CN112926110A - Real-time visual early warning method for risks in construction process of subway station - Google Patents
Real-time visual early warning method for risks in construction process of subway station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time visual early warning method for risks in a subway station construction process, which comprises the steps of collecting deformation monitoring data of a deep foundation pit in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server; based on soil layer parameter data obtained by on-site investigation, a numerical model of the subway station construction process is established by using a three-dimensional modeling method; based on JAYA algorithm, correcting the numerical model of the subway station construction process to meet the actual construction conditions of different sections; and establishing a BIM model of subway station construction, dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas, and marking the risk areas in the BIM model by warning. According to the method, the BIM model is used for simulating the deformation condition and the risk area of the building envelope in the construction process of each construction condition of the subway station and in the process, so that the visualization of the risk in the construction process is realized, the field construction education is facilitated, the risk evaluation is carried out, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering construction risk management, in particular to a real-time visual early warning method for risks in a subway station construction process.
Background
Along with the continuous development of economy in China, population in a large city is more and more dense, and the problem of urban land use is increasingly tense so as to solve the contradiction between the increasingly crowded urban population and the increasingly growing urban population. The underground rail transit industry is thus rapidly emerging. The urban rail transit construction project can drive fixed asset investment and promote the development of advanced technical equipment industries such as urban rail transit equipment in China. Meanwhile, the deep foundation pit engineering is more and more due to the large-scale construction of subways, the depth is larger and larger, a foundation pit supporting system is more and more complex, a three-dimensional data information model for establishing the supporting system based on a BIM (building information model) technology is the research direction of the super-large and ultra-deep foundation pit engineering, the subway project procedures are complicated, the potential safety hazards of the deep foundation pit are many, the BIM technology is applied to carry out multi-dimensional simulation and analysis on foundation pit excavation, precipitation, support and the like, and meanwhile, the problems of technology, quality, safety and the like can be visually known by field constructors through visual intersection.
The prior art also has the following disadvantages:
(1) at the present stage, for the construction of the subway station, the simulation of the construction process is visualized through the application of the BIM technology, the construction education can be developed on the construction site, and the construction efficiency is improved, however, the prediction of the risk area of the subway station construction process is lacked in the BIM model;
(2) in the construction process of a subway station, the influence on the construction safety is mainly the property of a soil layer, the conventional construction process risk assessment method is mainly used for analyzing through finite element numerical simulation, and soil layer parameters are mainly selected according to indoor test data and cannot truly reflect the complex conditions of a site and the transformation of soil layer stress in the construction process of the subway station;
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a real-time visualized early warning method for subway station construction process risks, which can realize real-time early warning and visualization.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: a real-time visual early warning method for risks in a construction process of a subway station comprises the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring the foundation pit, acquiring deformation monitoring data of the deep foundation pit in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely building a numerical model of the subway station construction process by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
and S3, visualizing, generating a risk area through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk area and the numerical value.
Preferably, the specific steps in the visualization of step S3 are as follows:
s3.1, correcting data, correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on a JAYA algorithm to meet actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of an enclosure structure and the internal force condition of an inner support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas;
s3.2, visualizing risks, establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model for subway station construction, dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas, and marking the risk areas in the BIM model by warning marks;
and introducing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into the BIM, displaying the risk area and the corresponding deformation and stress allowable value in each construction working condition, and finally realizing the risk visualization of the construction process.
Preferably, in step S1, the monitoring module includes a total station for monitoring the level of the enclosure structure, a vertical level for monitoring vertical displacement, an inclinometer for monitoring lateral deformation of a soil body around the foundation pit, a settlement level for monitoring ground settlement, and an axial force meter for monitoring axial force supported in the foundation pit;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the construction process of the whole subway station deep foundation pit and acquiring deformation monitoring data of the subway station deep foundation pit in the construction process.
Preferably, in step S2, a numerical model of the subway station construction process is established by using three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D, and the construction process includes: building envelope construction, foundation pit excavation construction and subway station main structure construction;
modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to construction working conditions, adopting layered excavation during earthwork excavation, wherein each layer of earthwork excavation is used as one construction working condition, and the top beam construction and the support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of the excavation construction;
and after the model is established, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process.
Preferably, in step S3.1, the pit monitoring data, the soil layer parameter data, and the horizontal displacement data of the building enclosure obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation are introduced into the JAYA calculation algorithm, and the difference between the ratio of the deformation condition of the building enclosure to the measured value and 1 is used as an objective function f (x), where the objective function is expressed as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the ith measured deformation value, Si(x′j，k，i) Calculating the deformation value x'j，k，iAnd (3) as the soil layer parameters of the inversion calculation, namely the variable x comprises the following variables: young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal friction angle
Assume that in an arbitrary iteration number i, there are m design variables (i.e., j ═ 1,2, …, m), and n candidate solutions (i.e., population size, k ═ 1,2, …, n). Let f (x)bestSetting f (x) as the optimal solution of all the candidate solutions of the objective function f (x)worstIs the worst solution of all candidate solutions for the objective function f (x). x'j，k，iAnd j variable corresponding to the kth candidate solution in the ith iteration is represented, and the expression is as follows:
x′j，k，i＝xj，k，i+r1，k，i(xj，best，i-|xj，k，i|)-r2，k，i(xj，worst，i-|xj，k，i|)
wherein, Xj，best，iIs the optimal candidate variable j, Xj，worst，iIs the worst candidate variable j. X'j，k，iIs Xj，k，iOf the optimization variable r1，k，iAnd r2，k，iIs the interval [01 ] corresponding to the jth variable in the ith iteration]Two arbitrary values in between. r is1，k，i(Xj，best，i-|Xj，k，iI) representationThe variables tend to be the optimum variables, r2，k，i(Xj，worst，i-|Xj，k，i|) represents a variable evading a worst variable; if the variable is X'j，k，iX 'can obtain a more proper function value'j，k，iReserving;
in each iteration, correcting the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model by using a newly generated variable x, namely the optimized soil layer parameters, simulating and calculating the deformation of the building envelope, and repeating the steps; as the iteration ends, all the remaining optimizations X'j，k，iFurther iterative computation is carried out, and finally the optimal soil layer parameters are obtained;
preferably, in step S3.2, a BIM model of subway station construction is established by using Revit software, the coordinate size and the construction condition setting of the model are all consistent with the model established in FLAC3D, and the whole construction process is simulated.
The method has the advantages that soil layer parameter inversion calculation is carried out based on the JAYA algorithm by combining the monitoring data, so that a three-dimensional numerical model which is more accordant with the reality is obtained; in numerical simulation, the soil layer model belongs to a nonlinear problem, and the FLAC3D is more accurate in calculation and simulation of the nonlinear problem; the three-dimensional numerical model simulation analysis is established by combining three-dimensional software FLAC3D and BIM technology, the obtained risk area analysis result is led into the BIM, the BIM is utilized to simulate the deformation condition and the risk area of the enclosure structure in the construction process and the process of each construction condition of the subway station, the risk visualization of the construction process is realized, the site construction education is facilitated, the risk evaluation is carried out, and the construction efficiency is improved; the combination of the inversion calculation and the BIM-FLAC3D ensures that the risk assessment result is more reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of step three of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a BIM model for visualizing deformation of deep foundation pit construction of a subway station;
FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the maximum deformation value of the building envelope with the alarm value under different construction conditions.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a specific embodiment of the present invention is a real-time visualized early warning method for risks in a subway station construction process, and the method includes the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring the foundation pit, acquiring deformation monitoring data of the deep foundation pit in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely building a numerical model of the subway station construction process by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
and S3, visualizing, generating a risk area through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk area and the numerical value.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific steps in the visualization of step S3 are as follows:
s3.1, correcting data, correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on a JAYA algorithm to meet actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of an enclosure structure and the internal force condition of an inner support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas;
s3.2, visualizing risks, establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model for subway station construction, dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas, and marking the risk areas in the BIM model by warning marks;
and introducing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into the BIM, displaying the risk area and the corresponding deformation and stress allowable value in each construction working condition, and finally realizing the risk visualization of the construction process.
The specific analysis process is as follows: monitoring a deep foundation pit: monitoring the horizontal (total station) and vertical (level) displacement of the enclosure structure, monitoring the lateral deformation of a soil body around the foundation pit (inclinometer), monitoring the ground settlement (level), monitoring the axial force of the support in the foundation pit (axial force meter), and the like, wherein the most important thing is the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure, after the monitoring equipment required by all monitoring contents is installed, the construction process of the deep foundation pit of the whole subway station is started to be monitored, and the deformation monitoring data of the deep foundation pit in the construction process of the subway station, namely the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure of the deep foundation pit of the subway station, is collected;
based on soil layer parameter data obtained by on-site investigation, a numerical model of the subway station construction process is established by using three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D (in reality, deformation of a soil layer is mainly represented as nonlinearity, and the method for solving the nonlinearity by using FLAC3D is more advantageous than other modeling software in solving the nonlinearity problem, and the result obtained by calculation by the method is closer to the actual condition), and the construction process comprises the following steps: building envelope construction, foundation pit excavation construction and subway station main structure construction; modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to construction working conditions, adopting layered excavation during earthwork excavation, wherein each layer of earthwork excavation is used as one construction working condition, and the top beam construction and the support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of the excavation construction; after the model is built, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process;
performing inversion calculation on soil layer parameters by using a JAYA algorithm, and establishing a complete JAYA calculation algorithm in MATLAB;
importing the foundation pit monitoring data, the soil layer parameter data and the horizontal displacement data of the building enclosure obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation into a JAYA calculation algorithm, and taking the difference value between the ratio of the deformation condition of the building enclosure and the measured value and 1 as an objective function f (x), wherein the objective function is expressed as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the ith measured deformation value, Si(x′j，k，i) Calculating the deformation value x'j，k，iAnd (3) as the soil layer parameters of the inversion calculation, namely the variable x comprises the following variables: young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal friction angle
Assume that in an arbitrary iteration number i, there are m design variables (i.e., j ═ 1,2, …, m), and n candidate solutions (i.e., population size, k ═ 1,2, …, n). Let f (x)bestSetting f (x) as the optimal solution of all the candidate solutions of the objective function f (x)worstIs the worst solution of all candidate solutions for the objective function f (x). x'j，k，iAnd j variable corresponding to the kth candidate solution in the ith iteration is represented, and the expression is as follows:
x′j，k，i＝xj，k，i+r1，k，i(xj，best，i-|xj，k，i|)-r2，k，i(xj，worst，i-|xj，k，i|)
wherein, Xj，best，iIs the optimal candidate variable j, Xj，worst，iIs the worst candidate variable j. X'j，k，iIs Xj，k，iOf the optimization variable r1，k，iAnd r2，k，iIs the interval [01 ] corresponding to the jth variable in the ith iteration]Two arbitrary values in between. r is1，k，i(Xj，best，i-|Xj，k，iI) represents that the variable tends to be the optimal variable, r2，i，i(Xj，worst，i-|Xj，k，i|) represents the variable circumventing the worst variable. If the variable is X'j，k，iX 'can obtain a more proper function value'j，k，iAnd (5) reserving.
And (5) modifying the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model by using the newly generated variable x, namely the optimized soil layer parameters, simulating and calculating the deformation of the building envelope, and repeating the step (4). As the iteration ends, all the remaining optimizations X'j，k，iAnd performing further iterative calculation to finally obtain the optimal soil layer parameters, wherein a calculation flow chart is shown in fig. 1.
Based on JAYA algorithm, correcting a three-dimensional numerical model according to different construction conditions of a subway station to obtain a numerical model with the best fitting degree with the actual condition, establishing the three-dimensional numerical model according to corrected soil layer parameters by FLAC3D, carrying out numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure and the internal force condition of the inner support in the construction process of each construction condition, taking the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position as risk areas, including the maximum displacement area of the enclosure structure, the maximum stress area of the support structure, the integral deformation and stress condition of the foundation pit in each construction condition, and taking the maximum deformation area, the maximum stress area, the maximum displacement area, the maximum stress area and the integral deformation condition as risk sources in;
exporting deformation data including coordinate information in the deep foundation pit construction process into a txt file in FLAC 3D;
and (3) building a BIM model of subway station construction by adopting Revit software, wherein the coordinate size and the construction condition setting of the model are consistent with those of the model built in FLAC3D, and the whole construction process is simulated. When the earthwork is excavated, because the earthwork is excavated, the load on one side of the enclosure structure close to the foundation pit is unloaded, the stress state is completely changed compared with that before the excavation, and the deformation condition of the enclosure structure is important for the safety of the whole foundation pit, so that the deformation condition of the enclosure structure in the construction process needs to be visually processed by using the BIM.
And importing the foundation pit deformation data derived from FLAC3D into Revit software, namely a BIM (building information modeling) model, matching the deformation condition of the subway deep foundation pit support structure and the stress condition of the foundation pit inner support and the crown beam with the BIM model according to different construction conditions, realizing deformation visualization in the construction process, setting the maximum deformation and inner support stress area of the support structure as a risk area, and marking by warning in the BIM model. The existing model is not corrected, before the risk visualization, visualization processing is carried out according to the result obtained by the model after algorithm correction, so that the risk area display is more visual, and the accuracy is better.
As shown in fig. 2 below, the corrected excavation construction BIM model of the deep foundation pit of the subway station is displayed from small to large according to the colors from light to deep, so as to realize the visualization of the deformation of the BIM model of the deep foundation pit. FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the maximum displacement of the building envelope and the alarm value under different construction conditions, and when the maximum deformation value of the building envelope exceeds the alarm value in the construction process of the BIM model, the maximum displacement position is automatically displayed in red.
The BIM model carries out next construction working condition simulation of actual construction in advance, risks which possibly exist in construction are predicted according to risk visualization in the simulation process, construction reinforcement simulation is timely carried out on structures with risk alarms, and the next actual construction can be carried out only after the risk assessment safety of the BIM model.
And introducing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into the BIM, displaying the risk area and the corresponding deformation and stress allowable value in each construction working condition, realizing the risk visualization of the construction process, and predicting and evaluating the risk. The construction method is beneficial to construction education and risk assessment on a construction site, timely retest is conducted on structures with risk areas exceeding the allowable value, the risk sources exceeding the allowable value are determined, the foundation pit structures are timely reinforced, and construction efficiency and safety of site construction are improved.
The early warning method has the beneficial effects that: (1) and combining the monitoring data, and performing soil layer parameter inversion calculation based on a JAYA algorithm to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model which is more accordant with the reality.
(2) In numerical simulation, soil layer models belong to a nonlinear problem, and FLAC3D is more accurate in calculation and simulation of the nonlinear problem.
(3) The three-dimensional numerical model simulation analysis is established by combining three-dimensional software FLAC3D and BIM technology, the obtained risk area analysis result is imported into the BIM, the BIM is utilized to simulate the deformation condition and the risk area of the enclosure structure in the construction process and the process of each construction condition of the subway station, the risk visualization of the construction process is realized, the site construction education is facilitated, the risk evaluation is carried out, and the construction efficiency is improved.
(4) The combination of the inversion calculation and the BIM-FLAC3D ensures that the risk assessment result is more reliable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A real-time visual early warning method for risks in a construction process of a subway station is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring the foundation pit, acquiring deformation monitoring data of the deep foundation pit in the subway station construction process through a monitoring module, and uploading the data to a server;
s2, data modeling, namely building a numerical model of the subway station construction process by using a three-dimensional modeling method based on soil layer parameter data obtained by field investigation;
and S3, visualizing, generating a risk area through numerical simulation analysis, and dynamically displaying the risk area and the numerical value.
2. A real-time visual early warning method for risks in a construction process of a subway station is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific steps in the visualization at step S3 are as follows:
s3.1, correcting data, correcting a numerical model of the subway station construction process based on a JAYA algorithm to meet actual conditions of different construction stages, performing numerical simulation analysis, simulating and calculating the whole construction process, determining the horizontal displacement of an enclosure structure and the internal force condition of an inner support in the construction process of each construction working condition, and dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas;
s3.2, visualizing risks, establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model for subway station construction, dividing the maximum deformation position and the maximum stress position into risk areas, and marking the risk areas in the BIM model by warning marks;
and introducing the deformation allowable value and the stress allowable value of the structure into the BIM, displaying the risk area and the corresponding deformation and stress allowable value in each construction working condition, and finally realizing the risk visualization of the construction process.
3. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the monitoring module includes a total station for monitoring the level of the enclosure structure, a vertical level for monitoring vertical displacement, an inclinometer for monitoring lateral deformation of a soil body around the foundation pit, a settlement level for monitoring ground settlement, and an axial force meter for monitoring the axial force supported in the foundation pit;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the construction process of the whole subway station deep foundation pit and acquiring deformation monitoring data of the subway station deep foundation pit in the construction process.
4. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, a numerical model of the subway station construction process is established by the three-dimensional modeling software FLAC3D, and the construction process includes: building envelope construction, foundation pit excavation construction and subway station main structure construction;
modeling the excavation construction process of the foundation pit according to construction working conditions, adopting layered excavation during earthwork excavation, wherein each layer of earthwork excavation is used as one construction working condition, and the top beam construction and the support construction are used as the last two construction working conditions of the excavation construction;
and after the model is established, simulating and calculating the deformation of all monitoring contents such as the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit support structure in the subway station construction process.
5. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in a step S3.1, the data is transmitted,
importing the foundation pit monitoring data, the soil layer parameter data and the horizontal displacement data of the building enclosure obtained by FLAC3D simulation calculation into a JAYA calculation algorithm, and taking the difference value between the ratio of the deformation condition of the building enclosure and the measured value and 1 as an objective function f (x), wherein the objective function is expressed as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the ith measured deformation value, Si(x′j，k，i) Calculating the deformation value x'j，k，iAnd (3) as the soil layer parameters of the inversion calculation, namely the variable x comprises the following variables: young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio v, cohesion C, internal frictionCorner wiper
In each iteration, correcting the FLAC3D three-dimensional numerical model by using a newly generated variable x, namely the optimized soil layer parameters, simulating and calculating the deformation of the building envelope, and repeating the steps; as the iteration ends, all the remaining optimizations X'j，k，iAnd further carrying out iterative calculation to finally obtain the optimal soil layer parameters.
6. The subway station construction process risk real-time visualization early warning method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in step S3.2, a BIM model of subway station construction is established by using Revit software, the coordinate size and the construction condition setting of the model are all consistent with those of the model established in FLAC3D, and the whole construction process is simulated.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113338295A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-03 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Construction method of subway station deep foundation pit under water-rich geological condition |
| CN113446994A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | 中铁隧道局集团路桥工程有限公司 | Three-dimensional intelligent monitoring method for structure adjacent to existing station in newly-built subway construction |
| CN113779663A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-10 | 安徽数智建造研究院有限公司 | BIM-based subway station enclosure structure three-dimensional modeling method, system and medium |
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