switch valve 11 and a heat exchanger 12 are arranged on the heat exchange bypass 300, the heat exchange circulation path comprises the heat exchange bypass 300 and the cold start bypass 200 connected in parallel with the heat exchange bypass 300, the heat exchange circulation path is further provided with a heat exchange circulation water pump 6, the air-conditioning heating circulation path 400 is provided with a heating circulation pump 14 and an air-conditioning warm air assembly 13, and heat exchange is carried.
Preferably, the heat exchange circulating water pump 6 is arranged on the cold start bypass 200 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the heating device 7, or the heat exchange circulating water pump 6 is arranged on the cold start bypass 200 between the heating device 7 and the second three-way reversing valve 8, so that the heat exchange circulating water pump 6 can also serve as a bypass water pump for use in low-temperature cold start. As shown in fig. 4, a heat exchange circulating water pump 6 is disposed on a section of the cold start bypass 200 between the connection point of the heat exchange bypass 300 and the cold start bypass 200 and the heating device 7.
Preferably, a first end of the heat exchange bypass 300 is connected to the cold start bypass 200 between the first three-way reversing valve 5 and the heat exchange circulating water pump 6, a second end of the heat exchange bypass 300 is connected to the second three-way reversing valve 8, and the heat exchange switch valve 11 is disposed between the first end of the heat exchange bypass 300 and the heat exchanger 12. Of course, the heat exchange switching valve 11 may be disposed at other positions of the heat exchange bypass 300.
The heat exchanger 12 is configured to exchange heat between the heat exchange circulation path and the air-conditioning heating circulation path 400, so as to transfer heat generated by the heating device 7 in the heat exchange circulation path to the air-conditioning heating circulation path 400, and finally, the air-conditioning warm air module 13 delivers hot air to the vehicle interior. According to different heat exchange modes, the heat exchanger 12 can adopt a water-water heat exchanger or an air-water heat exchanger, and preferably, the heat exchanger 12 in the scheme is a water-water heat exchanger.
Referring to fig. 4, after the fuel cell system is successfully started in a cold state, but the fuel cell system cannot generate enough waste heat to provide heat for heating the entire vehicle, the operating principle of the fuel cell thermal management system in independent heating is as follows: the first three-way reversing valve 5 is adjusted to disconnect the cold start bypass 200 and connect the main coolant circulation path 100 to the radiator 15, and since the fuel cell 1 itself has no heat dissipation requirement at the present stage and is still in the coolant heating process, the coolant flows back to the cell water inlet 10 after passing through the ion filter 16 and the third three-way reversing valve 17 by adjusting the third three-way reversing valve 17, the second three-way reversing valve 8 is adjusted to disconnect the cold start bypass 200 from the fuel cell 1 and communicate the heating device 7 and the heat exchanger 12, the heat exchange switch valve 11 is opened, the heating device 7 is started and the heat exchange circulation water pump 6 is operated to raise the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange circulation path, so that the heat generated by the heating device 7 is transferred to the air conditioning and heating circulation path 400 through the heat exchanger 12, the heating circulation pump 14 and the air conditioning and warm air assembly 13 are operated, and finally the hot air is delivered.
Referring to fig. 5, when the fuel cell system is operating normally and there is residual heat, the operating principle of the fuel cell thermal management system during residual heat heating is as follows: adjust first tee bend switching-over valve 5 and communicate coolant liquid circulation main road 100 and cold start bypass 200 simultaneously, adjust second tee bend switching-over valve 8 disconnection cold start bypass 200 to fuel cell 1's connection, open heat transfer ooff valve 11, make the coolant liquid of high temperature get into heat exchanger 12, operation heating circulating pump 14 and air conditioner warm braw subassembly 13 send hot-blast into the car, at this moment, need not to start heating device 7, can utilize the high temperature coolant liquid after fuel cell 1 heats for whole car heating provides the heat. If the heat of the coolant is still redundant after being used for heating, a part of the coolant can flow through the radiator 15 to dissipate the heat by adjusting the third three-way reversing valve 17, so that the fuel cell 1 can be ensured to work in a proper temperature range.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention adjusts the heat dissipation flow through the third three-way reversing valve 17, controls the temperature of the fuel cell ignited by different work, ensures that the fuel cell 1 works in a proper temperature range, improves the performance of the fuel cell and improves the economy;
2) according to the invention, the cold start bypass 200 is arranged, and the heating device 7 is used for heating the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is rapidly increased, and the cold start time is shortened;
3) according to the invention, by adjusting the first three-way reversing valve 5, part of cooling liquid is utilized to flow through the cold start bypass 200 and the fuel cell 1 during cold start, and all the cooling liquid does not need to flow through the fuel cell 1, so that the circulation quantity of the cooling liquid is reduced, the heat capacity of a cooling system is reduced, and the purposes of quickly heating the fuel cell and further shortening the cold start time are achieved;
4) according to the invention, the bidirectional water pump rotates positively and negatively or the main circulating water pump 4 and the bypass water pump are controlled to operate alternately, so that cooling liquid alternately enters the fuel cell 1 from the cell water inlet 10 and the cell water outlet 2, the temperature rise in the fuel cell 1 is more uniform, the situation that the temperature difference between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell 1 is extremely large is avoided, the performance of the fuel cell is further improved, and the cold start time is shortened;
5) according to the invention, the heat exchange circulation path and the air-conditioning heating circulation path 400 are arranged, the heating device 7 is used for providing heat for heating the whole vehicle, and the heating requirement of the whole vehicle in a low-temperature environment can be met before the fuel cell system has no redundant heat;
6) according to the invention, through on-off control of the first three-way reversing valve 5, the second three-way reversing valve 8, the heat exchange switch valve 11 and the like, when the fuel cell system has redundant heat, high-temperature cooling liquid can be shunted to the heat exchange bypass 300, and the heat is provided to the air-conditioning heating circulation path 400 through the heat exchanger 12, so that the purpose of providing heat for heating the whole vehicle by using the high-temperature cooling liquid is realized, the waste heat utilization of the fuel cell 1 is realized, the environmental adaptability of the fuel cell system is expanded, and the vehicle economy is improved.
The fuel cell heat management system provided by the invention can be a vehicle fuel cell heat management system, and can also be applied to other technical fields, such as the technical fields of energy storage, manufacturing and the like.
The invention also provides a fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell thermal management system. The derivation process of the beneficial effect of the fuel cell system is substantially similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the fuel cell thermal management system, and therefore, the description is omitted here. It should be noted that the fuel cell system provided by the present invention can be applied to a new energy vehicle, that is, the fuel cell system can be a vehicle fuel cell system. Of course, the fuel cell system provided by the invention can also be applied to other technical fields such as energy storage, manufacturing and the like.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell thermal management system, include coolant liquid circulation main road and establish ties in fuel cell in the coolant liquid circulation main road, fuel cell includes battery water inlet and battery delivery port, its characterized in that, coolant liquid circulation main road is gone up along battery delivery port extremely the direction of battery water inlet is established ties in proper order and is provided with main circulating water pump and first three-way switching-over valve, first three-way switching-over valve still through cold start-up bypass connect in the battery water inlet, be provided with the heating device who is used for heating coolant liquid on the cold start-up bypass.
2. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the main water circulation pump is a bi-directional water pump;
and/or the cold start bypass is also provided with a bypass water pump, and the driving direction of the bypass water pump is opposite to that of the main circulating water pump.
3. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the heating device is a PTC heater.
4. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a heat exchange circulation path and an air conditioning and heating circulation path, the heating device and the second three-way reversing valve are sequentially arranged on the cold start bypass along the direction from the battery water outlet to the battery water inlet, the cold start bypass between the first three-way reversing valve and the heating device is connected with a heat exchange bypass, the other end of the heat exchange bypass is connected with the second three-way reversing valve, the heat exchange bypass is provided with a heat exchange switch valve and a heat exchanger, the heat exchange circulation path comprises the heat exchange bypass and the cold start bypass connected with the heat exchange bypass in parallel, the heat exchange circulation path is also provided with a heat exchange circulation water pump, the air-conditioning heating circulation path is provided with a heating circulation pump and an air-conditioning warm air component, and the heat exchange circulation path and the air-conditioning heating circulation path exchange heat through the heat exchanger.
5. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the heat exchange circulating water pump is disposed on the cold start bypass between the first three-way diverter valve and the heating device, or wherein the heat exchange circulating water pump is disposed on the cold start bypass between the heating device and the second three-way diverter valve.
6. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 5, wherein a first end of the heat exchange bypass is connected to the cold start bypass between the first three-way reversing valve and the heat exchange circulating water pump, a second end of the heat exchange bypass is connected to the second three-way reversing valve, and the heat exchange switching valve is disposed between the first end of the heat exchange bypass and the heat exchanger.
7. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger is a water-water heat exchanger.
8. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the battery water inlet and the battery water outlet are each provided with a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the coolant.
9. The fuel cell thermal management system of any of claims 1-8, wherein a radiator is further disposed on the coolant circulation main between the first three-way reversing valve and the battery water inlet.
10. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 9, wherein a third three-way reversing valve is connected in series to the main coolant circulation path between the radiator and the battery water inlet, a filtering bypass is connected in parallel to both ends of the radiator, one end of the filtering bypass is connected to the main coolant circulation path between the first three-way reversing valve and the radiator, the other end of the filtering bypass is connected to the third three-way reversing valve, and an ion filter is disposed on the filtering bypass.
11. A fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| CN202110206012.XA CN112928303A (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Fuel cell thermal management system and fuel cell system |
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| WO2022262428A1 (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle, method, vehicle and medium |
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Address after: 201800 No. 1788, xiechun Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai Applicant after: Shanghai jiehydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 1728 xiechun Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai, 201804 Applicant before: Shanghai Jet Hydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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