CN112921405A - Method for synthesizing On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing an On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound, which takes an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound as a raw material to react with a 3-aminopyrazole compound to obtain an On-DNA product. The reaction method can be carried out in the mixed aqueous phase of an organic solvent/aqueous phase, is simple to operate, does not introduce a metal reagent, is environment-friendly, and is suitable for synthesizing a DNA coding compound library by using a porous plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coding compound libraries, and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing an On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound in the construction of a DNA coding compound library.
Background
In drug development, especially new drug development, high-throughput screening for biological targets is one of the main means for rapidly obtaining lead compounds. However, traditional high throughput screening based on single molecules requires long time, large equipment investment, limited number of library compounds (millions), and the building of compound libraries requires decades of accumulation, limiting the efficiency and possibility of discovery of lead compounds. The recent DNA-encoded compound library technologies (WO2005058479, WO2018166532, CN103882532) combine the technologies of combinatorial chemistry and molecular biology, add a DNA tag to each compound on the molecular level, and synthesize up to hundred million levels of compound libraries in a very short time, which is a trend of the next generation compound library screening technology, and begin to be widely applied in the pharmaceutical industry, resulting in many positive effects (Accounts of Chemical Research,2014,47, 1247-.
The DNA coding compound library can rapidly generate a giant compound library through combinatorial chemistry, and can screen out a lead compound with high flux, so that the screening of the lead compound becomes unprecedented rapidness and high efficiency. One of the challenges in constructing libraries of DNA-encoding compounds is the need to synthesize chemically diverse small molecules on DNA in high yields. Because DNA can be kept stable under certain conditions (solvent, pH, temperature and ion concentration), the On-DNA reaction applied to the construction of the DNA coding compound library also needs higher yield. Therefore, the reagent type, reaction type and reaction condition of the chemical reaction (On-DNA reaction for short) carried out On DNA directly influence the richness and selectivity of the DNA coding compound library. Therefore, the development of chemical reactions compatible with DNA is also a long-term research and research direction of the current DNA coding compound library technology, and the application and commercial value of the DNA coding compound library are directly influenced.
The pyrazolo pyrimidine compound is an important medicine compound skeleton structure, and introduction of a pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine skeleton into a DNA coding compound library can further expand the diversity of the compound library, and is favorable for improving the probability of screening effective compounds. However, no method for synthesizing On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compounds by On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been reported. Therefore, it is desired to develop a new method for synthesizing On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compounds suitable for large-scale multi-well plate operation, so as to increase the diversity of DNA coding compound libraries and further improve the application value of the DNA coding compound library technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for synthesizing a DNA coding compound library, which has stable storage of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, good substrate universality and small damage to DNA and is suitable for batch operation by using a porous plate, and can quickly convert an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound into an On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound through one-step reaction.
The invention provides a method for synthesizing On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A]A method for preparing pyrimidine compounds, which takes an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound and a 3-aminopyrazole compound as raw materials to react in the presence of alkali and an oxidant to obtain an On-DNA product; wherein the structural formula of the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is shown in the specification
The structural formula of the 3-aminopyrazole compound is shown in the specification
Wherein the DNA in the structural formula comprises a single-stranded or double-stranded nucleotide chain obtained by polymerizing artificially modified and/or unmodified nucleotide monomers, and the nucleotide chain is connected with the rest part in the compound through one or more chemical bonds or groups; the length of the DNA is 10-200 bases.
Wherein, the DNA and R in the structural formula1Or R3Linked by a chemical bond or multiple chemical bonds. When a chemical bond is present, it means DNA and R in the structural formula1Or R3Directly connecting; when there are multiple chemical bonds, it means DNA in the structural formula andR1or R3Are connected with a plurality of chemical bonds at intervals, for example, DNA and R1Or R3Through a methylene group (-CH)2-) are linked, i.e. linked by two chemical bonds; or DNA and R1Or R3The amino group of the DNA is connected with the amino group of the DNA through a carbonyl (-CO-) and is also connected through two chemical bonds; or DNA and R1Or R3Through a methylene carbonyl group (-CH)2CO-) is attached to the amino group of the DNA, again by three consecutive chemical bonds.
R1Selected from the group consisting of groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less which are directly attached to the DNA and carbonyl carbon atoms or are absent;
R2selected from groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly bonded to an alkenyl carbon atom;
R3selected from the group consisting of groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly attached to the DNA and to the alkenyl carbon atom or are absent;
R4selected from groups having a molecular weight below 1000 directly attached to the carbonyl carbon atom;
R5selected from hydrogen or a group having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly bonded to an alkenyl carbon atom;
or R5Are each independently of R1、R2、R3Or R4Looping;
R6、R6' is selected from hydrogen or a group having a molecular weight of 1000 or less and linked to pyrazole, or R6、R6' connected to form a ring.
Preferably, R is1、R2、R3、R4Are respectively selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, carboxyl, 5-10-membered aryl, substituted 5-10-membered aryl, 5-10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group and substituted 5-10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group; wherein the alkyl is C1～C20Alkyl or C3～C8A cycloalkyl group; the number of substituents of the substituted alkyl group is one or more; the substituent of the substituted alkyl is one or more independently selected from halogen, carboxyl, nitro, alkoxy, halogenated phenyl, alkyl phenyl and heterocyclic radical; 5 to 10-membered aryl group substituted by one or more substituents, 5 to EThe substituents of the 10-membered aryl are independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, alkoxy, C1～C20One or more of alkyl and trifluoromethyl; the number of the substituent(s) for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group is one or more, and the substituent(s) for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, alkoxy, C1～C20One or more of alkyl and trifluoromethyl;
the R is5Selected from hydrogen, C1～C20An alkyl group; the R is6、R6' selected from hydrogen, C1～C20Alkyl, phenyl, halogen, -C (O) OR; r is selected from C1～C20An alkyl group; or R6、R6' are linked to form a 5-to 10-membered ring.
Further on;
said R1Selected from phenyl, thienyl;
said R2Selected from phenyl, substituted phenyl, C1～C6Alkyl, carboxyl, pyridyl, substituted pyridyl, furyl; the substituent of the substituted phenyl is selected from carboxyl and C1～C6Alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, C1～C6An alkyl group; the substituent of the substituted pyridyl is selected from C1～C6Alkyl radical, C1～C6An alkoxy group;
said R3Selected from phenyl, thienyl;
said R4Selected from phenyl, substituted phenyl, C1～C6Alkyl, carboxyl, pyridyl, substituted pyridyl, furyl; the substituent of the substituted phenyl is selected from carboxyl and C1～C6Alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, C1～C6An alkyl group; the substituent of the substituted pyridyl is selected from C1～C6Alkyl radical, C1～C6An alkoxy group;
the R is5Selected from hydrogen, C1～C6An alkyl group; the R is6、R6' is selected from hydrogen, methyl, phenyl, bromo, -C (O) OEt; or R6、R6' are linked to form a 6-membered aromatic ring.
The On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is specifically selected from
The 3-aminopyrazole compound is specifically selected from
A method for synthesizing an On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound comprises the steps of adding 10-1000 times of molar equivalent of a 3-aminopyrazole compound and 10-1000 times of molar equivalent of alkali into an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound solution with molar equivalent of 1 and molar concentration of 0.5-5mM, and finally adding 10-500 times of molar equivalent of an oxidant, and reacting for 0.5-24 hours at 10-100 ℃.
Further, the base is selected from sodium borate, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, N-methylmorpholine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, DBU (1, 8-diazabicycloundecen-7-ene), 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2, 6-dimethylpyridine, or N-methylimidazole; preferably, the base is sodium hydroxide.
Further, the oxidant is selected from oxygen, iodine simple substance and K2S2O8Sodium periodate, DDQ (dichlorodicyanoquinone), DTBP (di-tert-butyl peroxide)TBHP (tert-butyl hydroperoxide); preferably, the oxidant is elemental iodine.
Further, the reaction is carried out in a solvent, wherein the solvent is a water-containing mixed solvent of any one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, an inorganic salt buffer solution, an organic acid buffer solution and an organic base buffer solution; preferably, the reaction solvent contains a phosphate buffer.
Furthermore, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 5-7; preferably, the pH is 5.5.
Further, the reaction temperature of the reaction is 10-100 ℃; preferably, the reaction temperature is 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃ or 80 ℃.
Further, the reaction time of the reaction is 0.5-24 hours; preferably, the reaction time is 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, 12 hours, 16 hours or 24 hours.
Further, in the method, the equivalent of the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is 300 equivalents, 400 equivalents and 500 equivalents of the 1, 3-aminopyrazole compound, the equivalent of the base is 300 equivalents, 400 equivalents and 500 equivalents, and the equivalent of the oxidant is 50 equivalents, 100 equivalents and 150 equivalents; most preferably, the molar equivalent of the 3-aminopyrazole compound is 400 equivalents, the molar equivalent of the base is 400 equivalents, and the equivalent of the oxidizing agent is 100 equivalents.
Furthermore, the feeding sequence of the reaction is that an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is added firstly, then a 3-aminopyrazole compound and alkali are added to react for 8 hours at 80 ℃, and finally an oxidant is added to react for 16 hours at 25 ℃.
Further, the above method is used for batch multi-well plate operations.
Further, the above method is used for the synthesis of libraries of DNA-encoding compounds for multi-well plates.
The method can realize the acquisition of the On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound in a DNA coding compound library through the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound, can be widely applied to various On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl substrates, and can introduce various substituted 3-aminopyrazole compounds as synthesis modules in a large scale. The method has high yield and single product, can be carried out in the mixed water phase of an organic solvent/water phase, has simple operation, does not introduce metal reagents, is environment-friendly, and is suitable for synthesizing the DNA coding compound library by using a porous plate.
Definitions of terms used in connection with the present invention: the initial definitions provided herein for a group or term apply to that group or term throughout the specification unless otherwise indicated; for terms not specifically defined herein, the meanings that would be given to them by a person skilled in the art are to be given in light of the disclosure and the context.
"substituted" means that a hydrogen atom in a molecule is replaced by a different atom or molecule.
The minimum and maximum values of the carbon atom content in the hydrocarbon group are indicated by a prefix, e.g. prefix (Ca-C)b) Alkyl means any alkyl group containing from "a" to "b" carbon atoms. Thus, for example, C1～C12The alkyl group is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Alkyl means a straight or branched hydrocarbon radical in an alkane molecule, e.g. methyl-CH3ethyl-CH2CH3methylene-CH2-; the alkyl group may also be part of another group, such as C1～C6Alkoxy radical, C1～C6An alkylamino group.
Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially saturated cyclic group having multiple carbon atoms and no ring heteroatoms, and having a single ring or multiple rings (including fused, bridged, and spiro ring systems).
The halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
Alkoxy means that the alkyl radical is linked to an oxygen atom to form a substituent, e.g. methoxy is-OCH3。
The halophenyl group means a group in which H on a phenyl group is substituted with halogen.
Alkylphenyl refers to a group formed by substituting H on a phenyl group with an alkyl group.
Aryl means an aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic group consisting of C atoms, free of heteroatoms.
The arylheterocyclyl group is a single cyclic group or a plurality of cyclic groups having aromaticity composed of 5 to 10 atoms such as C, O, S, N.
Heterocyclyl is a saturated or unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon radical carrying at least one atom of 3 to 8 selected from O, S, N.
Obviously, many modifications, substitutions, and variations are possible in light of the above teachings of the invention, without departing from the basic technical spirit of the invention, as defined by the following claims.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples. This should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the corresponding transformation rate distribution diagram of the 26 On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compounds obtained in the embodiment 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are known products and are obtained by purchasing commercial products.
DNA-NH in the present invention2Is formed by single-stranded or double-stranded DNA and a linker group and has-NH2DNA constructs for linkers, e.g. DNA-NH of "compound 1" in WO20050584792And (5) structure. Also for example the following DNA structure:
wherein A is adenine, T is thymine, C is cytosine, and G is guanine.
DMSO, DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMA: and (3) dimethylacetamide.
Example 1 Synthesis of On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine Compounds
Step 1, synthesis of On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound
The On-DNA arylethanones (1) were dissolved in a 250mM boric acid buffer at pH 9.4 to prepare a 1mM solution (20. mu.L, 20nmol), benzaldehyde (4000nmol,200 equiv., 200mM DMSO), sodium hydroxide (10000nmol, 500 equiv., 500mM double distilled water) were sequentially added to the solution, and the mixture was mixed well and reacted at 30 ℃ for 1 hour.
And (3) after the reaction is finished, carrying out ethanol precipitation: and adding a 5M sodium chloride solution with the total volume of 10% into the reacted solution, then continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the total volume of 3 times of the total volume, uniformly oscillating, placing the reaction in dry ice for freezing for 0.5 hour, centrifuging for half an hour at the rotating speed of 12000rpm, pouring out the supernatant, and dissolving the rest precipitate with deionized water to obtain the solution of the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound (2).
Step 2, synthesis of On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compound
On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound (2) was dissolved in 500mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) to prepare a 1mM concentration solution (20. mu.L, 20nmol), 3-aminopyrazole (8000nmol, 400 eq, 400mM DMA) and NaOH (8000nmol, 400 eq, 1000mM double distilled water) were added to the solution in this order, and after reaction at 80 ℃ for 8 hours, iodine simple substance I was added to the system2(2000nmol, 100 equivalents, 200mM THF) were mixed well and reacted at 25 ℃ for 16 hours.
And (3) after the reaction is finished, carrying out ethanol precipitation: and adding a 5M sodium chloride solution with the total volume of 10% into the solution after the reaction, then continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the total volume of 3 times of the total volume, after uniformly oscillating, placing the reaction in dry ice for freezing for 0.5 hour, then centrifuging for half an hour at the rotating speed of 12000rpm, pouring out supernatant, dissolving the rest precipitate with deionized water to obtain a solution of the On-DNA product (3), and after quantifying by an enzyme labeling instrument OD, sending LCMS to confirm that the conversion rate of the reaction is 88%.
Example 2 Synthesis of On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine Compounds
An On-DNA α, β -unsaturated carbonyl compound was dissolved in a 500mM phosphate buffer solution having a pH of 5.5 to prepare a 1mM concentration solution (20 μ L,20 nmol), a 3-aminopyrazole compound (8000nmol, 400 eq, 400mM DMA) and NaOH (8000nmol, 400 eq, 1000mM double distilled water) were sequentially added to the solution, the mixture was mixed well, reacted at 80 ℃ for 8 hours, and then iodine simple substance I was added to the system2(2000nmol, 100 equivalents, 200mM THF) were mixed well and reacted at 25 ℃ for 16 hours.
And (3) after the reaction is finished, carrying out ethanol precipitation: and adding a 5M sodium chloride solution with the total volume of 10% into the solution after the reaction, then continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the total volume of 3 times of the total volume, after uniformly oscillating, placing the reaction in dry ice for freezing for 0.5 hour, then centrifuging for half an hour at the rotating speed of 12000rpm, pouring out supernatant, dissolving the rest precipitate with deionized water to obtain a solution of 26 On-DNA products, and after quantifying by an enzyme labeling instrument OD, sending the solution to LCMS to confirm the conversion rate of the reaction.
In summary, the present invention can obtain On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A ] pyrimidine compounds by reacting On-DNA α, β -unsaturated carbonyl compounds with 3-aminopyrazole compounds in the presence of a base and an oxidizing agent by controlling the conditions of solvent, temperature, pH, etc. during the reaction. The method has wide substrate application range, can be carried out in the mixed aqueous phase of an organic solvent/aqueous phase, has simple operation, does not introduce a metal reagent, is environment-friendly, and is suitable for synthesizing a DNA coding compound library by using a porous plate.
Claims (10)
1. Synthesis of On-DNA pyrazolo [1.5-A]A process for preparing a pyrimidine compound, characterized by: the method is to take the On-DNA alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound and 3-aminopyrazole compound are used as raw materials and react in the presence of alkali and oxidant to obtain an On-DNA product; wherein the structural formula of the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is shown in the specification
The structural formula of the 3-aminopyrazole compound is shown in the specification
Wherein the DNA in the structural formula comprises a single-stranded or double-stranded nucleotide chain obtained by polymerizing artificially modified and/or unmodified nucleotide monomers, and the nucleotide chain is connected with the rest part in the compound through one or more chemical bonds or groups;
R1selected from the group consisting of groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less which are directly attached to the DNA and carbonyl carbon atoms or are absent;
R2selected from groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly bonded to an alkenyl carbon atom;
R3selected from the group consisting of groups having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly attached to the DNA and to the alkenyl carbon atom or are absent;
R4selected from groups having a molecular weight below 1000 directly attached to the carbonyl carbon atom;
R5selected from hydrogen or a group having a molecular weight of 1000 or less directly bonded to an alkenyl carbon atom;
or R5Are each independently of R1、R2、R3Or R4Looping;
R6、R6' is selected from hydrogen or a group having a molecular weight of 1000 or less and linked to pyrazole, or R6、R6' connected to form a ring.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: said R1、R2、R3、R4Respectively selectSelected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, carboxyl, 5-10-membered aryl, substituted 5-10-membered aryl, 5-10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group and substituted 5-10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group; wherein the alkyl is C1～C20Alkyl or C3～C8A cycloalkyl group; the number of substituents of the substituted alkyl group is one or more; the substituent of the substituted alkyl is one or more independently selected from halogen, carboxyl, nitro, alkoxy, halogenated phenyl, alkyl phenyl and heterocyclic radical; the number of the substituent for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aryl is one or more, and the substituents for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aryl are independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, alkoxy and C1～C20One or more of alkyl and trifluoromethyl; the number of the substituent(s) for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group is one or more, and the substituent(s) for substituting the 5-to 10-membered aromatic heterocyclic group are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, alkoxy, C1～C20One or more of alkyl and trifluoromethyl;
the R is5Selected from hydrogen, C1～C20An alkyl group; the R is6、R6' selected from hydrogen, C1～C20Alkyl, phenyl, halogen, -C (O) OR; r is selected from C1～C20An alkyl group; or R6、R6' are linked to form a 5-to 10-membered ring.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: adding 10-1000 times molar equivalent of 3-aminopyrazole compound and 10-1000 times molar equivalent of alkali into an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound solution with molar equivalent of 1 and molar concentration of 0.5-5mM, finally adding 10-500 times molar equivalent of oxidant, and reacting for 0.5-24 hours at 10-100 ℃.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the base is selected from sodium borate, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, N-methylmorpholine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 1, 8-diazabicycloundecen-7-ene, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2, 6-dimethylpyridine, or N-methylimidazole.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the oxidant is selected from oxygen, iodine simple substance and K2S2O8Sodium periodate, dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone, di-tert-butyl peroxide or tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the reaction is carried out in a solvent, and the solvent is one or a mixture of water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, an inorganic salt buffer solution, an organic acid buffer solution and an organic base buffer solution.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein: in the method, the molar equivalent of the On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is 300 equivalents, 400 equivalents and 500 equivalents of the 1, 3-aminopyrazole compound, the molar equivalent of the alkali is 300 equivalents, 400 equivalents and 500 equivalents, and the molar equivalent of the oxidant is 50 equivalents, 100 equivalents and 150 equivalents.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein: the feeding sequence of the reaction is that an On-DNA alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is added firstly, then a 3-aminopyrazole compound and alkali are added to react for 8 hours at 80 ℃, and finally an oxidant is added to react for 16 hours at 25 ℃.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method is used for a batch multi-well plate operation.
10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method is used for the synthesis of libraries of DNA-encoding compounds for multi-well plates.
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