CN112926798A - Method, device, equipment and medium for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring basic data of a power station and weather; weather correction is carried out on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data; calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data; and predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number. According to the method, the loss of the generated energy caused by dust can be predicted only by analyzing related data without cleaning a robot in place or manually keeping the comparison group assembly clean, convenience is achieved, the generating efficiency of the power station is used instead of the generated energy in the prediction process, weather correction is performed on the generating efficiency, weather factors can be eliminated, the comparability of the generating efficiency every day is guaranteed, the annual generated energy calculation accuracy of the power station is improved, and the accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust.
Background
When predicting the power generation capacity of a photovoltaic power station, technicians consider the influence of dust on the power generation capacity. However, due to various degrees of influence of factors such as weather, geographical environment, and operation and maintenance, quantification of power generation loss due to dust (hereinafter, collectively referred to as dust loss) is a difficult task.
The traditional dust loss measurement method is as follows: firstly, measuring the power generation capacity of a component with dust in a certain time, then immediately cleaning the component and measuring the power generation capacity again in the same time, wherein the difference value of the two power generation capacities is the dust loss. Disadvantages of this measurement method include: requiring a professional to be on site; the number of components measured is limited; the measurement can not be carried out at any time, otherwise the workload is huge. Therefore, technicians generally set the annual dust loss as a constant by an empirical method, which is simple but directly results in a reduction in the accuracy of the calculation result of the annual power generation amount of the power plant.
Therefore, how to effectively predict the dust loss to improve the calculation accuracy of the annual power generation of the power station is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a device and a medium for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, which can ensure comparability of daily power generation efficiency and more accurately and conveniently predict power generation loss caused by dust. The specific scheme is as follows:
a method of predicting dust-induced loss of photovoltaic power generation, comprising:
acquiring basic data of a power station and weather;
performing weather correction on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
and predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided in the embodiment of the present invention, obtaining basic data of a power station and weather specifically includes:
acquiring the daily power generation amount of the power station from the inverter data monitoring system;
and acquiring an average value of instantaneous irradiance per hour, an average value of ambient temperature per hour and an average value of wind speed per hour from a power station meteorological meter.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to the embodiment of the present invention, the weather modification is performed on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data, and specifically includes:
calculating the average temperature of the component according to the average value of the hourly instantaneous irradiance, the average value of the hourly ambient temperature and the hourly wind speed;
and performing weather correction on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the daily generating capacity, the average value of the hourly instantaneous irradiance and the average temperature of the components.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided by the embodiment of the invention, the average temperature of the component is calculated by using a first formula and a second formula; the first formula and the second formula are respectively:
u＝uc+uv·v
wherein, TceuRepresents the mean temperature, T, of the componentambRepresents the average value of the ambient temperature per hour, ucRepresents the coefficient of heat loss, uvRepresenting the wind speed coefficient, v representing said wind speed per hour, alpha representing the radiation absorbance, GhRepresents the mean value of said hourly instantaneous irradiance, EfficIndicating the component conversion efficiency.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided by the embodiment of the invention, a third formula is adopted to perform weather correction on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station; the third formula is:
wherein, PRcorrRepresents the corrected daily power generation efficiency, E represents the daily power generation amount, PnomIndicating rated capacity of the assembly, GrefDenotes the reference instantaneous irradiation, beta denotes the temperature-induced loss rate, T0Indicating the reference temperature.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to the embodiment of the present invention, the calculating a dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data specifically includes:
calculating the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data by using linear regression to obtain a slope; the slope is the dust accumulation rate.
Preferably, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of predicting power generation loss caused by dust, the counting manner of the accumulated number of days includes:
when the daily precipitation is more than or equal to the minimum daily cleaning precipitation, resetting the accumulated number of days corresponding to the current day, and counting the accumulated number of days corresponding to every other day from 1;
when the predicted power generation loss caused by dust is larger than or equal to a set threshold, immediately warning that manual cleaning is needed, clearing the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day, and counting the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day from 1;
when manual cleaning is performed in the dust accumulation period, the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day is cleared, and the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day is counted from 1.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, which comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic data of the power station and weather;
the efficiency correction module is used for performing weather correction on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
the speed calculation module is used for calculating the dust accumulation speed according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
and the loss prediction module is used for predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
The embodiment of the invention also provides equipment for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to realize the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust as provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme, the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust comprises the following steps: acquiring basic data of a power station and weather; weather correction is carried out on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data; calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data; and predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
The method provided by the invention does not need to clean the robot in place or manually keep the comparison group assembly clean, only needs to analyze the related data, can predict the power generation loss caused by dust, has convenience, uses the power generation efficiency of the power station instead of the power generation amount in the prediction process, corrects the power generation efficiency in the weather, can eliminate weather factors, ensures the comparability of the power generation efficiency every day, further improves the calculation precision of the annual power generation amount of the power station, and has high accuracy. In addition, the invention also provides a corresponding device, equipment and a computer readable storage medium aiming at the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust, so that the method is further more practical, and the device, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium have corresponding advantages.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in related arts, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related arts will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for analyzing and regressing actual data of a large number of power stations;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the monthly average value of power generation loss caused by dust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s101, acquiring basic data of a power station and weather;
s102, weather correction is carried out on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
s103, calculating a dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
it should be noted that, as the dust is accumulated, the daily power generation amount is decreased. When the precipitation interference is extremely small (in dry seasons), the power generation amount is found to be reduced in a highly linear trend, and after other obvious interference factors (such as abnormal attenuation of components and other faults) are eliminated, the rate is regarded as the dust accumulation rate;
and S104, predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
In the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power generation loss (namely, the dust loss) caused by the dust can be predicted only by analyzing the related data without cleaning a robot in place or manually keeping the comparison group component clean, the convenience is realized, the power generation efficiency of the power station is used instead of the power generation amount in the prediction process, the weather correction is carried out on the power generation efficiency, the weather factor can be eliminated, the comparability of the power generation efficiency every day is ensured, the calculation precision of the annual power generation amount of the power station is further improved, and the accuracy is high.
In specific implementation, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the step S101 obtains basic data of a power station and weather, and specifically may include: acquiring the daily power generation amount of the power station from the inverter data monitoring system; and acquiring an average value of instantaneous irradiance per hour, an average value of ambient temperature per hour and an average value of wind speed per hour from a power station meteorological meter. Therefore, power generation record data and meteorological record data such as daily power generation amount, hourly instantaneous irradiance mean value, hourly ambient temperature mean value, hourly wind speed and the like are obtained from the inverter data monitoring system and the power station meteorological meter so as to calculate and correct daily power generation efficiency.
In specific implementation, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the step S102 performs weather modification on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the obtained basic data, and specifically may include: firstly, calculating the average temperature of the component according to the average value of the instantaneous irradiance per hour, the average value of the ambient temperature per hour and the wind speed per hour; and then, performing weather correction on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the daily power generation amount, the average value of the instantaneous irradiance per hour and the average temperature of the components.
It should be noted that, in the invention, the difference between the generated energies of two adjacent days is not directly obtained by using the absolute value of the generated energy of each day, but the difference between the generated efficiencies of two adjacent days is obtained by using the generated efficiency (i.e. the ratio) of the whole weather of the power station of each day after correction, so as to calculate the dust accumulation rate. The reason for this is: the absolute value of the generated energy can change along with the change of irradiance and assembly temperature which are different every day, so that the difference of the generated energy of two consecutive days can contain weather factors; and the difference value caused by weather is often far larger than the difference value caused by dust, so that the analysis of the power generation loss caused by the dust is inaccurate. The traditional power generation efficiency is not influenced by weather, so that the weather factor is considered in the calculation method, the daily power generation efficiency is subjected to weather correction, the weather does not change along with the weather, and the interference of the weather factor is eliminated.
Further, firstly, calculating the average temperature of the components by adopting a first formula and a second formula; the first formula and the second formula are respectively:
u＝uc+uv·v (2)
wherein, TceuRepresents the average temperature of the component; t isambRepresents the average ambient temperature per hour; u. ofcRepresents the coefficient of heat loss; u. ofvRepresenting a wind speed coefficient; v represents the wind speed per hour; α represents the radiation absorbance, typically 0.9; ghRepresents the average value of instantaneous irradiance per hour, [ W/m2]；EfficIndicating the component conversion efficiency.
Then, weather correction is carried out on the daily generating efficiency of the power station by adopting a third formula; the third formula is:
wherein, PRcorrIndicating the corrected daily power generation efficiency; e represents the daily power generation amount, [ kwh]；PnomRepresenting a component rated capacity; grefRepresenting the reference instantaneous irradiation, typically 1000W/m2(ii) a β represents a loss rate due to temperature; t is0Indicating the reference temperature.
In specific implementation, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the step S103 calculates the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data, and specifically may include: calculating the corrected daily generating efficiency and daily precipitation data by using linear regression to obtain a slope; the slope is the dust accumulation rate.
It is understood that the regression of the dust accumulation rate is based on the daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data corrected by weather. The performance of the annual dry season is analyzed by selecting linear regression, the daily power generation efficiency after weather correction is calculated according to the generated energy data of the inverter and the weather basic data, and then the slope is calculated by using the linear regression, wherein the slope is the average dust accumulation rate of the power station.
As shown in fig. 2, taking the agasicles region as an example, the dry season lasts from 10 months to 5 months, and by analyzing and regressing actual data of a large number of power stations, the average value of the dust accumulation rate of the agasicles region in urban/suburban areas is 0.15%/day to 0.4%/day. The x-axis coordinate in fig. 2 is daily precipitation data, and the y-axis coordinate is the daily power generation efficiency after weather correction.
In practical implementation, in the method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of predicting power generation loss caused by dust in step S104, the accumulated day count may include the following modes:
the first mode is as follows: when the daily precipitation is larger than or equal to the minimum daily cleaning precipitation, the cumulative number of days corresponding to the current day is cleared, and the cumulative number of days corresponding to every other day is counted from 1. The step of determining the minimum daily wash precipitation comprises: after a period of drying, a significant increase in efficiency was observed as to how much the daily cumulative precipitation needs to be reached, which is the minimum daily wash precipitation. According to data analysis of a plurality of power stations, the minimum daily cleaning precipitation is influenced by the dust degree, and when the dust is large, the precipitation is usually more than 25-30 mm.
The second mode is as follows: when the predicted power generation amount loss caused by dust is larger than or equal to a set threshold (namely a limit dust loss tolerance value), the need of manual cleaning is immediately warned, the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day is cleared, and the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day is counted from 1. The continuous accumulation of dust can cause obvious reduction of the generated energy, and according to the maintenance content of an operation and maintenance company, technicians can go to on-site investigation and timely clean and maintain when the generated energy is reduced to a certain value, and according to data analysis of a plurality of power stations, the limit dust loss tolerance value is usually about 20%.
The third mode is as follows: when manual cleaning is performed in the dust accumulation period, the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day is cleared, and the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day is counted from 1.
Specifically, the power generation amount loss value due to dust is the dust accumulation rate cumulative day. Assuming that 10 days have not been rained since day 1, the cumulative number of days is 10, and the power generation amount loss value due to dust for these 10 days can be obtained by multiplying the dust accumulation rate by 10. If the precipitation on the 11 th day is larger than or equal to the minimum daily washing precipitation, clearing the accumulated day number on the day and restarting counting every other day, namely the accumulated day number corresponding to the 12 th day is 1, obtaining the power generation loss value corresponding to the 12 th day by multiplying the dust accumulation rate by 1, wherein the predicted power generation loss caused by the dust is the sum of the power generation loss value caused by the dust on the 10 th day obtained in the past and the power generation loss value caused by the dust on the 12 th day. And if the predicted power generation loss caused by dust on the 11 th day is larger than or equal to the tolerance limit, warning the power station operation and maintenance personnel to carry out manual cleaning and dust removal to prevent the power generation from continuously decreasing, clearing the accumulated day number corresponding to the current cleaning day, counting the accumulated day number corresponding to the next day of the current cleaning day from 1, and if the 11 th day is not the current cleaning day, counting the accumulated day number corresponding to the 11 th day to 11. And if the dust accumulation period on the 11 th day is subjected to manual cleaning, resetting and recoding the dust.
In practical applications, after the weather is predicted, the monthly average value [% ] of the power generation loss due to dust can be input in common commercial software by the cumulative calculation of the power generation loss due to dust every month; as shown in fig. 3, the present invention calculates the power generation amount loss due to the dust every day in the daily power generation amount instead of the monthly average value, and finally the calculation accuracy of the power generation amount loss due to the dust every day is the highest, followed by the monthly average value of the power generation amount loss due to the dust.
In addition, it should be noted that, from the analysis of power station data over the years, the factors that influence the greatest loss of power generation due to dust are found to include: dust accumulation rate backing _ rate; precipitation rainfall; the minimum precipitation, rainfall _ threshold, for cleaning the components; operating and cleaning current date manual _ wash _ date; the limit dust loss tolerance grace _ period. The invention establishes a method for quantifying the loss of the power generation amount caused by dust by taking the mentioned factors as dimensions, namely, using the method of quantifying the loss of the power generation amount caused by dust, wherein technicians can obtain a quantified model of the loss of the power generation amount caused by dust (the model depends on the first formula, the second formula and the third formula) only according to historical power generation records and meteorological records of a calculated power station in the past year, and can predict and calculate the future power generation amount more accurately by using the model.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, and as the principle of solving the problem of the device is similar to the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, and repeated parts are not repeated.
In specific implementation, the apparatus for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, specifically includes:
the data acquisition module 11 is used for acquiring basic data of a power station and weather;
the efficiency correction module 12 is used for performing weather correction on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
a rate calculation module 13, configured to calculate a dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
and the loss prediction module 14 is used for predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
In the device for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust, provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the interaction of the four modules, the power generation loss caused by the dust can be predicted only by analyzing related data without cleaning a robot in place or manually keeping the control group component clean, so that the device has the advantages of convenience, capability of eliminating weather factors and ensuring the comparability of the power generation efficiency every day, and further improves the accuracy and the precision of the calculation of the annual power generation amount of the power station.
For more specific working processes of the modules, reference may be made to corresponding contents disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also discloses equipment for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust, which comprises a processor and a memory; wherein the processor, when executing the computer program stored in the memory, implements the method of predicting dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.
For more specific processes of the above method, reference may be made to corresponding contents disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
Further, the present invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program; the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method of predicting dust induced loss of photovoltaic power generation as disclosed above.
For more specific processes of the above method, reference may be made to corresponding contents disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device, the equipment and the storage medium disclosed by the embodiment correspond to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust comprises the following steps: acquiring basic data of a power station and weather; weather correction is carried out on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data; calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data; and predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number. According to the method, the loss of the generated energy caused by dust can be predicted only by analyzing related data without cleaning a robot in place or manually keeping the comparison group assembly clean, convenience is achieved, the generating efficiency of the power station is used instead of the generated energy in the prediction process, weather correction is performed on the generating efficiency, weather factors can be eliminated, the comparability of the generating efficiency every day is guaranteed, the annual generated energy calculation accuracy of the power station is improved, and the accuracy is high. In addition, the invention also provides a corresponding device, equipment and a computer readable storage medium aiming at the method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust, so that the method is further more practical, and the device, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium have corresponding advantages.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The method, the device, the equipment and the medium for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust provided by the invention are described in detail, a specific example is applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the above example is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of predicting dust-induced loss of photovoltaic power generation, comprising:
acquiring basic data of a power station and weather;
performing weather correction on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
and predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
2. The method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the basic data of the power station and the weather specifically comprises:
acquiring the daily power generation amount of the power station from the inverter data monitoring system;
and acquiring an average value of instantaneous irradiance per hour, an average value of ambient temperature per hour and an average value of wind speed per hour from a power station meteorological meter.
3. The method for predicting the dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss according to claim 2, wherein the weather modification is performed on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the average temperature of the component according to the average value of the hourly instantaneous irradiance, the average value of the hourly ambient temperature and the hourly wind speed;
and performing weather correction on the daily generating efficiency of the power station according to the daily generating capacity, the average value of the hourly instantaneous irradiance and the average temperature of the components.
4. The method for predicting the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the dust according to claim 3, wherein the average temperature of the component is calculated by using a first formula and a second formula; the first formula and the second formula are respectively:
u＝uc+uv·v
wherein, TceuRepresents the mean temperature, T, of the componentambRepresents the average value of the ambient temperature per hour, ucRepresents the coefficient of heat loss, uvRepresenting the wind speed coefficient, v representing said wind speed per hour, alpha representing the radiation absorbance, GhRepresents the mean value of said hourly instantaneous irradiance, EfficIndicating the component conversion efficiency.
5. The method of predicting dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss as recited in claim 4, wherein a third formula is used to weather correct the daily power generation efficiency of the power plant; the third formula is:
wherein, PRcorrRepresents the corrected daily power generation efficiency, E represents the daily power generation amount, PnomIndicating rated capacity of the assembly, GrefDenotes the reference instantaneous irradiation, beta denotes the temperature-induced loss rate, T0Indicating the reference temperature.
6. The method for predicting photovoltaic power generation loss caused by dust according to claim 5, wherein the step of calculating the dust accumulation rate according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data by using linear regression to obtain a slope; the slope is the dust accumulation rate.
7. The method for predicting the loss of photovoltaic power generation caused by dust according to claim 6, wherein in the process of predicting the loss of power generation caused by dust, the counting of the accumulated number of days comprises:
when the daily precipitation is more than or equal to the minimum daily cleaning precipitation, resetting the accumulated number of days corresponding to the current day, and counting the accumulated number of days corresponding to every other day from 1;
when the predicted power generation loss caused by dust is larger than or equal to a set threshold, immediately warning that manual cleaning is needed, clearing the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day, and counting the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day from 1;
when manual cleaning is performed in the dust accumulation period, the accumulated day number corresponding to the cleaning day is cleared, and the accumulated day number corresponding to every other day is counted from 1.
8. An apparatus for predicting loss of photovoltaic power generation caused by dust, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic data of the power station and weather;
the efficiency correction module is used for performing weather correction on the daily power generation efficiency of the power station according to the acquired basic data;
the speed calculation module is used for calculating the dust accumulation speed according to the corrected daily power generation efficiency and daily precipitation data;
and the loss prediction module is used for predicting the power generation loss caused by the dust according to the calculated dust accumulation rate and the accumulated day number.
9. An apparatus for predicting dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor, when executing a computer program stored in the memory, implements the method for predicting dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of predicting dust-induced photovoltaic power generation loss of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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