CN112922825B - Identification and detection method for compressor - Google Patents
Identification and detection method for compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112922825B CN112922825B CN202110270702.1A CN202110270702A CN112922825B CN 112922825 B CN112922825 B CN 112922825B CN 202110270702 A CN202110270702 A CN 202110270702A CN 112922825 B CN112922825 B CN 112922825B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a compressor identification and detection method, which is characterized in that a qualified lower limit value of a compressor (1) is established by 95% of a nominal value Q of refrigerating capacity; 10-15 compressors are continuously installed by adjusting the fit clearance of the kinematic pair, the eccentric amount of the crankshaft of the compressor and the top clearance of the piston and the air suction valve plate, refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on the calorimeter, the refrigerating capacity of 10-15 compressors (1) is obtained, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressors (1) is obtained through the tests. By adopting the technical scheme, the refrigerating capacity, noise and vibration of the compressor can be efficiently and accurately detected, and whether the compressor is qualified or not can be judged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration compressor testing, and relates to a technology for testing refrigeration capacity, noise and vibration of a reciprocating piston type refrigeration compressor. More particularly, the present invention relates to a refrigerating capacity recognition, noise and vibration magnitude detection apparatus of a reciprocating piston type refrigeration compressor. In addition, the invention also relates to a recognition and detection method of the refrigeration capacity recognition device and the noise and vibration detection device of the reciprocating piston type refrigeration compressor.
Background
In the existing reciprocating piston refrigerator compressor, in order to obtain relevant technical parameters such as refrigerating capacity of the compressor, a calorimeter is required to test the refrigerating capacity, input power and COP (ratio of refrigerating capacity to input power) of the compressor; the refrigerating capacity test is carried out under the standard working condition specified by the national standard of totally-enclosed Motor for refrigerator (GB 9098-2008). The standard working condition specifies that the evaporation temperature is-23.3+/-0.2 ℃, the condensation temperature is 54.4+/-0.3 ℃, the supercooling temperature is 32.2+/-0.3 ℃, the air suction temperature is 32.2+/-3 ℃, the environment temperature is 32.2+/-1 ℃, the calorimeter system can calculate the electric heating quantity of the heat measuring cylinder after reaching the temperature of the standard working condition, and the whole test process needs at least 2.5-3 hours. The test refrigerating capacity of the calorimeter is relatively accurate, but the test period is long, and the calorimeter is only suitable for the sampling test of the very small sample of the compressor, and cannot meet the requirement of online mass detection.
In the prior art, patent document with application number 200410030657.9 discloses an online test scheme of the refrigerating capacity of a compressor and an establishment method thereof, wherein the online test scheme is mainly established by measuring the value of the highest limit pressure P of the blocking mouth of the compressor within a limited time T and then through the equivalent relation with the refrigerating capacity Q test scheme specified in national standards, so that the aim of greatly simplifying the required online test of the refrigerating capacity can be achieved.
The testing device in the online testing scheme mainly comprises: the pipe joint device, the rubber air hose with a certain inner volume, the force sensor with an A/D conversion component and the numerical display part of P and T are formed, and the online test scheme for indirectly representing the refrigerating capacity Q through the pressure P in the limited time T is generally completed in a period of tens of seconds to tens of seconds.
The invention can identify a part of refrigerating capacity through the highest limiting pressure P and the limiting time T, since the refrigerating capacity is generally more than 95% of the nominal value, when the refrigerating capacity of the qualified compressor is 100% or even more than 100% of the nominal value, the invention is very possible because the assembly of the parts of the compressor is selected according to the clearance, the selected values have a certain range, and the machining precision of the parts has a certain range. The larger the fit clearance between the piston and the crankcase hole is, the larger the leakage risk is, the smaller the refrigerating capacity is, for example, the fit clearance between the piston and the crankcase hole is just at the lower limit, the eccentric value of the crankshaft is just at the upper limit, the precision of the parts of the piston and the crankcase such as roughness, roundness and cylindricity are good, and the refrigerating capacity Q of the compressor is measured accurately 0 、P 0 、T 0 Just on the highest line, when 1 compressor is qualified with the machine Q 0 、P 0 、T 0 If the temperature is smaller than the standard machine environment temperature, the compressor may be judged to be unqualified, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is 95% or more than 95% of the nominal value, the refrigerating capacity is qualified, and even if the compressor with unqualified refrigerating capacity is detected by the sampling inspection, when the environment temperature implemented by the online sampling inspection scheme is higher than the environment temperature of the standard machine, the unqualified compressor may appear in the online sampling inspection due to the fact that the pressure exceeds or equals to P 0 Time is less than or equal to T 0 Misjudgment occurs; or when the environment temperature implemented by the online sampling inspection scheme is lower than the environment temperature of the standard machine, the online sampling inspection of the qualified compressor possibly occurs because the pressure is lower than P 0 Time ofGreater than T 0 Misjudgment occurs; there is therefore a certain risk of erroneous judgment according to the method disclosed above.
Therefore, the precision measurement refrigerating capacity in the prior art has low efficiency and cannot be detected in batches or on line; or because the unqualified compressor calibration has larger error and is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, the technical scheme disclosed above has larger misjudgment risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for identifying the refrigerating capacity of a compressor, which aims to efficiently and accurately detect the refrigerating capacity, noise and vibration of the compressor and judge whether the refrigerating capacity, noise and vibration are qualified or not.
In order to achieve the above object, the first technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for identifying and detecting a compressor, which comprises a method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of the compressor, and the technical scheme is as follows:
1. establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2. by adjusting the fit clearance of a kinematic pair (such as the upper limit value of the fit clearance between a piston and a cylinder hole) and the eccentric amount (lower limit) of a compressor crankshaft, the upper limit of the piston and the top clearance of an air suction valve plate are continuously installed for 10-15, refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on a calorimeter to obtain 10-15 refrigerating capacities of the compressor, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is obtained through the tests;
3. 3-5 compressors with nominal compressor refrigerating capacity Q multiplied by 95% are obtained, a start button of a compressor refrigerating capacity identification device is pressed in an environment temperature of 25+/-5 ℃, a pressure-bearing container is pressed through the compressor, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container is increased; the time T required by the compressor when the compressor reaches the specified pressure P (such as the gauge pressure of 1.0 MPa) is obtained through a statistical means, so that the time T required by the compressor to reach the specified pressure P is taken as the basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not.
In order to obtain the accurate value of the time T, the refrigerating capacity identification method of the compressor comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a starting button, powering on a coil of the intermediate relay, and closing two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay, wherein the closing of one normally open contact connected with the starting button in parallel realizes circuit self-locking; closing the other normally open contact to start the compressor;
a timer connected in parallel with the intermediate relay coil is powered on and starts to count; energizing the compressor; the electromagnetic valve is conducted, the compressor starts to press the pressure-bearing container, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container rises;
when the electric contact pressure gauge reaches the specified pressure P, the normally closed contact of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, the coil of the intermediate relay is in power failure, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay are disconnected, the compressor is stopped to be electrified, the timer is stopped to count the time when the power is lost, and the time T from the power to the power loss is recorded and is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the pressurizing displacement detection is carried out on a compressor which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the electric contact pressure gauge reaches the specified pressure P, if the required time is smaller than or equal to T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; if the required time is greater than T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is not qualified.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for identifying and detecting a compressor, which comprises a method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of the compressor, and the technical scheme is as follows:
1. establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2. 10 to 15 sets of compression sets are continuously installed through adjusting the fit clearance of a kinematic pair (such as the upper limit value of the fit clearance between a piston and a cylinder hole) and the eccentric amount of a compressor crankshaft (lower limit), the top clearance between the piston and an air suction valve plate (upper limit), refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on a calorimeter to obtain 10 to 15 sets of compressor refrigerating capacities, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95 of the compressor refrigerating capacities is obtained through the tests;
3. 3-5 compressors with nominal compressor refrigerating capacity Q multiplied by 95% are obtained, a start button of a compressor refrigerating capacity identification device is pressed in an environment temperature of 25+/-5 ℃, a pressure-bearing container is pressed through the compressor, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container is increased; obtaining the pressure P of the compressor obtained under a specified time T (such as time 1.5 min) by a statistical means, wherein the pressure P obtained after the specified time T is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not;
in order to obtain the accurate value of the pressure P, the refrigerating capacity identification method of the compressor comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a starting button, and obtaining electricity by the intermediate relay coil and the time relay coil; the normally open contact of the intermediate relay connected in parallel with the starting button is closed to realize circuit self-locking;
meanwhile, a normally open contact which is opened by time delay of the time relay is instantaneously closed under the control of the time relay and starts time counting; the compressor is electrified, the electromagnetic valve is conducted, the compressor starts to press the pressure-bearing container, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container rises;
when the time relay is timed to reach the specified time (such as 1.5 min), a normally open contact of the time relay which is opened in a delayed way is opened, the electromagnetic valve is closed, gas is intercepted in the pressure-bearing container, at the moment, the energizing time T obtained by the lower limit value of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor reaches the pressure P as the accurate pressure value, and the pressure P is used as the basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the pressurizing displacement detection is carried out on a compressor which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the compressor is electrified for a specified time T, the pressure value of a pressure gauge or an electric contact pressure gauge reaches or exceeds a specified pressure P, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; if the pressure value of the pressure gauge or the electric contact pressure gauge is smaller than the prescribed pressure P when the compressor is electrified for the prescribed time T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is disqualified.
The third technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for identifying and detecting a compressor, which comprises a method for detecting noise or vibration of the compressor, and the technical scheme is as follows:
1. obtaining a compressor noise value according to the range of a nominal value Q of the refrigerating capacity required by GB9098-2008, installing 10-15 compressors in a semi-anechoic chamber or a full anechoic chamber to obtain a noise value W and a vibration test value a which are closest to the lower limit of a standard value compressor, and performing a compression test from the noise value W and the vibration test value a which are close to the lower limit of the standard value compressor to the anechoic chamber to obtain W1 and a1 which correspond to the noise value W and the vibration test value a;
2. the method comprises the steps that a compressor for establishing a noise value W and a vibration test value a is placed in a sound insulation room, various test devices such as the rest control part, a pressure-bearing container and the like are placed outside the sound insulation room, a sound level meter capacitor microphone is placed above the compressor, and a sound level meter is placed outside the sound insulation room; or the vibration acceleration sensor is placed on the top of the upper cover of the compressor and fully contacted with the upper cover of the compressor;
3. switching on a power supply, pressing a starting button, powering on a coil of the intermediate relay, closing a normally open contact of the intermediate relay, and powering on the time relay; meanwhile, the other normally open contact of the intermediate relay is closed, the compressor is electrified, the electromagnetic valve is conducted, the compressor starts to press the pressure-bearing container, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container rises;
4. when the pressure of the electric contact pressure gauge reaches a specified pressure P, the normally closed contact of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, the coil of the intermediate relay is in power failure, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay are disconnected, the compressor stops being electrified, and the noise power W1 or the vibration test value a1 in the process of reaching the pressure P is recorded to judge whether the noise and the vibration parameters of the compressor are qualified or not; namely: detecting compression displacement noise and/or vibration of any extraction compressor below the line, when the electric contact pressure gauge reaches a specified pressure P, sampling noise W2 or vibration a2 when the pressure P is reached by the sound level gauge, and if the compressor noise W2 is less than or equal to W1 or the compressor vibration a2 is less than or equal to a1, qualifying the compressor noise and vibration; if the noise W2 is larger than or equal to W1 and/or the vibration a2 is larger than or equal to a1, the noise and the vibration of the compressor are disqualified.
By adopting the technical scheme, the standard prototype is more in selection, and the minimum lower limit of the refrigerating capacity qualification value is obtained through statistics, so that the accurate parameters of the standard prototype can be obtained; meanwhile, the pressure is electrified at a specified ambient temperature (25+/-5 ℃) to obtain a reference pressure P or a reference time T, so that the precision of the reference pressure P or the reference time T is further improved; when the compression displacement detection is carried out on the offline compressor, as the pressure control or the time control is automatically controlled and timed under the relay, no counting and reading errors exist, the pressure P or the time T obtained by sampling when the offline compressor is compared with the standard sampling is accurate and effective, and the comparison result is true and accurate; the comparison can be completed in less than 3 minutes, and the production efficiency is extremely improved.
The result of the noise and vibration test is accurate, and the pressure control is automatically controlled in a constant temperature environment under the control of the relay, so that the errors of counting and reading do not exist, and the mechanical noise and the airflow noise of the compressor are displayed under the constant load; the obtained off-line compressor and the standard compressor are accurate and effective in sampling noise or vibration test value when being sampled and compared under load, and the comparison result is true and accurate; because the pressure load P sampled by the off-line compressor is in a constant temperature air environment, the comparison can be completed in less than 3 minutes generally, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the testing method is simple and efficient.
Drawings
Brief description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of the refrigeration capacity identification (by pressure P) of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the refrigeration capacity identification (through time T) of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerating capacity identification apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a noise detecting device according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional structure of the noise detecting apparatus of the present invention.
Marked in the figure as:
1. the device comprises a compressor, 2, an electromagnetic valve, 3, an electric contact pressure gauge, 4, a pressure-bearing container, 5, an intermediate relay, 6, a time relay, 7, a compressor exhaust pipe, 8, a sealing valve, 9, a pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe, 10, a power supply control wire, 11, a power supply inlet wire, 12, a vibration display instrument, 13, a sound insulation chamber, 14, a vibration acceleration tester, 15, an electric contact pressure gauge normally-closed contact, 16, a start button, 17, a timer, 18, an overload protector, 19 and a compressor starter.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only, is presented in the accompanying drawings to aid in a more complete, accurate, and thorough understanding of the inventive concepts and aspects of the invention by those skilled in the art.
The structure of the present invention as shown in fig. 1 to 5 is a device for identifying the refrigerating capacity of a compressor, and the compressor 1 is provided with a compressor discharge pipe 7.
The invention provides a device and a method for identifying the refrigerating capacity and the noise of a compressor, which aim to accurately identify the refrigerating capacity and the noise of the compressor; the specific conception is as follows: the compressor with smaller displacement can be selected by prolonging the pressing time and the pressing pressure, especially for compressors with different noise, the compressor is placed in a sound insulation room with a certain noise elimination environment, a suction pipe of the compressor is plugged or connected to a suction port of the compressor through a hose, the other end of the suction pipe is placed outside the sound insulation room, an acceleration sensor is placed at the top of the shell, the compressor is electrified, exhaust is loaded to a specified pressure or a specified time, and the noise of the compressor is identified through the size of a vibration tester or the sound pressure of a sound level meter.
In order to solve the problems and overcome the defects of the prior art and achieve the object of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention include:
embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the refrigerating capacity identification device of the compressor of the invention, the exhaust pipe 7 of the compressor is connected with the pressure-bearing container 4 through the inlet pipe 9 of the pressure-bearing container; an electric contact pressure gauge 3 is arranged on the pressure-bearing container 4;
the compressor refrigerating capacity identification device comprises a control circuit and a compressor driving circuit;
the control circuit is provided with a starting button 16 and an intermediate relay 5, and a normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 is arranged on the compressor driving circuit; the other normally open contact is provided on a circuit in parallel with the start button 16;
a timer 17 is provided on a circuit connected in parallel with the intermediate relay 5;
the electric contact pressure gauge 3 is provided with an electric contact pressure gauge normally-closed contact 15, and a connecting wire of the electric contact pressure gauge normally-closed contact 15 is arranged on the control circuit.
The upper limit pressure of the electric contact pressure gauge 3 can be freely adjusted according to the type of the compressor.
The following technical solutions of the present embodiment are the same as those in the second to seventh embodiments.
The electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged at the joint of the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 2 is a two-way stop valve; the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged on a circuit connected with the compressor 1 in parallel.
The valve core of the electromagnetic valve 2 controls the connection and disconnection of the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9.
The compressor drive circuit is provided with an overload protector 18.
The overload protector 18 protects the compressor motor by means of overheat breaking, or overcurrent breaking.
The compressor 1 comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding; a compressor starter 19 is provided in the circuit in series with said secondary winding.
At the process nozzle of the compressor 1, a sealing valve 8 is provided. The function of the device is to seal the process orifice and only allow gas to enter from the compressor suction orifice during test pressurization.
The invention is connected with a power supply through a power supply inlet wire 11; the test control circuit is controlled by a power control line 10.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the refrigerating capacity identifying apparatus of the present invention, wherein the compressor 1 is provided with a compressor discharge pipe 7; the compressor exhaust pipe 7 is connected with the pressure-bearing container 4 through a pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9; an electric contact pressure gauge 3 is arranged on the pressure-bearing container 4;
the compressor refrigerating capacity identification device comprises a control circuit and a compressor driving circuit;
the control circuit is provided with a starting button 16 and an intermediate relay 5, and a normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 is arranged on a circuit connected with the starting button 16 in parallel;
a time relay 6 is arranged on a circuit connected in parallel with the intermediate relay 5; the normally closed contact of the time relay 6 which is opened in a delayed way is arranged on a compressor driving circuit.
The electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged at the joint of the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 2 is a two-way stop valve; the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged on a circuit connected with the compressor 1 in parallel.
The compressor drive circuit is provided with an overload protector 18.
The compressor 1 comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding; a compressor starter 19 is provided in the circuit in series with said secondary winding.
Analysis was performed for the above-described first and second embodiments:
by adopting the compressor refrigerating capacity identification device, as the standard prototypes are more in selection and the lowest lower limit of the refrigerating capacity qualification value is obtained through statistics, the standard prototypes are accurate, meanwhile, the standard prototypes are pressurized and electrified at the specified ambient temperature (25 ℃ +/-5 ℃) to obtain the passing reference pressure P or the reference time T, and the accuracy of the reference pressure P or the reference time T is further improved;
when the compression displacement detection is carried out on the offline compressor, as the pressure control or the time control is automatically controlled and timed under the relay, no counting and reading errors exist, the pressure P or the time T obtained by sampling when the offline compressor is compared with the standard sampling is accurate and effective, and the comparison result is true and accurate;
because the pressure P sampled by the off-line compressor or the obtained time T is in a constant temperature air environment, the comparison can be completed in less than 3 minutes generally, compared with a normal calorimeter, the performance test can be completed in 180 minutes, the production efficiency is extremely high, the problem that the abnormal batch off-line selection and reworking of the refrigerating capacity caused by abnormal assembly (such as leakage, poor sealing, misuse of parts and abnormal selection and matching of part pistons) of the compressor in production can be solved, the production efficiency is high, and the selection and the identification are effective and reasonable.
Embodiment III:
the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the testing device of the compressor of the invention, the compressor 1 is provided with a compressor discharge pipe 7; the compressor exhaust pipe 7 is connected with the pressure-bearing container 4 through a pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9; an electric contact pressure gauge 3 is arranged on the pressure-bearing container 4;
the control circuit of the testing device of the compressor and the compressor driving circuit;
the control circuit is provided with a starting button 16 and an intermediate relay 5, and a normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 is arranged on the compressor driving circuit; the other normally open contact is provided on a circuit in parallel with the start button 16;
a timer 17 is provided on a circuit connected in parallel with the intermediate relay 5;
the electric contact pressure gauge 3 is provided with an electric contact pressure gauge normally-closed contact 15, and a connecting wire of the electric contact pressure gauge normally-closed contact 15 is arranged on the control circuit;
the testing device of the compressor is provided with a sound insulation chamber 13 (or a sound insulation room or a sound insulation cover), the compressor 1 is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13, and the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the compressor air inlet pipe penetrate through the wall of the sound insulation chamber 13 and extend out of the sound insulation chamber 13;
the sound-proof chamber 13 (sound-proof room or sound-proof cover) shields the compressor 1.
The top end of the compressor 1 is provided with a vibration acceleration tester 14, the vibration acceleration tester 14 is connected with a vibration display instrument 12 through a signal line, and the vibration display instrument 12 is arranged outside the sound insulation chamber 13; alternatively, a condenser microphone is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13 and above the compressor 1, and the condenser microphone is connected with a sound level meter outside the sound insulation chamber 13 through a signal line; or, a vibration acceleration tester 14 is arranged at the top end of the compressor 1, the vibration acceleration tester 14 is connected with a vibration display instrument 12 through a signal line, the vibration display instrument 12 is arranged outside the sound insulation chamber 13, a capacitor microphone is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13 and above the compressor 1, and the capacitor microphone is connected with a sound level meter outside the sound insulation chamber 13 through the signal line.
The vibration display 12 displays the vibration magnitude of the compressor 1 when in operation. The sound level meter displays the noise power level of the compressor when in operation.
The electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged at the joint of the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 2 is a two-way stop valve; the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged on a circuit connected with the compressor 1 in parallel.
The compressor drive circuit is provided with an overload protector 18.
The compressor 1 comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding; a compressor starter 19 is provided in the circuit in series with said secondary winding.
Embodiment four:
the fourth embodiment is based on the second embodiment. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the testing device of the compressor of the invention, the compressor 1 is provided with a compressor discharge pipe 7; the compressor exhaust pipe 7 is connected with the pressure-bearing container 4 through a pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9; an electric contact pressure gauge 3 is arranged on the pressure-bearing container 4;
the testing device of the compressor comprises a control circuit and a compressor driving circuit;
the control circuit is provided with a starting button 16 and an intermediate relay 5, and a normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 is arranged on a circuit connected with the starting button 16 in parallel;
a time relay 6 is arranged on a circuit connected in parallel with the intermediate relay 5; the normally closed contact of the time relay 6 which is opened in a delayed way is arranged on a compressor driving circuit;
the testing device of the compressor is provided with a sound insulation chamber 13 (or a sound insulation room or a sound insulation cover), the compressor 1 is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13, and the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the compressor air inlet pipe penetrate through the wall of the sound insulation chamber 13 and extend out of the sound insulation chamber 13;
the sound-proof chamber 13 (sound-proof room or sound-proof cover) shields the compressor 1.
The top end of the compressor 1 is provided with a vibration acceleration tester 14, the vibration acceleration tester 14 is connected with a vibration display instrument 12 through a signal line, and the vibration display instrument 12 is arranged outside the sound insulation chamber 13; alternatively, a condenser microphone is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13 and above the compressor 1, and the condenser microphone is connected with a sound level meter outside the sound insulation chamber 13 through a signal line; or, a vibration acceleration tester 14 is arranged at the top end of the compressor 1, the vibration acceleration tester 14 is connected with a vibration display instrument 12 through a signal line, the vibration display instrument 12 is arranged outside the sound insulation chamber 13, a capacitor microphone is arranged in the sound insulation chamber 13 and above the compressor 1, and the capacitor microphone is connected with a sound level meter outside the sound insulation chamber 13 through the signal line.
The vibration display 12 displays the vibration magnitude of the compressor 1 when in operation. The sound level meter displays the noise power level of the compressor when in operation.
The electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged at the joint of the compressor exhaust pipe 7 and the pressure-bearing container air inlet pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 2 is a two-way stop valve; the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged on a circuit connected with the compressor 1 in parallel.
The compressor drive circuit is provided with an overload protector 18.
The compressor 1 comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding; a compressor starter 19 is provided in the circuit in series with said secondary winding.
Analysis was performed for the third and fourth embodiments described above:
according to the compressor noise identification device, the standard model machine obtains the compressor noise value according to the range of the nominal value Q of the refrigerating capacity required by GB9098, 10-15 machines are used for obtaining the noise value W and the vibration test value a which are closest to the lower limit of the standard value of the compressor in the semi-anechoic chamber or the full anechoic chamber, the standard noise model machine selects and obtains the noise test result to obtain the precision, meanwhile, the standard noise model machine is electrified at the specified ambient temperature (25+/-5 ℃) to obtain the pressure P, so that the compressor obtains a constant load, only under the load, the air flow noise and the mechanical friction noise of the compressor are reflected under the load, such as under the load, the air force Fg (no load basically) acts on a piston, the piston force Fp is increased, the connecting rod lateral force Fh is increased, the friction force is increased, under the load, the air suction from the compressor to the exhaust is due to the fact that the pulsating air flow is in the pneumatic noise is larger, the pressure control is completed under the relay under the constant temperature environment, the count and the reading error do not exist, the obtained under the line compressor and the standard compressor is accurately compared with the standard compressor under the load under the constant temperature environment, the sampling noise W or the test value a, the precision and the vibration result is really accurate and accurate; because the pressure load P of the off-line compressor sampling is in a constant temperature air environment, the comparison can be completed in less than 3 minutes generally, compared with a normal semi-anechoic chamber, the off-line compressor sampling can complete noise and vibration sampling in 120 minutes, the production efficiency is extremely high, and the abnormal friction noise caused by abnormal assembly (such as abnormal matching clearance, poor part precision, poor position of a shell supporting pin, deformation of a machine leg, unclean part cleaning brush and the like, poor sealing and various anti-noise silencer parts are misplaced) of the compressor in production can be met, the production efficiency is high, and the selection and recognition are effective and reasonable. All noise is generated by vibration, and the source of the noise is from the irregular vibration of the sounding body, so that the noise size of the compressor can be represented by the vibration measurement of the acceleration vibration meter, and the noise identification device and the noise identification method are accurate, simple and efficient.
In order to achieve the same object as the above technical solution, the present invention further provides a specific embodiment of the method of the device described above:
fifth embodiment:
the invention relates to a method for identifying and detecting a compressor, comprising a method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of a compressor 1, wherein the embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and the technical scheme is as follows:
1. establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor 1 by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2. 10 to 15 sets of compression sets are continuously installed through adjusting the fit clearance of a kinematic pair (such as the upper limit value of the fit clearance between a piston and a cylinder hole) and the eccentric amount of a compressor crankshaft (lower limit), the top clearance between the piston and an air suction valve plate (upper limit), refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on a calorimeter to obtain 10 to 15 sets of refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95 of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 is obtained through the tests;
3. 3-5 compressors which obtain the nominal value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 are pressed at the ambient temperature of 25+/-5 ℃ by a start button 16 of a compressor refrigerating capacity identification device, the pressure-bearing container 4 is pressed through the compressor 1, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container 4 is increased; the time T required by the compressor 1 when reaching the specified pressure P (such as gauge pressure 1.0 MPa) is obtained through a statistical means, so that the time T required by the specified pressure P is taken as the basis for judging whether the compressor 1 is qualified or not.
In order to obtain the accurate value of the time T, the method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a start button 16, powering on a coil of the intermediate relay 5, and closing two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay 5, wherein the closing of one normally open contact connected with the start button 16 in parallel realizes circuit self-locking; the other normally open contact is closed to start the compressor 1;
a timer 17 connected in parallel with the coil of the intermediate relay 5 is powered and starts to count; the compressor 1 is electrified; the electromagnetic valve 2 is conducted, the compressor 1 starts to press the pressure-bearing container 4, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container 4 rises;
when the electric contact pressure gauge 3 reaches the specified pressure P, the normally closed contact 15 of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, the coil of the intermediate relay 5 is in power failure, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay 5 are disconnected, the compressor 1 is stopped to be electrified, the timer 17 is in power failure to stop timing, the time T from the electrification to the power failure is recorded, and the time T is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor 1 is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the compression displacement detection is carried out on a compressor 1 which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the electric contact pressure gauge 3 reaches the specified pressure P, if the required time is smaller than or equal to T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; if the required time is greater than T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is not qualified.
Example six:
the invention relates to a method for identifying and detecting a compressor, which comprises a method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of a compressor 1, wherein the embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and the technical scheme is as follows:
1. establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor 1 by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2. 10 to 15 sets of compression sets are continuously installed through adjusting the fit clearance of a kinematic pair (such as the upper limit value of the fit clearance between a piston and a cylinder hole) and the eccentric amount of a compressor crankshaft (lower limit), the top clearance between the piston and an air suction valve plate (upper limit), refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on a calorimeter to obtain 10 to 15 sets of refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95 of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 is obtained through the tests;
3. 3-5 compressors which obtain the nominal value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 are pressed at the ambient temperature of 25+/-5 ℃ by a start button 16 of a compressor refrigerating capacity identification device, the pressure-bearing container 4 is pressed through the compressor 1, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container 4 is increased; obtaining the pressure P obtained by the compressor 1 under a specified time T (such as time 1.5 min) through a statistical means, wherein the pressure P obtained after the specified time T is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor 1 is qualified or not;
in order to obtain the accurate value of the pressure P, the method for identifying the refrigerating capacity of the compressor 1 comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a start button 16, and obtaining electricity by a coil of the intermediate relay 5 and a coil of the time relay 6; the normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 connected in parallel with the starting button 16 is closed to realize circuit self-locking;
meanwhile, a normally open contact which is opened by time delay of the time relay 6 is instantaneously closed under the control of the time relay 6 and starts time counting; the compressor 1 is electrified, the electromagnetic valve 2 is conducted, the compressor 1 starts to press the pressure-bearing container 4, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container 4 rises;
when the time relay 6 counts to reach the specified time (such as 1.5 min), a normally open contact of the time relay 6 which is opened in a delayed way is opened, the electromagnetic valve 2 is closed, gas is intercepted in the pressure-bearing container 4, at the moment, the energizing time T obtained by the lower limit value of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor reaches the pressure P as the accurate pressure value, and the pressure P is used as the basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the compression displacement detection is carried out on a compressor 1 which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the compressor 1 is electrified for a specified time T, the pressure value of a pressure gauge or an electric contact pressure gauge reaches or exceeds a specified pressure P, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; if the pressure value of the pressure gauge or the electric contact pressure gauge is smaller than the prescribed pressure P when the compressor 1 is energized for the prescribed time T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is not qualified.
Embodiment seven:
the identification and detection method of the compressor comprises a detection method of noise or vibration of the compressor 1. The present embodiment is based on the third or fourth embodiment, and the technical solution is as follows:
1. obtaining a compressor noise value according to the range of a nominal value Q of the required refrigerating capacity of GB9098-2008, installing 10-15 compressors in a semi-anechoic chamber or a full anechoic chamber to obtain a noise value W and a vibration test value a which are closest to the lower limit of a standard value compressor, and performing a pressurizing test on the noise value W and the vibration test value a which are close to the lower limit of the standard value compressor in the anechoic chamber 13 to obtain W1 and a1 which correspond to the noise value W and the vibration test value a;
2. the method comprises the steps that a compressor for establishing a noise value W and a vibration test value a is placed in a sound insulation room, various test devices such as the rest control part, a pressure-bearing container and the like are placed outside the sound insulation room, a sound level meter capacitor microphone is placed above the compressor, and a sound level meter is placed outside the sound insulation room; or the vibration acceleration sensor is placed on the top of the upper cover of the compressor and fully contacted with the upper cover of the compressor;
3. switching on a power supply, pressing a start button 16, powering on a coil of the intermediate relay 5, closing a normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5, and powering on the time relay 6; meanwhile, the other normally open contact of the intermediate relay 5 is closed, the compressor 1 is electrified, the electromagnetic valve 2 is conducted, the compressor 1 starts to press the pressure-bearing container 4, and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container 4 rises;
4. when the pressure of the electric contact pressure gauge 3 reaches a specified pressure P, the normally closed contact 15 of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, the coil of the intermediate relay 5 is in power failure, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay 5 are disconnected, the compressor 1 stops being electrified, and the noise power W1 or the vibration test value a1 in the process of reaching the pressure P is recorded to judge whether the noise and vibration parameters of the compressor 1 are qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that compression displacement noise and/or vibration detection is carried out on any extraction compressor 1 under the line, when an electric contact pressure gauge 3 reaches a specified pressure P, noise W2 or vibration a2 when the sound level gauge samples the pressure P, and if the compressor noise W2 is less than or equal to W1 or the compressor vibration a2 is less than or equal to a1, the compressor noise and the vibration are qualified; if the noise W2 is larger than or equal to W1 and/or the vibration a2 is larger than or equal to a1, the noise and the vibration of the compressor are disqualified.
The technical solutions of the fifth to seventh embodiments are based on the first to fourth embodiments, respectively, and the technical analysis thereof is the same as that of the first to fourth embodiments.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of being modified or applied directly to other applications without modification, as long as various insubstantial modifications of the method concept and technical solution of the invention are adopted, all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for identifying and detecting a compressor is characterized in that: the identification and detection method of the compressor comprises a refrigeration capacity identification method of the compressor (1), wherein the refrigeration capacity identification method of the compressor (1) comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor (1) by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2) 10-15 compressors are continuously installed through adjusting the fit clearance of the kinematic pair, the eccentric amount of the crankshaft of the compressor and the top clearance of the piston and the air suction valve plate, refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on the calorimeter to obtain 10-15 compressors (1), and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressors (1) is obtained through the tests;
3) 3-5 compressors which obtain the nominal value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor (1), and pressing a start button (16) of a refrigerating capacity identification device of the compressor at the ambient temperature of 25+/-5 ℃, wherein the pressure-bearing container (4) is pressed through the compressor (1), and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container (4) is increased; obtaining time T required by the compressor (1) when the specified pressure P is reached through a statistical means, wherein the time T required by the compressor (1) when the specified pressure P is reached is taken as a basis for judging whether the compressor (1) is qualified or not;
in order to obtain the accurate value of the time T, the refrigerating capacity identification method of the compressor (1) comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a start button (16), powering on a coil of an intermediate relay (5), and closing two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay (5), wherein the closing of one normally open contact connected with the start button (16) in parallel realizes circuit self-locking; the other normally open contact is closed to start the compressor (1);
a timer (17) connected in parallel with the coil of the intermediate relay (5) is powered on and starts to count time; the compressor (1) is electrified; the electromagnetic valve (2) is conducted, the compressor (1) starts to press the pressure-bearing container (4), and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container (4) rises;
when the electric contact pressure gauge (3) reaches the specified pressure P, a normally closed contact (15) of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, a coil of the intermediate relay (5) is in power failure, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay (5) are disconnected, the compressor (1) is stopped to be electrified, a timer (17) is in power failure stop timing, and the time T from the power failure to the power failure is recorded and is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor (1) is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the pressurizing displacement detection is carried out on a compressor (1) which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the electric contact pressure gauge (3) reaches a specified pressure P, the required time is smaller than or equal to T, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; if the required time is greater than T, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is not qualified.
2. A method for identifying and detecting a compressor is characterized in that: the identification and detection method of the compressor comprises a refrigeration capacity identification method of the compressor (1), wherein the refrigeration capacity identification method of the compressor (1) comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a nominal value of the refrigerating capacity of the same gear model; according to the requirements of GB9098-2008, establishing a qualified lower limit value of the compressor (1) by 95% of a nominal refrigerating capacity value Q;
2) 10-15 compressors are continuously installed through adjusting the fit clearance of the kinematic pair and the eccentric amount of the crankshaft of the compressor and the top clearance of the piston and the air suction valve plate, refrigerating capacity tests are carried out on the calorimeter to obtain 10-15 compressors (1) refrigerating capacity, and the lowest lower limit value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressors (1) is obtained through the tests;
3) 3-5 compressors which obtain the nominal value Q multiplied by 95% of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor (1), and pressing a start button (16) of a refrigerating capacity identification device of the compressor at the ambient temperature of 25+/-5 ℃, wherein the pressure-bearing container (4) is pressed through the compressor (1), and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container (4) is increased; obtaining the pressure P of the compressor (1) under the specified time T through a statistical means, wherein the pressure P obtained after the specified time T is used as a basis for judging whether the compressor (1) is qualified or not;
in order to obtain the accurate value of the pressure P, the refrigerating capacity identification method of the compressor (1) comprises the following steps:
switching on a power supply, pressing a start button (16), and powering on a coil of an intermediate relay (5) and a coil of a time relay (6); the normally open contact of the intermediate relay (5) connected in parallel with the starting button (16) is closed to realize circuit self-locking;
meanwhile, a normally open contact which is opened by time delay of the time relay (6) is closed instantaneously under the control of the time relay (6) and starts time counting; the compressor (1) is electrified, the electromagnetic valve (2) is conducted, the compressor (1) starts to press against the pressure-bearing container (4), and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container (4) rises;
when the time relay (6) counts to reach the specified time, a normally open contact of the time relay (6) which is opened by time delay is opened, the electromagnetic valve (2) is cut off, gas is intercepted in the pressure-bearing container (4), at the moment, the energizing time T obtained by the lower limit value of the refrigerating capacity of the compressor reaches the pressure P as the accurate pressure value, and the pressure P is used as the basis for judging whether the compressor is qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that the pressurizing displacement detection is carried out on a compressor (1) which is arbitrarily extracted from the line, when the compressor (1) is electrified for a specified time T, the pressure value of a pressure gauge or an electric contact pressure gauge reaches or exceeds a specified pressure P, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is qualified; when the compressor (1) is electrified for a prescribed time T, the pressure value of the pressure gauge or the electric contact pressure gauge is smaller than the prescribed pressure P, and the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is not qualified.
3. A method for identifying and detecting a compressor is characterized in that: the method for identifying and detecting the compressor comprises a method for detecting noise or vibration of the compressor (1), wherein the method for detecting the noise or vibration of the compressor (1) comprises the following steps:
1) Obtaining a compressor noise value according to the range of a nominal value Q of the refrigeration capacity required by GB9098-2008, mounting 10-15 compressors (1) in a semi-anechoic chamber or a full anechoic chamber to obtain a noise value W and a vibration test value a which are closest to the lower limit of a standard value compressor, and performing a pressing test on the noise value W and the vibration test value a which are close to the lower limit of the standard value compressor in a sound insulation chamber (13) to obtain W1 and a1 which correspond to the noise value W and the vibration test value a;
2) Switching on a power supply, pressing a start button (16), powering on a coil of the intermediate relay (5), closing a normally open contact of the intermediate relay (5), and powering on a time relay (6); meanwhile, the other normally open contact of the intermediate relay (5) is closed, the compressor (1) is electrified, the electromagnetic valve (2) is conducted, the compressor (1) starts to press the pressure-bearing container (4), and the pressure of the pressure-bearing container (4) rises;
3) When the pressure of the electric contact pressure gauge (3) reaches a specified pressure P, a normally closed contact (15) of the electric contact pressure gauge is disconnected, a coil of the intermediate relay (5) is deenergized, two normally open contacts of the intermediate relay (5) are disconnected, the compressor (1) stops being electrified, and a noise power W1 or a vibration test value a1 in the process of reaching the pressure P is recorded to judge whether noise and vibration parameters of the compressor (1) are qualified or not; namely: the method comprises the steps that compression displacement noise and/or vibration detection is carried out on any extraction compressor (1) under a line, when an electric contact pressure gauge (3) reaches a specified pressure P, noise W2 or vibration a2 when the sound level gauge samples the pressure P, and if the compressor noise W2 is less than or equal to W1 or the compressor vibration a2 is less than or equal to a1, the compressor noise and the vibration are qualified; if the noise W2 is larger than or equal to W1 and/or the vibration a2 is larger than or equal to a1, the noise and the vibration of the compressor are disqualified.
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