CN112924125A - Three-dimensional model soil box, system and method for testing field vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation barrier - Google Patents
Three-dimensional model soil box, system and method for testing field vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation barrier Download PDFInfo
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional model soil box, a system and a method for testing the vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier field, wherein the three-dimensional model soil box comprises an outer model box (10), an inner shearing box (20) and a steel spring support (30); the inner shearing box (20) comprises a plurality of stacked enclosure frames (21) and a plurality of box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23), the enclosure frames are connected through a plurality of friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports (22), the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) serve as the bottom of the inner shearing box (20) and are not connected with the enclosure frames (21), and the steel spring supports (30) are connected between the outer model box (10) and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) and between the outer model box (10) and the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer. The system comprises a vibration table (40) and a three-dimensional model soil box, wherein the vibration table is in contact with the three-dimensional model soil box through a hammer head (42) and a loading plate (43) which are in rigid connection, and applies vibration to the three-dimensional model soil box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration control, in particular to a three-dimensional model soil box, a system and a method for testing vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier field.
Background
The vibration of the surrounding rock-soil mass caused by the passage of rail traffic (such as subway or light rail) and railway often causes the vibration of surrounding buildings and even damages, thereby affecting the physical health of the residents living around. How to evaluate the vibration of the surrounding rock-soil body caused by the passing of the railway train mainly by the linear vibration source is an important technical problem for environmental vibration evaluation and treatment for many years. Generally, the vibration isolation barriers such as empty ditches and filled ditches are arranged in rock-soil bodies between a train vibration source and a protected building, so that the influence of train operation on the vibration of surrounding buildings is reduced. However, how to accurately and efficiently evaluate the vibration isolation mechanism and the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier is an important condition for designing the vibration isolation barrier and implementing the grounding.
In the prior art, it is a common choice to develop necessary physical experiments and numerical simulation in the design implementation process. The physical experiment is divided into a field in-situ test, an open-ground test field simulation test and a laboratory scale model soil box test. The on-site in-situ test is the most reliable experimental means, but is often difficult to implement due to the test cost and construction conditions; the method that the train passes through the vibration source is often simulated to means such as knocking drop hammer in the open field test, because the actual vibration source vibration that the train passes through is difficult to simulate in the experiment, often be unfavorable for testing the effect of vibration when actual train passes through. Whether a test system combining the advantages of "actually measured vibration source in-situ test on site" and "strong cost controllability and feasibility in simulation test of open space test field" can be developed is a technical bottleneck to be broken through in the field vibration isolation effect test of the vibration isolation barrier.
The principle and the defects of the model soil box test means are as follows: the actual foundation soil is continuous, the foundation soil model can be simplified into an elastic half space infinitely extending in the horizontal direction within a small deformation range of a soil body, but unless in-situ tests are carried out, a laboratory can only intercept limited foundation soil to carry out experiments (namely model soil filled in soil boxes with limited volumes is used for replacing actual infinite-area foundations in the laboratory), and the boundary effect is certainly introduced when the limited foundation soil is intercepted from the elastic half space infinitely extending and filled into a common model box to carry out the experiments. The reason is that the fluctuation energy in the soil body is easy to cause fluctuation reflection and refraction after reaching the side boundary or the bottom boundary of the model box under the excitation of the external load, so that a large error is generated in the simulation of the soil body in an infinite space. However, studies have shown that horizontal infinite radiation conditions can be approximated by a horizontal multi-layer shear box. The principle that the shearing model box can approximate the infinite radiation condition of the fluctuation energy in the horizontal direction is that the foundation soil can horizontally form layers to generate relative motion, so that the vibration energy is consumed, and the fluctuation reflection effect at the boundary is reduced as much as possible. In order to eliminate the bottom plate reflection effect under vertical vibration, the prior art also adopts a support suspension mode and the like to simulate the infinite radiation condition of vertical fluctuation energy of the bottom plate. However, the existing shear box testing device has the following defects:
(1) the existing connecting mechanism of the shear box enclosure assembly is a one-way moving guide rail or guide groove or two orthogonal guide rails and guide grooves, so that the movement direction is strongly limited, and if the movement directions of the multi-layer shear box enclosure assembly are inconsistent or vertical, the movement of the guide rail or guide groove connecting mechanism is difficult to coordinate.
(2) In the prior art, a vertical vibration release mechanism of a shear box enclosure assembly connecting mechanism is less in complete decoupling with a horizontal motion release mechanism, the horizontal motion and the vertical motion often have a linkage effect, and the horizontal motion and the vertical motion can interfere in the actual vibration process.
(3) The provision of a vertically deforming steel spring support does not guarantee that horizontal deformation does not occur when there is horizontal vibration, mainly because the vertical steel spring support has no horizontal stop means and no mechanism for digesting the horizontal movement component for it.
Accordingly, there is a need for new techniques and apparatus to at least partially obviate the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional model soil box for testing a field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier, comprising: the outer die box (10), the inner shearing box (20) and the steel spring support (30);
the inner shearing box (20) comprises a plurality of stacked enclosure frames (21) and a plurality of box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23), the enclosure frames are connected through a plurality of friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports (22), the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) serve as the bottom of the inner shearing box (20) but are not connected with the enclosure frames (21), and the steel spring supports (30) are connected between the outer model box (10) and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) and between the outer model box (10) and the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer; the number, width and density of the strip-shaped supporting strips can be designed according to the actual requirements of the test, and the steel spring support under the strip-shaped supporting strips can be selected according to the size of the supporting strips;
the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support (22) comprises a friction plate upper top plate (221), a friction plate lower bottom plate (222), a steel spring lower bottom plate (223), a plurality of steel spring bodies (224) and a plurality of limiting sleeves (225); the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate and the lower bottom plate (223) of the steel spring are respectively connected with two adjacent layers of enclosure frames (21) or respectively connected with the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strip (22);
the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate is in sliding connection with the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate, so that the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate can slide along the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate along any horizontal direction;
an upper sleeve of the limiting sleeve (225) is fixed on the lower surface of the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate, a lower sleeve of the limiting sleeve (225) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (223) of the steel spring, and the steel spring body (224) is arranged in a space formed by nesting the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model soil box for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier further comprises a viscoelastic fluid or damper disposed between the outer model box (10) and the inner shear box (20).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional model soil box for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier further comprises a Teflon coating (226) coated on the inner surface of the limiting sleeve (225).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the rigidity of the steel spring body (224) of the steel spring three-dimensional limiting support (22) connected in series with the friction pendulum of each layer is gradually increased along with the upward and downward movement of each layer of the enclosure frame (21).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the lower plate (222) of the friction plate is a plane or a concave curved surface, and is formed with protrusions at the periphery.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional model soil box for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier further comprises a flexible membrane (24) arranged on the inner surface of the inner shear box (20).
According to another aspect of the invention, a system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier is provided, and is characterized by comprising the three-dimensional model soil box.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a vibration table (40) in contact with the three-dimensional model soil box for applying vibration to the soil mass in the three-dimensional model soil box.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the vibration table comprises a hammer head (42) rigidly connected to a table top (41) of the vibration table and a loading plate (43).
According to an embodiment of the invention, the vibration table further comprises a soft or hard link (48) for maintaining contact of both the hammer head (42) and the load plate (43).
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for testing the vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier field is provided, which comprises the step of applying vibration to soil in a three-dimensional model soil box for testing the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier field according to the invention by using a rigidly connected hammer head (42) of a vibration table (40) and a loading plate (43) in contact with the hammer head (42).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the method for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier further comprises the step of separating soil bodies in the three-dimensional model soil box by using the vertical vibration isolation barrier (50).
The invention develops a novel three-dimensional model soil box, a friction pendulum is adopted to serially connect a steel spring three-dimensional limiting support to support a layered three-dimensional shear box enclosure assembly, and a strip-shaped supporting strip with a vertical steel spring support is arranged on a bottom plate of the model box, so that the beneficial technical effects can be realized:
(1) the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support for supporting the layered shear box enclosure assembly can furthest allow a layered three-dimensional shear box enclosure framework to drive soil in a box to slide in any horizontal direction, and overcomes the limitation of the conventional slide rail type support or a marble track with a sliding groove to the sliding direction.
(2) The steel spring support connected with the friction pendulum in series can allow the layered shear box enclosure framework to drive the soil body in the box to move in the vertical direction to the maximum extent, and the double-layer slidable sleeve outside the steel spring limits the horizontal deformation of the steel spring so as to realize the decoupling of horizontal and vertical movements, namely the friction pendulum support contributes a horizontal movement component in any direction and the steel spring support contributes a vertical movement component.
(3) The bottom plate of the model box is provided with strip-shaped supporting strips with vertical steel spring supports, so that the constraint of vertical vibration of soil in the box can be further removed.
(4) The vertical steel springs which are connected in series between the enclosure frames of the shearing box in a layered and dispersed manner can better share and digest vertical vibration components, and particularly, the bottom of the shearing box is provided with vertical slice type load-bearing strip-shaped supporting strips and steel spring supports.
In addition, the vibration table can be used as an advanced controllable artificial vibration source, the vibration of the steel rail or the rail plate collected in the in-situ test is applied to a vibration hammer head rigidly connected with the vibration table, so that the vibration table can controllably drive the foundation soil body to vibrate, and the vibration table can well simulate the field soil vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier caused by the passing of a train.
Drawings
The features of the present application may be better understood with reference to the drawings described below and the claims. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles described herein. In the drawings, like numerals are used to indicate like parts throughout the various views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a three-dimensional model soil box for testing a vibration isolation barrier field vibration isolation effect according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of an inner shear box according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of an inner shear box according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional limiting support of a friction pendulum tandem steel spring according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support in the use state shown in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a three-dimensional limiting support of a friction pendulum series steel spring according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier according to an embodiment of the present application (surface source);
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier (underground source) according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rigid hammer head rigidly connected to a vibration table according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples, which are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a three-dimensional model soil box for testing a vibration isolation barrier field vibration isolation effect according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional model soil box for testing the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier field according to the embodiment of the present invention may include an outer model box 10, an inner shear box 20, and a steel spring support 30.
The outer mold box 10 may be welded using steel plates, such as a coverless hollow cylinder or a coverless hollow prism. Of course, other suitable materials such as aluminum alloys and the like may be used. The thickness of the box body can be 5-10mm, or other suitable thicknesses. The bottom plate can be provided with partial bolt connecting holes for connecting with a bottom connecting plate of a steel spring support 30 below a strip-shaped supporting strip at the bottom of the inner shearing box 20.
The inner shear box 20 may include a plurality of stacked containment frames 21 and a plurality of box bottom strip joists 23. 6-10 layers of enclosure frames 21 can be arranged as required. If the horizontal movement is dominant, a large number of layers and a small size of each layer may be provided, and if the vertical movement is dominant, a small number of layers and a large size of each layer may be provided. The enclosure frames of all layers are connected by a plurality of friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports 22, and the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer and the outer model box 10 are connected and supported by a steel spring support 30. In addition, the steel spring support 30 is also connected between the outer model box 10 and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strip 23 of the inner shearing box 20, and supports the soil body in the inner shearing box 20.
Additionally, the inner shear box 20 may also include a flexible membrane 24 disposed on an inner surface of the inner shear box 20. For example, the inner part of the inner shear box is primed by soft canvas with certain strength so as to prevent soil from leaking out of the box body.
The inner shear box 20 may take a square frame cross-section, a round frame cross-section, or other suitable form. For example, fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of an inner shear box according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 shows a schematic plan view of an inner shear box according to another embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, each enclosure frame 21 of the inner shear box is provided with 8 friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports 22 on average, and the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports 22 are connected with other enclosure frames 21. Of course, other suitable number of friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limit support 22 can be arranged according to the requirement.
The internal shear box body is separated from the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strip 23, and the strip-shaped supporting strip is adopted to support the soil body instead of the whole steel bottom plate, so that the soil body can be divided into vertical slices to reduce the boundary effect of the model box at the bottom boundary during vertical vibration. The strip-shaped supporting strips in the box body of the square-frame-shaped shearing box are the same in size, and the size of the strip-shaped supporting strips in the box body of the round-frame-shaped shearing box is changed according to the box body rule (the middle is long and the edge is short). In addition, the number, width and density of the strip-shaped supporting strips can be designed according to the actual requirements of the test.
As shown in the figure, a pair of steel spring supports 30 (or other suitable numbers) can be installed under each strip-shaped supporting strip 23 at the bottom of the internal shear box, and 4 bolt holes can be reserved on the upper and lower bottom plates of the steel spring supports respectively for fixing with the strip-shaped supporting strips 23 and the bottom plate of the external model box 10. In addition, a plurality of steel spring supports 30 are also arranged below the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer and are fixed with the bottom plate of the outer model box 10 through the steel spring supports 30. The figure shows that 8 steel spring supports 30 are arranged under the lowest enclosing frame, and it should be understood that the number and the positions of the steel spring supports 30 are also arranged according to specific needs. The rigidity of the steel spring support depends on the weight of a soil body in the soil box, the load corresponding to the ultimate deformation of all the steel springs can be approximately 0.3-0.7 times of the static vertical load (namely the dead weight) of the model, and the value can also be taken according to the actually applied vertical acceleration in the test scheme, and the value taking principle can be that the deformation caused by the superposition of the vertical acceleration of the external load and the dead weight does not exceed 90% of the ultimate deformation of the steel springs.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional limiting support of a friction pendulum tandem steel spring according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support in the use state shown in FIG. 4; fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a three-dimensional limiting support of a friction pendulum series steel spring according to an embodiment of the application.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the three-dimensional limiting support 22 of the friction pendulum tandem steel spring of the present embodiment may include a friction plate upper top plate 221, a friction plate lower bottom plate 222, a steel spring lower bottom plate 223, a plurality of steel spring bodies 224, and a plurality of limiting sleeves 225.
The friction plate upper top plate 221 is slidably connected to the friction plate lower bottom plate 222, so that the friction plate upper top plate 221 can slide along the upper surface of the friction plate lower bottom plate 222 in any horizontal direction. For example, the upper top plate 221 of the friction plate and the lower bottom plate 222 of the friction plate are connected by a connecting member, which includes an upper fixed connecting member 2211 and a lower movable connecting member 2212, the upper fixed connecting member 2211 is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the upper top plate 221 of the friction plate, and a spherical recess is formed on the lower surface of the fixed connecting member 2211, a spherical protrusion matching with the spherical recess is formed on the upper portion of the lower movable connecting member 2212, and the lower bottom surface of the lower movable connecting member 2212 is placed on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate 222 of the friction plate, which is a concave curved surface. When the lower movable connecting piece 2212 is stressed, the lower movable connecting piece can slide along the concave curved surface along the stressed direction, and drives the upper top plate 221 of the friction plate to move. In addition, a protrusion may be formed on the periphery of the lower surface of the friction plate upper top plate 221 to prevent the friction plate upper top plate 221 from being separated from the friction plate lower bottom plate 222 in the horizontal direction. Also, the upper surface of the friction plate lower bottom plate 222 may be formed as a flat surface so that the friction plate upper top plate 221 can maintain an initial elevation during horizontal sliding.
The upper sleeve of the limit sleeve 225 is fixed on the lower surface of the lower bottom plate 222 of the friction plate, the lower sleeve of the limit sleeve 225 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate 223 of the steel spring, and the steel spring body 224 is arranged in a space formed by nesting the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve. Referring to fig. 6, 5 restraining sleeves 225 and 5 corresponding steel spring bodies 224 may be disposed between the friction plate lower plate 222 and the steel spring lower plate 223. As shown in the figure, the horizontal limiting sleeve for limiting the horizontal movement of the steel spring body can be a hollow cylinder, and the inner surface of the horizontal limiting sleeve can be covered with a Teflon coating layer to reduce friction.
In the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support 22, the friction plate upper top plate 221 and the steel spring lower bottom plate 223 are respectively connected with two adjacent layers of enclosure frames 21 or respectively connected with the enclosure frame on the bottommost layer and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strip 22. Therefore, mounting holes can be formed on the upper top plate 221 of the friction plate and the lower bottom plate 223 of the steel spring, correspondingly, mounting holes are also formed at corresponding positions of the enclosure frame and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strip, and the components are connected through the mounting holes.
The size of the three-dimensional limiting support of the friction pendulum series steel spring is matched with the size of each enclosure assembly of the inner shearing box, the design parameters of the friction pendulum part of each layer of support providing horizontal motion capability can be the same, but the steel spring body 224 parameter providing vertical deformation can increase the rigidity sequentially from top to bottom, the rigidity increasing amplitude depends on the soil mass weight corresponding to each layer of enclosure assembly, and the load corresponding to the limit deformation of the three-dimensional limiting support 22 of each layer of friction pendulum series steel spring can be approximately 0.3-0.7 times of the soil mass weight corresponding to each layer of enclosure frame at the upper part in the model.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model soil box to test the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier may further include a viscoelastic fluid or damper disposed between the outer model box 10 and the inner shear box 20 for absorbing energy or for dissipating energy when vibrating.
The existing soil body shear box test on the vibrating table is usually to simulate the plane wave generated by a far-field seismic source to reach the foundation soil in the research area range, so that the vibration of the foundation soil is generated, therefore, a model shear soil box (sometimes a structure on the foundation soil and the foundation soil) needs to be moved on the vibrating table for carrying out the test, and the vibration form of the foundation soil under the action of inertia force can be well simulated. However, the size of the soil box and the weight of the model on the vibration table are limited by the size of the vibration table and the magnitude of the driving force, and if the vibration table is small in size and low in load, the size of the model is greatly limited.
It has been found that for earth surface or near-surface earth mass (including structures in near-surface foundation earth) caused by near-field earth surface (or near-surface) such as subway or train operation, the vibration transmission path is a process of exciting earth vibration from the train to radiate to a far distance. Often can simplify to the foundation soil body and be the strong excitation vibration of earth's surface artificial source, consequently can need not carry the model soil box to the shaking table and carry out the experiment.
The vibration table can be used as an advanced controllable artificial vibration source, the vibration of the steel rail or the rail plate collected in the in-situ test is applied to the vibration hammer head rigidly connected with the vibration table, so that the vibration table can controllably drive the foundation soil body to vibrate, and the vibration table is an excellent vibration source.
Therefore, the invention also provides a novel system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier. The test system utilizes the vibration table to reproduce actual measurement vibration, and can realize the technical scheme of simulating actual large-scale field soil by utilizing a small-scale field soil model by combining the three-dimensional model soil box.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier according to an embodiment of the present application (surface source); fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier (underground source) according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rigid hammer head rigidly connected to a vibration table according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 7-9, the system may include a vibration table 40 and a three-dimensional model soil box of the present invention. The vibration table 40 may include a vibration table top 41, a ram 42 rigidly connected to the vibration table top 41, a load plate 43, a vibration table actuator 44, and a vibration table base 45. The rigidly attached hammer head 42 may be attached to the table top 41 by a boltholed attachment end plate 46 and a rigid attachment rod 47.
The method for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier is further explained by taking the vibration of the track when a train passes through as an example. In order to simulate the vibration generated by the passing of the ground train, the vibration of the steel rail or the rail plate collected on the actual rail or the track bed when the actual train passes is applied to a vibration hammer head rigidly connected with a vibration table, and the hammer head 42 contacts a loading plate 43 arranged on a three-dimensional model soil box to simulate the vibration excitation of the ground when the actual train passes. And a vertical vibration isolation barrier 50 is arranged in the three-dimensional model soil box to separate soil in the three-dimensional model soil box, and the vibration table 40 loads vibration on one side of the vibration isolation barrier 50. The vibration of both sides of the vibration isolation barrier 50 may then be detected, thereby testing the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier.
In order to prevent the rigid hammer head from being lifted upwards and separated from the loading plate 43, so that the working condition that the rigid hammer head is always forced to vibrate cannot be achieved, pre-pressure applied between the rigid hammer head and the loading plate before the test is started can be considered, the magnitude of the pre-pressure can be controlled through pre-pressure displacement, the pre-pressure displacement refers to displacement continuously applied downwards after the hammer head and the loading plate are just contacted as zero points, and the pre-pressure displacement can be limited by maximum displacement obtained by applying acceleration signals to the vibration table through secondary integration and increasing by 20%.
Another method for preventing the rigid hammer head from being separated from the loading plate during upward lifting is to embed the loading plate into the soil model of the foundation to a certain depth, fix the rigid hammer head to the loading plate 43 by using a soft link 48 (the soft link can bear tension but cannot bear pressure), contact the rigid hammer head with the loading plate at the beginning of the experiment, have no effect when the hammer head moves downward, and apply the load generated by the hammer head to the loading plate when the hammer head moves upward to separate from the loading plate. Furthermore, the hammer head can be in hard connection with the loading plate embedded in the foundation soil model, so that the hammer head is not separated from the loading plate consciously. If the ground train is simulated to pass through the vibration applied to the foundation soil, the loading plate embedded in the foundation soil model is preferably 30% of the total depth of the model surface.
The loading plate can also be embedded into a designated depth (figure 8), and the hammer head is in hard connection with the loading plate embedded into the foundation soil model, so that the vibration applied to the track plate when the underground line train passes through the tunnels with different embedding depths can be simulated.
In addition, more than two hammers can be installed along the direction of the loading plate so as to simulate the influence of train wheel pairs.
It will be appreciated that variations of the above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different systems or applications. Various presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional model soil box of test vibration isolation barrier place vibration isolation effect which characterized in that includes: the outer die box (10), the inner shearing box (20) and the steel spring support (30);
the inner shearing box (20) comprises a plurality of stacked enclosure frames (21) and a plurality of box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23), the enclosure frames are connected through a plurality of friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting supports (22), the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) serve as the bottom of the inner shearing box (20) and are not connected with the enclosure frames (21), and the steel spring supports (30) are connected between the outer model box (10) and the box bottom strip-shaped supporting strips (23) and between the outer model box (10) and the enclosure frame at the bottommost layer;
the friction pendulum series steel spring three-dimensional limiting support (22) comprises a friction plate upper top plate (221), a friction plate lower bottom plate (222), a steel spring lower bottom plate (223), a plurality of steel spring bodies (224) and a plurality of limiting sleeves (225); the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate and the lower bottom plate (223) of the steel spring are respectively connected with two adjacent layers of enclosure frames (21);
the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate is in sliding connection with the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate, so that the upper top plate (221) of the friction plate can slide along the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate along any horizontal direction;
an upper sleeve of the limiting sleeve (225) is fixed on the lower surface of the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate, a lower sleeve of the limiting sleeve (225) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (223) of the steel spring, and the steel spring body (224) is arranged in a space formed by nesting the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.
2. The three-dimensional model soil box for testing vibration isolation barrier site vibration isolation effect according to claim 1, further comprising a viscoelastic fluid or damper disposed between the outer model box (10) and the inner shear box (20).
3. The three-dimensional model soil box for testing the vibration isolation barrier site vibration isolation effect according to claim 1, further comprising a teflon coating (226) coated on the inner surface of the spacing sleeve (225).
4. The three-dimensional model soil box for testing the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier field according to claim 1, wherein the rigidity of the steel spring body (224) of each layer of friction pendulum in series connection with the steel spring three-dimensional limiting support (22) is gradually increased along with the upward and downward movement of each layer of enclosure frame (21).
5. The three-dimensional model soil box for testing the vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier field according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (222) of the friction plate is a plane or a concave curved surface, and the periphery is formed with protrusions.
6. The three-dimensional model soil box for testing vibration isolation barrier site isolation effect according to claim 1, further comprising a flexible membrane (24) disposed on the inner surface of the inner shear box (20).
7. A system for testing the field vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier, which is characterized by comprising the three-dimensional model soil box according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. The system of claim 7, further comprising a vibration table (40) in contact with the three-dimensional model soil box for imparting vibrations to the soil in the three-dimensional model soil box.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the vibration table comprises a hammer head (42) rigidly connected to a vibration table top (41) and a load plate (43).
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the vibration table further comprises a soft or hard link (48) for maintaining contact of both the hammer head (42) and the load plate (43).
11. A method for testing the vibration isolation effect of a vibration isolation barrier field, which is characterized by comprising the step of applying vibration to soil in the soil box of the three-dimensional model for testing the vibration isolation barrier field according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by using a hammer head (42) rigidly connected with the table top of a vibration table (40) and a loading plate (43) in contact with the hammer head (42).
12. The method for testing the field vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation barrier according to claim 11, further comprising separating the soil in the three-dimensional model soil box by using the vertical vibration isolation barrier (50).
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