CN112921326B - Surface treatment process for automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Surface treatment process for automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112921326B CN112921326B CN202110089950.6A CN202110089950A CN112921326B CN 112921326 B CN112921326 B CN 112921326B CN 202110089950 A CN202110089950 A CN 202110089950A CN 112921326 B CN112921326 B CN 112921326B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/08—Apparatus, e.g. for photomechanical printing surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/32—Alkaline compositions
- C23F1/36—Alkaline compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment process for automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy, which belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and can be used for forcing an infiltration assisting ball to move up and down to form high-frequency impact on the die-cast aluminum alloy by innovatively introducing an infiltration disc and matching with the infiltration assisting ball on the basis of the action of an intermittent magnetic field, so that on one hand, residual oxide skin on the surface of the die-cast aluminum alloy is stripped by inducing resonance and an alkaline etching solution or a degreasing agent is extruded to infiltrate into the die-cast aluminum alloy, on the other hand, after the die-cast aluminum alloy is directly contacted with the die-cast aluminum alloy, the infiltration assisting ring preset inside the die-cast aluminum alloy can be released by triggering the infiltration assisting ball, and an action arc block on the infiltration assisting ring can release a large amount of gas when being dissolved in water, so that the infiltration into the die-cast aluminum alloy can be assisted by the gas extrusion solution, and simultaneously, the oxide skin and grease can be efficiently stripped by utilizing the bubble burst impact force formed by the gas, thereby improving the alkaline etching and degreasing effects and greatly improving the surface treatment effect and the efficiency of the die-cast aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a die-casting aluminum alloy surface treatment process for an automobile part.
Background
The latest national standard "nomenclature and definition of types of cars and trailers" (GB/T3730.1-2001) in our country has the following definitions for cars: power-driven, non-rail-borne vehicles with 4 or more than 4 wheels, mainly used for: carrying personnel and/or goods; a vehicle for towing persons and/or goods; the application is special.
An automobile accessory is a product that constitutes each unit of an automobile as a whole and serves the automobile. Automobile parts are various in types, people consume automobiles more and more along with improvement of living standard of people, and the market of the automobile parts is enlarged more and more. Automobile parts manufacturers have also developed rapidly in recent years.
Most of the automobile parts are aluminum alloy die castings which are widely applied to the fields of electronics, automobiles, motors, communication and the like due to the characteristics of light weight, good mechanical strength, good electric and thermal conductivity, die-casting performance and the like, but the aluminum alloy die castings have inherent or inevitable casting defects such as air holes, sand holes and the like, the surface quality of the die castings can be damaged, the yield is low, and the subsequent processing is not facilitated, so that some surface treatment needs to be carried out on the aluminum alloy die castings, an oxide film generated by carrying out surface treatment on aluminum and aluminum alloy has a decorative effect, a protective performance and a special function, and the electric conductivity, the heat conductivity, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance, the optical performance and the like of the aluminum and the aluminum alloy can be improved.
However, the existing surface treatment process for the die-casting aluminum alloy is complex in process, particularly in the processes of alkaline etching and degreasing, a large amount of solution etching is often adopted, so that the treatment cost is increased, the efficiency is low, environmental pollution is easily caused due to the difficulty in subsequent treatment of a large amount of solution, and particularly for the die-casting aluminum alloy with air holes and sand holes, the traditional treatment process has poor effect and the interior is difficult to cover, so that the surface treatment quality of the die-casting aluminum alloy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a surface treatment process for automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy, which can be used for forcing the infiltration-assisting ball to migrate up and down to form high-frequency impact on the die-cast aluminum alloy by innovatively introducing the infiltration disk and matching with the infiltration-assisting ball under the action of an intermittent magnetic field, on one hand, the residual oxide skin on the surface of the die-cast aluminum alloy is promoted to be peeled off by inducing resonance, and an alkaline etching solution or a degreasing agent is extruded to infiltrate into the die-cast aluminum alloy, on the other hand, the infiltration-assisting ring preset in the die-cast aluminum alloy is triggered to be released after the infiltration-cast aluminum alloy is directly contacted with the infiltration-assisting ball, and an acting arc block on the infiltration-assisting ring releases a large amount of gas when the arc block is dissolved in water, so that the infiltration into the die-cast aluminum alloy can be assisted by the gas extrusion solution, and simultaneously, the oxide skin and the grease can be efficiently peeled off by utilizing the bubble burst impact force formed by the gas, thereby improving the alkaline etching and degreasing effects and greatly improving the surface treatment effect and the efficiency of the die-cast aluminum alloy.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A surface treatment process for automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, spraying high-pressure water to the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, removing dirt attached to the surface, airing and polishing;
s2, performing shot blasting treatment on the die casting aluminum alloy, removing oxide skins on the surface of the die casting, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on the die casting aluminum alloy by using ultrasonic equipment after the shot blasting is finished;
s3, installing the die-casting aluminum alloy into a permeation disc, carrying out alkali etching treatment by aid of an auxiliary permeation ball, and after the alkali etching treatment is finished, replacing an alkali etching solution with a degreasing agent to carry out degreasing treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s4, putting the die-casting aluminum alloy into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis for 10-15min for anodic oxidation treatment, and forming an oxide film layer on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s5, taking out the die-casting aluminum alloy, washing the die-casting aluminum alloy for 3-5 times by flowing water, wherein each time is not less than 10S, and drying the die-casting aluminum alloy for 8-10 min at 80-85 ℃ after washing.
Further, stainless steel shot with the size of 0.25-0.4mm is adopted for shot blasting in the step S2, and the throwing speed is 55-60m/S.
Further, the alkaline etching solution in the step S3 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 30-60 g/g, and the degreasing agent is an acidic degreasing bath solution prepared by adding H2SO4 or H3PO4 to HF, fe, H2O2 and a nonionic surfactant.
Further, the infiltration dish includes disk body, hydrops membrane and magnetic field generator, the hydrops membrane is installed in the disk body inner, magnetic field generator installs in the disk body upper end, and magnetic field generator corresponds with the hydrops membrane, help the infiltration ball and evenly place in hydrops membrane upside.
Further, the use method of the infiltration disk is as follows:
s31, injecting alkaline etching liquid into the accumulated liquid film until the accumulated liquid film reaches a specified liquid level, uniformly putting a plurality of infiltration assisting balls, and installing die-casting aluminum alloy;
s32, starting the magnetic field generator, then immediately closing the magnetic field generator, repeatedly and discontinuously starting and closing the magnetic field generator, and enabling the infiltration-assisting ball to vertically migrate on the inner side of the liquid accumulating membrane to assist the alkali etching liquid to infiltrate into the die-casting aluminum alloy;
and S33, after the alkaline etching treatment is finished, replacing the alkaline etching solution as the degreasing agent, repeating the operation, and recovering the auxiliary seepage ball after the operation is finished.
Further, it includes light hemisphere and counter weight hemisphere to help the ball to ooze a lot, light hemisphere and counter weight hemisphere symmetric connection, the reducing hole has been seted up on the light hemisphere, the downthehole activity of reducing is inlayed and is had the trigger ball, be connected with elastic support rod between trigger ball and the counter weight hemisphere, the cover is equipped with a plurality of rings that help to ooze on the elastic support rod, carries out the shutoff by the trigger ball to the reducing hole under the normal condition, strikes die-casting aluminum alloy after its contact, and the trigger ball moves to the inboard, and the effect arc piece continues to shift up under magnetic field adsorption this moment, shifts out through the gap between trigger ball and the reducing hole to with die-casting aluminum alloy in close contact, then the disintegration reaction releases a large amount of gas, direct action on die-casting aluminum alloy surface, and then improves alkaline etching and degreased effect.
Further, the external diameter of trigger ball is greater than the minimum aperture in reducing hole, is less than the maximum aperture in reducing hole, and the reducing hole reduces from inside to outside aperture gradually, the internal diameter that helps oozing the ring is greater than the external diameter of trigger ball, and the trigger ball both can prevent to help simultaneously oozing the ring and drop, and helps oozing the ring after the trigger ball migration and under magnetic field adsorption, self takes place to shrink deformation and shifts out in order to follow the gap.
Further, help the infiltration ring including carrier base ring, a plurality of effect arc piece and magnetism arc piece, effect arc piece and magnetism arc piece evenly cover on carrier base ring lateral wall, and the carrier base ring is fixed effect arc piece and magnetism arc piece as the carrier, also makes things convenient for the contour machining simultaneously, and the effect arc piece can react when dissolving in aqueous and release a large amount of gases and carry out the effect of supplementary infiltration, and magnetism arc piece then provides magnetism and disperses the effect arc piece.
Furthermore, the carrier base ring is made of elastic materials, the action arc block is made of effervescent disintegrating agents, the effervescent disintegrating agents are special disintegrating agents special for effervescent tablets, the most common effervescent disintegrating agents are mixtures composed of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, acid-base neutralization reaction is carried out when the effervescent disintegrating agents are dissolved in water, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released, the magnetic arc block is made of flexible magnetic materials, the magnetic arc block can be deformed and contracted to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the magnetic arc block has magnetic field adsorption effect of corresponding magnetic field generators.
Further, the anode electrolysis process adopted in the step S4 is a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, the operation temperature is 80-90 ℃, the current density is 10-200A/dm2, and the anode electrolyte in the electrolytic cell is composed of 400-750ml \ L of phosphoric acid, 100-400ml \ L of sulfuric acid, and 10-100g \ L of chromic acid according to the proportion of 3.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the scheme, the infiltration disc can be innovatively introduced and matched with the infiltration assisting ball, the infiltration assisting ball is forced to move up and down to form high-frequency impact on the die-casting aluminum alloy based on the discontinuous magnetic field effect, on one hand, residual oxide skin on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy is promoted to be peeled off by inducing resonance, and the alkali etching solution or the degreasing agent is extruded to permeate into the die-casting aluminum alloy, on the other hand, after the infiltration assisting ring is directly contacted with the die-casting aluminum alloy, the infiltration assisting ring preset inside can be released, an acting arc block on the infiltration assisting ring can release a large amount of gas when being dissolved in water, the infiltration assisting ring can permeate into the die-casting aluminum alloy by the aid of the gas extrusion liquid, meanwhile, the oxide skin and grease can be efficiently peeled off, the alkali etching and degreasing effects are improved, and the surface treatment effect and the efficiency of the die-casting aluminum alloy are greatly improved.
(2) A plurality of balls that help ooze include light hemisphere and counter weight hemisphere, light hemisphere and counter weight hemisphere symmetric connection, the reducing hole has been seted up on the light hemisphere, the downthehole activity of reducing is inlayed and is had the trigger ball, be connected with elastic support rod between trigger ball and the counter weight hemisphere, the cover is equipped with a plurality of rings that help oozes on the elastic support rod, carry out the shutoff by the trigger ball to the reducing hole under the normal condition, strike die-casting aluminum alloy after its contact, the trigger ball moves to the inboard, the effect arc piece continues to shift up under magnetic field adsorption at this moment, shift out through the gap between trigger ball and the reducing hole, and with die-casting aluminum alloy in close contact, then the reaction of disintegrating releases a large amount of gas, direct action is on die-casting aluminum alloy surface, and then improve alkaline erosion and degreased effect.
(3) The external diameter of trigger ball is greater than the minimum aperture in reducing hole, is less than the maximum aperture in reducing hole, and the reducing hole reduces from inside to outside aperture gradually, helps the internal diameter of oozing the ring and is greater than the external diameter of trigger ball, and the trigger ball both can prevent to help simultaneously oozing the ring and drop, and helps oozing the ring after the trigger ball migration and under magnetic field adsorption, self takes place to shrink deformation and shifts out in order to follow the gap.
(4) The help infiltration ring includes carrier base ring, a plurality of effect arc pieces and magnetism arc piece, and effect arc piece and magnetism arc piece evenly cover on carrier base ring lateral wall, and the carrier base ring is fixed effect arc piece and magnetism arc piece as the carrier, also makes things convenient for the contour machining simultaneously, and effect arc piece can react when dissolving in aqueous and release a large amount of gases and carry out the effect of supplementary infiltration, and magnetism arc piece then provides magnetism and disperses effect arc piece.
(5) The carrier base ring is made of elastic materials, the action arc block is made of effervescent disintegrating agents, the effervescent disintegrating agents are special disintegrating agents special for effervescent tablets, the most common effervescent disintegrating agents are mixtures composed of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, acid-base neutralization reaction is carried out when the effervescent disintegrating agents are dissolved in water, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released, the magnetic arc block is made of flexible magnetic materials, the magnetic arc block can be deformed and contracted to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the magnetic arc block has magnetic field adsorption effect of magnetic fields corresponding to magnetic field generators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a permeate pan of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a permeation-assisting ball according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the permeation-assisting ring of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1 disk body, 2 liquid films, 3 magnetic field generators, 4 light hemispheres, 5 counterweight hemispheres, 6 trigger balls, 7 elastic supporting rods, 8 permeation-assisting rings, 81 carrier base rings, 82 action arc blocks and 83 magnetic arc blocks.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary embodiments, rather than exemplary embodiments, and that all other embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a surface treatment process for an automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy includes the following steps:
s1, spraying high-pressure water to the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, removing dirt attached to the surface, airing and polishing;
s2, performing shot blasting treatment on the die casting aluminum alloy, removing oxide skins on the surface of the die casting, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on the die casting aluminum alloy by using ultrasonic equipment after the shot blasting is finished;
s3, installing the die-casting aluminum alloy into a permeation disc, carrying out alkali etching treatment by aid of an auxiliary permeation ball, and after the alkali etching treatment is finished, replacing an alkali etching solution with a degreasing agent to carry out degreasing treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s4, putting the die-casting aluminum alloy into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis for 10min for anodic oxidation treatment, and forming an oxide film layer on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s5, taking out the die-casting aluminum alloy, washing the die-casting aluminum alloy for 3 times by flowing water, wherein each time is not less than 10S, and drying the die-casting aluminum alloy for 8min at 80 ℃ after washing.
In the step S2, stainless steel shot with the size of 0.25mm is adopted for shot blasting treatment, and the casting speed is 55m/S.
The alkaline etching solution in the step S3 adopts a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 30 g/and the degreasing agent adopts an acidic degreasing bath solution prepared by adding H2SO4 or H3PO4 into HF, fe, H2O2 and a nonionic surfactant.
Referring to fig. 2, the infiltration plate includes a plate body 1, a liquid accumulation film 2 and a magnetic field generator 3, the liquid accumulation film 2 is installed at the inner end of the plate body 1, the magnetic field generator 3 is installed at the upper end of the plate body 1, the magnetic field generator 3 corresponds to the liquid accumulation film 2, and the infiltration-assisting balls are uniformly placed on the upper side of the liquid accumulation film 2.
The use method of the infiltration disk is as follows:
s31, injecting alkaline etching liquid into the accumulated liquid film 2 until the liquid film reaches a specified liquid level, then uniformly placing a plurality of infiltration assisting balls, and installing die-casting aluminum alloy;
s32, starting the magnetic field generator 3, then immediately closing the magnetic field generator 3, repeatedly and discontinuously starting and closing the magnetic field generator 3, and enabling the infiltration-assisting ball to vertically migrate on the inner side of the effusion film 2 to assist the alkali etching liquid to infiltrate into the die-cast aluminum alloy;
and S33, after the alkaline etching treatment is finished, replacing the alkaline etching solution as the degreasing agent, repeating the operation, and recovering the auxiliary seepage ball after the operation is finished.
Please refer to fig. 3, each infiltration assisting ball comprises a light hemisphere 4 and a counterweight hemisphere 5, the light hemisphere 4 and the counterweight hemisphere 5 are symmetrically connected, a reducing hole is formed in the light hemisphere 4, a trigger ball 6 is movably embedded in the reducing hole, an elastic supporting rod 7 is connected between the trigger ball 6 and the counterweight hemisphere 5, a plurality of infiltration assisting rings 8 are sleeved on the elastic supporting rod 7, the reducing hole is plugged by the trigger ball 6 in a normal state, the trigger ball 6 moves to the inner side after contacting and impacting the die-casting aluminum alloy, at the moment, the acting arc block 82 continues to move upwards under the magnetic field adsorption action, the arc blocks move out through a gap between the trigger ball 6 and the reducing hole and are in close contact with the die-casting aluminum alloy, then the arc blocks are decomposed to release a large amount of gas, the arc blocks directly act on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, and further improve the effects of alkaline etching and degreasing.
The external diameter of trigger ball 6 is greater than the minimum aperture in reducing hole, is less than the maximum aperture in reducing hole, and the reducing hole reduces from inside to outside aperture gradually, helps the internal diameter of oozing ring 8 to be greater than the external diameter of trigger ball 6, and trigger ball 6 both can prevent to help simultaneously oozing ring 8 and drop, and helps oozing ring 8 under magnetic field adsorption after the migration of trigger ball 6, and self takes place to shrink deformation and shifts out in order to follow the gap.
Referring to fig. 4, the permeation assisting ring 8 includes a carrier base ring 81, a plurality of acting arc blocks 82 and magnetic arc blocks 83, the acting arc blocks 82 and the magnetic arc blocks 83 uniformly cover the outer side wall of the carrier base ring 81, the carrier base ring 81 is used as a carrier to fix the acting arc blocks 82 and the magnetic arc blocks 83, and is also convenient for forming, the acting arc blocks 82 react to release a large amount of gas to assist permeation when dissolved in water, and the magnetic arc blocks 83 provide magnetism and disperse the acting arc blocks 82.
The carrier base ring 81 is made of elastic material, the action arc block 82 is made of effervescent disintegrant, the effervescent disintegrant is special disintegrant for effervescent tablets, the most common is a mixture composed of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, acid-base neutralization reaction occurs when the effervescent disintegrant is dissolved in water, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released, the magnetic arc block 83 is made of flexible magnetic material, the magnetic arc block 83 can not only carry out certain deformation and shrinkage, but also has magnetic field adsorption effect of the magnetic field generator 3 corresponding to magnetism.
The anode electrolysis process adopted in the step S4 is of a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, the operation temperature is 80 ℃, the current density is 10A/dm < 2 >, and the anode electrolyte in the electrolytic cell consists of 400ml \ L phosphoric acid, 100ml \ L sulfuric acid and 10g \ L chromic acid according to the proportion of 3.
Example 2:
a surface treatment process for automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, spraying high-pressure water to the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, removing dirt attached to the surface, airing and polishing;
s2, performing shot blasting treatment on the die casting aluminum alloy, removing oxide skin on the surface of a die casting, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on the die casting aluminum alloy by using ultrasonic equipment after the shot blasting is finished;
s3, installing the die-casting aluminum alloy into a permeation disc, carrying out alkali etching treatment by aid of an auxiliary permeation ball, and after the alkali etching treatment is finished, replacing an alkali etching solution with a degreasing agent to carry out degreasing treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s4, putting the die-casting aluminum alloy into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis for 12min for anodic oxidation treatment, and forming an oxide film layer on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s5, taking out the die-casting aluminum alloy, washing the die-casting aluminum alloy for 4 times by flowing water, wherein each time is not less than 10S, and drying the die-casting aluminum alloy for 9min at 82 ℃.
In the step S2, stainless steel shot with the size of 0.3mm is adopted for shot blasting treatment, and the casting speed is 58m/S.
The anode electrolysis process adopted in the step S4 is phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, the operation temperature is 85 ℃, the current density is 100A/dm < 2 >, and the anode electrolyte in the electrolytic cell consists of 600ml \ L phosphoric acid, 250ml \ L sulfuric acid and 50g \ L chromic acid according to the proportion of 3.
The remainder was in accordance with example 1.
Example 3:
a surface treatment process for automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, spraying high-pressure water to the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, removing dirt attached to the surface, airing and polishing;
s2, performing shot blasting treatment on the die casting aluminum alloy, removing oxide skins on the surface of the die casting, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on the die casting aluminum alloy by using ultrasonic equipment after the shot blasting is finished;
s3, installing the die-casting aluminum alloy into a permeation disc, carrying out alkali etching treatment by the aid of an auxiliary permeation ball, and after the alkali etching treatment is finished, replacing an alkali etching solution with a degreasing agent to carry out degreasing treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s4, putting the die-casting aluminum alloy into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis for 15min for anodic oxidation treatment, and forming an oxide film layer on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s5, taking out the die-casting aluminum alloy, washing the die-casting aluminum alloy for 5 times by flowing water, wherein each time is not less than 10S, and drying the die-casting aluminum alloy for 10min at 85 ℃ after washing.
In the step S2, stainless steel shot with the size of 0.4mm is adopted for shot blasting treatment, and the casting speed is 60m/S.
The anode electrolysis process adopted in the step S4 is a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, the operation temperature is 90 ℃, the current density is 200A/dm < 2 >, and the anode electrolyte in the electrolytic cell consists of 750ml \ L phosphoric acid, 400ml \ L sulfuric acid and 100g \ L chromic acid according to the proportion of 3.
The remainder was in accordance with example 1.
According to the invention, a permeation disc is innovatively introduced and matched with a permeation-assisting ball, the permeation-assisting ball is forced to move up and down to form high-frequency impact on the die-casting aluminum alloy based on the action of a discontinuous magnetic field, on one hand, the peeling of residual oxide skin on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy is promoted by inducing resonance, and an alkaline etching solution or a degreasing agent is extruded to permeate into the die-casting aluminum alloy, on the other hand, after the permeation-assisting ball directly contacts the die-casting aluminum alloy, the permeation-assisting ring 8 preset inside the die-casting aluminum alloy is triggered to release, an action arc block 82 on the permeation-assisting ring 8 releases a large amount of gas when being dissolved in water, the permeation into the die-casting aluminum alloy can be assisted by the gas extrusion liquid, and meanwhile, the bubble burst impact force formed by the gas is utilized, so that the oxide skin and grease can be efficiently peeled off, the alkaline etching and degreasing effects are improved, and the surface treatment effect and efficiency of the die-casting aluminum alloy are greatly improved.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The surface treatment process for the automobile part die-casting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, spraying high-pressure water to the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy, removing dirt attached to the surface, airing and polishing;
s2, performing shot blasting treatment on the die casting aluminum alloy, removing oxide skins on the surface of the die casting, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on the die casting aluminum alloy by using ultrasonic equipment after the shot blasting is finished;
s3, installing the die-casting aluminum alloy into a permeation disc, carrying out alkali etching treatment by aid of an auxiliary permeation ball, and after the alkali etching treatment is finished, replacing an alkali etching solution with a degreasing agent to carry out degreasing treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s4, putting the die-casting aluminum alloy into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis for 10-15min for anodic oxidation treatment, and forming an oxide film layer on the surface of the die-casting aluminum alloy;
s5, taking out the die-casting aluminum alloy, washing the die-casting aluminum alloy for 3-5 times by flowing water, wherein each time is not less than 10S, and drying the die-casting aluminum alloy for 8-10 min at 80-85 ℃ after washing;
the infiltration dish includes disk body (1), hydrops membrane (2) and magnetic field generator (3), it is inner in disk body (1) to deposit liquid membrane (2), magnetic field generator (3) are installed in disk body (1) upper end, and magnetic field generator (3) are corresponding with hydrops membrane (2), help the infiltration ball and evenly place in hydrops membrane (2) upside, the application method of infiltration dish is as follows:
s31, injecting alkaline etching liquid into the liquid accumulation film (2) until the liquid accumulation film reaches a specified liquid level, then uniformly putting a plurality of permeation-assisting balls, and installing die-casting aluminum alloy;
s32, starting the magnetic field generator (3), then immediately closing the magnetic field generator, repeatedly and discontinuously starting and closing the magnetic field generator (3), and enabling the infiltration-assisting ball to move up and down on the inner side of the effusion film (2) to assist the alkali etching liquid to infiltrate into the die-casting aluminum alloy;
and S33, after the alkaline etching treatment is finished, replacing the alkaline etching solution as the degreasing agent, repeating the operation, and recovering the auxiliary seepage ball after the operation is finished.
2. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, stainless steel shot with the size of 0.25-0.4mm is adopted for shot blasting treatment, and the casting speed is 55-60m/S.
3. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alkaline etching solution in the step S3 adopts a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 30-60 g/H, and the degreasing agent adopts H 2 SO 4 H 3 PO 4 Adding HF, fe and H 2 O 2 And a nonionic surfactant.
4. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: a help and ooze the ball and include light hemisphere (4) and counter weight hemisphere (5), light hemisphere (4) and counter weight hemisphere (5) symmetric connection, the reducing hole has been seted up on light hemisphere (4), the downthehole movable mosaic of reducing has trigger ball (6), be connected with between trigger ball (6) and counter weight hemisphere (5) elastic strut (7), the cover is equipped with a plurality of help and oozes ring (8) on elastic strut (7).
5. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: the external diameter of trigger ball (6) is greater than the minimum aperture in reducing hole, is less than the maximum aperture in reducing hole, and reducing hole reduces from inside to outside aperture gradually, the internal diameter that helps ooze ring (8) is greater than the external diameter of trigger ball (6).
6. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: the infiltration-assisting ring (8) comprises a carrier base ring (81), a plurality of action arc blocks (82) and magnetic arc blocks (83), wherein the action arc blocks (82) and the magnetic arc blocks (83) uniformly cover the outer side wall of the carrier base ring (81).
7. The surface treatment process of the automobile part die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: the carrier base ring (81) is made of elastic materials, the action arc block (82) is made of effervescent disintegrant, and the magnetic arc block (83) is made of flexible magnetic materials.
8. The surface treatment process for the die-cast aluminum alloy of the automobile part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anode electrolysis process adopted in the step S4 is of a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, the operation temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the current density is 10-200A/dm 2 The anolyte in the electrolytic cell is composed of 400-750mL/L phosphoric acid, 100-400mL/L sulfuric acid and 10-100g/L chromic acid according to the proportion of 3.
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