CN112916642A - Ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device and control method - Google Patents
Ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112916642A CN112916642A CN202110147446.7A CN202110147446A CN112916642A CN 112916642 A CN112916642 A CN 112916642A CN 202110147446 A CN202110147446 A CN 202110147446A CN 112916642 A CN112916642 A CN 112916642A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device and a control method, which relate to the technical field of plate forming and comprise a forming mechanism, a vaporizer and a control system, wherein a cavity of the forming mechanism is communicated with a low-temperature container through a first pipeline, the low-temperature container is used for containing ultra-low temperature medium, the cavity of the forming mechanism is communicated with the front end of the vaporizer through a second pipeline, the rear end of the vaporizer is communicated with the outside through a third pipeline, a proportional servo valve is arranged on the third pipeline, and the control system is electrically connected with the forming mechanism, the vaporizer and the proportional servo valve. The ultralow temperature medium is used for vaporization and temperature rise, the pressure of the ultralow temperature medium is accurately regulated and controlled through a normal-temperature valve, and the ultralow-temperature pressure accurate regulation and control valve is not needed; the vaporizer is used for absorbing heat to vaporize the ultralow-temperature medium, the pressure of the gas medium buffering male die in the descending process is increased, and the problem that the pressure is easy to increase suddenly in the forming process to cause cracking is avoided; the low-temperature booster pump and the proportional servo valve are cooperatively regulated and controlled, so that the problem that the pressure cannot be stabilized and accurately controlled is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plate forming, in particular to an ultralow-temperature medium pressure accurate control device and a control method.
Background
In recent years, ultra-low temperature medium pressure forming technology has been developed to form curved members of aluminum alloys of complex shapes. The method is characterized in that the temperature and the stress state of a deformation zone are simultaneously regulated and controlled by using a pressurized ultralow-temperature medium, so that the aluminum alloy is formed into a thin-wall curved surface piece under the ultralow-temperature condition. In the ultralow-temperature medium pressure forming process, liquid ultralow-temperature medium is filled in the cavity of the female die, so that the aluminum alloy is cooled to the ultralow temperature and then deforms, the forming performance is greatly improved, and the problem that the suspended space is easy to crack is solved. Through ultralow temperature medium pressurization, the bulging deformation of the suspended space area is realized, the traditional radial tension and tangential compression are converted into a bidirectional tension stress state, and the problem that the suspended space area is easy to wrinkle is solved.
Ultralow temperature medium pressure forming is used as a brand-new forming manufacturing technology, and one key technology is how to regulate and control the pressure of ultralow temperature medium in a liquid chamber. Before forming, pressurizing the ultralow temperature medium in the cavity of the female die to a set pressure. Along with the downward movement of the male die, the plate is always deformed under the action of set pressure. However, the cavity of the female die is completely filled with the ultralow temperature medium, when the male die moves downwards, the ultralow temperature medium (liquid nitrogen) with the volume equivalent to that of the female die needs to be quickly discharged, otherwise, the pressure in the cavity is rapidly increased, and the slab is cracked due to overlarge pressure. For similar pressure forming of a medium (water or oil) at normal temperature, the pressure is usually precisely controlled by a large-flow relief valve or a proportional servo valve. However, the existing relief valve or proportional valve cannot be used under the ultralow temperature condition, and a similar valve is not developed for the accurate control of the ultralow temperature medium pressure. Although a low-temperature high-pressure stop valve capable of controlling opening and closing has been developed, the ultralow temperature medium used is a liquid, and has small compressibility, and very small volume changes cause pressure fluctuation of the ultralow temperature medium. The pressure is increased instantaneously to cause cracking, and is reduced instantaneously to cause wrinkling, so that the ultralow-temperature medium pressure forming cannot be completed smoothly. The problem that the pressure in the ultralow temperature medium pressure forming process cannot be accurately controlled in the prior art is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device and a control method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the accurate control of the ultra-low temperature medium pressure by buffering pressure fluctuation through vaporization of the ultra-low temperature medium.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device which comprises a forming mechanism, a vaporizer and a control system, wherein a cavity of the forming mechanism is communicated with a low-temperature container through a first pipeline, the low-temperature container is used for containing ultra-low temperature media, the cavity of the forming mechanism is communicated with the front end of the vaporizer through a second pipeline, the rear end of the vaporizer is communicated with the outside through a third pipeline, a proportional servo valve is arranged on the third pipeline, and the control system is electrically connected with the forming mechanism, the vaporizer and the proportional servo valve.
Preferably, a low-temperature booster pump is arranged on the first pipeline.
Preferably, the second pipeline is provided with a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor, and the third pipeline is provided with a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor.
Preferably, a low-temperature high-pressure stop valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
Preferably, the forming mechanism comprises a female die, a male die and a blank holder, the blank holder fixes the edge of the plate blank on the female die, the cavity is arranged between the plate blank and the female die, and the male die is positioned above the plate blank.
Preferably, a displacement sensor is arranged on the male die, and a third pressure sensor is arranged on the blank holder.
Preferably, the vaporizer comprises a central tube, two ends of the central tube are respectively communicated with the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and a plurality of fins are arranged on the outer wall of the central tube.
Preferably, the ultralow temperature medium is liquid argon, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium; the proportional servo valve is a proportional overflow valve or a proportional regulating valve.
Preferably, the control system comprises a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a signal input module, a communication module, a signal output module and a touch screen, wherein the signal input module, the communication module, the signal output module and the touch screen are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC.
The invention also provides a pressure accurate control method adopting the ultralow temperature medium pressure accurate control device, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the heat dissipation area of a vaporizer for vaporizing the discharged ultralow-temperature medium and ensuring that the temperature of the tail end is higher than minus 40 ℃ according to the volume of the ultralow-temperature medium required to be discharged when the male die descends, and determining the specification of the vaporizer;
step two, putting the plate blank into a forming mechanism, and closing the blank holder to enable the plate blank to be in a compact state all the time;
filling an ultralow-temperature medium into the cavity, opening a proportional servo valve, and discharging gas generated by vaporization of the ultralow-temperature medium in the cooling process to cool the plate blank to a target temperature lower than-120 ℃;
step four, continuously filling the ultra-low temperature medium into the cavity until the pressure of the front end of the vaporizer and the pressure of the rear end of the vaporizer reach the set pressure of 1-20MPa, the front end in the vaporizer is liquid, the rear end in the vaporizer is gas, and the temperature of the rear end of the vaporizer is higher than-40 ℃;
step five, the male die descends until the forming is finished, and in the descending process of the male die, the descending speed of the male die and the opening of a proportional servo valve are adjusted in real time according to the front end temperature of a vaporizer and the rear end pressure of the vaporizer, so that the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium in the cavity is always ensured to be a set value of 1-20MPa, and the front end temperature of the vaporizer is lower than a target temperature of-120 ℃;
and step six, opening the proportional servo valve to release pressure, opening the mold and taking out the formed curved surface piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. according to the device and the method for accurately controlling the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium, the ultralow-temperature medium is vaporized and heated, the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium can be accurately regulated and controlled through a valve at normal temperature, and the valve is not required to be accurately regulated and controlled through the ultralow-temperature pressure;
2. according to the device and the method for accurately controlling the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium, the evaporator is used for absorbing heat to vaporize the ultralow-temperature medium, and the pressure rise in the descending process of the male die is buffered by the gas medium, so that the problem of cracking caused by the fact that the pressure is easy to rise suddenly in the pressure forming process of the ultralow-temperature medium is solved;
3. the device and the method for accurately controlling the pressure of the ultralow temperature medium realize closed-loop control of the pressure through cooperative regulation and control of the low-temperature booster pump and the proportional servo valve, and solve the problem that the pressure of the ultralow temperature medium cannot be stabilized and accurately controlled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vaporizer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-low temperature medium pressure precision control system;
wherein: 100: ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device, 1: female die, 2: blank holder, 3: slab, 4: male die, 5: control system, 6-1: first pressure sensor, 6-2: second pressure sensor, 7-1: first temperature sensor, 7-2: second temperature sensor, 8: proportional servo valve, 9: ultra-low temperature medium, 10: cryogenic container, 11: vaporizer, 12: low-temperature booster pump, 13: cavity, 14: first pipe, 15: second piping, 16: third line, 17: and a forming mechanism.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device and a control method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the accurate control of the ultra-low temperature medium pressure by buffering pressure fluctuation through vaporization of the ultra-low temperature medium.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-3: the embodiment provides an accurate control device 100 for ultralow temperature medium pressure, which comprises a forming mechanism 17, a vaporizer 11 and a control system 5, wherein a cavity 13 of the forming mechanism 17 is communicated with a low-temperature container 10 through a first pipeline 14, the low-temperature container 10 is used for containing ultralow temperature medium 9 and has a self-pressurization function, the pressure range is 0-0.8 MPa, the cavity 13 of the forming mechanism 17 is communicated with the front end of the vaporizer 11 through a second pipeline 15, the rear end of the vaporizer 11 is communicated with the outside through a third pipeline 16, a proportional servo valve 8 is arranged on the third pipeline 16, and the control system 5 is electrically connected with the forming mechanism 17, the vaporizer 11 and the proportional servo valve 8.
In this embodiment, the first pipeline 14 is provided with the low-temperature booster pump 12, and the low-temperature booster pump 12 is used for boosting the ultralow temperature medium 9, and the pressure is 0-30 MPa.
In this embodiment, the second pipeline 15 is provided with a first pressure sensor 6-1 and a first temperature sensor 7-1, and the third pipeline 16 is provided with a second pressure sensor 6-2 and a second temperature sensor 7-2.
In this embodiment, the second pipeline 15 is provided with a low-temperature high-pressure stop valve, and the low-temperature high-pressure stop valve is opened and closed to control the exhaust in the liquid filling stage of the ultra-low-temperature medium 9, so that the cavity 13 of the female die 1 is quickly filled with the ultra-low-temperature medium 9.
In this embodiment, the first, second and third pipes 14, 15, 16 are stainless steel hoses or pipes. A first pipe 14, a second pipe 15, and a third pipe 16 connect the cryogenic vessel 10, the cryogenic booster pump 12, the cavity 13, the vaporizer 11, and the proportional servo valve 8 into a closed passage.
In this embodiment, the forming mechanism 17 includes a female die 1, a male die 4 and a blank holder 2, the blank holder 2 fixes the edge of the slab 3 on the female die 1, a cavity 13 is formed between the slab 3 and the female die 1, and the male die 4 is located above the slab 3. The downward movement of the blank holder 2 and the male die 4 is provided by a press machine, in particular to a double-acting press machine, the blank holder 2 is connected with a blank holder slide block of the press machine, and the male die 4 is connected with a drawing slide block of the press machine.
In this embodiment, the male die 4 is provided with a displacement sensor, and the blank holder 2 is provided with a third pressure sensor.
In this embodiment, the vaporizer 11 includes a central tube, two ends of the central tube are respectively communicated with the second pipeline 15 and the third pipeline 16, and the outer wall of the central tube is provided with a plurality of fins, which are anti-embroidery aluminum alloy fins. The liquid ultralow temperature medium 9 flows in the central tube, and the heat of the normal temperature environment is absorbed by the fins and transferred to the liquid ultralow temperature medium 9 in the central tube so as to realize the heat absorption and vaporization of the liquid ultralow temperature medium 9.
In this embodiment, the ultralow temperature medium 9 is liquid argon, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium; the proportional servo valve 8 is a proportional overflow valve or a proportional regulating valve, and the use temperature is higher than-40 ℃.
In this embodiment, the control system 5 includes a programmable logic controller PLC, a signal input module, a communication module, a signal output module, and a touch screen, and the signal input module, the communication module, the signal output module, and the touch screen are electrically connected to the programmable logic controller PLC respectively. The press drawing slide block, the press blank pressing slide block, the low-temperature container 10, the proportional servo valve 8 and the low-temperature booster pump 12 are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output module, and the first temperature sensor 7-1, the second temperature sensor 7-2, the first pressure sensor 6-1, the second pressure sensor 6-2, the third pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input module.
The present embodiment is directed to an improvement of the structure, and the control process of the control system 5 is the prior art.
The ultralow temperature medium pressure precise control device of the embodiment utilizes the ultralow temperature medium 9 to vaporize and heat, can precisely regulate and control the pressure of the ultralow temperature medium 9 through a normal-temperature valve, and does not need to use the ultralow temperature pressure precise regulation and control valve; the vaporizer 11 is used for absorbing heat to vaporize the ultralow-temperature medium 9, and the gas medium buffers the pressure rise of the male die 4 in the descending process, so that the problem of cracking caused by the fact that the pressure is easy to rise suddenly in the pressure forming process of the ultralow-temperature medium 9 is solved; the pressure closed-loop control is realized by the cooperative regulation and control of the low-temperature booster pump 12 and the proportional servo valve 8, and the problem that the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium 9 cannot be stabilized and accurately controlled is solved.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a pressure precise control method using the ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device 100 of the first embodiment, which includes the following steps:
step one, calculating the heat dissipation area of a vaporizer 11 which vaporizes the discharged ultralow-temperature medium 9 and ensures that the temperature of the tail end is higher than minus 40 ℃ according to the volume of the ultralow-temperature medium 9 needing to be discharged when the male die 4 descends, and determining the specification of the vaporizer 11;
step two, putting the plate blank 3 into a forming mechanism 17, and closing the blank holder 2 to enable the plate blank 3 to be in a compaction state all the time;
filling the ultra-low temperature medium 9 into the cavity 13, opening the proportional servo valve 8, and discharging gas generated by vaporization of the ultra-low temperature medium 9 in the cooling process to cool the plate blank 3 to a target temperature lower than-120 ℃;
step four, continuously filling the ultralow temperature medium 9 into the cavity 13 until the pressure of the front end of the vaporizer 11 and the pressure of the rear end of the vaporizer 11 reach the set pressure of 1-20MPa, the front end in the vaporizer 11 is liquid, the rear end in the vaporizer 11 is gas, and the temperature of the rear end of the vaporizer 11 is higher than-40 ℃;
step five, the male die 4 descends until the forming is finished, and in the descending process of the male die 4, the descending speed of the male die 4 and the opening degree of the proportional servo valve 8 are adjusted in real time according to the front end temperature of the vaporizer 11 and the rear end pressure of the vaporizer 11, so that the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium 9 in the cavity 13 is always ensured to be at a set value of 1-20MPa, and the front end temperature of the vaporizer 11 is lower than a target temperature of-120 ℃;
and step six, opening the proportional servo valve 8 to release pressure, opening the mold and taking out the formed curved surface piece.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-low temperature medium pressure accurate control device which characterized in that: including forming mechanism, vaporizer and control system, forming mechanism's die cavity is through first pipeline and low temperature container intercommunication, low temperature container is used for holding ultra-low temperature medium, forming mechanism's die cavity pass through the second pipeline with the front end intercommunication of vaporizer, the rear end of vaporizer passes through third pipeline and external intercommunication, be provided with the proportion servo valve on the third pipeline, control system with forming mechanism the vaporizer proportion servo valve electricity all is connected.
2. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: and the first pipeline is provided with a low-temperature booster pump.
3. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: the second pipeline is provided with a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor, and the third pipeline is provided with a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor.
4. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: and a low-temperature high-pressure stop valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
5. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: the forming mechanism comprises a female die, a male die and a blank holder, the blank holder fixes the edge of the plate blank on the female die, the cavity is arranged between the plate blank and the female die, and the male die is positioned above the plate blank.
6. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 5, wherein: and a displacement sensor is arranged on the male die, and a third pressure sensor is arranged on the blank holder.
7. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: the vaporizer comprises a central pipe, two ends of the central pipe are respectively communicated with the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and a plurality of fins are arranged on the outer wall of the central pipe.
8. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: the ultralow temperature medium is liquid argon, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium; the proportional servo valve is a proportional overflow valve or a proportional regulating valve.
9. The ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control device according to claim 1, wherein: the control system comprises a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a signal input module, a communication module, a signal output module and a touch screen, wherein the signal input module, the communication module, the signal output module and the touch screen are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC.
10. A pressure precise control method using the ultra-low temperature medium pressure precise control apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the heat dissipation area of a vaporizer for vaporizing the discharged ultralow-temperature medium and ensuring that the temperature of the tail end is higher than minus 40 ℃ according to the volume of the ultralow-temperature medium required to be discharged when the male die descends, and determining the specification of the vaporizer;
step two, putting the plate blank into a forming mechanism, and closing the blank holder to enable the plate blank to be in a compact state all the time;
filling an ultralow-temperature medium into the cavity, opening a proportional servo valve, and discharging gas generated by vaporization of the ultralow-temperature medium in the cooling process to cool the plate blank to a target temperature lower than-120 ℃;
step four, continuously filling the ultra-low temperature medium into the cavity until the pressure of the front end of the vaporizer and the pressure of the rear end of the vaporizer reach the set pressure of 1-20MPa, the front end in the vaporizer is liquid, the rear end in the vaporizer is gas, and the temperature of the rear end of the vaporizer is higher than-40 ℃;
step five, the male die descends until the forming is finished, and in the descending process of the male die, the descending speed of the male die and the opening of a proportional servo valve are adjusted in real time according to the front end temperature of a vaporizer and the rear end pressure of the vaporizer, so that the pressure of the ultralow-temperature medium in the cavity is always ensured to be a set value of 1-20MPa, and the front end temperature of the vaporizer is lower than a target temperature of-120 ℃;
and step six, opening the proportional servo valve to release pressure, opening the mold and taking out the formed curved surface piece.
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