CN112923579A

CN112923579A - Lying type anti-freezing expansion heat-collecting device and roadbed thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112923579A
Application number: CN202110320406.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞祁浩; 郭磊; 牛富俊
Original assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Current assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Priority date: 2021-03-25
Filing date: 2021-03-25
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-25
Also published as: CN112923579B

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation device and a roadbed thereof, and relates to the technical field of engineering construction in seasonal frozen soil areas. The lying type anti-frost-heaving heat gathering device comprises a heat collection header, a solar heat absorption pipe and a heat gathering pipe, wherein a fluid medium is filled in the heat collection header, one end of the solar heat absorption pipe is inserted into the heat collection header and is immersed in the fluid medium, the solar heat absorption pipe is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat collection header, the heat gathering pipe comprises a heat absorption section and a heat release section which are communicated with each other, the heat absorption section is inserted into the heat collection header and is immersed in the fluid medium, the heat release section is used for being inserted into a roadbed, the heat absorption section is used for absorbing and collecting heat of the heat collection header and transferring the heat to the heat release section, and the heat release section is used for heating the roadbed. The device can make full use of solar energy resource, through the key regulation and control of road bed ground temperature field leveling heating, the easy frost heaving position of road bed, realizes that the road bed is balanced, level and smooth heating, effectively avoids the production of engineering diseases such as the frozen heaving of road bed in the frozen soil area in season, inhomogeneous fluctuation.

Description

Lying type anti-freezing expansion heat-collecting device and roadbed thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction of seasonal frozen soil areas, in particular to a lying type anti-freezing expansion heat gathering device and a roadbed thereof.

Background

The Qinghai-Tibet railway is located in northeast of Qinghai-Tibet plateau at West section of Qinghai-Tibet railway, railway lines pass through coastal plain, alluvial plain and ice plain terrace of North of Qinghai lake, the average altitude is 3220m, the average annual precipitation amount is 376mm, the precipitation distribution is uneven, most of the precipitation is concentrated in 7-9 months, the average annual temperature is-0.6 ℃, and the average temperature in the coldest month is-20.6 ℃. The Qinghai-Tibet railway West section has cold climate, strong freezing capacity of air temperature and larger freezing depth, the maximum freezing depth can reach 1.8m, and the Qinghai-Tibet railway West section belongs to a typical seasonal frozen soil area. Therefore, the engineering diseases such as roadbed frost heaving, thaw collapse and the like caused by freezing and thawing are relatively serious.

In recent years, due to the continuous increase of rainfall capacity of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the enrichment of underground water and the increase of underground water level are caused, and the further increase of freeze-thaw engineering diseases in the region is caused by the aggravation of climate environment change, so that the long-term stability of the roadbed is greatly influenced. Although the research is carried out on the roadbed diseases under the engineering action of the seasonal frozen soil area, the research is mainly carried out on the problems of the micro frozen swelling engineering action and influence of the roadbed and the like under the working condition of highway engineering or high-speed railways in northeast, northwest and other areas. But the research on the development characteristics and the distribution rule of the diseases of the freeze-thaw engineering under the special conditions of high water level, coarse filler, strong freeze-thaw and the like of the west grid section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway is lacked. The methods of coarse particle replacement, chemical grouting, waterproof curtain and the like used in the conventional areas are limited by engineering conditions that trains normally run and construction cannot be interrupted in the application of the areas, and are very difficult to crack a disposal part and integrally seal the lower part of a roadbed due to the strong freezing and thawing action of soil bodies, so that the methods are difficult to meet the actual engineering requirements. Because the previous research on the engineering measures for treating the engineering diseases is weak, the stability and the operation safety of the roadbed are influenced for a long time by engineering problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation device and a roadbed thereof, which can fully utilize solar energy resources, realize balanced and flat heating of the roadbed through flat heating of a roadbed ground temperature field and key regulation and control of parts of the roadbed which are easy to frost heaving, and effectively avoid engineering diseases such as frost heaving, uneven fluctuation and the like of the roadbed in a seasonal frozen soil area.

Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a lying type frost heaving prevention heat collecting device, which includes:

the heat collection header is filled with fluid medium;

one end of the solar heat absorption pipe is inserted into the heat collection header and is immersed in the fluid medium, and the solar heat absorption pipe is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat collection header;

the heat collecting pipe comprises a heat absorbing section and a heat releasing section which are communicated with each other, wherein the heat absorbing section is inserted into the heat collecting header and is immersed in the fluid medium, the heat releasing section is inserted into the roadbed and is used for absorbing and collecting heat of the heat collecting header and transferring the heat to the heat releasing section, and the heat releasing section is used for heating the roadbed.

Therefore, the lying type anti-freezing and anti-swelling heat gathering device enables the roadbed to be in net heat absorption all the time, and internal heat is accumulated continuously, so that the heat gathering inside the roadbed and the temperature of the roadbed are kept in a positive temperature state all the time, and the purposes of preventing roadbed freezing, roadbed frost heaving and engineering diseases are achieved.

In an optional embodiment, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the heat collection header at intervals, the partition plates divide the inner space of the heat collection header into a plurality of chambers, each chamber is filled with a fluid medium, the heat absorption sections are inserted into all the chambers, and at least one solar heat absorption pipe is inserted into each chamber.

Like this, in abominable outdoor environment, if the cavity of a certain thermal-arrest header appears damaged, lead to the fluid medium in this cavity to reveal, because the existence of baffle, can avoid the fluid medium in other cavities to reveal to avoid the thermal-arrest header to appear a breakage, just lead to all fluid medium to reveal, the damaged cavity of not appearing still can normally work.

In an alternative embodiment, one solar heat absorption tube is inserted on each side of each chamber.

Therefore, the heating efficiency of the heat collecting header can be improved, and the heat collecting header is convenient to assemble and good in stability.

In an alternative embodiment, a pressure reducing unit is disposed at the top of the heat collecting header, and the pressure reducing unit is used for controlling the pressure in the heat collecting header to be within a preset range.

Therefore, in summer, sunlight is strongly irradiated, the working medium in the heat collection header is continuously heated by the solar heat absorption tubes, part of the working medium is changed into a vapor state, the pressure in the heat collection header can be rapidly increased, and the pressure reduction unit can ensure that the heat collection header is not adversely affected by overpressure.

In an alternative embodiment, the ground-laying anti-frost heaving heat accumulation device further comprises:

and the toughened glass cover is arranged above the solar heat absorption pipe to protect the solar heat absorption pipe.

Therefore, the toughened glass cover can block flying sand and stones and avoid the damage of the solar heat absorption tube.

the solar radiation control panel is made of a sun-shading material and is arranged above the solar heat absorption tube to shield partial sunlight from irradiating the solar heat absorption tube.

Like this, under the sufficient condition of summer sun illumination, the solar radiation control panel can shelter from partial sunlight and shine the solar energy heat-absorbing pipe, avoids the interior high temperature of heat collection header, pressure too big, improves the stability and the life of device.

In an alternative embodiment, the angle at which the solar radiation control panel is raised upwardly relative to the horizontal is adjustable.

Therefore, the solar radiation control panel can flexibly adjust the angle of the solar radiation control panel according to the solar illumination intensity in each season, so that the solar radiation received by the solar heat absorption tube is moderate, the device is ensured to work at proper temperature and pressure, and the stability and the service life of the device are improved.

In an alternative embodiment, the solar radiation control panel is parallel to the area's winter sun rays.

Therefore, the solar radiation control panel can shield the least amount of sunlight in winter and shield the most amount of sunlight in summer, so that the solar radiation received by the solar heat absorption tubes all the year round is moderate, the stability of the device is improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a horizontally-laid frost-heaving-prevention heat-accumulation roadbed, which comprises a roadbed and the horizontally-laid frost-heaving-prevention heat-accumulation device of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the heat collection header is installed outside the roadbed, and the heat release section of the heat collection pipe is inserted into the roadbed.

Therefore, the heat accumulation and the temperature inside the roadbed are always kept in a positive temperature state, and the aims of preventing roadbed freezing, roadbed frost heaving and engineering diseases are fulfilled.

In an alternative embodiment, the ground-laying anti-frost heaving poly thermal roadbed further comprises:

the heat insulation material layer is arranged on the slope surface of the roadbed.

Like this, the insulating material layer can prevent the inside heat of road bed and scatter and disappear, effectively guarantees the inside thermal retention of road bed at day and night change in-process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground-lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation roadbed according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the floor-mounted frost heaving prevention heat collection apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the floor-mounted frost heaving prevention heat collection apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic right view of the floor-mounted frost heaving prevention heat collection apparatus;

FIG. 5 is an internal schematic view of a heat collection header;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pressure reduction unit of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic right side view of another floor-mounted frost heaving prevention heat collection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of another floor-mounted frost heaving prevention heat collection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the operating principle of the solar radiation control panel;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a simulated calculation result geothermal field 30 days after the heat collecting pipes are arranged on the roadbed.

Icon: 1-laying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation roadbed; 2-roadbed; 3-a heat insulating material layer; 4-anchor rod; 5-lying type anti-freezing expansion heat-gathering device; 6-heat collecting header; 7-a separator; 8-a chamber; 9-solar heat absorption tubes; 10-heat collecting pipe; 11-a heat absorption section; 12-a transition section; 13-a heat release section; 14-a toughened glass cover; 15-solar radiation control panel; 16-a fluid medium; 17-liquid injection hole; 18-a pressure reduction unit; 19-a housing; 20-a vapor-liquid conversion filter element; 21-a positive pressure valve; 22-a negative pressure valve; 23-Heat sink fins.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

The embodiment of the invention is provided aiming at the key scientific and technological problems in subgrade frost heaving, and the aims of controlling temperature and preventing and controlling subgrade frost heaving are achieved by the device provided by the embodiment of the invention starting from the subgrade temperature in three indispensable essential elements of water, soil and temperature generated by subgrade frost heaving.

However, how to use solar energy to heat the roadbed, especially the height of the heating unit or part of the space, has a significant influence on the working efficiency of the overall system and whether the engineering is practical or not. The embodiment of the invention not only designs prevention and control measures from the perspective of regulating and controlling the ground temperature of the roadbed, but also solves the key technical difficulty of the device in collecting solar energy from the perspective of the near-surface space position.

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a horizontally-laid frost-proof and bloating-proof heat-accumulating roadbed 1, wherein the horizontally-laid frost-proof and bloating-proof heat-accumulating roadbed 1 includes a roadbed 2, a horizontally-laid frost-proof and bloating-proof heat-accumulating device 5 and a heat-insulating material layer 3.

Wherein, the heat preservation material layer 3 is arranged on the slope surface of the roadbed 2, can cover the whole slope surface of the roadbed 2 and is fixed by the anchor rod 4. In other embodiments, it is also possible to compact and fix the insulating-material layer 3 by covering the outer surface of the insulating-material layer 3 with a thin layer of soil or other material. The heat-insulating material layer 3 can be made of building rock wool heat-insulating materials or an integrated heat-insulating plate. Specifically, the sunny slope surface and the cloudy slope surface of the roadbed 2 can be provided with the heat insulation material layer 3, so that the heat inside the roadbed 2 can be prevented from dissipating, and the retention of the heat inside the roadbed 2 can be effectively guaranteed in the day and night change process.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the horizontal anti-frost-heaving heat-collecting device 5 includes a heat-collecting header 6, a solar heat-absorbing pipe 9 and a heat-collecting pipe 10. The heat collecting header 6 is filled with a fluid medium 16 (see fig. 5), and the heat collecting header 6 may be disposed on the sunny slope side of the roadbed, near the natural ground surface area of the toe, or on the cloudy slope layer of the roadbed, or in the natural ground surface area which can be irradiated by the sun in winter.

The solar heat absorption pipes 9 have a certain length and are arranged at both sides of the heat collection header 6 at a certain distance. One end of the solar heat absorption pipe 9 is inserted into the heat collection header 6 and is immersed in the fluid medium 16, and the length direction of the solar heat absorption pipe 9 is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat collection header 6. Referring to fig. 4, the angle a formed by the solar heat absorbing pipe 9 and the horizontal plane is as follows: the angle of 0-30 degrees is higher than that of the other end of the solar heat absorption tube 9 close to the heat collection header 6, and the lower end of the solar heat absorption tube 9 can be directly supported on the ground. The solar heat absorption pipe 9 is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat collection header 6.

The heat collecting pipe 10 is a type of a special-shaped heat pipe, and mainly plays a role in heating and heat collecting a roadbed. The inner wall of the heat collecting pipe 10 is provided with a liquid absorbing core, and working media are filled in the liquid absorbing core. The heat collecting pipe 10 comprises a heat absorbing section 11, a transition section 12 and a heat releasing section 13 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the heat absorbing section 11 is inserted into the heat collecting header 6 and is immersed in a fluid medium 16, and the heat absorbing section 11 and the heat collecting header 6 form a closed space. The heat release section 13 is inserted into the roadbed from the slope toe to the half slope of the roadbed basically horizontally, the heat absorption section 11 is used for absorbing and collecting heat of the heat header 6 and transferring the heat to the heat release section 13, and the heat release section 13 is used for heating the roadbed.

The heat collecting pipe 10 provided in this embodiment adopts a zigzag structure, and specifically, the angle range of the downward inclination angle of the length direction of the heat absorbing section 11 relative to the horizontal plane is as follows: the angle of 0 ° to 30 °, specifically 10 °, that is, as shown in fig. 1, the angle range of the downward inclination angle of the heat absorbing section 11 along the x direction and along the y direction is: 0 to 30 degrees. The length direction of the transition section 12 is parallel to the slope of the roadbed. The angle range of the upper elevation angle of the length direction of the heat release section 13 with respect to the horizontal plane is: specifically, the angle range of 0 ° to 30 °, which may be 10 °, that is, as shown in fig. 1, the heat release section 13 extends in the x direction and the angle range of the upper elevation angle in the y direction is: 0 to 30 degrees. Thus, the heat release section 13 is inserted in the nearly horizontal direction, and is in a nearly horizontal state in the roadbed, and the rapid development of a ground temperature contour line in the horizontal state in the roadbed temperature rise process can be ensured by arranging the heat collecting pipes 10 at certain intervals in parallel, so that the interaction process of the mutual coupling of water heat in the roadbed is effectively improved, and the stability of the roadbed is further improved.

A plurality of clapboards 7 are arranged in the heat collection header 6 at intervals, the clapboards 7 divide the inner space of the heat collection header 6 into a plurality of chambers 8, and the two adjacent chambers 8 can be isolated or communicated with each other at the tops. Each chamber 8 is filled with a fluid medium 16, the heat absorption sections 11 are inserted into all the chambers 8, and two sides of each chamber 8 are respectively inserted with one solar heat absorption pipe 9. Therefore, in a severe outdoor environment, if the cavity 8 of one heat collection header 6 is damaged, the fluid medium 16 in the cavity 8 leaks, and the fluid medium 16 in other cavities 8 can be prevented from leaking due to the existence of the partition plate 7, so that the heat collection header 6 is prevented from being damaged at one position, all the fluid medium 16 can be prevented from leaking, and the cavity 8 which is not damaged can still normally work.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the top of the heat collecting header 6 is further provided with a liquid injection hole 17 and a pressure reducing unit 18, and the pressure reducing unit 18 is used for controlling the pressure in the heat collecting header 6 to be within a preset range. Specifically, the decompression unit 18 includes a housing 19, a vapor-liquid conversion filter element 20, a positive pressure valve 21, a negative pressure valve 22 and a heat radiation fin 23, wherein the housing 19 and the heat radiation fin 23 are made of metal, a lower end opening of the housing 19 is communicated with the inside of the heat collection header 6, the upper end opening of the housing 19 is provided with the positive pressure valve 21 and the negative pressure valve 22, the vapor-liquid conversion filter element 20 is arranged inside the housing 19, and the heat radiation fin 23 is arranged on the outer wall of the housing 19. Thus, in summer and daytime, part of the liquid circulating working medium in the heat collection header 6 is changed into a vapor state, and can flow through the vapor-liquid conversion filter element 20, and in the flowing process, the vapor working medium is continuously cooled and converted into the liquid working medium and flows back to the heat collection header 6, or the pressure in the heat collection header 6 exceeds a threshold value, the vapor working medium is directly discharged by the positive pressure valve 21, and the pressure reduction effect is realized on the heat collection header 6; at night, a large amount of vaporous working media in the heat collection header 6 are condensed and liquefied, the internal pressure of the heat collection header 6 is obviously reduced, and when the negative pressure in the heat collection header 6 is too high, external air can enter the heat collection header 6 through the negative pressure valve 22, so that the pressure of the heat collection header 6 is improved. This ensures that the collector header 6 is not adversely affected by the overpressure.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a tempered glass cover 14 may be installed above the solar heat absorbing pipe 9 to replace the solar radiation control panel 15, the tempered glass cover 14 may block flying sand and stones, so as to prevent the solar heat absorbing pipe 9 from being damaged, and sunlight may penetrate through the tempered glass cover 14 to reach the solar heat absorbing pipe 9 without reducing the heat absorbing efficiency of the solar heat absorbing pipe 9.

The working principle of the lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment is as follows:

(1) under the condition of sufficient sunshine in the daytime, the solar heat absorption tubes 9 heat working media in the solar heat absorption tubes by using solar energy, and then heat fluid working media in the heat collection header 6 in a natural convection heat exchange mode; (2) the heat absorption section 11 of the heat collecting pipe 10 is heated by the fluid working medium in the heat collecting header 6, and along with the rise of the temperature of the heat absorption section 11 and the occurrence of the temperature difference between the heat absorption section 11 and the heat release section 13, the heat collecting pipe 10 starts to work: the liquid working medium in the heat absorption section 11 is continuously converted into a vapor working medium, absorbs heat through phase change, and is transported to the heat release section 13 under the pushing of air pressure; in the heat release section 13, the vapor working medium is condensed and converted into a liquid working medium, and heat is released through phase change; meanwhile, the liquid working medium continuously flows back to the heat return section 11 under the push of gravity and capillary force of the liquid absorption core; (3) the heat insulation material layer 3 covering the slope of the roadbed effectively prevents a great amount of heat loss in the roadbed at night or in a cloudy low-temperature environment without solar radiation. Therefore, in the day and night circulation and heat transfer processes, the roadbed is always in the processes of net heat absorption and continuous accumulation of internal heat, so that the states of heat accumulation inside the roadbed and constant positive temperature of the temperature are achieved, and the engineering diseases such as roadbed freezing, roadbed frost heaving and the like are prevented and treated.

Referring to fig. 7 to 9, arrows in fig. 9 indicate the irradiation direction of sunlight or sunlight. According to the other floor lying type anti-frost-heaving heat collecting device 5 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the solar radiation control panel 15 can be arranged above the solar heat absorbing pipe 9, and the toughened glass cover 14 can be replaced by the solar radiation control panel 15.

Specifically, the solar radiation control panel 15 is made of a metallic or non-metallic sun-shading material to block a part of sunlight from irradiating the solar heat absorbing pipe 9. The solar radiation control panel 15 is mainly characterized by being thin, the thickness can be 1 mm-3 mm, and the solar radiation control panel 15 has certain strength, and the width of the solar radiation control panel 15 can be 90% -120% of the diameter of the solar heat absorption tube 9. Like this, under the sufficient condition of sun illumination in summer, solar radiation control panel 15 can shelter from partial sunlight and shine solar energy heat-absorbing pipe 9, avoids the too high temperature of thermal-arrest header 6 interior, pressure too big, improves the stability and the life of device.

To simplify the structure and improve the structural stability, the solar radiation control panel 15 may be designed in a fixed form. For example, the solar radiation control panel 15 is designed to be parallel to the solar rays of the area in winter, or the solar radiation control panel 15 is parallel to the irradiation direction of the sun when the sun is most intense in winter. Therefore, the solar radiation control panel 15 can shield the sunlight in the least amount in winter, and can shield the sunlight in summer, so that the winter system can be automatically ensured to work, the warm-season system can be completely stopped, and the stability and the service life of the device can be improved.

The working principle of the solar radiation control panel 15 is as follows: aiming at the fact that solar radiation is too strong in summer, the solar heat absorption tube 9 can be used for overheating internal circulating working media, the working media exceed the boiling point and a large amount of steam working media are generated, the internal overpressure phenomenon exists, the stability of the whole system is seriously threatened, and the solar radiation control panel is arranged in the solar heat absorption tube, so that the phenomenon is effectively prevented and controlled. The solar radiation control panel 15 is located on the upper portion of the solar heat absorption tube 9, and the direction of the solar radiation control panel 15 is mainly parallel to the winter sunlight, or the included angle between the solar radiation control panel 15 and the horizontal plane is equal to the winter solar altitude, so that the solar radiation control panel 15 does not have too much influence on the winter solar radiation and the solar heat absorption tube 9. In warm seasons, the solar radiation control panel 15 has a good shielding effect on solar radiation due to the great increase of the elevation angle of the sun. Therefore, the sunlight passes through the solar radiation control panel 15 at the maximum degree in winter through the arrangement of the elevation angle and the mutual distance, the sunlight is completely shielded in warm seasons, the winter work of the whole system is controlled, the warm seasons have a complete rest function, and the system plays a good protection role. Therefore, the working principle of the solar radiation control panel 15 mainly lies in that the solar radiation in winter and warm season has obvious angle difference, and the solar radiation is well controlled.

Taking a typical seasonal frozen soil area of a Qinghai lake as an example, the solar altitude at the noon moment in winter is about 30 degrees, the solar altitude at the noon moment in summer is about 70 degrees, and the difference is 40 degrees. When the included angle between the solar radiation control panel 15 and the horizontal plane is set to be 30 degrees, the solar rays are parallel to the solar radiation control panel 15 in winter, and therefore, the solar rays can directly irradiate on the solar heat absorption tubes 9 through the gaps between the solar radiation control panels 15. In summer the solar altitude increases and the solar rays are completely blocked by the solar radiation control panel 15. Therefore, the roadbed is heated by utilizing solar radiation in winter, and the purpose of preventing the medium in the device from boiling in summer heating is achieved.

Meanwhile, the solar radiation control panel 15 has certain strength, so that the solar heat absorption tube 9 can be well protected against damage of flying stones or human factors caused by factors such as outdoor sand walking stones and vehicle running.

Compared with the prior art, the ground lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment at least have the following advantages:

1. compared with the existing grouting engineering technology, the lying type frost heaving prevention heat accumulation device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have the advantages that firstly, the heat accumulation pipes extend from the lower part of the roadbed to the inner part of the roadbed in a roughly horizontal direction and mainly cover most of the area at the bottom of the roadbed, compared with the existing grouting engineering that holes are vertically drilled downwards, the number of the drilled holes and the depth of the drilled holes can be reduced, secondly, the existing grouting engineering can change the engineering structure of the roadbed, the geothermal regulation and control for changing the thermal property of the roadbed is mainly performed in the embodiment, the heat accumulation pipe mainly acts on the area which generates volume expansion after water in the roadbed is enriched and frozen, and the original engineering structure of the roadbed is not; finally, the existing grouting engineering does not adopt a heat insulation material layer, the heat insulation material layer in the embodiment can prevent the heat inside the roadbed from dissipating, and the retention of the heat inside the roadbed is effectively ensured in the day and night change process;

2. compared with the prior electric heating engineering technology, the prior electric heating engineering heats the roadbed by an electric heating measure inside the roadbed, needs external power supply, requires special power line construction and layout, not only consumes a large amount of power resources every year, but also has high failure operation and maintenance cost under the field use condition of an internal electronic electric heating system, the lying type anti-freezing expansion heat-collecting device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have no external power energy and autonomous circulation, and the aim of heating the roadbed is fulfilled by fully utilizing the local abundant solar energy resources, so that the energy is saved, and the land-based electric heating system is green and environment-friendly;

in summary, the ground-lying type anti-frost-heaving heat accumulation device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have remarkable progress compared with the prior engineering technology, realize the control of freeze-thaw key elements in the roadbed diseases of the seasonal frozen soil area, play a role of making the best effort, realize the horizontal balanced and symmetrical distribution of the roadbed ground temperature contour line, eliminate the difference influence of roadbed thermal coupling, and further enhance the stability of a roadbed mechanical field. The method effectively avoids the generation of engineering diseases such as uneven frost heaving, longitudinal cracking and the like of the roadbed, particularly the broad roadbed, and ensures the long-term stability of the roadbed, so the embodiment of the invention has outstanding scientificity and advancement.

In the aspect of construction, the difficult problem of current engineering construction has been solved to this embodiment. In the embodiment, the construction part is arranged on one side or two sides of the roadbed, the construction mode is horizontal punching, point-type construction is carried out on the roadbed, the drilling speed of roadbed filling is high, the opening diameter of the hole is small, and the stability of the roadbed is not influenced; in addition, in the implementation process, the holes and the jacks are only formed, the measures such as grouting, replacement and filling in the prior art are not adopted, the large-range disturbance and the change of mechanical properties to the roadbed can be avoided, the stability of the original roadbed is further ensured, the normal running of the train is not influenced in the construction process, and the requirement of engineering construction under the running condition of the train is met.

The heat collection header can be directly installed on the ground, so that the stability of the whole device in severe windy environments in the west of China is improved, the reduction of the gravity center of the heating unit is beneficial to the formation and the increase of the whole thermal cycle thrust of the device, and the smooth and efficient work of the whole cycle and the heat exchange process is ensured.

And through setting up the solar radiation control panel, under the sufficient condition of sun illumination in summer, the solar radiation control panel can shelter from partial sunlight and shine the solar energy heat-absorbing pipe, avoids the interior high temperature of heat collection header, pressure too big, improves the stability and the life of device.

In order to verify the regulation and control efficiency of the lying type anti-freezing and anti-swelling heat accumulation device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, numerical simulation calculation under the action of engineering measures is carried out by combining geological conditions of engineering sites from Xining to Guermu test of Tibet railway.

Example (c): on the slope surface at one side of the shadow slope of the Qinghai-Tibet railway roadbed with the height of 2.0m and the top surface width of 7.5m, heat collecting pipes are horizontally inserted into the roadbed at the height position of 0.5m, the length of a heat release section 13 is 8m, and the distance between the heat collecting pipes along the moving direction of the roadbed is 2 m. In the heating system setup, the heating power is referred to the existing 1m²The heating power of the heat collecting cover in the region is 900W, the working time is from 10 o 'clock in the daytime to 4 o' clock in the afternoon, and the effective power is reduced and calculated according to 50%. To further verify the effectiveness of this measure under adverse conditions, the subgrade slope was not provided with a layer of insulation in the simulation calculations。

Under the working condition, the heat collecting pipe is arranged at 12 months and 15 days, and the simulated calculation result of the heat collecting pipe is shown in figure 10 after the heat collecting pipe is arranged at 1 month and 15 days in winter in the current year. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the roadbed ground temperature at 8:30 morning and under the condition of lowest external environment temperature after the roadbed goes through a night heat dissipation process on day 30. It can be seen that, (a) in the aspect of the ground temperature value characteristics, the ground temperature of most areas in the roadbed is in a normal temperature state, the ground temperature of a bearing layer at the lower part of the roadbed and the part with higher moisture are in a relatively high temperature area, and the highest temperature can reach 18 ℃; (b) in the aspect of the morphological characteristics of the ground temperature field, the ground temperature contour lines are horizontal and parallel to each other, especially the isothermal lines at 0 ℃ are distributed smoothly, namely the freezing area and the normal temperature area are parallel to each other, wherein the freezing area is only a small amount on the upper part of the roadbed and is distributed uniformly and symmetrically in a thin layer line mode, the frozen soil engineering problem can be effectively solved, and the morphological characteristics are as follows:

(1) the temperature state of the temperature field of the original roadbed central area is improved, the regulation and control requirements of the temperature field of the roadbed of the railway in the frozen soil area in seasons are met, and it can be seen from the graph 10 that after the implementation of the embodiment mode, the earth temperatures of the roadbed central area and the main bearing stratum are in the normal temperature state, and normal temperature and high temperature soil nuclei are formed in the center of the roadbed;

(2) the distribution of the 0 ℃ earth temperature contour line and other isothermal lines of the temperature field is completely horizontal and flat, and the freezing areas are distributed on the top of the roadbed and close to the slope protection in a thin layer line mode, so that the stability of the roadbed is greatly improved, as can be seen from figure 10, the distribution of the roadbed temperature field is flat, especially the distribution of the 0 ℃ isothermal lines is flat, the temperature field is integrally distributed in a convex mode in the roadbed, and the moisture in the roadbed is favorably discharged in the stage of frequent alternate actions of atmospheric precipitation and freeze thawing in early spring, so that the frost heaving amount of the roadbed is obviously reduced;

(3) the influence of yin-yang slope effect is eliminated, the engineering diseases of longitudinal subgrade cracking are basically eliminated, as can be seen from fig. 10, the subgrade temperature fields below the road surface are basically distributed symmetrically around the subgrade center, the temperature field isotherms in the subgrade are distributed smoothly, and the freezing zone is only distributed on the subgrade top surface and a thinner strip-shaped area under the slope protection, so that a small amount of transverse differential frost heaving generated by part of frozen parts is further weakened, and the possibility of longitudinal subgrade cracking is further eliminated.

The present example is only a representative analysis for the present invention, and the conclusion of the present example is that the trend (the difference in specific numerical value) basically represents the effect achieved by the present invention.

In addition, simulation calculation shows that the structure provided by the embodiment is used for railway construction in the frozen soil region in seasons, the frozen soil roadbed stores heat energy all the time during operation, and the freezing area in the roadbed is reduced along with the operation time, so that the structure can meet the requirement of roadbed mechanical stability and can maintain the roadbed stable for a long time.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ground formula of lying prevents frostbite and expands and gathers heat facility which characterized in that, ground formula of lying prevents frostbite and expands and gathers heat facility and includes:

the heat collecting header (6), the heat collecting header (6) is filled with a fluid medium (16);

a solar heat absorption pipe (9), one end of the solar heat absorption pipe (9) is inserted into the heat collection header (6) and is immersed in the fluid medium (16), and the solar heat absorption pipe (9) is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat collection header (6);

gather heat pipe (10), gather heat pipe (10) including heat absorption section (11) and the section of giving out heat (13) that communicate each other, wherein, heat absorption section (11) insert thermal-arrest header (6) and immerse in fluid medium (16), the section of giving out heat (13) are arranged in inserting road bed (2), heat absorption section (11) are used for absorbing the heat of thermal-arrest header (6) and transmit to the section of giving out heat (13), the section of giving out heat (13) are used for heating road bed (2).

2. The device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of partitions (7) are arranged at intervals in the heat collecting header (6), the partitions (7) divide the internal space of the heat collecting header (6) into a plurality of chambers (8), each chamber (8) is filled with the fluid medium (16), the heat absorbing sections (11) are inserted into all the chambers (8), and at least one solar heat absorbing pipe (9) is inserted into each chamber (8).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that one solar absorber tube (9) is inserted on each side of each chamber (8).

4. The device for preventing frost heaving and heat accumulation in a floor lying type according to claim 1, wherein a pressure reducing unit (18) is disposed on the top of the heat collecting header (6), and the pressure reducing unit (18) is used for controlling the pressure in the heat collecting header (6) to be within a preset range.

5. The floor-laying frost heave prevention heat collection device according to claim 1, further comprising:

and the toughened glass cover (14) is arranged above the solar heat absorption pipe (9) so as to protect the solar heat absorption pipe (9).

6. The floor-laying frost heave prevention heat collection device according to claim 1, further comprising:

the solar radiation control panel (15) is made of a sun-shading material, and the solar radiation control panel (15) is arranged above the solar heat absorption tube (9) to shield partial sunlight from irradiating the solar heat absorption tube (9).

7. The floor-laying frost-proof bloating-proof heat-collecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the solar radiation control panel (15) is parallel to the solar rays in the area in winter.

8. A lying type frost heaving prevention and heat accumulation roadbed, which is characterized by comprising a roadbed (2) and the lying type frost heaving prevention and heat accumulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat collection header (6) is installed outside the roadbed (2), and the heat release section (13) of the heat accumulation pipe (10) is inserted into the roadbed (2).

9. The ground-lying frost heaving prevention heat accumulation roadbed of claim 8, wherein the ground-lying frost heaving prevention heat accumulation roadbed further comprises:

the heat insulation material layer (3), the heat insulation material layer (3) sets up the domatic face of road bed (2).