CN112926160A - Backrest shape design system and method for simulating stress of dynamic seat of automobile - Google Patents

Backrest shape design system and method for simulating stress of dynamic seat of automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112926160A
CN112926160A CN202110289011.6A CN202110289011A CN112926160A CN 112926160 A CN112926160 A CN 112926160A CN 202110289011 A CN202110289011 A CN 202110289011A CN 112926160 A CN112926160 A CN 112926160A
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Prior art keywords
seat
automobile
dynamic
simulating
backrest
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Inventor
邓吉雄
何炳蔚
张月
钟鸿川
吴志明
郑红玉
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Fuzhou Lianhong Motor Parts Co Ltd
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Fuzhou Lianhong Motor Parts Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/10Numerical modelling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

Abstract

The invention provides a backrest shape design system and a backrest shape design method for simulating stress of a dynamic seat of an automobile, which are characterized by comprising the following steps of: the automobile dynamic simulation mechanism is composed of a hydraulic mechanism, a flexible spring, a support table board and a test board and used for simulating different road conditions; the backrest shape control module is composed of a seat framework, a plurality of air cushions and a pressure sensor matrix uniformly distributed on a seat surface; the single chip microcomputer controls a motor of the hydraulic mechanism to enable the test board to simulate the dynamic conditions of the automobile under different road conditions under the driving of the hydraulic mechanism according to the rule of the vibration function; and after receiving the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor matrix, the upper computer analyzes the pressure information matrix to obtain the pressure value information of different positions of the chair seat under the dynamic condition of simulating different road conditions. Through the dynamic simulation mechanism, different amplitudes and frequencies of the dynamic simulation test platform where the seat is located are set, and the purpose of simulating different road condition information is achieved.

Description

Backrest shape design system and method for simulating stress of dynamic seat of automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile seats, in particular to a backrest shape design system and method for simulating stress of an automobile dynamic seat.
Background
With the rapid development of automobile technology and national economic level, automobiles have gone into thousands of households, which are closely related to daily life. In the field of designing automobile parts, designers need to consider mechanical properties such as strength and rigidity of parts under the condition of no external force at rest. The design of parts is further carried out by combining the stress conditions of automobile parts of the automobile under different dynamic conditions under the condition that the automobile runs without road conditions. In particular, in the field of vehicle seat design, the driver is mostly in driving behavior when contacting the vehicle backrest. The seat backrest is combined with the comfort performance brought to drivers and passengers by different dynamic states of the automobile. A common method for simulating the dynamic state of the automobile is to utilize a vibration table to realize the condition of the automobile on different road surfaces, but a vibration mechanism is complex and cannot intuitively reflect the stress condition of a tester.
The automobile seat is an automobile part which is directly contacted by a driver in driving behaviors, and related data show that the incidence rate of back diseases of the driver who is engaged in the driving behaviors for a long time is far higher than that of a common person. The automobile seat bears most weight of a human body in the driving process, so the comfort degree of drivers and passengers is greatly influenced by the quality degree of the design of the automobile seat, and the traditional automobile seat is designed by a 95-position human body model in the national standard GB/T10000-plus 1988, so that the automobile seat is very unfriendly to the drivers and passengers with too much difference in stature and the designed dummy model. In addition, the conventional automobile seat backrest only can change the inclination angle of the seat, and the shape of the seat backrest cannot be changed, so that the requirement of different drivers and passengers for adjusting the automobile seat backrest to adapt to the physiological characteristics of the drivers and passengers is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a novel backrest shape design system and method for simulating the stress of an automobile dynamic seat, so that a designer can intuitively extract the back stress information under different road conditions by using an automobile dynamic simulation mechanism through data, and select the backrest shape meeting the design requirements aiming at different characteristics by changing the projection degree of an air cushion to guide the design of the backrest.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a backrest shape design system for simulating stress of a dynamic seat of an automobile is characterized by comprising:
the automobile dynamic simulation mechanism is composed of a hydraulic mechanism, a flexible spring, a support table board and a test board and used for simulating different road conditions;
the backrest shape control module is composed of a seat framework, a plurality of air cushions and a pressure sensor matrix uniformly distributed on a seat surface;
the single chip microcomputer controls a motor of the hydraulic mechanism to enable the test board to simulate the dynamic conditions of the automobile under different road conditions under the driving of the hydraulic mechanism according to the rule of the vibration function;
and after receiving the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor matrix, the upper computer analyzes the pressure information matrix to obtain the pressure value information of different positions of the chair seat under the dynamic condition of simulating different road conditions.
The upper computer controls the opening and closing time of the air valve through the single chip microcomputer according to the pressure value information of different positions of the seat surface, and changes different projection degrees of the air cushion so as to change the shape of the seat back; and a pressure information matrix after the shape of the seat back is changed is acquired through the pressure sensor matrix.
Preference is given toBy varying the vibration function
Figure RE-DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Parameter A and
Figure RE-DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the numerical value of (2) is used for simulating the dynamic condition of the automobile on different roads; wherein, the amplitude A represents the flatness of the road surface,
Figure RE-125897DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
indicating the seat vibration frequency due to the difference in vehicle speed.
Preferably, each pressure sensor of the pressure sensor matrix is arranged in close contact with the seat surface.
And a design method according to the above device system, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S1: installing a backrest shape control module as a test seat on a test bench;
step S2: a user sits in the chair and makes the back fully contact with the pressure sensors distributed on the seat surface;
step S3: setting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the test bench to simulate different road conditions and collect the stress condition of the back;
step S4: the stress data of the back is led into an upper computer, and after data analysis, the inflation time of the air cushion is controlled by the single chip microcomputer, the shape of the seat backrest is changed, so that the stress is maximum, and the protruding degree of the air cushion is maximum, and the stress condition of the back is improved.
Preferably, step S1 is specifically: selecting a smooth test ground, arranging a dynamic test bench on the ground for simulating different road conditions, and placing a test seat capable of controlling the shape of the backrest on the test bench after confirming that the test bench is installed without errors.
Preferably, step S2 is specifically: the user makes the back fully contact with the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the seat surface on the test board according to the physiological characteristics of the user, and keeps the posture relatively fixed.
Preferably, step S3 is specifically: the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the test bench are set to simulate different road conditions, and in the period, the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the chair surface are used for collecting the back pressure distribution information under different road conditions.
Preferably, in step S4, the pressure distribution after the shape of the seat back is changed is collected, and steps S3-S4 are cyclically executed until the pressure distribution meets the design requirement.
According to the invention and the optimal scheme thereof, different amplitudes and frequencies of the dynamic simulation test platform where the seat is located are set through the dynamic simulation mechanism, so that the aim of simulating different road condition information is achieved. On the basis, pressure information obtained by sensors uniformly arranged on the chair surface under different dynamic conditions is collected, the back stress conditions under different simulation conditions are analyzed, the maximum back stress area is obtained, the console controls the inflation time of the air cushion according to the data, and the projection degree of the air cushion distributed on the chair surface is controlled, so that the purpose of improving the back pressure distribution of a rider by changing the shape of the chair surface is achieved. In the occasion of needing to design the automobile seat, compared with the traditional automobile field, the system and the method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the inconvenience caused by the complex mechanism of the vibrating table when the seat shape is designed by the traditional automobile seat by considering the stress of the seat under different road conditions, and the simple dynamic seat simulation mechanism can greatly improve the efficiency of designing the seat back under different road conditions. In addition, the method for improving the back pressure distribution by changing the shape of the seat surface by utilizing the convexity of the air cushion overcomes the defect that the shape of the seat surface of the conventional automobile seat is not changeable, and greatly improves the adaptability and the comfortableness of the seat to different people.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic simulation mechanism of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a backrest shape control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a console; 2, a singlechip; 3-a seat frame; 4-a first air cushion; 5-a second air cushion; 6-a third air cushion; 7-a pressure sensor; 8-a hydraulic mechanism; 9-a flexible spring; 10-supporting a table top; 11-a test bench; 12-computer screen.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-3, the main structure of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile provided by the device of the embodiment includes:
the automobile dynamic simulation mechanism is composed of a hydraulic mechanism 8, a flexible spring 9, a supporting table surface 10 and a test table 11 and used for simulating different road conditions; the single chip microcomputer 2 controls a motor of the hydraulic mechanism to enable the test board to simulate the dynamic conditions of the automobile under different road conditions under the driving of the hydraulic mechanism according to the rule of the specified vibration function. By varying the vibration function
Figure RE-400627DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Parameter A and
Figure RE-242681DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
to simulate the dynamic situation of the car on different roads. (the a amplitude represents the degree of flatness of the road surface,
Figure RE-434628DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
indicating the seat vibration frequency due to the difference in vehicle speed. )
And a backrest shape control module consisting of a seat frame 3, air cushions (including a first air cushion 4, a second air cushion 5 and a third air cushion 6, wherein the number of the air cushions is more than that of the air cushions, so that the air cushions can be adjusted in a differentiated mode, and the adjustment is more precise) and pressure sensors 7 uniformly distributed on the seat surface. The backrest shape control module has the main functions that when the pressure sensor transmits the acquired pressure information to the console 1 in a serial port communication mode of the singlechip 2, the console 1 analyzes the pressure coordinate value after receiving the pressure information to obtain the position information of the maximum value of the seat pressure under the dynamic condition of simulating different road conditions. The ventilation time of the air valves of each air cushion is controlled, and different projection degrees of the air cushions are changed by controlling the opening and closing time of the air valves, so that the purpose of changing the shape of the backrest of the seat is achieved. The seat backrest has better comfortable experience for users under different dynamic simulation conditions. The pressure value display module is used for displaying the pressure distribution information of the user on the computer screen 12 after the computer receives the pressure distribution information, so that the user can feel the pressure distribution intuitively.
The pressure acquisition of the system is designed by utilizing the principle of pressure sensing, specifically, the pressure sensors are uniformly arranged on the backrest, and when the dynamic simulation mechanism simulates different road condition information to generate different vibrations. The strain resistor of the pressure sensor adsorbed on the substrate material generates resistance value change according to mechanical deformation when contacting with a human body, and is commonly called as resistance strain effect. The pressure sensor transmits different resistance value data to the console to form a pressure value distribution diagram, so that a user can visually read the pressure distribution condition. In automobile design, a pressure sensor is used for reading pressure change, so that the automobile pressure sensor is applied to sensing scenes such as opening and closing of an automobile door. However, no product exists that has sensors distributed on the backrest for sensing the backrest pressure of the driver and the passenger under different dynamic conditions to adjust the shape of the seat backrest so as to guide the shape design of the seat backrest.
In order to obtain the back pressure distribution information of a user under different road conditions, the pressure sensors need to be tightly attached to the seat surface, the pressure sensors are guaranteed to meet relevant standards when being installed, the positions of the pressure sensors distributed on the seat surface are guaranteed to be relatively fixed, the authenticity of collected data is guaranteed, errors are reduced, and therefore the user can accurately read pressure values when leaning on the seat. After the dynamic simulation mechanism starts to work, unnecessary movement of the user on the seat should be reduced as much as possible, and data collected by the seat is distorted.
Based on the above system, the following test and design methods can be adopted in the present implementation:
firstly, the seat is arranged on a test bench simulating the dynamic stress of the automobile, and then a user sits on the test bench in a standard posture, so that the back of the user is in full contact with the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the air cushion in an aligned mode. And then, changing the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the test table through the control table so as to simulate the dynamic scene of the seat under different road conditions. At the moment, the pressure sensors distributed on the seat surface acquire pressure distribution information under different dynamic conditions simulated by the test board. And then, the back stress information is sent to the console, the stress condition of the back of the tester is obtained after data processing, and an instruction is sent to the single chip microcomputer according to the back stress condition to change the opening and closing time of the air cushion device controlled by the single chip microcomputer, so that the protruding degree of the air cushion distributed on the seat surface is changed. Through the combination of the air cushions with different protruding degrees, the shape of the seat surface is changed, so that the stress condition of the back under different road conditions is improved. The system and the method for simulating the dynamic stress of the automobile seat and improving the back pressure simulate different road conditions through a simple mechanism, explore the back pressure distribution of testers under different road conditions, and construct the shape of the seat suitable for different users under different road conditions by controlling the projection degree of the air cushion. The problem of low efficiency caused by adopting a complex mechanism when the dynamic performance of the seat is tested in the traditional automobile industry is solved, the adaptability of users with different figures to the traditional automobile seat in the dynamic state of the automobile is improved, and the research and development efficiency of the automobile seat and the riding comfort of the users are greatly improved.
The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mounting the test seat on a test bench simulating dynamic conditions: selecting a flat test ground, arranging a dynamic test bench on the ground for simulating different road conditions, and placing an automobile seat capable of controlling the shape of a backrest on the test bench after confirming that the test bench is installed without errors so as to ensure that the assembly relation meets the relevant standard;
step two: a user sits in a standard posture, so that the back of the user is fully contacted with the pressure sensors distributed on the seat surface; the user makes the back fully contact with the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the seat surface on the test board according to the physiological characteristics of the user, and the posture is kept relatively fixed.
Step three: setting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the test bench to simulate different road conditions and collect the stress condition of the back; according to actual requirements, the amplitude and the frequency of the test board are set so as to simulate different road conditions, and during the period, the sensors uniformly distributed on the chair surface are used for acquiring back pressure distribution information under different road conditions.
Step four: the stress data of the back is led into the console, and after data analysis, the inflation time of the air cushion is controlled by the single chip microcomputer, so that the shape of the seat backrest is changed, the stress part is the maximum, and the protruding degree of the air cushion is the maximum, so that the stress condition of the back is improved. After the test board simulates different road condition information, the back stress condition data is led out to the control board, the control board analyzes the data and analyzes the back stress condition, and then the control board controls the opening time of the air cushion air inlet valve on the seat surface through the single chip microcomputer according to the data, so that the shape of the seat surface of the automobile is changed by utilizing the filling degree of different air cushions, the maximum stressed part of the automobile is supported by the larger air cushions under different dynamic conditions, and the purpose of improving the pressure distribution of the back is finally achieved.
In step S4, the pressure distribution after the shape of the seat back is changed may also be collected, and steps S3-S4 are cyclically executed until the pressure distribution meets the design requirements.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other various types of back shape design systems and methods simulating the dynamic seat stress of a car can be obtained from the teaching of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A backrest shape design system for simulating stress of a dynamic seat of an automobile is characterized by comprising:
the automobile dynamic simulation mechanism is composed of a hydraulic mechanism, a flexible spring, a support table board and a test board and used for simulating different road conditions;
the backrest shape control module is composed of a seat framework, a plurality of air cushions and a pressure sensor matrix uniformly distributed on a seat surface;
the single chip microcomputer controls a motor of the hydraulic mechanism to enable the test board to simulate the dynamic conditions of the automobile under different road conditions under the driving of the hydraulic mechanism according to the rule of the vibration function;
and after receiving the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor matrix, the upper computer analyzes the pressure information matrix to obtain the pressure value information of different positions of the chair seat under the dynamic condition of simulating different road conditions.
2. The system for designing a shape of a backrest for simulating a dynamic seat force of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the upper computer controls the opening and closing time of the air valve through the single chip microcomputer according to the pressure value information of different positions of the seat surface, and changes different projection degrees of the air cushion so as to change the shape of the seat back; and a pressure information matrix after the shape of the seat back is changed is acquired through the pressure sensor matrix.
3. The system for designing a shape of a backrest for simulating a dynamic seat force of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: by varying the vibration function
Figure DEST_PATH_400627DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Parameter A and
Figure DEST_PATH_242681DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the numerical value of (2) is used for simulating the dynamic condition of the automobile on different roads; wherein, the amplitude A represents the flatness of the road surface,
Figure 815075DEST_PATH_242681DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
indicating the seat vibration frequency due to the difference in vehicle speed.
4. The system for designing a shape of a backrest for simulating a dynamic seat force of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: each pressure sensor of the pressure sensor matrix is arranged on the chair surface in a clinging mode.
5. The design method of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: installing a backrest shape control module as a test seat on a test bench;
step S2: a user sits in the chair and makes the back fully contact with the pressure sensors distributed on the seat surface;
step S3: setting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the test bench to simulate different road conditions and collect the stress condition of the back;
step S4: the stress data of the back is led into an upper computer, and after data analysis, the inflation time of the air cushion is controlled by the single chip microcomputer, the shape of the seat backrest is changed, so that the stress is maximum, and the protruding degree of the air cushion is maximum, and the stress condition of the back is improved.
6. The design method of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein: step S1 specifically includes: selecting a smooth test ground, arranging a dynamic test bench on the ground for simulating different road conditions, and placing a test seat capable of controlling the shape of the backrest on the test bench after confirming that the test bench is installed without errors.
7. The design method of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein: step S2 specifically includes: the user makes the back fully contact with the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the seat surface on the test board according to the physiological characteristics of the user, and keeps the posture relatively fixed.
8. The design method of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein: step S3 specifically includes: the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the test bench are set to simulate different road conditions, and in the period, the pressure sensors uniformly distributed on the chair surface are used for collecting the back pressure distribution information under different road conditions.
9. The design method of the backrest shape design system for simulating the stress of the dynamic seat of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in step S4, the pressure distribution after the shape of the seat back is changed is collected, and steps S3 to S4 are cyclically executed until the pressure distribution meets the design requirements.
CN202110289011.6A 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Backrest shape design system and method for simulating stress of dynamic seat of automobile Pending CN112926160A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101214143A (en) * 2007-12-26 2008-07-09 西安交通大学 Dynamic riding-driving circumstance human body physiological character and biomechanics testing platform
CN206938681U (en) * 2017-05-03 2018-01-30 吉林大学 A kind of motor vehicle seat back comfort level control system
JP2019180631A (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-24 クラレファスニング株式会社 Seat and production method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101214143A (en) * 2007-12-26 2008-07-09 西安交通大学 Dynamic riding-driving circumstance human body physiological character and biomechanics testing platform
CN206938681U (en) * 2017-05-03 2018-01-30 吉林大学 A kind of motor vehicle seat back comfort level control system
JP2019180631A (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-24 クラレファスニング株式会社 Seat and production method thereof

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