CN112926110B - Real-time visual early warning method for risk in subway station construction process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time visual early warning method for the risk of subway station construction process, which comprises the steps of collecting deep foundation pit deformation monitoring data in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server; based on soil layer parameter data obtained by site investigation, a subway station construction process numerical model is established by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling method; based on JAYA algorithm, correcting the numerical model of the subway station construction process to meet the actual conditions of construction of different sections; and (3) building a BIM model for subway station construction, and dividing the position with the largest deformation and the position with the largest stress into risk areas in the BIM model to warn and mark. According to the method, the BIM model is utilized to simulate the deformation condition and the risk area of the building envelope in the construction process of each construction working condition of the subway station and the process, so that the visualization of the risk of the construction process is realized, the on-site construction education is facilitated, the risk assessment is carried out, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering construction risk management, in particular to a real-time visual early warning method for risk in a subway station construction process.
Background
With the continuous development of the economy of China, the population in large cities is more and more dense, and the problem of urban land is more and more intense so as to solve the contradiction between the increasing population of cities and the increasing population of cities. The underground rail transit industry is rapidly emerging. The urban rail transit construction project can not only drive the investment of fixed assets, but also promote the development of advanced technical equipment industries such as urban rail transit equipment in China. Meanwhile, a large number of metro construction results in more and more deep foundation pit engineering, the depth is also larger and larger, foundation pit supporting systems are more and more complex, a three-dimensional data information model for building the supporting systems based on BIM (building information model) technology is a research direction of ultra-large ultra-deep foundation pit engineering, subway project procedures are complicated, potential safety hazards of the deep foundation pit are large, BIM technology is applied to conduct multi-dimensional simulation and analysis on foundation pit excavation, precipitation, supporting and the like, and meanwhile on-site constructors can intuitively know technology, quality, safety and the like through visual intersection.
The prior art also has the following disadvantages:
(1) At present, for the construction of the subway station, the simulation of the construction process is visualized through the application of BIM technology, so that the construction education is carried out on the construction site, the construction efficiency is improved, however, in the BIM model, the prediction of the risk area of the subway station construction process is lacking;
(2) In the subway station construction process, the influence on the construction safety is mainly the property of a soil layer, the existing construction process risk assessment method is mainly used for analyzing through finite element numerical simulation, and the selection of soil layer parameters is mainly based on indoor test data, so that the complex conditions of the site and the transformation of the soil layer stress in the subway station construction process cannot be truly reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a real-time visual early warning method for the risk of the subway station construction process, which can immediately early warn and visualize.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: a real-time visual early warning method for subway station construction process risk comprises the following specific steps:
S1, monitoring a foundation pit, collecting deep foundation pit deformation monitoring data in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely establishing a subway station construction process numerical model by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
And S3, visualizing, generating a risk region through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk region and the numerical value.
Preferably, the specific steps in the step S3 visualization are as follows:
S3.1, data correction, namely correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on JAYA algorithm to meet the actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure and the internal force condition of the internal support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the position with the maximum deformation and the position with the maximum stress into risk areas;
S3.2, risk visualization, namely building a BIM model of subway station construction, and dividing the position with the largest deformation and the position with the largest stress into risk areas in the BIM model to warn;
And importing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into a BIM model, displaying a risk area and corresponding deformation and stress allowable values in each working condition of each construction, and finally realizing the risk visualization in the construction process.
Preferably, in step S1, the monitoring module includes a total station for monitoring the level of the enclosure structure, a vertical level for monitoring vertical displacement, an inclinometer for monitoring lateral deformation of soil around the foundation pit, a settlement level for monitoring ground settlement, and an axial force meter for monitoring axial force of support in the foundation pit;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the construction process of the whole subway station deep foundation pit and collecting deformation monitoring data of the subway station construction process deep foundation pit.
Preferably, in step S2, a numerical model of a subway station construction process is established through three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D, and the construction process includes: building an enclosure structure, excavating a foundation pit, and building a main body structure of a subway station;
modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to the construction working conditions, wherein layered excavation is adopted during earth excavation, each layer of earth excavation is used as one construction working condition, and crown beam construction and support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of excavation construction;
after the model is established, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process.
Preferably, in step S3.1, the foundation pit monitoring data, the soil layer parameter data and the horizontal displacement data of the enclosure structure obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation are imported JAYA into a calculation algorithm, and a difference value between a ratio of deformation condition of the enclosure structure to an actual measurement value and 1 is used as an objective function f (x), where the objective function is expressed as follows:
Wherein, For the i-th measured deformation value,/>Numerical calculation of deformation value,/>The soil layer parameters calculated as inversion, i.e. the variables x, are variables of the objective function, including: young's modulus E, poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal friction angle/>
It is assumed that in any iteration number i, there are m design variables (i.e., j=1, 2, m), n candidate solutions (i.e., population size, k=1, 2, n). Let f (x) best be the optimal solution among all candidate solutions of the objective function f (x), and let f (x) worst be the worst solution among all candidate solutions of the objective function f (x). x' j,k,i represents the jth variable corresponding to the kth candidate solution at the ith iteration, and its expression is as follows:
x′j,k,i＝xj,k,i+r1,k,i(xj,best,i-|xj,k,i|)-r2,k,i(xj,worst,i-|xj,k,i|)
Wherein X j,best,i is the optimal candidate variable j and X j,worst,i is the worst candidate variable j. X' j,k,i is the optimization variable of X j,k,i, and r 1,k,i and r 2,k,i are two arbitrary values between intervals [ 01 ] corresponding to the jth variable in the ith iteration. r 1,k,i(Xj,best,i-|Xj,k,i |) represents that the variable tends to be the optimal variable, and r 2,k,i(Xj,worst,i-|Xj,k,i |) represents that the variable avoids the worst variable; if the variable X 'j,k,i can obtain a more proper function value, X' j,k,i is reserved;
each iteration, correcting the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model by using a new variable x, namely using optimized soil layer parameters, simulating and calculating the deformation of the enclosure structure, and repeating the steps; carrying out further iterative computation on all reserved optimization X' j,k,i along with the iteration end to finally obtain optimal soil layer parameters;
Preferably, in step S3.2, a BIM model for subway station construction is built by using Revit software, and the coordinate size and the construction condition setting of the model are consistent with those of the model built in FLAC3D, so as to simulate the whole construction process.
The method has the beneficial effects that by combining the monitoring data and carrying out soil layer parameter inversion calculation based on JAYA algorithm, a three-dimensional numerical model which is more in line with the actual is obtained; in numerical simulation, a soil layer model belongs to a nonlinear problem, and FLAC3D is more accurate in calculating and simulating the nonlinear problem; combining three-dimensional software FLAC3D and BIM technology, establishing a three-dimensional numerical model simulation analysis, importing an obtained risk area analysis result into a BIM model, simulating deformation conditions and risk areas of the building envelope in the construction process and the process of each construction working condition of the subway station by using the BIM model, realizing the risk visualization of the construction process, being more beneficial to on-site construction education and risk assessment, and improving the construction efficiency; and the risk assessment result is more reliable through combination of inversion calculation and BIM-FLAC 3D.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of step three of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a visual BIM model of the construction deformation of a deep foundation pit of a subway station;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the maximum deformation value with the alarm value of the enclosure structure under different construction conditions.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
1-3, The specific embodiment of the invention is a real-time visualization early warning method for risk in the subway station construction process, which comprises the following specific steps:
S1, monitoring a foundation pit, collecting deep foundation pit deformation monitoring data in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely establishing a subway station construction process numerical model by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
And S3, visualizing, generating a risk region through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk region and the numerical value.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific steps in the step S3 visualization are as follows:
S3.1, data correction, namely correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on JAYA algorithm to meet the actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure and the internal force condition of the internal support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the position with the maximum deformation and the position with the maximum stress into risk areas;
S3.2, risk visualization, namely building a BIM model of subway station construction, and dividing the position with the largest deformation and the position with the largest stress into risk areas in the BIM model to warn;
And importing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into a BIM model, displaying a risk area and corresponding deformation and stress allowable values in each working condition of each construction, and finally realizing the risk visualization in the construction process.
The specific analysis process is as follows: and (3) monitoring a deep foundation pit: the method comprises the following steps of monitoring the horizontal (total station) displacement and the vertical (level) displacement of an enclosure structure, monitoring the lateral deformation of soil mass around a foundation pit (inclinometer), monitoring the ground settlement (level), monitoring the axial force of a support in the foundation pit (axial force meter) and the like, wherein the most important is the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure, after the installation of monitoring equipment required by all monitoring contents is completed, starting to monitor the construction process of the whole subway station deep foundation pit, and collecting the deformation monitoring data of the deep foundation pit in the subway station construction process, namely the horizontal displacement of the subway station deep foundation pit enclosure structure;
Based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation, a numerical model of a subway station construction process is established by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D (deformation of a soil layer in reality mainly shows nonlinearity, FLAC3D is more advantageous than other modeling software in solving the nonlinearity problem, and a result obtained by calculation through the method is closer to an actual situation), and the construction process comprises the following steps: building an enclosure structure, excavating a foundation pit, and building a main body structure of a subway station; modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to the construction working conditions, wherein layered excavation is adopted during earth excavation, each layer of earth excavation is used as one construction working condition, and crown beam construction and support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of excavation construction; after the model is established, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process;
Inversion calculation is carried out on soil layer parameters through JAYA algorithm, and a complete JAYA calculation algorithm is established in MATLAB;
Importing the foundation pit monitoring data, soil layer parameter data and horizontal displacement data of the building envelope obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation into JAYA calculation algorithm, taking the difference value between the deformation condition of the building envelope and the actual measurement value and 1 as an objective function f (x), wherein the objective function is expressed as follows:
Wherein, For the ith measured deformation value, s i(x′j,k,i) the deformation value is calculated numerically, x' j,k,i is a variable of the objective function, and the soil layer parameters calculated as inversion, i.e. the variable x, includes: young's modulus E, poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal friction angle/>
It is assumed that in any iteration number i, there are m design variables (i.e., j=1, 2, m), n candidate solutions (i.e., population size, k=1, 2, n). Let f (x) best be the optimal solution among all candidate solutions of the objective function f (x), and let f (x) worst be the worst solution among all candidate solutions of the objective function f (x). x' j,k,i represents the jth variable corresponding to the kth candidate solution at the ith iteration, and its expression is as follows:
x′j,k,i＝xj,k,i+r1,k,i(xj,best,i-|xj,k,i|)-r2,k,i(xj,worst,i-|xj,k,i|)
Wherein X jbest,i is the optimal candidate variable j and X j,worst,i is the worst candidate variable j. X' j,k,i is the optimization variable of X j,k,i, and r 1,k,i and r 2,k,i are two arbitrary values between intervals [ 01 ] corresponding to the jth variable in the ith iteration. r 1,k,i(Xj,best,i-|Xj,k,i |). Representing that the variable tends to be the optimal variable, r 2,k,i(Xj,worst,i-|Xj,k,i |) represents that the variable avoids the worst variable. If the variable X 'j,k,i yields a more appropriate function value, X' j,k,i is retained.
Each iteration, the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model is modified with the new variable x, i.e. with the optimized soil layer parameters, and the deformation of the computation enclosure is simulated, and step (4) is repeated. And (3) carrying out further iterative calculation on all the reserved optimization X' jk,i along with the iteration ending, and finally obtaining the optimal soil layer parameters, wherein a calculation flow chart of the optimal soil layer parameters is shown in figure 1.
Based on JAYA algorithm, carrying out three-dimensional numerical model correction according to different construction working conditions of the subway station to obtain a numerical model with the best fitting degree with actual conditions, establishing a three-dimensional numerical model by FLAC3D according to corrected soil layer parameters, carrying out numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure and the internal force condition of the internal support in the construction process of each construction working condition, taking the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position as risk areas, including the maximum displacement area of the enclosure structure, the maximum stress area of the support structure and the integral deformation and stress condition of the foundation pit in each construction working condition, and taking the maximum displacement area, the maximum stress area and the integral deformation and the internal force condition as risk sources in the construction process of the subway station;
exporting the deformation data including coordinate information in the deep foundation pit construction process into txt files in FLAC 3D;
And building a BIM model for subway station construction by adopting Revit software, wherein the coordinate size and construction working condition setting of the model are consistent with those of the model built in FLAC3D, and simulating the whole construction process. When the earthwork is excavated, as the earthwork is excavated, the load on one side of the enclosure structure close to the foundation pit is removed, and the stress state of the enclosure structure is completely changed compared with that before the earthwork is excavated, the deformation condition of the enclosure structure is critical to the safety of the whole foundation pit, and therefore, the deformation condition of the enclosure structure in the construction process is required to be visualized by using BIM.
And importing Revi t software, namely a BIM model, into foundation pit deformation data derived from FLAC3D, matching the deformation condition of the subway deep foundation pit support structure, the stress condition of the support and the crown beam in the foundation pit with the BIM model according to different construction conditions, realizing deformation visualization in the construction process, setting the maximum deformation of the support structure and the maximum stress area of the inner support as risk areas, and marking with warning marks in the BIM model. The existing model is not corrected, the result obtained by the model corrected by the algorithm is subjected to visualization before the risk visualization, and the risk area is displayed more intuitively and accurately.
The following figure 2 shows the corrected excavation construction BIM model of the deep foundation pit of the subway station, deformation data of the enclosure structure, the supporting structure and the soil layer are displayed from small to large according to light to deep colors, and deformation visualization of the BIM model of the deep foundation pit is achieved. FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the maximum displacement of the building envelope with the alarm value under different construction conditions, and when the maximum deformation value of the building envelope exceeds the alarm value in the construction process of the BIM model, the maximum displacement position is automatically marked red for display.
The BIM model is used for carrying out next construction working condition simulation of actual construction in advance, predicting possible risks of construction according to the risk visualization of the simulation process, carrying out construction reinforcement simulation on a structure with risk alarm in time, and carrying out next actual construction after risk assessment safety through the BIM model.
And importing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into a BIM model, displaying a risk area and corresponding deformation and stress allowable values in each working condition of each construction, realizing the risk visualization of the construction process, and carrying out risk prediction and assessment. The construction education and risk assessment are facilitated on the construction site, the site retesting is timely carried out on the structure with the risk area exceeding the allowable value, the risk source exceeding the allowable value is determined, the foundation pit structure is reinforced timely, and the construction efficiency and the safety of site construction are improved.
The early warning method has the beneficial effects that: (1) And carrying out soil layer parameter inversion calculation based on JAYA algorithm by combining the monitoring data, so as to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model which is more in line with reality.
(2) In numerical simulation, the soil layer model belongs to a nonlinear problem, and FLAC3D is more accurate in calculating and simulating the nonlinear problem.
(3) And combining three-dimensional software FLAC3D and BIM technology, establishing a three-dimensional numerical model simulation analysis, importing the obtained risk area analysis result into a BIM model, simulating deformation conditions and risk areas of the building envelope in the construction process and the working condition of each construction of the subway station by using the BIM model, realizing the risk visualization of the construction process, being more beneficial to on-site construction education and risk assessment, and improving the construction efficiency.
(4) And the risk assessment result is more reliable through combination of inversion calculation and BIM-FLAC 3D.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but any minor modifications, equivalents, and improvements made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A real-time visual early warning method for subway station construction process risk is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
S1, monitoring a foundation pit, collecting deep foundation pit deformation monitoring data in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely establishing a subway station construction process numerical model by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
S3, visualizing, generating a risk area through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk area and the numerical value;
the specific steps in the step S3 visualization are as follows:
S3.1, data correction, namely correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on JAYA algorithm to meet the actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure and the internal force condition of the internal support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the position with the maximum deformation and the position with the maximum stress into risk areas;
S3.2, risk visualization, namely building a BIM model of subway station construction, and dividing the position with the largest deformation and the position with the largest stress into risk areas in the BIM model to warn;
The deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure are imported into a BIM model, a risk area and corresponding deformation and stress allowable values are displayed in each working condition of each construction, and finally, the risk visualization in the construction process is realized;
in the step S3.1 of the method,
Importing the foundation pit monitoring data, soil layer parameter data and horizontal displacement data of the building envelope obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation into JAYA calculation algorithm, taking the difference value between the deformation condition of the building envelope and the actual measurement value and 1 as an objective function f (x), wherein the objective function is expressed as follows:
Wherein, For the ith measured deformation value, S i(x′j,k,i), the deformation value is numerically calculated, x' j,k,i is a variable of the objective function, and the soil layer parameter calculated as an inversion, i.e., the variable x includes: young's modulus E, poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal friction angle/>
Each iteration, correcting the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model by using a new variable x, namely using optimized soil layer parameters, simulating and calculating the deformation of the enclosure structure, and repeating the steps; carrying out further iterative computation on all reserved optimization X' j,k,i along with the iteration end to finally obtain optimal soil layer parameters;
in step S3.2, a BIM model for subway station construction is established by adopting Revit software, the coordinate size and construction condition setting of the model are consistent with those of the model established in FLAC3D, and the whole construction process is simulated.
2. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the monitoring module includes a total station for monitoring the level of the enclosure structure, a vertical level for monitoring vertical displacement, an inclinometer for monitoring lateral deformation of soil around the foundation pit, a settlement level for monitoring ground settlement, and an axial force meter for monitoring axial force of support in the foundation pit;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the construction process of the whole subway station deep foundation pit and collecting deformation monitoring data of the subway station construction process deep foundation pit.
3. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, a numerical model of a subway station construction process is established through three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D, and the construction process includes: building an enclosure structure, excavating a foundation pit, and building a main body structure of a subway station;
modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to the construction working conditions, wherein layered excavation is adopted during earth excavation, each layer of earth excavation is used as one construction working condition, and crown beam construction and support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of excavation construction;
after the model is established, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process.
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