CN112267135A - Zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for vacuum brake booster shell of new energy automobile - Google Patents
Zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for vacuum brake booster shell of new energy automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112267135A CN112267135A CN202011118477.1A CN202011118477A CN112267135A CN 112267135 A CN112267135 A CN 112267135A CN 202011118477 A CN202011118477 A CN 202011118477A CN 112267135 A CN112267135 A CN 112267135A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
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Abstract
A zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for a vacuum brake booster shell of a new energy automobile. Relates to the improvement of the electroplating process of the vacuum brake booster of the new energy automobile. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the shell of the vacuum brake booster of the new energy automobile, which is firm in combination of a zinc-nickel layer and not easy to generate a rust phenomenon, is provided. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of oil removal, rust removal, electroplating, passivation and drying. The workpiece is not easy to rust and the surface treatment is carried out by adopting a plurality of steps, so that the binding force between the coating and the workpiece is enhanced, and the coating has strong binding force and is not easy to fall off.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile electroplating process, in particular to improvement of an electroplating process of a vacuum brake booster of a new energy automobile.
Background
With the development of new energy automobiles, the number of accessories applied to the new energy automobiles is increased, and the quality requirements are higher and more demanding. The conventional vacuum booster case for the new energy automobile is subjected to chemical oil removal, ultrasonic oil removal, hot water washing, anode electrolysis No. 1, water washing, hydrochloric acid pickling, water washing, anode electrolysis No. 2, water washing, activation, water washing, pre-dipping, zinc-nickel alloy electroplating, water washing, dehydration, water blowing, drying, lower hanging to measure the film thickness, dehydrogenation, upper hanging, ultrasonic hot water washing, light emitting, water washing, passivation, water washing, water blowing, drying, lower hanging to case loading and other procedures to carry out finished product testing, and the conventional hydrochloric acid pickling is adopted, so that the bonding force of a zinc-nickel coating cannot be ensured for a long time or heating pickling period of pickling, and the coating often falls off;
after dehydrogenation, the surface of the product is corroded and oxidized to change color due to residual water stains, so that the subsequent passivation effect is seriously influenced, the appearance is poor, and the salt spray performance is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for a shell of a vacuum brake booster of a new energy automobile, which has firm combination of a zinc-nickel layer and is not easy to generate a rust phenomenon.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for a vacuum brake booster shell of a new energy automobile comprises the following steps:
oil removal, namely removing oil stains on the surface of a workpiece;
rust removal, namely removing rust on the surface to expose the surface of clean metal;
electroplating, namely electroplating a zinc-nickel alloy coating on the surface of the workpiece;
passivating, namely passivating the coating by using trivalent chromium passivation solution;
and a drying step, drying the surface of the workpiece, and aging the passivation layer.
The oil removing step comprises the following steps:
chemical degreasing, namely removing oil stains on the surface by using a degreasing powder SF301 solution, and keeping the surface clean;
ultrasonic oil removal, namely removing oil stains which cannot be removed in the chemical oil removal step, and further cleaning the surface;
a hot water washing step of removing chemical agents remaining on the surface;
in the first anode electrolysis step, SF303A is adopted to electrolyze degreasing powder to remove residual oil stains on the surface.
The rust removing step comprises the following steps:
an acid washing step, namely uniformly corroding the surface of the space,
a second anode electrolysis step, wherein electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A is adopted for electrolysis, and hanging ash generated on the surface of the workpiece in the acid washing process is removed through electrolysis;
and an activation step, namely removing the oxide film generated on the surface of the workpiece in the second anode electrolysis step by dilute hydrochloric acid to expose a clean metal surface.
The electroplating step comprises:
a pre-dipping step, namely neutralizing and removing the residual dilute hydrochloric acid on the surface of the workpiece in the activation step by adopting an alkaline solution;
a plating layer generation step, namely immersing the workpiece into electroplating liquid to generate a zinc-nickel alloy plating layer on the surface of the workpiece;
a dehydration step, soaking by adopting an aqueous solution of N-20 dehydrating agent, destroying a water film on the surface of the workpiece and forming a dehydrating agent film on the surface of the workpiece;
a primary water blowing step, wherein the surface of the workpiece is blown by dry high-pressure air to remove residual water stains, and the primary water blowing step is repeated for at least three times;
drying, namely putting the workpiece into an oven for drying, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
a dehydrogenation step, wherein the workpiece is sent into an oven for baking, and residual hydrogen atoms on the workpiece are removed;
a water washing step, namely placing the workpiece into a hot water tank for ultrasonic cleaning, removing residual ash on the surface of the workpiece, cooling the workpiece to room temperature, and then placing the workpiece into cold water for cold water washing;
step of emitting light
And putting the workpiece washed by the cold water into a light-emitting groove, immersing the workpiece into light-emitting liquid, and removing an oxide layer generated on the surface of the workpiece in the dehydrogenation step.
And in the passivation step, trivalent chromium passivation solution is adopted, the workpiece is placed into the passivation solution, a chromium-containing passivation layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece is placed into water for washing after the passivation layer is formed.
And the passivation step also comprises a secondary water blowing step and a drying step, the secondary water blowing step is used for drying the residual water after water washing, and the drying step is used for drying the workpiece after secondary water blowing in an oven to obtain a finished product, and the finished product is finished.
In the chemical degreasing step, the content of SF301 in the degreasing powder SF301 solution is 80-120 g/L, the immersion time of the workpiece in the degreasing powder SF301 solution is 5-10min, and the immersion time of the workpiece is 5-10 min;
in the ultrasonic oil removing step, the ultrasonic frequency is more than or equal to 15KHz, the cleaning solvent in the ultrasonic oil removing step is an oil removing powder SF301 solution, the content of the oil removing powder SF301 in the oil removing powder SF301 solution is 20-30g/L, and the time of the ultrasonic oil removing step is more than or equal to 5 min;
electrolyte in the first anode electrolysis step is electrolytic oil removal powder SF303A solution, the concentration of electrolytic oil removal powder SF303A in the electrolytic oil removal powder SF303A solution is 120-150 g/L, the electrolysis time of the first anode electrolysis step is 3-6min, the temperature of the electrolyte is 40-60 ℃, and the current density of the first anode electrolysis step is 2-5A/dm2。
The concentration of the mixed acid solution in the pickling step is 30-50% of the volume concentration, the time for soaking the workpiece in the mixed acid solution is 2-4min, and the mixed acid is prepared by mixing hydrochloric acid and nitric acid according to the weight ratio of 3: 7;
the temperature of the electrolyte in the second anode electrolysis step is 35-50 ℃, electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A solution with the concentration of 120-150 g/L is used as the electrolyte for electrolysis, and the electrolysis time is 3-6 min;
the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the activation step is 10-20% by volume, and the activation time in the activation step is 30-60S.
The alkaline solution in the pre-soaking step is a sodium hydroxide solution, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 20-50 g/L, and the duration of the pre-soaking step is 10-30S;
in the plating layer generating step, a workpiece is a cathode in an electroplating process, an electroplating solution is an alkaline Zn-Ni electroplating solution to form a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer containing 12% -16% of Ni metal, the sodium hydroxide content in the electroplating solution is 120-140 g/L, the zinc ion content is 6-9 g/L, the nickel ion content is 0.6-1.0 g/L, the main current intensity in the plating layer generating step is 550-650A/femto, the auxiliary current intensity is 550-650A/femto, the electroplating time is 4500-5500S, and the electroplating solution temperature is 20-30 ℃;
the concentration of the dehydrating agent N-20 in the dehydrating step is controlled by measuring the pH value, and the pH value range is 9.0-9.7;
in the drying step, the temperature of an oven is 60-80 ℃, and the baking time is 15-25 min;
in the dehydrogenation step, the temperature of the oven is 220 +/-10 ℃, the baking time is 24 hours, and the oven is naturally cooled to room temperature after dehydrogenation is finished;
the temperature of hot water in the hot water tank is 50-60 ℃, and the washing time is 5 min;
the pH value of the light emitting liquid in the light emitting step is 3.0-4.0.
The concentration of trivalent chromium in the trivalent chromium passivation solution is 50-100 mL/L, the pH value of the trivalent chromium passivation solution is 4-5, the passivation time in the passivation step is 50-80S, the temperature of an oven in the drying step is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time in the drying step is 15 min.
Compared with the prior art, according to the process flow, through a plurality of production tests, various properties of the product meet the technical requirements, and the salt spray test completely meets the requirements; except that white rust does not appear in 168 hours, red rust does not appear in 2000 hours, which is far beyond the requirement that red rust does not appear in 1200 hours. Therefore, the workpiece is not easy to rust and the surface treatment is carried out by adopting a plurality of steps, so that the binding force between the coating and the workpiece is enhanced, and the coating has strong binding force and is not easy to fall off.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
A zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for a vacuum brake booster shell of a new energy automobile comprises the following steps:
in the oil removing step, most surfaces of products needing electroplating or surface treatment have certain greasy dirt or rust. The degreasing treatment is required because the degreasing treatment is not performed, the plating is not performed, or even if the plating layer is formed under an alkaline condition, the bonding force is poor. The oil stain on the surface of the product is removed by the saponification of alkali and the emulsification of the surfactant at a higher temperature by adopting a mixed solution of the alkali and the surfactant. I adopt SF301 to remove oil powder, and the oil powder consists of alkali and a surfactant. Removing oil stains on the surface by using an oil removal powder SF301 solution, and keeping the surface clean; the content of SF301 in the oil removing powder SF301 solution is 80-120 g/L, the time for immersing the workpiece into the oil removing powder SF301 solution is 5-10min, and the time for immersing the workpiece is 5-10 min.
And after the chemical oil removal is finished, ultrasonic oil removal is carried out, so that oil stains which cannot be removed in the chemical oil removal step are removed, and the surface is further cleaned. Cleaning solvent is deoiling powder SF301 solution in the ultrasonic wave deoiling, deoiling powder SF301 content is 20-30g/L in the deoiling powder SF301 solution, the time more than or equal to 5min of ultrasonic wave deoiling step. The ultrasonic wave generator emits a high-frequency oscillation signal generated by high frequency (the frequency is more than or equal to 15KHZ), the high-frequency oscillation signal is converted into mechanical oscillation through the transducer and is transmitted into a medium cleaning solvent, ultrasonic waves are radiated forwards at intervals in a cleaning liquid to enable the liquid to flow to generate tens of thousands of micro-bubbles, the micro-bubbles (cavitation nuclei) in the liquid vibrate under the action of a sound field, when the sound pressure reaches a certain value, the bubbles rapidly grow and are suddenly closed, shock waves are generated when the bubbles are closed, thousands of atmospheric pressure is generated around the bubbles, insoluble dirt is damaged to disperse the micro-bubbles in the cleaning liquid, when community particles are wrapped by oil and adhered to the surface of a cleaning piece, the oil is emulsified, and solid particles are separated, so that the purpose of cleaning the surface of the cleaning piece is achieved. Ultrasonic oil removal has very obvious oil removal effect on corners, deep holes and the like in workpieces.
After ultrasonic oil removal is finished, electrolytic oil removal is carried out again, anode electrolysis is adopted, a workpiece is used as an anode, a large amount of oxygen is generated on the surface, an oil film on the surface of the product is torn into countless small blocks, and the small blocks are continuously wrapped by the surfactant, so that the surface of the product is separated from the surface of the product, the surface of the product is hydrophilic and wet, and the oil removal effect is achieved. Except that positive pole electrolysis deoiling, also cathodic electrolysis deoiling, the product is as the negative pole promptly, and the surface produces hydrogen, and the effect of electrolysis deoiling is superior to chemical deoiling greatly, adopts 303A electricity to remove oil powder, comprises alkali and surfactant active, and wherein, the concentration of electrolysis deoiling powder SF303A is 120 ~ 150g/L in electrolysis deoiling powder SF303A solution, positive pole electrolysis deoiling for the first timeThe electrolysis time of the step is 3-6min, the temperature of the electrolyte is 40-60 ℃, and the current density of the first anode electrolysis step is 2-5A/dm2. A cathode electrolytic method is not adopted, a large amount of hydrogen is formed on the surface of the workpiece in the cathode electrolytic process, so that the workpiece is easy to have hydrogen embrittlement, and the brittleness of the workpiece is increased.
After the oil removal, a rust removal step is needed, and the raw materials are rusted and are not removed, or are not electroplated, or have poor binding force or poor appearance, so the rust removal by acid washing is needed. The common hydrochloric acid is used as a pickling solution, so that rust removal is performed, the surface of a product base material is slightly corroded, and the binding force is increased. In view of the particularity of the material of the product, the problem of poor binding force cannot be solved by adopting conventional hydrochloric acid pickling, so that the mixed acid prepared by self research is adopted to effectively, uniformly and slightly corrode the surface of the product, and the binding force of a coating is ensured. This is the key to ensure the binding force of the zinc-nickel coating. The concentration of the mixed acid solution is 30-50% of the volume concentration, the time for soaking the workpiece in the mixed acid solution is 2-4min, and the mixed acid is prepared by mixing hydrochloric acid and nitric acid according to the weight ratio of 3:7, so that the rust removing effect is better, and the rust surface residue is less. After acid washing, a layer of slight hanging ash exists on the surface, and the binding force is seriously influenced if the layer of slight hanging ash is not removed, so that electrolysis (second anode electrolysis) is performed again, parameters of electrolysis time, electrolyte temperature, concentration of electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A and current density are consistent with parameters of the first anode electrolysis, and a large amount of oxygen is generated on the surface of a workpiece by the second anode electrolysis, so that the hanging ash on the surface of the product is completely removed, the surface cleanness of the product is ensured, and the binding force is ensured. After the second anode electrolysis, a layer of alkaline oxide film is formed on the surface of the product, and diluted hydrochloric acid is adopted to remove the alkaline oxide film, so that the clean metal surface is exposed, and the binding force after electroplating is ensured. Wherein the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10-20% by volume percentage. And (4) after activation, entering an electroplating step.
In the electroplating step, a pre-soaking step is added before direct electroplating, and the workpiece is soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 20-50 g/L, and the duration is 10-30S. Because the activated product is washed by water, but the surface of the activated product is slightly acidic, if the activated product directly enters alkaline zinc-nickel bath solution, sodium hydroxide in the bath solution can be neutralized, the content of harmful impurities such as chloride ions is increased, and the stability and the performance of the bath solution are influenced, therefore, a pre-soaking tank is added between the activation tank and the bath tank, and the very small amount of acid on the surface of the activated product is neutralized, so that the stability of the bath solution is ensured.
The method comprises the steps of pre-immersing a workpiece, then electroplating to generate a coating, immersing the workpiece into an electroplating solution, wherein the workpiece is a cathode in the electroplating process, the electroplating solution is an alkaline Zn-Ni electroplating solution, a Zn-Ni alloy coating containing Ni metal in an amount of 12% -16% is formed, the content of sodium hydroxide in the electroplating solution is 120-140 g/L, the content of zinc ions in the electroplating solution is 6-9 g/L, the content of nickel ions in the electroplating solution is 0.6-1.0 g/L, the main current intensity in the coating generation step is 550-650A/femto, the auxiliary current intensity is 550-650A/femto, and the main current is used for electroplating the workpiece. The electroplating time is 4500-5500S, and the electroplating solution temperature is 20-30 ℃; under alkaline conditions, Zn2+And Ni2+All exist in the form of complex ions through a complexing agent, and Zn exists under the action of direct current2+And Ni2+Obtaining electrons, changing the electrons into metal Zn and metal Ni which are jointly deposited on the surface of a product to form Zn-Ni alloy; by controlling Zn2+And Ni2+The concentration ratio is used to control the content of metal Ni in the coating to be between 12 and 16 percent, and the rest is metal Zn.
The sodium hydroxide in the electroplating solution plays a conductive role and simultaneously forms a complex with weaker stability with zinc ions, so that the zinc ions are prevented from generating precipitation. The zinc ions provide the required metal zinc in the alloy coating and are supplemented by the dissolution of zinc balls. Nickel ion: providing needed metal nickel in the alloy coating, and supplementing the metal nickel by a nickel salt solution in the electroplating process.
After the electroplating is finished, water washing is needed to remove the electroplating solution, and after the water washing, a uniform water film is formed on the surface of the workpiece, so that dewatering is needed by adopting a dewatering agent, the workpiece is soaked by adopting an N-20 dewatering agent aqueous solution, and the dewatering agent is called a water repellent and has the function of changing the surface of the product from a hydrophilic state to a non-hydrophilic state. After the workpiece is soaked, the water on the surface is not in an even and continuous water film state any more, only a small amount of water is left, and the water is in a small and fine water bead shape, so that when the workpiece is blown with water at the back, the workpiece can be blown with water cleanly, water marks are not left on the surface of the workpiece basically, and meanwhile, the dehydrating agent is an organic matter, a dehydrating agent film is formed on the surface of the workpiece, and the effect of protecting a plating layer can be achieved. In the subsequent dehydrogenation step, zinc is used as an amphoteric metal and is easy to oxidize and discolor under the conditions of high temperature and long time; if residual water exists, the corrosion is easy to occur, and the passivation after the dehydrogenation step is very unfavorable. By using the dehydration process, due to the protection of the dehydrating agent film, water stains are reduced, oxidation discoloration is blocked, and the subsequent passivation treatment is greatly facilitated. The concentration was controlled by measuring the pH, ranging from 9.0 to 9.7, with periodic replacement.
And the water blowing step is used for removing residual water marks on the surface of the workpiece, and the water blowing step is repeated for three times to blow water drops on the surface and the inner cavity of the product cleanly. The air compressor needs to drain water regularly to ensure air blowing and drying, otherwise, water stains, black spots and black spots are generated on the surface of the product, and the product can only be re-plated. And (3) after water is blown, putting the workpiece into a baking oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for baking for 15-25min, and keeping the surface of the workpiece dry.
After drying, the workpiece is naturally cooled to room temperature and then enters a special oven, the temperature of the oven is 220 +/-10 ℃, and the workpiece is baked to remove hydrogen for 24 hours, so that hydrogen atoms in the coating or in the base material are removed, and hydrogen embrittlement is eliminated. After 24 hours, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature again.
After dehydrogenation, the mixture enters a hot water tank at the temperature of 50-60 ℃, ultrasonic waves are started, and cleaning is carried out for 5 min. After the product is dehydrogenated at high temperature for a long time, the organic dehydrating agent on the surface is completely volatilized and decomposed, the product enters water, the surface is completely hydrophilic, the subsequent passivation can be smoothly carried out, the product is ultrasonically washed in a hot water tank, and the residual ash possibly remained on the surface of the product after the water repellent is volatilized and decomposed is not cleaned. And after the hot water washing is finished, the mixture enters cold water washing, the mixture enters a light-emitting groove after the cold water washing, light-emitting liquid is prepared by adopting citric acid, and the pH value is controlled to be 3-4 and is slightly acidic. After the product is dehydrogenated, a very thin oxide layer is formed on the surface of the product, and the oxide layer enters the brightening liquid to be neutralized, so that the subsequent passivation is facilitated.
In the passivation step, a workpiece is immersed in a passivation solution containing chromium (trivalent chromium), the concentration of the passivation solution containing trivalent chromium is 50-100 mL/L, the pH value is controlled to be 4-5, and a passivation time is 50-80s, so that a chromium-containing passivation film protective layer with complex components is formed on the surface of a coating in the passivation process of trivalent chromium and zinc. The trivalent chromium has little pollution and is environment-friendly passivation.
After passivation is completed, the workpiece is placed in an oven at 60-80 ℃ to be baked for 15min, the passivation layer is aged, the appearance is uniform after passivation, according to the process flow, through multiple production tests, all properties of the product meet the technical requirements, and the salt spray test completely meets the requirements; except that white rust does not appear in 168 hours, red rust does not appear in 2000 hours, which is far beyond the requirement that red rust does not appear in 1200 hours. Therefore, the workpiece is not easy to rust and the surface treatment is carried out by adopting a plurality of steps, so that the binding force between the coating and the workpiece is enhanced, and the coating has strong binding force and is not easy to fall off.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for a new energy automobile vacuum brake booster shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
oil removal, namely removing oil stains on the surface of a workpiece;
rust removal, namely removing rust on the surface to expose the surface of clean metal;
electroplating, namely electroplating a zinc-nickel alloy coating on the surface of the workpiece;
passivating, namely passivating the coating by using trivalent chromium passivation solution;
and a drying step, drying the surface of the workpiece, and aging the passivation layer.
2. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the oil removing step comprises the following steps:
chemical degreasing, namely removing oil stains on the surface by using a degreasing powder SF301 solution, and keeping the surface clean;
ultrasonic oil removal, namely removing oil stains which cannot be removed in the chemical oil removal step, and further cleaning the surface;
a hot water washing step of removing chemical agents remaining on the surface;
in the first anode electrolysis step, SF303A is adopted to electrolyze degreasing powder to remove residual oil stains on the surface.
3. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the rust removing step comprises the following steps of:
an acid washing step, namely uniformly corroding the surface of the space,
a second anode electrolysis step, wherein electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A is adopted for electrolysis, and hanging ash generated on the surface of the workpiece in the acid washing process is removed through electrolysis;
and an activation step, namely removing the oxide film generated on the surface of the workpiece in the second anode electrolysis step by dilute hydrochloric acid to expose a clean metal surface.
4. The new energy automobile vacuum brake booster casing zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electroplating step comprises:
a pre-dipping step, namely neutralizing and removing the residual dilute hydrochloric acid on the surface of the workpiece in the activation step by adopting an alkaline solution;
a plating layer generation step, namely immersing the workpiece into electroplating liquid to generate a zinc-nickel alloy plating layer on the surface of the workpiece;
a dehydration step, soaking by adopting an aqueous solution of N-20 dehydrating agent, destroying a water film on the surface of the workpiece and forming a dehydrating agent film on the surface of the workpiece;
a primary water blowing step, wherein the surface of the workpiece is blown by dry high-pressure air to remove residual water stains, and the primary water blowing step is repeated for at least three times;
drying, namely putting the workpiece into an oven for drying, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
a dehydrogenation step, wherein the workpiece is sent into an oven for baking, and residual hydrogen atoms on the workpiece are removed;
a water washing step, namely placing the workpiece into a hot water tank for ultrasonic cleaning, removing residual ash on the surface of the workpiece, cooling the workpiece to room temperature, and then placing the workpiece into cold water for cold water washing;
step of emitting light
And putting the workpiece washed by the cold water into a light-emitting groove, immersing the workpiece into light-emitting liquid, and removing an oxide layer generated on the surface of the workpiece in the dehydrogenation step.
5. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the passivation step adopts trivalent chromium passivation solution, the workpiece is placed into the passivation solution, a chromium-containing passivation layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece is placed into water for washing after the passivation layer is formed.
6. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 5, wherein the passivating step further comprises a secondary water blowing step and a drying step, the secondary water blowing step is used for drying water remained after water washing, and the drying step is used for drying a workpiece subjected to secondary water blowing in an oven to obtain a finished product, and the finished product is finished.
7. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 2, wherein in the chemical degreasing step, the content of SF301 in a degreasing powder SF301 solution is 80-120 g/L, the time for immersing the workpiece in the degreasing powder SF301 solution is 5-10min, and the time for immersing the workpiece is 5-10 min;
in the ultrasonic oil removing step, the ultrasonic frequency is more than or equal to 15KHz, the cleaning solvent in the ultrasonic oil removing step is an oil removing powder SF301 solution, the content of the oil removing powder SF301 in the oil removing powder SF301 solution is 20-30g/L, and the time of the ultrasonic oil removing step is more than or equal to 5 min;
the electrolyte in the first anode electrolysis step is an electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A solution, and electrolytic degreasing powder is removed from the electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A solutionThe concentration of SF303A is 120-150 g/L, the electrolysis time of the first anode electrolysis step is 3-6min, the temperature of the electrolyte is 40-60 ℃, and the current density of the first anode electrolysis step is 2-5A/dm2。
8. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 3, wherein in the pickling step, the concentration of a mixed acid solution is 30-50% by volume, the workpiece is soaked in the mixed acid solution for 2-4min, and the mixed acid is prepared by mixing hydrochloric acid and nitric acid according to a weight ratio of 3: 7;
the temperature of the electrolyte in the second anode electrolysis step is 35-50 ℃, electrolytic degreasing powder SF303A solution with the concentration of 120-150 g/L is used as the electrolyte for electrolysis, and the electrolysis time is 3-6 min;
the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the activation step is 10-20% by volume, and the activation time in the activation step is 30-60S.
9. The new energy automobile vacuum brake booster casing zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process as claimed in claim 4,
the alkaline solution in the pre-soaking step is a sodium hydroxide solution, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 20-50 g/L, and the duration of the pre-soaking step is 10-30S;
in the plating layer generating step, a workpiece is a cathode in an electroplating process, an electroplating solution is an alkaline Zn-Ni electroplating solution to form a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer containing 12% -16% of Ni metal, the sodium hydroxide content in the electroplating solution is 120-140 g/L, the zinc ion content is 6-9 g/L, the nickel ion content is 0.6-1.0 g/L, the main current intensity in the plating layer generating step is 550-650A/femto, the auxiliary current intensity is 550-650A/femto, the electroplating time is 4500-5500S, and the electroplating solution temperature is 20-30 ℃;
the concentration of the dehydrating agent N-20 in the dehydrating step is controlled by measuring the pH value, and the pH value range is 9.0-9.7;
in the drying step, the temperature of an oven is 60-80 ℃, and the baking time is 15-25 min;
in the dehydrogenation step, the temperature of the oven is 220 +/-10 ℃, the baking time is 24 hours, and the oven is naturally cooled to room temperature after dehydrogenation is finished;
the temperature of hot water in the hot water tank is 50-60 ℃, and the washing time is 5 min;
the pH value of the light emitting liquid in the light emitting step is 3.0-4.0.
10. The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process for the vacuum brake booster shell of the new energy automobile according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of trivalent chromium in the trivalent chromium passivation solution is 50-100 mL/L, the pH value of the trivalent chromium passivation solution is 4-5, the passivation time in the passivation step is 50-80S, the oven temperature in the drying step is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time in the drying step is 15 min.
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