CN112917618B - Low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor and processing technology - Google Patents
Low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor and processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112917618B CN112917618B CN202110115236.XA CN202110115236A CN112917618B CN 112917618 B CN112917618 B CN 112917618B CN 202110115236 A CN202110115236 A CN 202110115236A CN 112917618 B CN112917618 B CN 112917618B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/06—Manufacture of central layers; Form of central layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/04—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
- E04F15/041—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor and a processing technology thereof, and the solid wood composite floor comprises a substrate (1), wherein the back surface of the substrate (1) is connected with a back plate (3) through first thermosetting adhesive film paper (2), and the front surface of the substrate (1) is connected with a panel (5) through second thermosetting adhesive film paper (4); the base plate (1) comprises a core plate (101), and the front surface and the back surface of the core plate (101) are respectively provided with a single plate (102). The invention can effectively relieve the cracking problem of the surface plate when the whole core plate is used, and reduce the formaldehyde emission of the floor; on the basis, stable gluing of MDI formaldehyde-free glue can be realized by optimizing the processing technology, compared with the existing gluing technology using urea formaldehyde glue or formaldehyde-free glue, the method can conveniently control the technology and reduce the required gluing procedures, and further has the characteristics of high structural stability, good environmental protection effect and convenient processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solid wood composite floor, in particular to a low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor.
Background
Traditional solid wood composite floor divide into rib core floor and whole wood core floor, wherein rib core floor compares whole wood core floor owing to have better structural stability, is difficult to appear warping, fracture and the problem of rise layer, consequently more extensive by the user selection. However, the rib core floor has the disadvantage that the problem of rib marks is easy to appear on the surface of the floor after the floor is used for a long time, and the use requirement of a user is difficult to meet. Therefore, how to improve the structural strength and stability of the whole wood core floor and enable the whole wood core floor to replace the rib core floor becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently by floor manufacturers at present.
On the other hand, in the existing solid wood composite floor, all layers of veneers are bonded by urea-formaldehyde glue, and once the urea-formaldehyde glue is coated, formaldehyde is released, so that pollutant emission in the subsequent process and the use process of the floor is caused, and the emission standard of the floor is reduced. In order to solve the problem, although zero-emission aldehyde-free glue is developed on the market, the aldehyde-free glue has higher requirement on the control precision of process parameters in the floor gluing process, so that the adhesion stability of the aldehyde-free glue is easily reduced due to the fact that the aldehyde-free glue is not controlled in place, and the aldehyde-free glue is difficult to popularize in the composite floor processing process.
In addition, the floor is glued by urea-formaldehyde glue or formaldehyde-free glue, the floor is required to be pre-pressed and hot-pressed by a plurality of stations in the processing process, and the conventional pre-pressing time is 60-90 min in summer and 90-120 min in winter, so that the consumed time is long; thereby reducing the efficiency of the floor processing and increasing the complexity of the process.
Therefore, the existing solid wood composite floor has the problems of low structural stability, poor environmental protection effect and difficult processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor and a processing technology thereof. The novel environment-friendly plastic pipe has the characteristics of high structural stability, good environment-friendly effect and convenience in processing.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor comprises a substrate, wherein the back surface of the substrate is connected with a back plate through first thermosetting adhesive film paper, and the front surface of the substrate is connected with a face plate through second thermosetting adhesive film paper; the base plate comprises a core plate, and the front surface and the back surface of the core plate are respectively provided with a single plate.
In the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the front surface and the back surface of the core plate are connected with the veneer through the MDI formaldehyde-free glue layer.
In the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the thickness of the core plate is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the single plate is 2-3 mm.
In the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the thickness of the back plate is 0.7-1 mm, and the thickness of the panel is 1-2.5 mm.
In the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the wood grain directions of the core board, the face board and the back board are longitudinal, and the wood grain directions of the two single boards are transverse.
In the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the first thermosetting adhesive film paper and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper are thermosetting adhesive film paper, and the thickness of the first thermosetting adhesive film paper and the thickness of the second thermosetting adhesive film paper are 0.6-0.7 mm.
The processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor comprises the following steps:
a. coating MDI (diphenyl methane diisocyanate) aldehyde-free glue on the surfaces of two sides of the core plate, and gluing and prepressing the core plate and the two veneers to obtain a substrate A;
b. sequentially assembling the back plate, the first thermosetting adhesive film paper, the substrate A, the second thermosetting adhesive film paper and the panel from bottom to top, and then heating and hot-pressing the assembled components for 1-2 minutes to obtain a B plain plate;
c. naturally cooling the element plate B, and stacking for 3-7 days to obtain an element plate C;
d. and sequentially grooving and surface painting the plain boards C to obtain the finished floor.
In the processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the gluing prepressing temperature in the step a is normal temperature, and the gluing prepressing time is 30-60 minutes.
In the processing process of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, the specific steps of the step a are as follows:
a1. keeping the temperature of the core plate at 70 ℃ for 5-10 minutes to obtain an A1 core plate;
a2. heating MDI formaldehyde-free glue to 50-60 ℃, and coating the heated MDI formaldehyde-free glue on the two side surfaces of the A1 core plate to obtain an A2 core plate;
a3. and adhering the two veneers to the upper side and the lower side of the A2 core plate respectively, and then gluing and prepressing at normal temperature for 30-60 minutes to obtain the A substrate.
In the processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor, in the step b, the assembled green board is placed into a hot press, the green board is heated and hot-pressed by the hot press, and when the temperature of the green board is increased to 108-116 ℃, the hot-pressing is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) The first thermosetting adhesive film paper and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper are matched to replace the prior urea-formaldehyde glue to glue the substrate, the back plate and the panel, so that a plurality of gluing processes required by the prior floor can be reduced into two processes of assembly and hot pressing, the difficulty of the processing process of the floor is effectively reduced, the gluing efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved by more than 8 times compared with the prior gluing process utilizing liquid glue; the first thermosetting adhesive film paper and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper are in solid structures in a natural state, so that formaldehyde release before and after hot pressing and during daily use of the floor can be avoided, and the environmental protection effect of the floor is improved;
(2) By adopting the gluing mode of the thermosetting adhesive film paper, the thermosetting adhesive film paper can be firstly melted to form liquid glue in the heating and hot pressing process, and then the liquid glue penetrates into pores of the wood, and is cured at the temperature of 108-116 ℃ to form glue nails, so that the gluing effect on the substrate, the back plate and the panel is effectively improved; under the process, the thermosetting adhesive film paper is changed into a liquid state and releases formaldehyde only in the process of temperature rise and hot pressing, so that the collection and treatment of the formaldehyde by manufacturers are effectively facilitated, and the environmental protection effect of the invention is further improved;
(3) The board bodies of all layers can be mutually restrained when being deformed by arranging the board bodies in the criss-cross mode in the grain direction, so that the integral deformation of the floor is reduced, and the structural stability of the floor is improved; the grain directions of the core plate, the back plate and the face plate are set to be longitudinal, so that the deformation coefficients of the core plate, the back plate and the face plate are relatively kept consistent, the internal stress generated when the floor is deformed is further reduced, and the probability of cracking of the back plate and the face plate is reduced;
(4) The core plate and the two side veneers are glued by MDI formaldehyde-free glue, so that the formaldehyde emission of the floor can be further reduced; on the basis, the MDI aldehyde-free glue can be kept in a liquid state in the coating and initial prepressing processes by the heat preservation process of coating the MDI aldehyde-free glue on the core plate, so that the MDI aldehyde-free glue can fully permeate into wood pores, and the MDI aldehyde-free glue can be completely cured in the prepressing process by prepressing the core plate for 30-60 minutes at normal temperature, thereby effectively improving the gluing stability of the core plate and realizing the application of the MDI aldehyde-free glue in the whole core plate process;
(5) By optimizing the pre-pressing process of the MDI formaldehyde-free glue, the invention can realize the gluing effect on the core plate only by the pre-pressing process, thereby effectively reducing the hot-pressing process compared with the existing urea formaldehyde glue pressing process, reducing the process complexity and the process cost of the invention and facilitating the processing of manufacturers;
(6) Through the matching, the formaldehyde emission of the floor board can reach 0.029mg/m in daily use 3 The E1 level index far below the standard is as follows;
therefore, the invention has the characteristics of high structural stability, good environmental protection effect and convenient processing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-substrate, 2-first thermosetting adhesive film paper, 3-back plate, 4-second thermosetting adhesive film paper, 5-panel, 101-core plate, 102-veneer and 103-MDI formaldehyde-free adhesive layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1. A low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor is composed as shown in figure 1, and comprises a substrate 1, wherein the back surface of the substrate 1 is connected with a back plate 3 through a first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2, and the front surface of the substrate 1 is connected with a face plate 5 through a second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4; the substrate 1 includes a core board 101, and both front and back surfaces of the core board 101 are provided with single boards 102.
The front surface and the back surface of the core plate 101 are connected with the veneer 102 through the MDI aldehyde-free glue layer 103.
The thickness of the core board 101 is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the veneer 102 is 2-3 mm.
The thickness of the back plate 3 is 0.7-1 mm, and the thickness of the face plate 5 is 1-2.5 mm.
The wood grain directions of the core board 101, the face board 5 and the back board 3 are all longitudinal (consistent with the length direction of the floor), and the wood grain directions of the two single boards 102 are all transverse.
The first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2 and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4 are both thermosetting adhesive film paper, and the thickness of the first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2 and the thickness of the second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4 are 0.6-0.7 mm.
The processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor comprises the following steps:
a. coating MDI (diphenyl methane diisocyanate) aldehyde-free glue on the surfaces of two sides of the core plate, and gluing and prepressing the core plate and the two veneers to obtain a substrate A;
b. sequentially assembling the back plate, the first thermosetting adhesive film paper, the substrate A, the second thermosetting adhesive film paper and the panel from bottom to top, and then heating and hot-pressing the assembled components for 1-2 minutes to obtain a B plain plate;
c. naturally cooling the element B plate and stacking for 3-7 days to obtain an element C plate;
d. and sequentially grooving and surface painting the plain boards C to obtain the finished floor.
And c, the gluing prepressing temperature in the step a is normal temperature, and the gluing prepressing time is 30-60 minutes.
And b, putting the assembled green board into a hot press, heating and hot-pressing the green board through the hot press, and finishing hot-pressing when the temperature of the green board is increased to 108-116 ℃.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the thermosetting adhesive film paper is used for replacing the existing urea-formaldehyde glue to glue the substrate 1, the back plate 3 and the face plate 5, so that the process steps and process time required by the composite floor during hot-pressing gluing can be effectively reduced, and the hot-pressing efficiency of the floor is further improved; meanwhile, the thermosetting adhesive film paper is in a solid state before treatment and after hot pressing, so that compared with urea-formaldehyde glue, the formaldehyde emission of the floor can be reduced, and the environmental protection effect of the floor is improved. Through the limitation to the texture direction of each plate body, on one hand, the textures of the adjacent plate bodies can be crisscrossed, so that the plate bodies can be mutually restrained when being deformed along the texture direction, and further the integral deformation of the floor is relieved. On the other hand, because the grain directions of the core board 101, the back board 3 and the face board 5 are the same, the deformation coefficients of the inner board and the face board are similar, thereby avoiding the problem of cracking or extrusion cracking caused by the difference of the deformation of the inner layer and the outer layer when the floor board is deformed by the external environment, and further improving the structural stability of the invention.
Example 2. A low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor is composed as shown in figure 1, and comprises a substrate 1, wherein the back surface of the substrate 1 is connected with a back plate 3 through a first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2, and the front surface of the substrate 1 is connected with a face plate 5 through a second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4; the substrate 1 comprises a core board 101, and both the front and back surfaces of the core board 101 are provided with single boards 102; the melting points of the first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2 and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4 are both 25-30 ℃, and the curing temperature is 108-116 ℃.
The front surface and the back surface of the core plate 101 are connected with the veneer 102 through the MDI aldehyde-free glue layer 103.
The thickness of the core board 101 is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the veneer 102 is 2-3 mm.
The thickness of the back plate 3 is 0.7-1 mm, and the thickness of the face plate 5 is 1-2.5 mm.
The wood grain directions of the core board 1, the face board 5 and the back board 3 are all longitudinal (consistent with the length direction of the floor), and the wood grain directions of the single boards 102 on the two sides are all transverse.
The first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2 and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4 are both thermosetting adhesive film paper, and the thickness of the first thermosetting adhesive film paper 2 and the thickness of the second thermosetting adhesive film paper 4 are 0.6-0.7 mm.
The processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor comprises the following steps:
a. coating MDI (diphenyl methane diisocyanate) aldehyde-free glue on the surfaces of two sides of the core plate, and gluing and prepressing the core plate and the two veneers to obtain a substrate A;
b. sequentially assembling the back plate, the first thermosetting adhesive film paper, the substrate A, the second thermosetting adhesive film paper and the panel from bottom to top, and then heating and hot-pressing the assembled components for 1-2 minutes to obtain a B plain plate;
c. naturally cooling the element plate B, and stacking for 3-7 days to obtain an element plate C;
d. and sequentially grooving and surface painting the plain boards C to obtain the finished floor.
The specific steps of the step a are as follows:
a1. preserving the temperature of the core plate for 5-10 minutes at 70 ℃ to obtain an A1 core plate;
a2. heating MDI formaldehyde-free glue to 50-60 ℃, and coating the heated MDI formaldehyde-free glue on the two side surfaces of the A1 core plate to obtain an A2 core plate;
a3. and adhering the two veneers to the upper side and the lower side of the A2 core plate respectively, and then gluing and prepressing at normal temperature for 30-60 minutes to obtain the A substrate.
And b, putting the assembled plain board into a hot press, heating and hot-pressing the plain board from the normal temperature through the hot press, heating to 90-100 ℃ within 1 minute, then quickly heating to 108-116 ℃ after heat preservation and hot pressing for 30 seconds, and finishing the hot pressing after heat preservation and hot pressing for 30 seconds.
The pre-pressing process of the MDI aldehyde-free glue is further optimized aiming at the bonding effect of the MDI aldehyde-free glue, the core plate is heated to be higher than the MDI aldehyde-free glue at the pre-pressing temperature, so that the core plate and the MDI aldehyde-free glue can be effectively prevented from being rapidly cooled in the process of cooling the core plate and the MDI aldehyde-free glue together, the MDI aldehyde-free glue is ensured to be completely penetrated into wood pores, the bonding effect of the invention on the core plate is improved, and a manufacturer can conveniently control the MDI aldehyde-free glue in the pre-pressing process.
Meanwhile, in the heating and hot-pressing process of the plain board, the plain board is quickly heated to 90-100 ℃ and is subjected to heat preservation, so that the thermosetting adhesive film paper can be completely melted into a liquid state and can permeate into wood pores in the heating and heat preservation processes; and then, the liquid glue can be completely cured at the temperature by heat preservation and hot pressing for 30 seconds, so that the gluing effect on the plain plate is ensured.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a low aldehyde high quality wood laminate flooring which characterized in that: the back surface of the substrate (1) is connected with a back plate (3) through a first thermosetting adhesive film paper (2), and the front surface of the substrate (1) is connected with a panel (5) through a second thermosetting adhesive film paper (4); the substrate (1) comprises a core board (101), and the front surface and the back surface of the core board (101) are respectively provided with a single board (102); the front surface and the back surface of the core plate (101) are connected with a veneer (102) through an MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) formaldehyde-free adhesive layer (103);
the processing technology of the low-formaldehyde high-quality solid wood composite floor comprises the following steps:
a. coating MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) aldehyde-free glue on the surfaces of two sides of the core plate, and gluing and prepressing the core plate and the two veneers to obtain a substrate A;
b. sequentially assembling the back plate, the first thermosetting adhesive film paper, the substrate A, the second thermosetting adhesive film paper and the panel from bottom to top, and then heating and hot-pressing the assembled components for 1-2 minutes to obtain a green board B;
c. naturally cooling the element B plate and stacking for 3-7 days to obtain an element C plate;
d. sequentially grooving and surface painting the plain board C to obtain a finished floor product;
the gluing prepressing temperature in the step a is normal temperature, and the gluing prepressing time is 30-60 minutes;
the specific steps of the step a are as follows:
a1. preserving the temperature of the core plate for 5-10 minutes at 70 ℃ to obtain an A1 core plate; keeping the MDI formaldehyde-free glue in a liquid state in the coating and initial prepressing processes, and further fully permeating the MDI formaldehyde-free glue into wood pores;
a2. heating MDI formaldehyde-free glue to 50-60 ℃, and coating the heated MDI formaldehyde-free glue on the surfaces of two sides of the A1 core plate to obtain an A2 core plate;
a3. adhering two veneers to the upper side and the lower side of the A2 core plate respectively, and then gluing and prepressing at normal temperature for 30-60 minutes to obtain a substrate A; the core plate is heated to a temperature higher than the MDI formaldehyde-free glue in a prepressing manner, so that the core plate and the MDI formaldehyde-free glue are effectively prevented from being rapidly cooled in the process of cooling together, and the MDI formaldehyde-free glue is ensured to be completely permeated into wood pores;
putting the assembled green board into a hot press, heating and hot-pressing the green board by the hot press, and finishing hot pressing when the temperature of the green board is increased to 108-116 ℃;
the thickness of the core board (101) is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the veneer (102) is 2-3 mm;
the thickness of the back plate (3) is 0.7-1 mm, and the thickness of the face plate (5) is 1-2.5 mm;
the wood grain directions of the core board (101), the face board (5) and the back board (3) are longitudinal, and the wood grain directions of the two single boards (102) are transverse;
the first thermosetting adhesive film paper (2) and the second thermosetting adhesive film paper (4) are both thermosetting adhesive film paper, and the thickness of the first thermosetting adhesive film paper (2) and the thickness of the second thermosetting adhesive film paper (4) are 0.6-0.7 mm.
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