CN112923017B - Multistage speed reduction extruder and 3D printing apparatus - Google Patents

Multistage speed reduction extruder and 3D printing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112923017B
CN112923017B CN202110126099.XA CN202110126099A CN112923017B CN 112923017 B CN112923017 B CN 112923017B CN 202110126099 A CN202110126099 A CN 202110126099A CN 112923017 B CN112923017 B CN 112923017B
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China
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gear
extrusion
base
printing
extruder
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CN112923017A (en
Inventor
刘辉林
唐京科
陈春
敖丹军
吴大江
王角
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Shenzhen Chuangxiang 3D Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Chuangxiang 3D Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110126099.XA priority Critical patent/CN112923017B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/076014 priority patent/WO2022160380A1/en
Publication of CN112923017A publication Critical patent/CN112923017A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/22—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage speed-reducing extruder and 3D printing equipment, and relates to the technical field of 3D printing. The multi-stage speed reduction extruder comprises a base, a driving motor, a speed reduction mechanism and an extrusion mechanism; the speed reducing mechanism comprises a duplicate gear and an extrusion gear, the duplicate gear is in linkage connection with a motor gear of the driving motor to perform first speed reduction, the extrusion gear comprises a driving extrusion gear and a driven extrusion gear in linkage connection with the driving extrusion gear, and the driving extrusion gear is in linkage connection with the duplicate gear to perform second speed reduction; the extrusion mechanism comprises extrusion rollers which are coaxial with the extrusion gears, and a feeding channel for conveying printing materials is formed between the extrusion rollers; when the driving motor works, the driving motor drives the speed reducing mechanism and the extruding mechanism to rotate so as to convey printing materials. The embodiment of the invention improves the stability of conveying the printing material and is convenient for near-end or ultra-near-end printing.

Description

Multistage speed reduction extruder and 3D printing apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a multistage speed-reducing extruder and 3D printing equipment.
Background
With the push of the intelligentization of computer digital technology, the application field of 3D printing technology is becoming wider, and among them, the technology of performing 3D printing by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is becoming more and more popular with DIY enthusiasts. In the 3D printing technology, the extruder is used for conveying printing materials for the printing nozzle, and the stability of the conveying of the extruder for the printing materials plays a vital role in the printing quality. The traditional extruder has low extrusion force, has higher requirement on the extrusion force in some occasions needing high-speed printing, brings risks of material planing and material breaking if the extrusion force is increased by increasing the pre-pressure of the spring, and increases the uncertainty of the printing process. In addition, in the 3D printing process, near-end and ultra-near-end printing is commonly used, so the requirement for miniaturization of the 3D printing device is increasing, however, the traditional extruder has large volume and heavy weight, so that the 3D printing device is overloaded and is not suitable for near-end and ultra-near-end printing.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a multi-stage deceleration extruder and a 3D printing apparatus to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-stage speed-reducing extruder and 3D printing equipment, and aims to solve the problems that the stability of conveying printing materials is reduced when the extrusion force is increased in the existing extruder, and the extruder is not suitable for near-end and ultra-near-end printing.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a multistage deceleration extruder, which is applied to a D printing apparatus, and comprises: a base; the driving motor is arranged on one side of the base, and a rotating shaft of the driving motor penetrates through the base and is provided with a motor gear; the speed reducing mechanism comprises a duplicate gear and an extrusion gear, the duplicate gear is in linkage connection with the motor gear to perform first speed reduction, the extrusion gear comprises a driving extrusion gear and a driven extrusion gear in linkage connection with the driving extrusion gear, and the driving extrusion gear is in linkage connection with the duplicate gear to perform second speed reduction; the extruding mechanism comprises extruding rollers which are coaxial with the extruding gears, and a feeding channel for conveying printing materials is formed between the extruding rollers; when the multi-stage speed reduction extruder works, the driving motor drives the speed reduction mechanism and the extruding mechanism to rotate so as to convey the printing material. Based on the design of this structure, extrude the printing material through extruding the gyro wheel, realize improving and extrude power to improve the stability of carrying the printing material, reduce multistage speed reduction extruder's volume and quality simultaneously, realize near-end or super near-end and print.
In a further aspect, the driving extrusion gear and the driven extrusion gear have the same module and gear number, and the extrusion rollers have the same diameter. Based on the design of this structure, promote the compactedness of structure, further reduce the volume of multistage speed reduction extruder.
In a further scheme, the multistage deceleration extruder is further provided with a switching assembly, the driven extrusion gear is mounted on the switching assembly, and the switching assembly is used for driving the driven extrusion gear to move relative to the driving extrusion gear so as to switch between a feeding position and a feeding position. Based on the design of this structure, be convenient for carry out the feeding operation, promote user experience.
In a further aspect, the switching component includes: the middle part of the connecting rod is rotatably connected in the base, and the driven extrusion gear is arranged at the first end part of the connecting rod; the operating handle is provided with a pushing part, the pushing part extends into the base and is rotatably connected with the base, and the pushing part is also abutted against the second end part of the connecting rod; one end of the elastic piece is mounted at the second end part of the connecting rod, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the inner side of the side wall of the base; when the operating handle rotates relative to the base, the pushing portion of the operating handle pushes the connecting rod to rotate relative to the base so as to switch the driven extrusion gear between the feeding position and the feeding position. Based on the design of this structure, promote the connecting rod through promotion portion and use first bolt as the fulcrum rotation, simple structure, simultaneously through the cooperation with the elastic component, the user operation of being convenient for promotes user experience.
In a further scheme, the pushing part of the operating handle is of an eccentric cam structure; the connecting rod is provided with a groove structure matched with the eccentric cam structure, the eccentric cam structure is rotatably connected to the base and is abutted against the side wall of the groove structure, and the salient point far away from the axis of the eccentric cam structure can be switched between a first position and a second position when the eccentric cam structure rotates; when the salient point moves from the first position to the second position, the salient point moves towards the direction far away from the driven extrusion gear and abuts against the groove structure, the connecting rod is pushed to rotate relative to the base, and therefore the driven extrusion gear is switched from the feeding position to the feeding position. Based on the design of this structure, promote the compactness of structure.
In a further aspect, the resilient member is a compression spring; an adjusting bolt is arranged in the base, one end of the adjusting bolt is clamped on the side wall of the base and is positioned on the outer side of the base, and the other end of the adjusting bolt is abutted to the inner side of the side wall of the base through a nut; the connecting rod is provided with a spring pressing plate, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the spring pressing plate and the compression spring and enables the compression spring to be installed between the spring pressing plate and the nut. The elastic force is provided by the compression spring, the installation mode is simple, the cost can be reduced, the length of the compression spring is adjusted based on the matching of the adjusting bolt, the spring pressing sheet and the compression spring, and the structure is simple.
In a further scheme, the multistage speed reduction extruder is further provided with a roller cleaning brush, and the roller cleaning brush is arranged on one side of the extrusion roller to clean the contact surface of the extrusion roller and the printing material. Based on the design of this structure, can prevent to appear because of the piece remains the extrusion force that causes and descend to and the piece gets into to print the shower nozzle and causes end cap scheduling problem, promote the printing quality, improve equipment's security.
In a further scheme, a cover body is arranged on one side, away from the driving motor, of the base, the cover body is covered with the base, and the roller cleaning brush is installed on the cover body. Based on the design of this structure, promote the steadiness of duplicate gear installation, promote the compactness of structure.
In a further scheme, an observation window is arranged on the cover body to observe the conveying condition of the printing materials. The internal structure of the multistage speed-reducing extruder is protected through the observation window, and meanwhile, visual operation is increased, and user experience is improved.
The invention also provides D printing equipment which comprises a printing spray head and the multi-stage speed reduction extruder, wherein the multi-stage speed reduction extruder is used for extruding printing materials and conveying the printing materials to the printing spray head for D printing. Based on the design of this structure, promote the printing quality of equipment, realize near-end or super near-end printing.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage speed reduction extruder provided by the invention has the advantages that the first speed reduction is carried out through the duplicate gear which is in linkage connection with the motor gear, the second speed reduction is carried out through the linkage connection with one extrusion gear and the duplicate gear, the rotation of the extrusion rollers which are coaxially arranged with the extrusion gears is driven through the linkage connection of the extrusion gears, and printing materials pass through the extrusion rollers. Carry out the two-stage speed reduction through the rotational speed to the motor, through extrude the gyro wheel and extrude the printing material, realize improving and extrude power, improve the stability of carrying the printing material, reduce multistage speed reduction extruder's volume and quality simultaneously, can also improve the printing precision and the printing speed of 3D printer through the quality that reduces the extruder, realize near-end or super near-end and print.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-stage deceleration extruder of the present invention showing a structure in which a printing material is installed in the multi-stage deceleration extruder;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the multi-stage retarded extruder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the multi-stage retarded extruder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the drive motor, the reduction mechanism, and the extrusion mechanism of the multi-stage reduction extruder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the drive motor, reduction mechanism and extrusion mechanism of the multi-stage deceleration extruder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the multi-stage screw-down extruder of FIG. 1, showing the structure with the cover and viewing window removed;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first bearing, a second bearing, and a third bearing in the multi-stage deceleration extruder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the multi-stage deceleration extruder shown in FIG. 1, illustrating a configuration in which a printing material is installed in the multi-stage deceleration extruder;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the switch assembly in the multi-speed extruder shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the driven extrusion gear in a feed position;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of the switch assembly in the multi-stage speed reducing extruder of FIG. 1, showing the driven extrusion gear in the feed position;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the switch assembly in the multi-speed extruder shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the driven extrusion gear in a feed position;
FIG. 12 is a rear elevational view of the switch assembly in the multi-speed extruder of FIG. 1, showing the driven extrusion gear in the feed position;
fig. 13 is another perspective view of the multi-stage retarded extruder of fig. 1, showing the structure with the viewing window removed.
The reference symbols in the figures are as follows:
1-printing the material; 2-a multi-stage speed reduction extruder; 3-a base; 4-driving the motor;
5-a speed reducing mechanism; 6-an extrusion mechanism; 7-a switching component; 8-roller cleaning brush; 9-a cover body;
11-a quick release structure; 31-a feed connection bar; 32-a channel; 33-a feeding guide pipe; 41-motor gear;
51-duplicate gear; 511-a first bearing; 512-a first gear; 513-a second gear; 514-projecting shaft;
52-extrusion gear; 521-active extrusion gear; 522-driven extrusion gear; 523-second bearing;
524-second bolt; 525-a third bearing; 526-third bolt; 61-extrusion rollers;
71-a connecting rod; 711-groove structure; 712-spring compression piece; 72-operating handle;
721-eccentric cam configuration; 73-a first bolt; 74-a through-hole; 75-a pin shaft; 76-a resilient member;
77-adjusting bolts; 771-nut; 81-fourth bolt; 82-a fourth bearing;
91-mounting bolts; 92-mounting holes; 93-observation window.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The directional terms used in the present invention, such as "up" and "down", are used with reference to the orientation of the appended drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention. Further, in the drawings, structures that are similar or identical are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The invention also provides 3D printing equipment (not shown in the figure), which comprises a printing spray head (not shown in the figure) and a multi-stage speed reduction extruder 2, wherein the printing material 1 is input from the feeding end of the multi-stage speed reduction extruder 2, the printing spray head is arranged at the discharging end of the multi-stage speed reduction extruder 2 through a quick-release structure 11, and the printing material 1 is extruded from the multi-stage speed reduction extruder 2 and input into the printing spray head for 3D printing.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 1 to 3, which show the schematic structural diagram of the multistage decelerating extruder 2 according to the present invention. A multistage retarded extruder 2, as shown in figure 2, comprising: the extrusion device comprises a base 3, a driving motor 4, a speed reducing mechanism 5 and an extrusion mechanism 6, wherein the base is provided with a base seat; the driving motor 4 is arranged on one side of the base 3, and a rotating shaft of the driving motor 4 penetrates through the base 3 and is provided with a motor gear 41; as shown in fig. 2 and 4 to 7, the speed reducing mechanism 5 includes a dual gear 51 and an extrusion gear 52, the dual gear 51 is linked with the motor gear 41 to perform a first speed reduction, the extrusion gear 52 includes a driving extrusion gear 521 and a driven extrusion gear 522 linked with the driving extrusion gear 521, and the driving extrusion gear 521 is linked with the dual gear 51 to perform a second speed reduction; the extruding mechanism 6 comprises extruding rollers 61 which are coaxial with the extruding gear 52, and a feeding channel for conveying the printing material 1 in the 3D printing equipment is formed between the extruding rollers 61; when the multi-stage speed reduction extruder 2 works, the driving motor 4 drives the speed reduction mechanism 5 and the extruding mechanism 6 to rotate so as to convey the printing material 1.
Compared with the prior art, the multistage speed-reducing extruder provided by the invention performs first speed reduction through the duplicate gear 51 in linkage connection with the motor gear 41, performs second speed reduction through linkage connection with one extrusion gear 52 and the duplicate gear 51, drives the extrusion rollers 61 coaxially arranged with the extrusion gears 52 to rotate through linkage connection of the extrusion gears 52, and the feeding channel between the extrusion rollers 61 is used for conveying the printing material 1. Carry out the two-stage speed reduction through the rotational speed to the motor, extrude through extruding gyro wheel 61 and print material 1, realize improving and extrude power to improve the stability of carrying print material 1, reduce multistage speed reduction extruder 2's volume and quality simultaneously, can also improve the printing precision and the printing speed of 3D printer through the quality that reduces the extruder, realize near-end or super near-end and print.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the dual gear 51 is installed in the base 3 through the first bearing 511, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the dual gear 51 is an integrated gear structure formed by two gears with the same module and different gear numbers coaxially, wherein the gear with larger number of gears in the dual gear 51 is the first gear 512, and the gear with smaller number of gears is the second gear 513, the number of the first gear 512 is greater than that of the motor gear 41, the motor gear 41 is meshed with the first gear 512 of the dual gear 51 to realize linkage connection, and the first gear 512 and the motor gear 41 have a first transmission ratio i 1 And (3) the first speed reduction of the motor speed is realized if the speed is less than 1. The driving extrusion gear 521 is meshed with the second gear 513 to realize linkage connection, the number of the gears of the driving extrusion gear 521 is greater than that of the second gear 513, and the second transmission ratio i of the driving extrusion gear 521 to the second gear 513 is larger than that of the second gear 513 2 And (5) the second speed reduction of the motor speed is realized if the speed is less than 1. In the present embodiment, the driving extrusion gear 521 and the driven extrusion gear 522 have the same module and gear number, the driven extrusion gear 522 is engaged with the driving extrusion gear 521 to realize linkage connection, and the driven extrusion gear 522 is driven by the driving extrusion gear 521 to rotate in the opposite direction with the same rotation speed as the driving extrusion gear 521. The diameters of the extrusion rollers 61 respectively coaxially connected with the driving extrusion gear 521 and the driven extrusion gear 522 are the same, in this embodiment, there are two extrusion rollers 61, the extrusion rollers 61 are all provided with anti-slip stripes, the driving extrusion gear 521 and the extrusion rollers 61 mounted thereon are of an integrated structure, and the driven extrusion gear 522 and the extrusion rollers 61 mounted thereon are of an integrated structure. When the driven extrusion gear 522 and the driving extrusion gear 521 rotate, the extrusion rollers 61 are driven to rotate in opposite directions at the same rotating speed, so that an extrusion force is provided for the printing material 1 extruded between the extrusion rollers 61, and the anti-slip stripes arranged on the extrusion rollers 61 are in contact with the printing material 1 to drive the printing material 1 to move, so that the printing material 1 is extruded by the multistage speed-reducing extruder 2. Based on the design of this structure, promote the compactedness of structure, further reduce the volume of multistage speed reduction extruder.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the driving extrusion gear 521 is installed in the base 3 through a second bearing 523 and a second bolt 524, the multistage deceleration extruder 2 is further provided with a switching assembly 7, the driven extrusion gear 522 is installed on the switching assembly 7 through a third bearing 525 and a third bolt 526, and the switching assembly 7 is configured to drive the driven extrusion gear 522 to move relative to the driving extrusion gear 521, so as to adjust the driven extrusion gear 522 to switch between a feeding position a for facilitating feeding and a feeding position B for automatic feeding. Fig. 9 to 10 show a state in which the driven extrusion gear 522 is in the feeding position a, and fig. 11 to 12 show a state in which the driven extrusion gear 522 is in the feeding position B. When the switching assembly 7 is rotated, the driven extrusion gear 522 is located at the feeding position a far away from the driving extrusion gear 521, the distance between the driving extrusion gear 521 and the driven extrusion gear 522 is increased, and the distance between the extrusion rollers 61 mounted on the driving extrusion gear 521 or the driven extrusion gear 522 is also increased, so that the printing material 1 can be conveniently added between the extrusion rollers 61 or the state of the existing printing material 1 between the extrusion rollers 61 can be conveniently adjusted. When the switching assembly 7 is rotated, so that the driven extrusion gear 522 is located at the feeding position B close to the driving extrusion gear 521, the distance between the driving extrusion gear 521 and the driven extrusion gear 522 is reduced, the distance between the extrusion rollers 61 mounted on the driving extrusion gear 521 or the driven extrusion gear 522 is also reduced, and the extrusion rollers 61 extrude the printing material 1 which is already put into the extrusion rollers, so that the multistage deceleration extruder 2 is restored to the automatic feeding state. Based on the design of this structure, be convenient for carry out the feeding operation, promote user experience.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 12, the switching assembly 7 includes a connecting rod 71, the connecting rod 71 is in a crank shape, so as to save more space while facilitating stress, the middle portion of the connecting rod 71 is rotatably connected to the base 3 through a fastening member, the driven extrusion gear 522 is installed at a first end portion of the connecting rod 71, the switching assembly 7 further includes an operating handle 72, the operating handle 72 is provided with a pushing portion, the pushing portion extends into the base 3 and is rotatably connected to the base 3, and the pushing portion is further abutted against a second end portion of the connecting rod 71. In this embodiment, the fastening member is a first bolt 73, a through hole 74 for passing through the first bolt 73 is provided in the middle of the connecting rod 71, the connecting rod 71 is rotatably connected in the base 3 through the first bolt 73, and the connecting rod 71 can rotate with the first bolt 73 as a fulcrum. The pushing portion of the operating handle 72 is mounted on the base 3 through a pin 75 and is rotatably connected to the base 3. The switch unit 7 further includes an elastic member 76, one end of the elastic member 76 is attached to the second end of the connecting rod 71, and the other end of the elastic member 76 abuts against the inner side of the side wall of the base 3. When the operating handle 72 is rotated with respect to the base 3, the pushing portion of the operating handle 72 pushes the connecting rod 71 to rotate with respect to the base 3 to switch the driven extrusion gear 522 between the feeding position and the feeding position, and at the same time, since the second end of the connecting rod 71 is mounted with the elastic member 76, the elastic member 76 provides an elastic force to the rotation of the connecting rod 71, and the elastic member 76 allows the driven extrusion gear 522 to be stably located at the feeding position or the feeding position without a user constantly pressing the operating handle 72 when the driven extrusion gear 522 is switched between the feeding position and the feeding position. Based on the design of this structure, promote connecting rod 71 through the promotion portion and use first bolt 73 as the fulcrum rotation, simple structure, simultaneously through the cooperation with the elastic component, the user operation of being convenient for promotes user experience.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 12, the pushing portion of the operating handle 72 is an eccentric cam structure 721, the connecting rod 71 is provided with a groove structure 711 matching with the eccentric cam structure 721, the eccentric cam structure 721 is rotatably connected to the base 3 and abuts against a sidewall of the groove structure 71, and a salient point of the eccentric cam structure 721 far from the axis can be switched between a first position and a second position when the eccentric cam structure 721 rotates. Wherein the first position is a position where the convex point abuts against a side wall of the groove structure 711 remote from the tip end of the driven extrusion gear 522, and the second position is a position where the convex point abuts against a side wall of the middle portion of the groove structure 711. When the operating handle 72 is pressed to enable the salient point to be at the first position, the eccentric cam structure pushes one end, far away from the driven extrusion gear 522, of the connecting rod 71 to rotate towards one side, close to the driving extrusion gear 521, of the connecting rod, the length of the elastic piece 76 is shortened, the middle portion of the connecting rod 71 is connected to the base 3 in a rotating mode, the first bolt 73 serves as a fulcrum, one end, far away from the driving extrusion gear 521, of the connecting rod 71, of the driven extrusion gear 522 moves, the distance between the driven extrusion gear 522 and the driving extrusion gear 521 is increased, and therefore the feeding of the printing materials 1 between the extrusion rollers 61 or the adjustment of the state of the existing printing materials 1 between the extrusion rollers 61 are facilitated. When the operating handle 72 is pressed to enable the salient point to be located at the second position, the length of the elastic element 76 is increased, the end, on which the driven extrusion gear 522 is mounted, of the connecting rod 71 moves towards the direction close to the driving extrusion gear 521 by taking the first bolt 73 as a fulcrum, the distance between the driven extrusion gear 522 and the driving extrusion gear 521 is reduced, the extrusion roller 61 extrudes the printing material 1 placed in the extrusion rod, and the multistage deceleration extruder 2 is enabled to be restored to the automatic feeding state. Based on the design of this structure, promote the compactness of structure.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 12, the elastic member 76 is a compression spring. An adjusting bolt 77 is arranged in the base 3, one end of the adjusting bolt 77 is clamped on the side wall of the base 3 and is positioned on the outer side of the base 3, the other end of the adjusting bolt 77 is abutted against the inner side of the side wall of the base 3 through a nut 771, in the embodiment, the nut 771 is a square nut, and the adjusting bolt 77 is more stably installed in the base 3 through the square nut; the connecting rod 71 is provided with a spring pressing plate 712, and the adjusting bolt 77 passes through the spring pressing plate 712 and the compression spring and allows the compression spring to be installed between the spring pressing plate 712 and the nut 771. When the operating handle 72 is pressed to enable the salient point to be at the first position, the connecting rod 71 rotates to drive the spring pressing piece 712 to extrude the compression spring, and the length of the compression spring is shortened; when the operating handle 72 is pressed to make the protruding point at the second position, the connecting rod 71 rotates to drive the spring pressing piece 712 to stretch the compression spring, and the length of the compression spring is increased. The compression spring provides elastic force, the installation mode is simple, the cost can be reduced, the length of the compression spring is adjusted based on the matching of the adjusting bolt 77, the spring pressing plate 712 and the compression spring, and the structure is simple.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the multistage deceleration extruder 2 is further provided with a roller cleaning brush 8, and the roller cleaning brush 8 is provided on one side of the extrusion roller 61 to clean the contact surface between the extrusion roller 61 and the printing material 1. Based on the design of this structure, extrude remaining piece on the gyro wheel 61 through gyro wheel cleaning brush 8 after 2 long-time works to multistage speed reduction extruder and clear away, can prevent to appear because of the piece remains the extrusion force that causes and descend to and the piece gets into to print the shower nozzle and causes end cap scheduling problem, promote printing quality, improve equipment's security.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, 8 and 13, a cover 9 is provided on the side of the base 3 away from the driving motor 4, the cover 9 is covered with the base 3 by a mounting bolt 91, and the roller cleaning brush 8 is mounted on the cover 9. In this embodiment, two roller cleaning brushes 8 are provided, a mounting hole 92 is provided on the cover 9, one of the roller cleaning brushes is mounted in the mounting hole 92 on the cover 9 through a fourth bolt 81 and a fourth bearing 82 for cleaning the extrusion roller 61 mounted on the driven extrusion gear 522, a protruding shaft 514 is provided in the axial direction of the dual gear 51, the other roller cleaning brush is mounted on the protruding shaft 514 of the dual gear 51, and the protruding shaft 514 abuts against the other mounting hole 92 for cleaning the extrusion roller 61 mounted on the driving extrusion gear 521. Based on the design of this structure, promote the steadiness of duplicate gear 51 installation, promote the compactness of structure.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, be equipped with the observation window 93 that is used for observing on the lid 9, the observation window 93 comprises glass or other light-permeable material, and the observation window 93 lock is in order to protect the inner structure of multistage speed reduction extruder 2 in lid 9, and the user of being convenient for simultaneously observes the transport condition of printing material 1 through observation window 93 in real time, increases visual operation, promotes user experience.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, a feeding connecting rod 31 is disposed in the base 3, one end of the feeding connecting rod 31 is fixed in the base 3, the other end of the feeding connecting rod 31 extends to a position between the driving extrusion gear 521 and the driven extrusion gear 522, a long straight channel 32 is disposed in the feeding connecting rod 31, and the input disc-shaped printing material 1 is input between the extrusion rollers 61 in a straight line shape after being input from the end of the feeding connecting rod 31, so that the stability of the printing material 1 extruded by the multistage speed-reducing extruder 2 is improved. In addition, the feeding connecting rod 31 is used for inputting the end clamping device of the printing material 1 and is provided with the detachable feeding guide pipe 33, when the end of the printing material 1 penetrates through the feeding guide pipe 33 and clamps the feeding guide pipe 33 on the feeding connecting rod 31, the end of the printing material 1 is pushed to penetrate through the feeding guide pipe 33 and the long straight-shaped channel 32 and is positioned between the extrusion rollers 61, the feeding operation of a user is facilitated, and the user experience is improved.
The invention provides a multi-stage speed-reducing extruder and 3D printing equipment, wherein the multi-stage speed-reducing extruder 2 performs first speed reduction through a duplicate gear 51 in linkage connection with a motor gear 41, performs second speed reduction through linkage connection with an extrusion gear 52 and the duplicate gear 51, drives extrusion rollers 61 coaxially arranged with the extrusion gear 52 to rotate through linkage connection of the extrusion gear 52, and the extrusion rollers 61 are used for penetrating printing materials 1. Carry out the two-stage speed reduction through the rotational speed to the motor, extrude through extruding gyro wheel 61 and print material 1, realize improving and extrude power, improve the stability of carrying print material 1, reduce multistage speed reduction extruder 2's volume and quality simultaneously, can also improve the printing precision and the printing speed of 3D printer through the quality that reduces the extruder, realize near-end or super near-end and print.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a multistage speed reduction extruder, is applied to in the 3D printing apparatus, its characterized in that includes:
a base (3);
the driving motor (4) is arranged on one side of the base (3), and a rotating shaft of the driving motor (4) penetrates through the base (3) and is provided with a motor gear (41);
the speed reducing mechanism (5) comprises a duplicate gear (51) and an extrusion gear (52), the duplicate gear (51) is in linkage connection with the motor gear (41) to perform first speed reduction, the extrusion gear (52) comprises a driving extrusion gear (521) and a driven extrusion gear (522) in linkage connection with the driving extrusion gear (521), and the driving extrusion gear (521) is in linkage connection with the duplicate gear (51) to perform second speed reduction; and
the extruding mechanism (6) comprises extruding rollers (61) which are coaxially arranged with the extruding gear (52), and a feeding channel for conveying the printing material (1) is formed between the extruding rollers (61);
a switching assembly (7), the driven extrusion gear (522) being mounted on the switching assembly (7), the switching assembly (7) being configured to drive the driven extrusion gear (522) to move relative to the driving extrusion gear (521) to switch between a feeding position and a feeding position, the switching assembly (7) comprising:
the middle part of the connecting rod (71) is rotatably connected into the base (3), and the driven extrusion gear (522) is arranged at the first end part of the connecting rod (71);
the operating handle (72) is provided with a pushing part, the pushing part extends into the base (3) and is rotatably connected with the base (3), and the pushing part is also abutted against the second end part of the connecting rod (71);
an elastic member (76), one end of the elastic member (76) being attached to the second end of the connecting rod (71), and the other end of the elastic member (76) being in contact with the inside of the side wall of the base (3);
when the operating handle (72) rotates relative to the base (3), the pushing portion of the operating handle (72) pushes the connecting rod (71) to rotate relative to the base (3) to switch the driven extrusion gear (522) between the feeding position and the feeding position;
when the multi-stage speed reduction extruder (2) works, the driving motor (4) drives the speed reduction mechanism (5) and the extruding mechanism (6) to rotate so as to convey the printing material (1).
2. The multi-stage retarded extruder according to claim 1, wherein: the driving extrusion gear (521) and the driven extrusion gear (522) have the same module and the same gear number, and the extrusion rollers (61) have the same diameter.
3. The multi-stage retarded extruder according to claim 1, wherein:
the pushing part of the operating handle (72) is an eccentric cam structure (721);
the connecting rod (71) is provided with a groove structure (711) matched with the eccentric cam structure (721), the eccentric cam structure (721) is rotationally connected to the base (3) and is abutted against the side wall of the groove structure (711), and when the eccentric cam structure (721) rotates, a salient point far away from the axis can be switched between a first position and a second position;
when the salient point moves from the first position to the second position, the salient point moves towards the direction away from the driven extrusion gear (522) to abut against the groove structure (711), the connecting rod (71) is pushed to rotate relative to the base (3), and therefore the driven extrusion gear (522) is switched from the feeding position to the feeding position.
4. The multi-stage retarded extruder according to claim 3, wherein:
the elastic piece (76) is a compression spring;
an adjusting bolt (77) is arranged in the base (3), one end of the adjusting bolt (77) is clamped on the side wall of the base (3) and is located on the outer side of the base (3), and the other end of the adjusting bolt (77) is abutted against the inner side of the side wall of the base (3) through a nut (771);
the connecting rod (71) is provided with a spring pressing plate (712), and the adjusting bolt (77) penetrates through the spring pressing plate (712) and the compression spring and enables the compression spring to be installed between the spring pressing plate (712) and the nut (771).
5. The multistage retarded extruder according to claim 1, wherein: the multistage speed reduction extruder is further provided with a roller cleaning brush (8), wherein the roller cleaning brush (8) is arranged on one side of the extrusion roller (61) to clean the contact surface between the extrusion roller (61) and the printing material (1).
6. The multistage retarded extruder according to claim 5, wherein:
one side of the base (3) far away from the driving motor (4) is provided with a cover body (9), the cover body (9) is covered with the base (3), and the roller cleaning brush (8) is installed on the cover body (9).
7. The multistage retarded extruder according to claim 6, wherein: an observation window (93) is arranged on the cover body (9) to observe the conveying condition of the printing material (1).
8. The utility model provides a 3D printing apparatus which characterized in that: comprising a printing head and a multistage deceleration extruder (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for extruding a printing mass (1) and delivering to the printing head for 3D printing.
CN202110126099.XA 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Multistage speed reduction extruder and 3D printing apparatus Active CN112923017B (en)

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PCT/CN2021/076014 WO2022160380A1 (en) 2021-01-29 2021-02-08 Multi-stage speed reduction extruder and 3d printing device

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