CN112919856A - 一种纤维地聚物混凝土及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
- C04B12/04—Alkali metal or ammonium silicate cements ; Alkyl silicate cements; Silica sol cements; Soluble silicate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/065—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
- C04B16/0658—Polyacrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
- C04B22/062—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供一种纤维地聚物混凝土及其制备方法。包括如下重量份数的组分：硅铝质矿物原料500‑700份，粗骨料900‑1200份，天然黄沙300‑600份，碱激发剂600‑800份，减水剂17‑25份，聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)150‑250份。本发明以工业矿渣为原料，变废为宝。且在混凝土中加入一定量的聚丙烯腈纤维可增强其地聚物混凝土的基本力学性能，增强混凝土的韧性。本发明直接使用硅酸钠粉末制备水玻璃，可以减少运输成本，且没有硅酸沉淀。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种纤维地聚物及其制备方法。
背景技术
水泥工业CO2的排放量占全球CO2总排放量的7％。水泥生产同时伴随着大量NOx、SOx和粉尘颗粒等有害物质排出。我们国家不仅是基建大国，也是水泥生产大国，对我国的环境危害很大。地聚合物是一种新型的无钙铝硅质胶凝材料。合成地聚合物主要方法是碱性溶液(NaOH溶液，Na2SiO3溶液)与活性铝硅酸盐结合，通过地聚合反应形成一种新型低碳的胶凝材料，并有可能成为建筑中波特兰水泥的部分替代品。这是一种绿色低碳，节能环保的建筑材料。
聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)，又称腈纶，由于PAN纤维分子结构中含有极性亲水基团(-CN)，使得PAN纤维在搅拌过程中能够很好地比较均匀地分散在混凝土中，这些特点都对提高纤维与混凝土之间的黏结性能起到积极的作用，相比于聚丙烯纤维，聚丙烯腈纤维具有更高的弹性模量与断裂强度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纤维地聚物混凝土及其制备方法。
一种纤维地聚物混凝土材料，包括以下按重量计的组分：硅铝质矿物原料500-700份，粗骨料900-1200份，天然黄沙300-600份，碱激发剂600-800份，减水剂17-25份，聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)150-250份。
所述硅铝质矿物原料为S95级矿渣粉，粒径大小为380-420目。
所述粗骨料为粒径为5-25的大理石碎石。
所述天然黄沙细度模数为2.2-1.6，平均粒径为0.35-0.25mm。
所述碱激发剂为复配材料，包括固体硅酸钠粉末350-450份，固体氢氧化钠250-350份。
所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂，减水率为26％。
所述聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维长度为12mm。纤维地聚物混凝土的制备方法按以下步骤进行：
(1)将硅酸钠粉末放入80℃的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
(2)按重量计的组分：硅铝质矿物原料500-700份，粗骨料900-1200份，天然黄沙300-600份，碱激发剂600-800份，减水剂17-25份。放入拌板中搅拌均匀制成地聚物混凝土。
(3)按重量计的组分：硅铝质矿物原料500-700份，粗骨料900-1200份，天然黄沙300-600份，碱激发剂600-800份，减水剂17-25份，聚丙烯腈纤维150-250份，放入拌板中搅拌均匀制成纤维地聚物混凝土。
本发明有益效果是：(1)使用高炉矿渣，变废为宝，充分利用资源，促进资源可持续发展。直接使用硅酸钠粉末制备水玻璃，可以减少运输成本，且没有硅酸沉淀。且高炉矿渣与碱激发剂发生聚合反应，使得混凝土内部结构更加密实。(2)本发明中加入聚丙烯腈纤维有效地增加了地聚物混凝土的抗压性能和抗拉性能。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本发明方案，下面对发明实验例中的技术方案进行清楚的表述，以下所描述的实验例是本发明的一部分实验例，且对其描述。
实验例1
(1)按重量计的组分数取水泥6.9kg，大理石碎石21.40kg，天然黄沙10.543kg放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入51g减水剂加入自来水搅拌均匀。将水倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成普通水泥混凝土。
实验例2
(1)将硅酸钠粉末放入80℃以上的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
(2)按重量计的组分数取硅铝质矿物原料5.106kg，大理石碎石22.098kg，天然黄沙11.402kg放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入51g减水剂加入碱激发剂搅拌均匀。将碱激发剂倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成地聚物混凝土。
实验例3
(1)将硅酸钠粉末放入80℃以上的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
(2)将43.5g的12mm聚丙烯腈纤维缓慢倒入碱激发剂中，并搅拌均匀使其悬浮于碱激发剂内形成均匀的纤维分散碱激发剂溶液。
(3)按重量计的组分数取硅铝质矿物原料5.106kg，大理石碎石22.098kg，天然黄沙11.402kg放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入51g减水剂加入纤维碱激发剂搅拌均匀。将碱激发剂倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成地聚物混凝土。
实验例3
(1)将硅酸钠粉末放入80℃以上的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
(2)将87g的12mm聚丙烯腈纤维缓慢倒入碱激发剂中，并搅拌均匀使其悬浮于碱激发剂内形成均匀的纤维分散碱激发剂溶液。
(3)按重量计的组分数取硅铝质矿物原料5.106kg，大理石碎石22.098kg，天然黄沙11.402kg放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入51g减水剂加入纤维碱激发剂搅拌均匀。将碱激发剂倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成地聚物混凝土。
实验例4
(1)将硅酸钠粉末放入80℃以上的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
(2)将130.5g的12mm聚丙烯腈纤维缓慢倒入碱激发剂中，并搅拌均匀使其悬浮于碱激发剂内形成均匀的纤维分散碱激发剂溶液。
(3)按重量计的组分数取硅铝质矿物原料5.106kg，大理石碎石22.098kg，天然黄沙11.402kg放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入51g减水剂加入纤维碱激发剂搅拌均匀。将碱激发剂倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成地聚物混凝土。
制得水泥混凝土和地聚物混凝土材料测试结果
实验例1
按照《混凝土物理力学性能试验方法标准》GB50081-2019中规定混凝土抗压性能立方体试块标准采用150x150x150mm的试块，混凝土抗折性能试验采用标准试件应是边长为150mm×150mm×600mm或150mm×150mm×550mm的棱柱体试件。若采用100x100x100mm的试块则将其测得抗压强度值乘以尺寸换算系数0.95。若采用100x100x400mm的试块则将其测得抗折强度乘以尺寸换算系数0.85。且抗压强度和抗折强度试块每组三个。
表1：材料性能测试结果
由表1可得(1)地聚物混凝土的强度大于普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土，且地聚物混凝土的早期强度较大，后期增长幅度较小。
(2)随着纤维的增加，地聚物混凝土的抗压强度和抗拉逐步增加，且折压比基本保持不变。
Claims (8)
1.一种纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于，包括以下按重量计的组分：硅铝质矿物原料500-700份，粗骨料900-1200份，天然黄沙300-600份，碱激发剂600-800份，减水剂17-25份，聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)150-250份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于：所述的碱激发剂为复配材料，包括固体硅酸钠粉末350-450份，固体氢氧化钠250-350份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于：所述的聚丙烯腈纤维为12mm，缓慢倒入碱激发剂中，并搅拌均匀使其悬浮于碱激发剂内形成均匀的纤维分散碱激发剂溶液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于：所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂，减水率为26％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于：所述硅铝质矿物原料为S95级矿渣粉，粒径大小为380-420目，比表面积为418kg/m2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的纤维地聚物混凝土材料，其特征在于，按照如下步骤进行：(1)将350-450份硅酸钠粉末放入80℃以上的热水中搅拌均匀没有白色悬浮物，然后再加入250-350份氢氧化钠搅拌均匀，静置24小时得到碱激发剂。
7.(2)将150-250份的12mm聚丙烯腈纤维缓慢倒入碱激发剂中，并搅拌均匀使其悬浮于碱激发剂内形成均匀的纤维分散碱激发剂溶液。
8.(3)按重量计的组分数取硅铝质矿物原料500-700份，大理石碎石900-1200份，300-600份天然黄沙放入搅拌机中以60r/min搅拌5分钟搅拌均匀，再加入17-25份减水剂加入纤维碱激发剂搅拌均匀。将碱激发剂倒入搅拌机中搅拌10分钟制成地聚物混凝土。
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