CN112913102A - Power supply apparatus using renewable energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is constituted by a power supply apparatus using renewable energy, wherein the power supply apparatus is provided in a divided manner into 1 system and 2 systems, the power supply apparatus including: a power generation device that utilizes renewable energy; an electrical storage device; and a system interconnection conversion device for converting outputs from the power generation equipment and the power storage device into an alternating current and connecting the alternating current to an existing alternating current distribution line, wherein the monitoring control device is configured to: the monitoring control device controls the operation of replacing the 1-system and the operation of the 2-system each day by distributing the requested amount of electric power to the 1-system and the 2-system having the maximum output, by causing the electric power supply devices of the respective systems to share the supply of the requested electric power, and outputting the total value of the output of the electric power supply device of the 1-system and the output of the electric power supply device of the 2-system to the existing AC wiring as the requested electric power.

Description

Power supply apparatus using renewable energy

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a power supply apparatus for supplying stable power using renewable energy such as solar power generation.

Background

Conventionally, natural energy sources such as solar power generation and wind power generation have been distributed, and a small-scale energy network with a consumption facility, a so-called microgrid, has been put to practical use.

In such facilities, since output fluctuations based on climate fluctuations of natural energy supply sources or the like adversely affect the series-connected power systems, in order to compensate for the output fluctuations, a power storage device is provided to perform charging and discharging, and to suppress fluctuations in supply output (patent document 1).

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2001-327080

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, in the above-described conventional distributed power supply system, the output target value is defined to be gradually increased as the amount of power stored in the power storage device increases, and the following operations are performed: when the output value of the natural energy source exceeds the output target value, the output target value is output, the excess portion is charged in the power storage device, the amount of charge in the power storage device increases, the output target value also increases, and when the output value of the natural energy source is lower than the output target value, all of the portions that are insufficient to the output target value are output and compensated for by the discharge of the power storage device.

Therefore, there are problems as follows: the output value of the distributed power supply system is stepped according to time, and cannot respond to a request for supplying fixed supply power for a long period of time, for example, during daytime.

In addition, when the amount of stored electricity is reduced due to deterioration of the climate or the like, and discharge becomes impossible, it is assumed that the generated power is directly output, and stable supply of power cannot be maintained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply apparatus using renewable energy, which can stably supply power requested by a customer for a long period of time during the daytime.

Further, it is an object to provide a power supply apparatus using renewable energy that realizes stable supply of power of renewable energy at all times by alternately using power apparatuses of 1 system and 2 systems.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above objects of the present invention as described below,

first, it is constituted by a power supply apparatus using renewable energy, wherein the power supply apparatus includes: a conversion device that converts generated power from a power generation facility that uses renewable energy into fixed power per unit time; an electric storage device that performs charging and discharging of the generated electric power; and a system interconnection system converter that converts output power from the converter and/or the power storage device into ac power and outputs the ac power to an existing ac wiring, wherein the power supply device is provided in a 1-system and a 2-system, respectively, and configured to supply the total power of the 1-system and the 2-system to the existing ac wiring, the power supply device including: a monitoring control device capable of receiving data relating to generated power from each of the power supply devices of the 1-system and the 2-system and transmitting a control command to each of the power supply devices; and a 1-system control device that transmits data on the generated power of the 1-system to the monitoring control device, receives the control command for the 1-system from the monitoring control device, and controls the output power of the 1-system based on the control command, the power supply apparatus including: a 2-system controller configured to transmit data on the generated power of the 2-system to the monitoring controller, receive the control command for the 2-system from the monitoring controller, and control the output power of the 2-system based on the control command, the monitoring controller being configured to: dividing the requested supply power into two parts, setting the divided power shared by the 1 system and the divided power shared by the 2 system which is lower than the divided power shared by the 1 system, distributing each of the divided powers to the 1 system and the 2 system, respectively, allowing the power supply equipment of each system to share the divided powers, applying the control command to the control device of each system so that the total power of the divided power of the 1 system of the power supply equipment of the 1 system and the divided power of the 2 system of the power supply equipment of the 2 system is supplied to the existing ac wiring, thereby satisfying the requested supply power, and controlling the power generation equipment of the 1 system so that the output of the power supply equipment of the 1 system becomes the output of the power supply equipment of the 1 system based on the control command of the monitoring control device to the 1 system And in the case where the output power of the 1-system power generation facility is smaller than the 1-system divided power, controlling so that the output of the 1-system power supply device becomes the 1-system divided power by discharging the 1-system power storage device, the control device of the 2-system power generation facility controls the 2-system power supply facility such that the output of the 2-system power supply facility becomes the 2-system divided power based on the control command of the monitoring control device for the 2-system, and in the case where the output power of the 2-system power generating equipment exceeds the 2-system divided power, the 2-system electrical storage devices are controlled so as to be charged to the 2-system electrical storage devices described above, the monitoring control device performs control of changing the control command for the system 1 and the control command for the system 2 every day.

The 1-system and 2-system power generation facilities may be, for example, solar power generation arrays (1a to 1d, 1 system 1a, 1b, 2 system 1c, 1 d). The conversion device may be, for example, a PV converter (36a, 36 b). The 1-system and 2-system power storage devices may be, for example, storage batteries (14a, 14b) such as lead batteries and battery controllers (13a, 13 b). The system interconnection conversion devices of the 1-system and 2-system can be, for example, system interconnection inverters (15a, 15 b). The control devices of the systems 1 and 2 can be configured by, for example, smart meters (18a and 18b) and Smart Power Managers (SPMs) (21a and 21 b). The data related to the generated power received by the monitoring control device is, for example, generated power data of 1-system or 2-system power generation equipment; residual amount data of the power storage devices of the 1-system and the 2-system; data on the output power of the system interconnection conversion device of 1-system, 2-system, and the like. With this configuration, the requested supply power (e.g., 200 kw) can be distributed to and shared by the 1-system and 2-system power supply devices, and assuming that the other system (e.g., 1 system) is set such that the target value of the supply power (1-system divided power, e.g., 150 kw) is high and the amount of stored power is small, and the one system (e.g., 2 system) is set such that the target value of the supply power (2-system divided power, e.g., 50 kw) is low and the amount of stored power is large, by changing the allocation every day, the next day on the power supply facility side of the system having a large amount of stored power can always be set to the higher target value of the supplied power, and therefore, even if a large amount of discharge from the power storage device is required in the power supply equipment having a high target value of the supplied power due to a bad weather or the like, the power supply equipment can cope with the situation without any problem.

Second, the monitoring control device is constituted by the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the first aspect, wherein the monitoring control device is configured to: in the 2-system power supply apparatus, the 2-system divided power is set to be lower than the 1-system divided power of the 1-system power supply apparatus, so that the 2-system power storage devices can store a larger capacity than the 1-system power storage devices.

With this configuration, by performing the replacement operation of the 1 st and 2 nd systems, the next day on the power supply equipment side of the system having a large amount of power stored therein can be always set to the one having a high target value of power supplied, and therefore, even if a large amount of discharge from the power storage device is required in the power supply equipment having a high target value of power supplied due to a weather failure or the like, the operation can be handled without any trouble.

Third, the monitoring control device is configured to set the divided power of the 1-system in the power supply device of the 1-system in a range of 85% to 65% of the requested supply power, and set the divided power of the 2-system in the power supply device of the 2-system in a range of 15% to 35% of the requested supply power.

With this configuration, for example, in the 1-system power supply apparatus, the 1-system divided power can be set high, and the amount of charge to the 1-system power storage device can be set low, and in the 2-system power supply apparatus, the 2-system divided power can be set low, and the amount of charge to the 2-system power storage device can be set large, and by controlling the 1-system and 2-system replacement every day, it is possible to perform stable power supply while using the power generation apparatus using renewable energy.

Fourth, the monitoring control device is constituted by the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to any one of the first to third above, wherein the monitoring control device includes: a data receiving unit that wirelessly receives data related to generated power from the power supply apparatus; and a data transmission unit that wirelessly transmits various control commands to the power supply devices, wherein the control devices of the systems 1 and 2 are provided in the power supply devices, respectively, and each of the control devices includes a data transmission unit that receives data related to generated power from a smart meter provided in each of the systems and wirelessly transmits the data to the monitoring control device.

With this configuration, the power supply apparatus and the monitoring control device including the 1-system and 2-system control devices are wirelessly connected, and the monitoring control device can be installed at a location remote from the power supply apparatus of the present invention, whereby the operation control and the monitoring control of the power supply apparatus can be performed from a remote location. Thus, for example, the power supply facility of the present invention can be relatively easily installed in a distributed power supply realized by a microgrid already installed on an island or the like.

Fifth, the monitoring control device of the system 1 is constituted by the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to any one of the first to fourth, and includes: a power class setting unit that sets a plurality of target values of generated power per unit time of the 1-system power plant, wherein a power value that is the same as the divided power of the 1-system is set as a maximum target value for the power of the 1-system, and other target values are set as lower target values than the divided power of the 1-system; a comparison unit configured to determine whether or not the generated power of the 1-system power plant is higher than the maximum target value that is the divided power of the 1-system; a power generation amount control unit that, when the power generation amount is higher than the divided power of the 1 st system by the comparison of the comparison unit, sends a control command to the control device of the 1 st system so as to output the maximum target power; and a charge/discharge command unit that transmits a control command for charging the electric power exceeding the maximum target value to the electric storage device of the 1 st system, wherein when the generated electric power is lower than the divided electric power of the 1 st system by comparison of the comparison unit, the power generation amount control unit transmits a control command to the control device of the 1 st system so as to output the target value lower than the divided electric power, and the charge/discharge command unit transmits a control command to the control device of the 1 st system so as to satisfy the divided electric power of the 1 st system by compensating for a shortage of electric power from the lower target value to the divided electric power of the 1 st system by discharge from the electric storage device, and the monitoring and controlling device of the 2 nd system includes: a power class setting unit configured to set the divided power of the 2 systems to a target value of the 2 systems; a comparison unit configured to determine whether or not the generated power of the 2-system power plant is higher than a target value of the 2-system power plant; a power generation amount command unit that, when the power generation capacity of the 2-system power generation device is higher than the target value of the 2-system power generation device by the comparison of the comparison unit, sends a control command to the 2-system control device so as to output the 2-system divided power; and a charge/discharge command unit that, when the generated power of the 2-system power plant exceeds the target value of the 2-system power plant by comparison by the comparison unit, transmits a control command for charging the 2-system power storage device with the excess power, and the monitoring control device changes the control operations of the 1-system and the 2-system every day.

The plurality of target values in the system 1 are, for example, target values (S1, S2, S3, S4). The maximum target value is, for example, S2 (e.g., 150 kw) which is the same as the divided power of the 1 st system. The target values lower than the divided electric power of the system 1 are, for example, target values (S1, S3, S4). The insufficient electric power is, for example, electric power (S2-S1 ═ S1 ', S2-S3 ═ S3 ', S2-S4 ═ S4 '). The target value of the 2 systems is, for example, a target value (S5), and is the same as the divided electric power of the 2 systems (for example, 50 kw). With this configuration, when the generated power of the 1-system is lower than the divided power of the 1-system in the 1-system, the insufficient power can be compensated by the discharge from the 1-system power storage device, and the divided power of the 1-system can be supplied (fixed value, for example, S2), and the amount of power stored in the 2-system power storage device can be increased in the 2-system, and the requested supply power can be stably supplied to the existing ac wiring by the control of changing every day.

Sixthly, the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the fifth aspect, wherein the control device of the system 1 includes: a determination unit that determines whether the control command from the monitoring control device is a charging command or a discharging command; a power generation amount control unit that controls the power generation equipment of the 1-system so as to output a target value lower than the divided power, when the determination by the determination unit is a discharge command; and a charge/discharge control means for controlling the system 1 so as to compensate for the insufficient electric power by discharging the electric storage device, thereby, the divided power of the 1-system constituted by the sum of the power of the lower target value and the power of the deficiency caused by the discharge is output from the system interconnection conversion device of the 1-system, when the judgment unit judges that the power generation device is the charging command, the power generation amount control unit controls the 1-system power generation device to output the 1-system divided power, thereby, the divided electric power of the 1 st system is outputted from the system interconnection conversion device of the 1 st system, the charge/discharge control unit controls the power storage device of the 1 st system to be charged with electric power exceeding the divided electric power of the 1 st system, and the control device of the 2 nd system includes: a determination unit that determines whether the control command from the monitoring control device is a charging command or a discharging command; a power generation amount control unit that controls the 2-system power generation facility so as to output the 2-system divided power when the determination unit determines that the charging command is the charging command; and a charge/discharge control unit that controls so as to charge electric power exceeding the divided electric power of the 2-system to the electric storage device of the 2-system, whereby the divided electric power of the 2-system is output from the system interconnection conversion device of the 2-system, and the control devices of the 1-system and the 2-system replace the control operations of the 1-system and the 2-system every day by the control command from the monitoring control device.

The target values lower than the divided electric power (target value S2, e.g., 150 kw) in the system 1 are, for example, target values (S1, S3, S4). The insufficient electric power is, for example, electric power (S2-S1 ═ S1 ', S2-S3 ═ S3 ', S2-S4 ═ S4 '). The divided power of the 2 systems is, for example, 50[ kw ]. With this configuration, when the generated power of the 1-system is lower than the divided power of the 1-system in the 1-system, the electric power of the 1-system is compensated for by the discharge from the 1-system power storage device, and the divided power of the 1-system can be supplied (fixed value, for example, S2), and the amount of electric power stored in the 2-system power storage device can be increased in the 2-system, and the required supplied power can be stably supplied to the existing ac wiring by the control of changing the power every day.

Seventh, the renewable energy-based power supply system according to any one of the first to sixth, wherein a smart meter capable of communicating with the monitoring control device is provided in addition to a charging device of the electric vehicle connected to the existing ac line, and the monitoring control device increases output power of the power supply system that shares the lower divided power during the charging period when information of start of charging of the charging device of the electric vehicle is received via the smart meter.

With this configuration, since the electric power supply device of the system having a lower target value is used, the capacity of the battery is increased, and therefore, the electric power stored in the battery can be effectively used for charging the electric vehicle.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, the requested supply power can be distributed to and shared by the power supply apparatuses of the 1-system and the 2-system, and the next day on the power supply apparatus side of the system with the large amount of power storage can always be set to the one with the high target value of supply power by changing the distribution every day, assuming that the other system is set to have the high target value of supply power and the small amount of power storage, and the one system is set to have the low target value of supply power and the large amount of power storage.

Further, since the power supply equipment side of the system having a large amount of power stored can always be set to the one having a high target value of power supplied next day by performing the replacement operation, even if a large amount of discharge from the power storage device is required in the power supply equipment having a high target value of power supplied due to weather failure or the like, the power supply equipment can be handled without trouble.

Further, by wirelessly connecting the power supply device and the monitoring control device including the control devices of the 1 system and the 2 system, the monitoring control device can be installed at a place remote from the power supply device of the present invention, and the operation control and the monitoring control of the power supply device can be performed from a remote place. Thus, for example, the power supply facility of the present invention can be relatively easily installed in a distributed power supply realized by a microgrid already installed on an island or the like.

Further, since the electric power supply device of the system having a low target value is used for charging the electric vehicle, the capacity of the battery is abundant, and therefore, the electric power stored in the battery can be effectively used for charging the electric vehicle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a wiring diagram of the power supply apparatus using renewable energy of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an electrical block diagram of a control system including the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing a control operation of the monitoring control device of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram for explaining an operation of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of the SPM of the system 1 of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of the SPM of the 2-system of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the EMS of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a flowchart of the EMS of the 1-system of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 12 is a flowchart of the EMS of the 2-system of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of the EMS of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 14 (a) to 14 (c) are diagrams each showing stored data in the data storage unit of the EMS.

Fig. 15 is a flowchart of the SPM of the system 1 of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 16 is a flowchart of the SPM of the 2-system of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 17 is a block diagram of a PV converter of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1, where fig. 17 (a) shows a 1-system and fig. 17 (b) shows a 2-system.

Fig. 18 is a block diagram of a battery controller of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1, where (a) of fig. 18 shows a system 1 and (b) of fig. 18 shows a system 2.

Fig. 19 is a functional block diagram of a system 1 of the monitoring control device of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 20 is a functional block diagram of a 2-system monitoring control device of the power supply apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 21 is a functional block diagram of the system 1 of the SPM of the power supply device of fig. 1.

Fig. 22 is a functional block diagram of the system 2 of the SPM of the power supply device of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the present invention will be described in detail.

(first embodiment)

Fig. 1 shows an overall configuration of a power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the present invention.

In fig. 1, a conventional power generation facility using solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d is shown by broken lines, and each of the solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d having a plurality of solar power generation panels has an output of 100[ kw ]. Each of the solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d is connected to an ac line 3 via a power supply regulator (hereinafter, referred to as "PCS") 2a to 2d, and is connected to an external microgrid power supply 6 via a distribution transformer 4 and an output ac line (existing ac line) 5. The outputs of the solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d are respectively 100[ kw ], are converted from direct current to alternating current 380V by the PCS2a to 2d, stabilized, boosted by the distribution transformer 4 via the alternating current wiring 3 of 3-phase 4-wire 380V, and supplied to the external microgrid power supply 6 via the alternating current wiring 5.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an existing battery (vanadium redox battery, capacity 500 kwh), reference numerals 7a and 7b denote inverters (battery controllers) for the battery 7, and reference numeral 8 denotes a distribution transformer. The battery 7 stores electric power exceeding the output target value when the output power (generated power amount) exceeds the output target value, and performs an operation of discharging to maintain the output power of the output target value when the output power is lower than the output target value, based on the output target value of the existing power generation facility.

The present invention is configured to add the following to the conventional power generation facility.

Among the output DC lines of the 4 existing solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d, new DC lines 10a to 10d are connected via change-over switches 9a to 9d, and new lines 10a and 10b corresponding to the 2 solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b are connected to 2 PV converters (DC/DC converters) 11a and 11b (see fig. 17 a) without passing through PCS2a and 2b, and are connected to a DC380V line 12 as a DC power supply line. The PV converters 11a and 11b are so-called switching regulators, and convert the direct-current voltage generated by the plurality of solar power generation modules of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b into 380V, and output the 380V to the DC380V line 12.

Similarly, new direct current wirings 10c and 10d are connected via the changeover switches 9c and 9d, and the new wirings 10c and 10d corresponding to the 2 solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d are connected to 2 PV converters (DC/DC converters) 11c and 11d (see fig. 17 b) without passing through the PCS2c and 2d, and are connected to a DC380V line 12 as a direct current power supply line. The PV converters 11c and 11d are so-called switching regulators, and convert DC voltages generated by the plurality of solar power generation modules of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d into 380V, and output the 380V to the DC380V line 12.

Among the DC380V lines 12, a battery controller 13a (see fig. 18 (a)) is connected to a DC380V line 12a corresponding to the solar arrays 1a and 1b, and a lead storage battery 14a (capacity 576[ kwh ]) is connected to the battery controller 13 a. A battery controller 13b is connected to the DC380V line 12b corresponding to the solar arrays 1c and 1d, and a lead storage battery 14b (having a capacity 576 kwh) is connected to the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18 b). The battery controllers 13a and 13b perform charging and discharging operations on the batteries 14a and 14b based on control commands from a monitoring and control device (energy management system, hereinafter referred to as "EMS") 19, which will be described later.

The DC380V line 12a is connected to a grid interconnection inverter 15a (50 kw × 3), and DC380V is converted into ac (three-phase 4 lines 220V) by the inverter 15a, and is connected to a new ac wiring 17 via an ac switchboard 16a, and is connected to the existing ac wiring 3 via the new wiring 17. The DC380V line 12b is connected to a system-associated inverter 15b (50[ [ kw ] × 3 ]), and the DC380V is converted into ac (3-phase 4-line 220V) by this inverter, and is connected to the new ac wiring 17 via an ac switchboard 16b, and is similarly connected to the existing ac wiring 3 via a new wiring 17.

Here, the power supply apparatus including the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b, the PV converters 11a, 11b, the DC380V line 12a, the system-cooperative inverter 15a, the battery controller 13a connected thereto, and the battery 14a is referred to as a "1 system", and the power supply apparatus including the solar light arrays 1c, 1d, the PV converters 11c, 11d, the DC380V line 12b, the system-cooperative inverter 15b, the battery controller 13b connected thereto, and the battery 14b is referred to as a "2 system".

Fig. 2 shows an electrical block diagram (including a control system) of the power generation device of the present invention.

In fig. 2, reference numeral 18a denotes a 1-system smart meter, which detects generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b (generated power at a point a in fig. 1 and 2), remaining battery power (capacity [ kwh ], remaining power at a point b in fig. 2) as a measured value of a remaining battery power measuring device (battery monitoring unit, hereinafter referred to as "BMU") 22a, data on the output side of the 1-system interconnection inverter 15a (ac data at a point c, that is, the generated power amount [ kwh ] and/or instantaneous generated power [ kw ], generated voltage [ V ], current value [ a ], frequency [ Hz ], power factor [ cos θ ], and the like of the 1-system), and wirelessly transmits the detected generated power to a smart power manager 21a (hereinafter referred to as "SPM 21 a").

The SPM21a wirelessly transmits various data of the system 1 acquired by the smart meter 18a to a monitoring control device (energy management system, hereinafter referred to as "EMS") 19. The SPM21a wirelessly receives various control commands from the EMS19, controls the ac output (generated power) of the inter-system inverter 15a of the system 1, and controls the charging and discharging of the lead acid battery 14a via the battery controller 13 a.

Similarly, reference numeral 18b denotes a 2-system smart meter, which detects generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d (generated power at a ' point in fig. 1 and 2), a remaining battery level (capacity [ kwh ], remaining level at a b ' point in fig. 2) which is a measured value of the BMU22b, and data on an output side of the 2-system inverter 15b (ac data at a c ' point, that is, a 1-system generated power amount [ kwh ] and/or instantaneous generated power [ kw ], a generated voltage [ V ], a current value [ a ], a frequency [ Hz ], a power factor [ cos θ ], and the like), and wirelessly transmits the detected generated power to the SPM21 b.

The SPM21b wirelessly transmits various data of the 2-system acquired by the smart meter 18b to the EMS 19. The SPM21b wirelessly receives various control commands from the EMS19, controls the ac output (generated power) of the inter-system inverter 15b of the 2-system, and controls the charging and discharging of the lead storage battery 14b via the battery controller 13 b.

The smart meter controller 23 (hereinafter, referred to as "SMC") wirelessly receives a control command to the smart meters 18a and 18b from the EMS19, controls the smart meters 18a and 18b by a wireless signal, and wirelessly receives a control command to the SPMs 21a and 21b of each system from the EMS19, and wirelessly transmits the control command to the SPMs 21a and 21 b.

The control of the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the present invention will be explained.

Fig. 2 is a diagram in which a control unit for performing various controls and communication buses 20a and 20b for data are added to the newly provided wiring diagram of fig. 1.

In the system 1, the SPM21a is controlled as follows: the battery controller 13a is controlled based on a control command from the EMS19 to perform charging and discharging of the battery 14a, thereby outputting an operation for stably smoothing the fluctuation of the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b at a target value per unit time (S1 to S4, see fig. 4), and the like, and the SPM21a outputs divided power from the power supply facility of the system 1, and the SPM21a is connected to the system interconnection inverter 15a, the BMU22a, the battery controller 13a, and the PV converters 11a and 11b via the communication bus 20 a.

The SPM21a includes (see fig. 8): a program storage unit 32a that stores a program of an operation flow shown in fig. 15 and 16, which will be described later; a CPU32b that performs various controls according to the above-described program; a data storage unit 32c for temporarily storing various data during the operation of the program; and a communication unit 32d that performs communication with the smart meter 18a or the EMS19, and these devices are connected via a communication bus 32. Reference numeral 33 denotes a radio transceiver for performing communication with the smart meter 18a and the EMS 19. The communication bus 32 is connected to the system interconnection switch 15a, the BMU22a, and the battery controller 13a via the communication bus 20a via the I/O32 e.

The BMU22a is a device capable of detecting the remaining amount of the battery 14a, and in the case of a secondary battery such as the lead-acid battery, the charge/discharge characteristics and the internal resistance of the secondary battery to be used are measured in advance, and the electromotive force is calculated by measuring the terminal voltage and the current of the secondary battery, whereby the amount of charge in the battery can be obtained from the charge/discharge characteristics. Therefore, the amount of stored electricity when the battery is fully charged is detected in advance, and the remaining battery level can be detected by subtracting the amount of stored electricity from the amount of stored electricity when the battery is fully charged. The BMU22a always transmits the remaining battery capacity data to the SPM21a and the EMS19 by wireless or wired transmission.

The same configuration is applied to the system 2 (see fig. 2), and the SPM21b is controlled as follows: by performing charging and discharging of the battery 14b via the battery controller 13b based on a control command from the EMS19, operations for stably smoothing fluctuations in the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1c, 1d at a target value per unit time (see fig. 4, S5) and the like are output, and divided power is output from 2-system power supply facilities, and the SPM21b is connected to the interconnection inverter 15b, the BMU22b, the battery controller 13b, and the PV converters 11c, 11d via the communication bus 20 b.

The SPM21b (see fig. 9) includes: a program storage unit 33a that stores a program of an operation flow shown in fig. 15 and 16, which will be described later; a CPU33b that performs various controls according to the above-described program; a data storage unit 33c for temporarily storing various data during the operation of the program; and a communication unit 33d that performs communication with the smart meter 18b or the EMS19, and these devices are connected via a communication bus 33'. Reference numeral 34 denotes a wireless transceiver for performing communication with the smart meter 18b and the EMS 19. The communication bus 33' is connected to the system interconnection switch 15b, the BMU22b, and the battery controller 13b via the communication bus 20b via the I/O33 e. Since the control of the 1 st system and the 2 nd system is changed every day, both programs (the programs of fig. 15 and 16) are stored in the program storage units 32a and 33a of the SPMs 21a and 21b of fig. 8 and 9.

The BMU22b is a device capable of detecting the remaining amount of the battery 14b, and detects the remaining amount of the battery 14b by the same configuration as the BMU22a in the case of a secondary battery such as the lead storage battery, and transmits the remaining amount of battery data to the EMS19 wirelessly at all times. The SMC23 (see fig. 2) is commonly provided in the 1-system and the 2-system, receives a wireless control command from the EMS19, and distributes the command to the 1-system or 2-system smart meters 18a and 18b, respectively.

The EMS19 can bidirectionally communicate with the smartmeters 18a and 18b, the SMC23, the SPM21a and 21b, and the BMUs 22a and 22b by wireless, and for example, a radio wave having a WiFi standard of a 2.4GHz band can be used. Of course, a relay may be provided between the EMS19 and the power plant, and the relay may be configured to transmit and receive signals. The EMS19 receives various data (for example, data relating to at least generated power of the 1-system and 2-system power generation devices, remaining power data of the 1-system and 2-system power storage devices, output power of the 1-system and 2-system interconnection conversion devices, and the like) transmitted from the SPM21a of the 1-system and the SPM21b of the 2-system, and controls so that the sum of the output power of the 1-system interconnection inverter 15a (divided power shared by the 1-system) and the output power of the 2-system interconnection inverter 15b (divided power shared by the 2-system) can always output the requested fixed supply power to the output ac line 5 from 3 to 15 points.

Specifically, the EMS19 has the structure shown in fig. 10. The EMS19 includes: a program storage unit 19b for storing a program of an operation flow shown in fig. 3, 11 to 13 described later; a CPU19a that performs various controls according to the control program; a data storage unit 19d (see fig. 14) for temporarily storing various data during the operation of the control program; a communication unit 19c for performing communication with the wireless transceiver 31 via the hinge 30; an input unit 19e such as a keyboard; and a display unit 19f, a display for displaying various information, and the like, which are connected via a communication bus 19'.

Next, the overall configuration of the control system of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 5. What constitutes the control of the present invention is the EMS19 described above. A plurality of smart meters 18a and 18b are installed in each system, and the various measurement data (including data from BMUs 22a and 22 b) from the smart meters 18a and 18b are transmitted to the EMS19 via SPMs 21a and 21b at all times or at fixed intervals. Thus, the EMS19 acquires various data of each system. The EMS19 also receives weather data from the weather-observing device 39 and uses the data for power consumption prediction and the like. The EMS19 is configured to: the control command is transmitted to the SPM21a, 21b or SMC23 based on the various data transmitted, and the output power of the electric power equipment of the 1-system and the 2-system can be controlled. Further, FAN control refers to Field Area Network (Field Area Network) control. In fig. 5, the power outage startup device 44 transmits a startup command for recovering power to the SPMs 21a and 21b during a power outage.

Hereinafter, an outline of the operation of the power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 3 and 4.

The EMS19 controls the electric power equipment realized by the renewable energy source as follows with respect to the electric power requested by the customer (the requested supply electric power). Here, the power request is, for example, such that the supply power (power request) requested at 9 to 15 points of the power supply time is 200[ kw ]. Therefore, the change-over switches 9a to 9d are set to be switched from the existing equipment side to the new additional equipment side (the new dc lines 10a to 10d side) between points 9 and 15.

In fig. 3, first, a customer request is input to the EMS 19. In this case, the requested supply power 200 kw and the supply time from 9 to 15 are input to the EMS19 (see P1 in fig. 3).

The EMS19 divides the signal into 200 kw and distributes the signal to the 1 st system and the 2 nd system (see P2 in fig. 3). Here, the following are set: the power distribution is 150[ kw ] in the 1-system (maximum output of the grid-connected inverter 15a, divided power of the 1-system), and 50[ kw ] in the 2-system (maximum output or less, that is, 1/3 of the maximum output of the grid-connected inverter 15b, divided power of the 2-system), and the distribution is changed every day (see P23 in fig. 3, the 1-system and the 2-system in fig. 4). Therefore, on the first day, 150[ kw ] of fixed power is output from the power equipment of the 1-system (see the supplied power amount K1 in fig. 4), 50[ kw ] of fixed power is output from the power equipment of the 2-system (see the supplied power amount K2 in fig. 4), the total fixed power 200[ kw ] of the 1-system and the 2-system is output to the external microgrid 6 (see the supplied power amount K3 in fig. 4), the power equipment of the 1-system is replaced on the second day, 50[ kw ] of fixed power is output from the power equipment of the 1-system, 150[ kw ] of fixed power is output from the power equipment of the 2-system, and the replacement operation is repeated every day (see P23 and fig. 13 in fig. 4 and 3).

Next, the operation of the EMS19 of the electric power plant of the system 1 will be described.

The EMS19 receives the generated power data of the 1-system (the generated power M1 of the 1-system in fig. 4) at fixed time intervals or at all times by wireless via the smart meter 18a (the SPM21a) (see P3 in fig. 3). The generated power is obtained by the power generation of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b, and therefore, is not stable over time, and constantly changes finely as shown by M1 in fig. 4, for example, and has a mountain shape with the daytime as a vertex as a whole.

Upon receiving the generated power data, the EMS19 sets a target value of power per unit time (see P4 in fig. 3) so that the generated power is 150kw (fixed) as a whole (set as a target value S2). Specifically, the target value S1 (< S2) is set from time t1 to time t2, the target value S2 (< 150[ kw ], maximum output) is set from time t2 to time t3, the target value S3 (< S2) is set from time t3 to time t4, and the target value S4 (< S2) is set from time t4 to time t5 (see fig. 4, 1 system). The target value S2 is set to the maximum rated value of 150[ kw ]. Thus, the target value S2 matches the divided power of system 1.

Then, the generated power M1 is compared with the target value (see P5 in fig. 3). By this comparison operation, when the generated power M1 at that time is greater than the target value S1 between time t1 and time t2, the SPM21a is instructed to output all of the target value S1 to the DC380V line (see P6 and P11 in fig. 3), and the SPM21a is instructed to supplement the generated power M1 exceeding the target value S1 (S2 to S1 — S1') from the battery 14a by discharging (see P12 in fig. 3). Therefore, as shown in fig. 4, from time t1 to t2, the SPM21a controls the power generator so that the fixed power generation corresponding to the target value S1 is sent to the DC/AC inverter (grid interconnection inverter) 15a via the DC380V line 12a (see arrows L1 and L2 in fig. 4), and the power generation corresponding to (S2-S1-S1') is sent from the battery 14a to the DC/AC inverter (grid interconnection inverter) 15a via the DC380V line 12a (see arrow L4 in fig. 4), and is converted from the DC voltage to the alternating current of the 3-phase 4 line 220V by the inverter 15a, and is output to the new wiring 17 (see P9 in fig. 3 and arrow L5 in fig. 4). By this operation, the fixed electric power of 150[ kw ] (═ S2) is output from the DC/AC inverter (grid interconnection inverter) 15a to the new wiring 17 (see arrow L5 in fig. 4). In this operation, similarly from the time t3 to the time t4 and from the time t4 to the time t5, the electric power of the portions of the target values S3 and S4 obtained by the power generation of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b and the electric power of the portions of (S2-S3 ═ S3 ') and (S2-S4 ═ S4') are compensated by the electric power obtained by the discharge from the battery 14a, and the fixed electric power of the period 150[ kw ] (divided electric power) is supplied from the system-cooperation inverter 15a to the new wiring 17 (see P9 in fig. 3 and arrow L5 in fig. 4).

Thereafter, the EMS19 detects that 15 points (see P10 in fig. 3) as the request time have not elapsed, returns to step P3 again, and repeats the operations of steps P4 to P10.

In step P6 of fig. 3 (the range from time t2 to time t3), if it is determined that the generated power exceeds the target value S2, the EMS19 instructs the SPM21a to output all the fixed power of the target value (S2 — 150[ kw) (see P7 of fig. 3), and instructs the SPM21a to charge the battery 14a with the power exceeding the target value (see P8 of fig. 3).

Therefore, by this operation, during a period from time t2 to time t3, 150[ kw ] of fixed electric power is output from the DC/AC inverter (grid interconnection inverter) 15a to the newly provided wiring 17 (see arrows L1 and L2 in fig. 4), and the generated electric power exceeding the target value S2 is charged in the battery 14a (see arrow L3 in fig. 4).

When the generated power M1 is less than the target value S1, the instruction is made to output all the generated power S1 and discharge the insufficient portion from the battery 14a so that the output power becomes 150kw (see P11 and P12 in fig. 3).

Next, the operation of the EMS19 of the power plant of the 2-system will be described.

The EMS19 wirelessly receives the generated power data of the 2-system (the generated power M2 of the 2-system in fig. 4) via the smart meter 18b (SPM21b) (see P13 in fig. 3). Since the generated power is obtained by the power generation of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d, the generated power is not stable over time, and similarly, for example, as shown by M2 in fig. 4, the generated power constantly changes finely, and has a mountain shape with the daytime as a vertex as a whole.

Upon receiving the generated power data, the EMS19 sets a target power per unit time to be 50kw (fixed) as a whole (see P14 in fig. 3). Specifically, the fixed output target value S5 is set from time t1 to time t5 (P14 in fig. 3). In this case, the target value is set to be lower than the fixed target value of the generated power M2 at any time (S5 is 50[ kw ], divided power).

Thereafter, the generated power M2 is compared with the target value S5 (see P15 in fig. 3). By this comparison operation, since the generated power M2 at that time is greater than the target value S5 between time t1 and time t5, the SPM21b is instructed so that the target value S5 is output to the DC380V wiring 12b (see P16 and P17 in fig. 3), and the SPM21b is instructed so that the generated power M2 exceeding the target value S5 is charged into the battery 14a (P18 in fig. 3). Therefore, as shown in fig. 4, by the control of the SPM21b, the fixed generated power (50[ kw ]) corresponding to the target value S5 from time t1 to time t5 is sent to the DC/AC inverter (grid interconnection inverter) 15b via the DC380V line 12b (see arrows L1 ' and L2 ' in fig. 4), converted from the direct-current voltage to the alternating current of 220V in the 3-phase 4 line by the inverter 15b, and output to the newly installed wiring 17 (P19 in fig. 3 and arrow L5 ' in fig. 4). By this operation, 50[ kw ] of fixed power is output from the DC/AC inverter 15b to the newly-installed wiring 17, and the battery controller 13b charges the battery 14b with the generated power M2 exceeding the target value S5 by the control of the SPM21b (see P18 in fig. 3 and arrow L3' in fig. 4).

By the above control, the fixed power, which is the total value 200[ kw ] of the output powers of the grid interconnection inverter 15a and the grid interconnection inverter 15b, can be supplied to the output ac wiring 5 (see the supply power K3 in fig. 4).

Thereafter, the EMS19 checks whether or not the time point 15 (see P20 in fig. 3) is reached, returns to step P13 again, and repeats the operations from step P14 to step P20. In this case, since the output power of the 2-system is low at 50[ kw ], the rate of charging the battery 14b increases, and the battery 14b can be brought into a state close to substantially full charge.

When the generated power is less than the target value S5, the instruction is made to output all of the generated power M2 and discharge the insufficient amount of electricity from the battery 14b so that the output power becomes 50[ kw ] (see P21 and P22 in fig. 3). However, since the target value S5 for the 2-system is set to be considerably low with respect to the generated power, the battery is mainly charged in the 2-system.

When the time point reaches 15, the EMS19 changes the operations of the 1-system and the 2-system, and repeats the operations from step P2 onward from 9 on the next day (see P23 in fig. 3). Therefore, the following are set: from 9 o' clock on the following day, the power generation output of 150[ kw ] was shared by 2 systems (power generation power of 50[ kw ]) on the previous day, and the power generation output of 50[ kw ] was shared by 1 system (power generation power of 150[ kw ]) on the previous day. After that, the 1-system operation and the 2-system operation are sequentially replaced each day.

In this way, the power equipment of 2 systems is installed, the requested power is distributed to 1 system and 2 systems, for example, 75% of the requested power (150 kw) is output by the 1 system, 25% of the requested power (50 kw) is output by the 2 systems, so that 100% (200 kw) of the requested power can be supplied in total by the 2 systems, and by changing (replacing) the distribution every day, it is possible to store a large amount of power in the storage battery that shares 25% of the power equipment, and in the case after replacement (sharing 75%), it is possible to sufficiently cope with a situation in which the generated power does not reach the target value due to the influence of weather or the like and a large amount of discharge has to be performed from the storage battery.

Further, the low charge state is repeated every day when the battery is in a state close to full charge, so that the life of the battery can be extended.

The above-described 75% and 25% distribution is an example, and the ratio of the distributed power can be arbitrarily set. For example, the power of 1 system may be set to any one of 85% to 65%, and the power of 2 systems may be set to any one of 15% to 35%. But importantly, it is set in the following way: instead of dividing the shared power of both systems equally, the power supplied to one system is made larger (e.g., 150 kw) and the power supplied to the other system is made smaller (e.g., 50 kw), and the battery of the other system is charged more. Thus, the storage battery of the system sharing the low supply power can always be brought into a state close to full charge (see the storage battery 14b of the system in fig. 4 and 2), and when the high supply power is shared on the next day, the supply power can be maintained by the discharge from the storage battery of the system even if the generated power is reduced due to sudden climate change or the like.

Next, the operation of the power supply apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail.

The functional blocks of the EMS19 are shown in fig. 19 (system 1) and 20 (system 2), and the functional blocks of the SPMs 21a and 21b are shown in fig. 21 (system 1) and 22 (system 2). These functional blocks are described together with the description of the actions.

In fig. 4, S2 is set to 150[ kw ] of 1 system, and S5 is set to 50[ kw ] of 2 systems. As shown in fig. 17 a and 17 b, the PV converters 11b and 11c of the PV converters 11a, 11b and 2 of the 1-system are constituted by a PV converter 36a, the PV converter 36a is constituted by a power generation amount control unit 35a for controlling the power generation amounts (power generation amounts of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b) to the DC/DC converters 11a 'and 11 b', the PV converter 36a is constituted by a PV converter 36b, and the PV converter 36b is constituted by a power generation amount control unit 35b for controlling the power generation amounts (power generation amounts of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d) to the DC/DC converters 11c 'and 11 d'. As shown in fig. 18 (a) and 18 (b), the battery controller 13a of the system 1 includes: a charge/discharge control unit 37a that charges/discharges the charging power of the battery 14a to/from the DC380V line 12 a; and a power control unit 38a for controlling the discharged power, wherein the 2-system battery controller 13b includes: a charge/discharge control unit 37b that charges/discharges the charging power of the battery 14b to/from the DC380V line 12 b; and a power control unit 38b for controlling the discharged power.

First, the power request is 200[ kw ] at 9 to 15 points (6 hours) of the power supply time (see the supply power amount K3 in fig. 4). The 200 kw electric power is allocated 150kw in 1 system (the supply electric power amount K1 in fig. 4, divided electric power), and 50kw in 2 systems (the supply electric power amount K2 in fig. 4, divided electric power), and a 200 kw electric power request (the supply electric power K3 in fig. 4) is realized by the total of 1 system and 2 systems. Then, the 1 system and the 2 systems are replaced every day for this power distribution. That is, the next day 1 shares 50[ kw ] systematically and 2 shares 150[ kw ] systematically. These conditions are input in advance from the input unit 19e (see fig. 10) of the EMS19 into the EMS19, and are stored in the data storage unit 19d (see P1 and P2 of fig. 11, and (a) of fig. 14).

As shown in M1 in fig. 4, the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b of system 1 for 1 day is in a mountain shape with the vicinity of noon as the apex. The generated power is input to PV converters 11a and 11b (PV converter 36a in fig. 17 a) via new DC lines 10a and 10b, converted into DC380V by the PV converters 11a and 11b, and supplied to a DC380V line (DC power supply line) 12 a.

At this time, the generated power (generated power at a point a in fig. 1 and 2), the storage capacity of the storage battery 14a (remaining capacity of the storage battery sensed by the BMU22a, a point b in fig. 2), and the output power of the system interconnection inverter 15a (power at a point c in fig. 1 and 2) are detected by the smart meter 18a in the new dc lines 10a and 10b, and these data are transmitted from the smart meter 18a to the SPM21a (see fig. 8), and the SPM21a stores these data in the storage unit 32c, and transmits the data to the EMS19 at fixed intervals via the communication unit 32d and the wireless transceiver 33. Thus, the EMS19 (see fig. 10) receives the data via the wireless transceiver 31 and stores the data in the data storage unit 19d (see system 1 in fig. 14b, P3 in fig. 11). The EMS19 can display the data chart of these 1 systems on the display unit 19f (see fig. 10) as needed.

Similarly, as shown in M2 in fig. 4, the generated power for 1 day of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d of the 2-system is in a mountain shape with the midday vicinity as a vertex. The generated power is input to PV converters 11c and 11d (fig. 17 b and PV converter 36b) via new DC lines 10c and 10d, converted into DC380V by the PV converters 11c and 11d, and supplied to a DC380V line (DC power supply line) 12 b.

At this time, the generated power (the generated power at the point a ' in fig. 1 and 2), the storage capacity of the storage battery 14b (the remaining capacity of the storage battery sensed by the BMU22b, the point b ' in fig. 2), and the output power of the system interconnection inverter 15b (the power at the point c ' in fig. 1 and 2) are detected by the smart meter 18b, and these data are transmitted to the SPM21b (see fig. 9) through the smart meter 18b, and the SPM21b stores these data in the data storage 33c and transmits them to the EMS19 at fixed time intervals through the communication unit 33d and the wireless transceiver 34. The EMS19 (fig. 10) receives these data via the wireless transceiver 31 and stores them in the data storage unit 19d (see system 2 in fig. 14b, P3 in fig. 11). The EMS19 can display the data graphs of these 2 systems on the display unit 19f (see fig. 10) as needed.

As described above, the EMS19 always grasps the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a to 1d of the 1-system and the 2-system, the remaining amount of the storage batteries 14a and 14b, and the output power of the system- cooperative inverters 15a and 15b, by the various transmission data from the SPMs 21a and 21b at fixed time intervals or at all times (see P3 in fig. 11).

(1 System time t1 to time t2, see FIGS. 11 and 15)

The EMS19 (fig. 10, CPU19a) grasps the remaining amount data of the battery 14a from the SPM21a of the system 1 (see P4 of fig. 11, data receiving section 39a of fig. 19, and remaining battery amount sensing section 39g), and based on the transmission data, the comparing section 39b (see fig. 19) senses that the generated power at point a in the system 1 (time t1 to time t2) does not reach 150[ kw ] as the maximum output (see no of P5 of fig. 11), the power level setting section 39f (see fig. 19) sets the fixed power (see P6 of fig. 11, S36 of fig. 14 (c) stored in the power generation amount instruction section 39c (see fig. 19) at time t1 to time t2 in the system 1, and instructs the SPM21 SPM a to make the S1[ kw ] output from the DC 1a to the DC380 a (see DC380 a/AC inverter 7) of the system 1 (see P7 of fig. 11), the charge/discharge command unit 39d (see fig. 19) instructs the SPM21a to output (discharge) the part of the insufficient power of (150[ kw ] (═ S2) -S1 ═ S1 ') from the battery 14a to the system-associated inverter 15a (see P8 of fig. 11, the data transmission unit 39e, fig. 19, and S1' of (c) of fig. 14). Note that the EMS19 (power class setting unit 39f, see fig. 19) determines the target value of the generated power (< 150 kw) at time t1 as S1, and the generated power amount command unit 39c instructs the SPM21a to output the fixed power S1 from the DC380V line 12a to the grid-connected inverter 15a until the generated power exceeds S2(150 kw) (see P7 in fig. 11).

The EMS19 (remaining battery level sensing unit 39g, fig. 19) recognizes the remaining battery level of the battery 14a from the BMU22a via the SPM21a, and sets the output power S1 to a power level at which the output power 150[ kw ] can be output, by compensating for insufficient power (S2-S1 ═ S1') by discharge from the battery 14a based on the remaining battery level (see P6 in fig. 11, and S1+ S1 ═ 150[ kw ] in fig. 14 (c)).

The SPM21a (fig. 8, CPU32b) receives the control command (command data) from the EMS19 via the wireless transceiver 33 (data receiving means 40a, see fig. 21), and the determining means 40d (fig. 21) determines whether the command is a charge command or a discharge command (see P1 of fig. 15), and here is a discharge command (see P2 of fig. 15, yes), so the process proceeds to steps P3 and P4, and the charge/discharge controlling means 40c (see fig. 21) instructs the power control unit 38a of the battery controller 13a (see fig. 18 a) to generate insufficient power corresponding to (S2-S1-S1 '), and instructs the charge/discharge controlling unit 37a to discharge the fixed power to the DC380V line 12a (S2-S1-S1') (at times t 8-t 2) (see P4 of fig. 15, arrow L4 of fig. 4). The SPM21a (power generation amount control unit 40b, see fig. 21) instructs the power generation amount control unit 35a of the PV converter 36a (see fig. 17 a) to output the fixed value S1 of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b to the DC380V line 12a via the DC/DC converters 11a 'and 11 b' (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L1 in fig. 4), and as a result, controls the system 1 (see P5 in fig. 15 and arrow L5 in fig. 4) so that the fixed value S1 of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L2 in fig. 4) is output to the system interconnection inverter 15a and the total value of the discharge power and the generated power from the battery 14a becomes the fixed value S2 of 150[ kw ] (divided power).

This situation continues until the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b exceeds S2 which is 150[ kw ], whereby the fixed power of S1 composed of the generated power from the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b is supplied from the DC380V line 12a to the grid interconnection inverter 15a (refer to arrow L2 in fig. 4) at time t1 to time t2, and the discharged fixed power of (S2-S1 — S1') from the battery 14a is supplied from the DC380V line 12a to the grid interconnection inverter 15a (refer to arrow L4 in fig. 4), as a result of which the fixed power of 150kw (S2) which is the total power is converted into alternating-current power by the grid interconnection inverter 15a, and is output to the alternating-current wiring 3 via the new wiring 17 through the line of 3-phase 4 line 220V. Therefore, at time t1 to t2, 150[ kw ] (divided power) of fixed power (target value S2) is supplied to the output ac line 5.

(2 time t1 to time t2 in the system, see FIGS. 12 and 16.)

In the 2-system, the EMS19(CPU19a, remaining battery level sensing unit 42g, see fig. 20) also recognizes the remaining battery level of the BMU22b of the 2-system (see P15 of fig. 12), and then the comparison unit 42b senses, based on the transmission data, that the generated power at the point a' in the 2-system (time t1 to time t2) exceeds 50[ kw ] = S5 (target value Sm, m ═ 5), which is the shared power of the 2-system (see P16 of fig. 12).

Thus, in the system 2, the EMS19 (power level setting unit 42f, see fig. 20) sets the output power S5 to 50[ kw ] (target value) (see P17 in fig. 12, S5 in fig. 14 (c)), the power generation amount command unit 42c instructs the SPM21b to output the fixed power (divided power) of 50[ kw ] (S5) from the DC380V line 12b to the system interconnection inverter (DC/AC inverter) 15b (see P18 in fig. 12) at the time t1 to t2, and the charge and discharge command unit 42d (see fig. 20) instructs the SPM21b to charge the storage battery 14b (see P19 in fig. 12) with the generated power exceeding S5(50[ kw ]).

Therefore, in the SPM21b (fig. 9, CPU33b), the determination unit 43d (see fig. 22) determines that the charging command is the charging command, the wireless transceiver 34 (data reception unit 43a, see fig. 22) receives the control command (command data) from the EMS19 (see P1 of fig. 16), and the power generation amount control unit 43b (see fig. 22) instructs the power generation amount control unit 35b of the PV converter 36b (see fig. 17 b) to output the fixed value S5(50[ kw ]) out of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d to the DC380V line 12b (see P2 of fig. 16 and arrow L1 ' of fig. 4) through the DC/DC converters 11c and 11d ', and as a result, the fixed value S5 (divided power) out of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d is output to the system interconnection inverter 15b (see P2 of fig. 16 and P1 ' of fig. 16, Arrow L2 'in fig. 4, and the charge/discharge control unit 43c (see fig. 22) instructs the charge/discharge control unit 37b of the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18 b)) to charge the generated power exceeding S5(50[ kw ]) (see P3 in fig. 16 and arrow L3' in fig. 4).

The fixed power (S5) of 50[ kw ] is thus converted into ac power (3-phase 4-line 220V) by the grid interconnection inverter 15b, and is output to the output ac wiring 5 via the new wiring 17 (see P4 of fig. 16, arrow L5' of fig. 4). Therefore, at time t1 to t2, 50[ kw ] of the fixed electric power is supplied to the output ac wiring 5, and the electric power generated in excess of S2(50[ kw ]) is charged in the electric storage device 14b (see arrow L3' in fig. 4).

In this manner, at time t1 to t2, 50[ kw ] of electric power in 2 systems is output to the new wiring 17 through the system interconnection inverter 15 b. Further, the EMS19 instructs the battery controller 13b to charge the generated power exceeding 50[ kw ] through the SPM21b in the above 2 system. Thus, at time t1 to t2 of the 2-system, the battery (storage battery) 14b is charged with the electric power exceeding 50[ kw ] (see arrow L3' in fig. 4).

Therefore, at the time t1 to t2, a fixed power (the supply power amount K3 in fig. 4) of 200[ kw ] in total, that is, 150[ kw ] which is the output power of the 1-system-cooperative inverter 15a and 200[ kw ] which is the total value of 50[ kw ] of the output power of the 2-system-cooperative inverter 15b, is stably supplied to the external microgrid power supply 6 via the output ac wiring 5 in the new wiring 17.

(1 System time t2 to time t3, see FIGS. 11 and 15)

The EMS19 (fig. 10, CPU19a, remaining battery level sensing unit 39g, see fig. 19) goes through step P10 of fig. 11, returns to step P4, and confirms the remaining battery level at the current time point (see P4 of fig. 11) by the BMU22 a. The EMS19 (the comparing unit 39b, see fig. 19) senses that the generated power (power at point a) of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b exceeds the target value S2(═ 150[ kw ]) based on the transmission data from the SPM21a at the time of exceeding time t2 in the system 1 (see yes at P5 in fig. 11), in the system 1, the generated power exceeds 150kw (see P5 in fig. 11) from time t2 to t3, therefore, the EMS19 (power level setting unit 39f, see fig. 19) sets and stores the fixed power S2 (target value Sp, P ═ 2) of 150[ kw ] until the generated power becomes 150[ kw ] or less (until time t3) (see P11 in fig. 11 and S2 in fig. 14 (c)), and the generated power amount command unit 39c instructs the SPM21a to output the fixed power S2(150[ kw ]) from the DC380V line 12a to the system-cooperation inverter (DC/AC inverter) 15a (see P12 in fig. 11). At the same time, after time t2, the EMS19 (charge/discharge command unit 39d) instructs the SPM21a to charge the battery 14a (see P13 in fig. 11) with the generated power exceeding S2(150 kw) until the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b becomes S2 or less (until time t3), and transmits an output command for totaling the power of 150kw (see P14 in fig. 11) to the SPM21 a.

When the time t2 elapses, the SPM21a (fig. 8, CPU32b, data receiving unit 40a, see fig. 21) receives a control command (see P1 in fig. 15) from the EMS19 via the wireless transceiver 33, and the determining unit 40d (see fig. 21) determines whether the command is a charging command or a discharging command (see P2 in fig. 15), and the process proceeds to step P7. That is, the SPM21a (the power generation amount control unit 40b, see fig. 21) instructs the power generation amount control unit 35a of the PV converter 36a (see fig. 17 a) to output the fixed value S2(150[ kw ]) of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b to the DC380V line 12a (see P7 of fig. 15 and arrow L1 of fig. 4) via the DC/DC converters 11a ', 11 b', and as a result, outputs the fixed value S2(150[ kw ]) of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b to the grid-connected inverter 15a (see P5 of fig. 15 and arrow L2 of fig. 4). Thus, the fixed power (S2 — 150[ kw ]) of the generated power is output from the grid-connected inverter 15a to the new wiring 17 (see P5 in fig. 15 and arrow L5 in fig. 4). The SPM21a (the charge/discharge control unit 40c, see fig. 21) controls the charge/discharge control unit 37a of the battery controller 13a (see fig. 18 a) to charge the battery 14a with respect to the generated power exceeding S2(150 kw) (see P8 in fig. 15 and arrow L3 in fig. 4).

Therefore, in the 1-system, the fixed power (divided power) of 150[ kw ] is output to the new wiring 17 through the system interconnection inverter 15a from time t2 to time t3 (see P5 in fig. 15 and arrow L5 in fig. 4). In addition, the EMS19 instructs the battery controller 13a to charge the battery controller 13a via the SPM21a for the generated power exceeding 150[ kw ] at time t2 to t3 (refer to arrow L3 in fig. 4). Thus, the electric power exceeding 150[ kw ] is charged into the battery 14a from time t2 to t 3.

(2 time t2 to time t3 in the system, see FIGS. 12 and 16.)

On the other hand, in the system 2, the EMS19 (remaining battery level sensing unit 42g, fig. 20) continuously checks the remaining battery level from the BMU22b (see P15 in fig. 12), and the comparison unit 42b still recognizes that the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1c and 1d of the system 2 exceeds 50[ kw ] (═ S5) at the time t2 to t3 (see P16 in fig. 12 and S5 in fig. 4), and the generated power amount command unit 42c instructs the SPM21b to output the fixed power of 50[ kw ] from the DC380V line 12b to the system interconnection inverter (DC/AC inverter) 15b (see P18 in fig. 12). Thus, at time t2 to t3, the SPM21b (the power generation amount control unit 43b, see fig. 22) controls the PV converter 36b (see fig. 17 b), and in the 2-grid system, the fixed power of 50[ kw ] is output to the new wiring 17 through the grid-interconnection inverter 15b (see P2 and P4 in fig. 16, and arrows L1 ', L2 ', and L5 ' in fig. 4). In the system 2 described above, for the generated power exceeding 50[ kw ], the EMS19 (charge/discharge command unit 42d, see fig. 20) instructs the battery controller 13b to charge through the SPM21b (see P19 in fig. 12). Thus, the SPM21b (the charge/discharge control unit 43c, see fig. 22) instructs the charge/discharge control unit 37b of the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18b) to charge the generated power exceeding S5(═ 50[ kw ]) (see P3 in fig. 16). Therefore, at time t2 to t3 of the 2-system, the battery 14b is charged with a large electric power exceeding 50[ kw ] (see arrow L3' in fig. 4). In this manner, in the system 2, the charge amount of the battery 14b becomes extremely large (see the battery 14b in fig. 4).

Therefore, at the time t2 to t3, a total of 150[ kw ] (see the supply power amount K1 in fig. 4) of the output power of the system-connected inverter 15a of 1 system and 50[ kw ] (see the supply power amount K2 in fig. 4) of the output power of the system-connected inverter 15b of 2 system is stably supplied to the new wiring 17, and a fixed power amount (see the supply power amount K3 in fig. 4) is continuously supplied.

(1 System time t 3-time t4, see FIGS. 11 and 15)

Similarly, EMS19 (fig. 10, CPU19a, remaining battery level sensing unit 39g, fig. 19) recognizes the remaining level of the above-mentioned storage battery 14a based on the transmission data from BMU21a by step P4 of fig. 11, and comparing unit 39b senses that the generated power of solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b becomes S2(═ 150[ kw ]) or less at time t3 based on the transmission data from the above-mentioned SPM21a (no of fig. 11), power level setting unit 39f (fig. 19) sets and stores fixed power S3 (target value Sn, n ═ 3) lower than 150[ kw) (refer to P6 of fig. 11, S38 of fig. 14 (c)), instruction generating amount 39c instructs the power generation amount a so that the power S3 is output to the system interconnection inverter 15a (refer to P7 of fig. 11), and instructs the storage battery 21a a to discharge from the storage battery 14a (SPM 638) so as to compensate for the shortage of the power S638 (S638'), 8), the SPM21a is instructed to set the total value of the discharge power from the battery 14a and the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b to a fixed power of 150kw (S2) (see P9 in fig. 11).

At this time, the EMS19 (remaining battery level sensing unit 39g, see fig. 19) senses the remaining battery level (see P4 in fig. 11) of the BMU22a based on the transmission data, and therefore, the power level setting unit 39f determines whether or not the insufficient power of the remaining battery level supply (S2-S3-S3 ') of the battery 14a is available, determines the level of the fixed power S3 (target value) (see P6 in fig. 11, and S3+ S3': 150[ kw ] of fig. 14 c) so that the total power of the generated power S3 and the discharge of the battery 14a can be maintained at 150[ kw ] within the range of the power of the available remaining battery level discharge (S2-S3), and notifies the level to the SPM21 a.

Since the SPM19 (fig. 8, CPU32b) receives the control command from the EMS19 (see P1 in fig. 15) via the wireless transceiver 33, and the determination unit 40d (see fig. 21) determines whether the command is a charge command or a discharge command (see P2 in fig. 15), and here is a discharge command (yes in P2 in fig. 15), the charge/discharge control unit 40c moves to steps P3 and P4 at times t3 to t4, and instructs the power control unit 38a of the battery controller 13a (see (a) in fig. 18) to generate insufficient power corresponding to (S2-S3 ═ S3'), and instructs the charge/discharge control unit 37a to discharge the power (S2-S3) to the DC380V line 12a (at times t3 to t 4) (see arrows P4, L3 and L4 in fig. 15, 4). The SPM21a (power generation amount control unit 40b) instructs the power generation amount control unit 35a of the PV converter 36a (see fig. 17 a) to output the fixed value S3 of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b to the DC380V line 12a (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L1 in fig. 4) via the DC/DC converters 11a 'and 11 b', and as a result, controls the system 1 (see fig. 15P 5 and arrow L5 in fig. 4) so that the fixed value S3 of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b is output to the system interconnection inverter 15a (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L2 in fig. 4) and the total value of the discharge power (see arrow L4 in fig. 4) from the battery 14a and the generated power (see arrow L2 in fig. 4) becomes the fixed value S2 of 150[ kw ].

Thus, at time t3 to time t4, the fixed electric power (see arrow L5 in fig. 4) of the electric power of S3, which is the generated electric power from the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b, and the 150[ kw ] (S2) of the total electric power of (S2-S3 ═ S3') from the battery 14a is output to the new wiring 17 through the grid interconnection inverter 15a (see P5 in fig. 15 and the supply electric power amount K1 in fig. 4).

(2 System time t 3-time t4, see FIGS. 12 and 16)

On the other hand, in the system 2, the EMS19 (generated power amount command unit 42c, fig. 20) similarly instructs the SPM21b to output the electric power of 50[ kw ] (S5) from the DC380V line 12b to the system interconnection inverter (DC/AC inverter) 15b (refer to P18 in fig. 12) through the routines P15 to P17 in fig. 12 at the time t3 to t 4. Thus, at time t3 to t4, in the system 2, the control of the PV converter 36b (see fig. 17 b) by the SPM21b (fig. 9, CPU33b) causes S5 ═ 50[ kw ] to be output to the new wiring 17 through the system interconnection inverter 15b (see fig. 16, P2 and P4, and arrows L2 ', L5' and the supply power amount K2 in fig. 4). In the system 2 described above, the EMS19 (charge/discharge command unit 42d) commands the battery controller 13b to charge the battery through the SPM21b for the generated power exceeding 50[ kw ] (see P19 in fig. 12). Accordingly, the charge/discharge control unit 37b of the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18b) is controlled by the SPM21b (see fig. 9, CPU33b, charge/discharge control unit 43c, and fig. 22) to charge the battery with the electric power exceeding 50[ kw ] at time t3 to t4 of the 2-system (see P3 of fig. 16 and arrow L3' of fig. 4).

Therefore, at the above-described time t3 to t4, the new wiring 17 stably supplies the fixed electric power of 200[ kw ], that is, 150[ kw ] (see the supply electric power amount K1 in fig. 4) which is the output power of the system interconnection inverter 15a of 1 system and 200[ kw ] which is the total output power of 50[ kw ] (see the supply electric power amount K2 in fig. 4) which is the output power of the system interconnection inverter 15b of 2 system, to the external microgrid 6 (see the supply electric power K3 in fig. 4) via the output ac wiring 5.

(1 System time t 4-time t5, see FIGS. 11 and 15)

Further, the operations at times t4 to t5 are the same as those at times t3 to t 4. That is, the EMS19 (fig. 10, CPU19a, battery remaining amount sensing unit 39g, fig. 19) confirms the remaining amount of the storage battery 14a (see P4 in fig. 11) based on the data from the SPM21a, the EMS19 (comparison unit 39b) senses that the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a, 1b is equal to or less than the target value S2 (no: 150[ kw ]) and also senses that the generated power becomes equal to or less than the fixed power S3 (no in P5 in fig. 11, S4 in fig. 14 (c)) at time t4 based on the transmission data from the SPM21a, the power level setting unit 39f determines the fixed power S4 (target value Sn, n: 4) that is lower than 150[ kw ] and further lower than the above S3 (see P6 in fig. 11), the power level instruction unit 39c instructs the SPM21a to cause the power S4 to be output to the system interconnection inverter 15a (see P6 in fig. 11), and the instruction unit 39d instructs the SPM21 to discharge the generated power to compensate the charging/discharging of the storage battery 14a (see P2-2) and the charging/discharging of P8 of 11), the SPM21a is instructed so that the total value of the discharge power from the battery 14a and the generated power of the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b becomes 150kw (S2) (see P9 of fig. 11).

At this time, the EMS19 (remaining battery level sensing unit 39g, fig. 19) senses the remaining battery level of the BMU22a from the transmission data, determines whether or not the electric power that can be supplied with the remaining battery level (S2-S4 ═ S4 ') of the battery 14a is available, determines the fixed electric power S4 (< S3) within the range of the electric power that can be supplied with the discharged remaining battery level (S2-S4 ═ S4'), and notifies the SPM21a (see P6 in fig. 11 and S4+ S4 ═ 150[ kw ] in fig. 14 (c)).

Since the SPM21a (the data receiving unit 40a, see fig. 21) receives the control command from the EMS19 (see P1 in fig. 15) via the wireless transceiver 33, and the determination unit 40d determines whether the command is a charge command or a discharge command (see P2 in fig. 15), and here is a discharge command (see P2 in fig. 15), the charge/discharge control unit 40c moves to steps P3 and P4 at times t4 to t5, instructs the power control unit 38a of the battery controller 13a (see (a) in fig. 18) to generate insufficient power corresponding to (S2-S4 ═ S4'), and instructs the charge/discharge control unit 37a to discharge the power to the DC380V line 12a (S2-S4) (at times t4 to t 5) (see P4 in fig. 15 and arrow L4 in fig. 4). The SPM21a (power generation amount control unit 40b) instructs the power generation amount control unit 35a of the PV converter 36a (see fig. 17 a) to output the fixed value S4 of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b to the DC380V line 12a (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L1 in fig. 4) via the DC/DC converters 11a 'and 11 b', and as a result, controls the system 1 (see fig. 15P 5 and arrow L5 in fig. 4) so that the fixed value S4 (see P3 in fig. 15 and arrow L2 in fig. 4) of the power generated by the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b is output to the system interconnection inverter 15a and the sum of the discharge power (see arrow L4 in fig. 4) from the battery 14a and the generated power (see arrow L2 in fig. 4) becomes the fixed value (S2) of 150[ kw ].

Thus, at time t4 to time t5, the fixed electric power of 150[ kw ] (S2) which is the total electric power of the electric power of S4 composed of the generated electric power from the solar power generation arrays 1a and 1b and the electric power from the battery 14a (S2-S4 ═ S4') is output to the new wiring 17 by the grid-connected inverter 15a (see P5 in fig. 15, arrow L5 in fig. 4, and supply electric power amount K1).

(2 System time t 4-time t5, see FIGS. 12 and 16)

On the other hand, in the system 2, the EMS19 (generated power amount command unit 42c, fig. 20) similarly goes from step P15 (see fig. 12) to step P17, and at this time t4 to t5, the generated power also exceeds S5(50[ kw ]) (see P16 of fig. 12), and therefore, the SPM21b continues to be instructed to output the power of 50[ kw ] from the DC380V line 12b to the system-cooperative inverter (DC/AC inverter) 15b (see P18 of fig. 12). Thus, at time t4 to t5, 50[ kw ] of the power in the 2-system is output to the new wiring 17 through the system interconnection inverter 15b (see arrows L2 'and L5' in fig. 4). In the system 2 described above, the EMS19 (charge/discharge control unit 42d) instructs the battery controller 13b to charge the generated power exceeding 50[ kw ] through the SPM21b (see P19 in fig. 12). Thereby, at time t4 to t5 of the 2-system, the battery is charged with electric power exceeding 50[ kw ] (see arrow L3' in fig. 4).

Therefore, at time t4 to t5, in the system 2, the PV converter 36b (see fig. 17 b) is controlled by the SPM21b (see fig. 9, CPU33b, generated power amount control unit 43b, and fig. 22), and 50[ kw ] of electric power is output to the new wiring 17 through the system-cooperation inverter 15b (see P2 and P4 in fig. 16, and arrow L5' in fig. 4). In the system 2, the battery 14b is charged with the electric power exceeding 50[ kw ] at time t4 to t5 of the system 2 by the control of the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18b) by the SPM21b (see fig. 9, CPU33b, charge/discharge control unit 43c, and fig. 22) (see fig. 16P3 and arrow L3' of fig. 4). Thereby, 50[ kw ] of electric power is output from the grid interconnection inverter 15b (refer to fig. 16P4, arrow L5' in fig. 4).

Therefore, at the above-described time t4 to t5, a total of 200[ kw ], that is, a fixed power of 200[ kw ], which is a total value of 150[ kw ] (the supply power amount K1 in fig. 4) of the output power of the system-cooperative inverter 15a of the 1 system and 50[ kw ] (the supply power amount K2 in fig. 4) of the output power of the system-cooperative inverter 15b of the 2 system, is stably supplied to the external microgrid power source 6 (see the supply power amount K3 in fig. 4) via the output ac wiring 5.

By the above operation, a constant and stable power of a total value 200[ kw ] (the supply power amount K3 in fig. 4) of 150[ kw ] of 1 system (the supply power amount K1 in fig. 4) and 50[ kw ] of 2 systems (the supply power amount K2 in fig. 4) is supplied to the new wiring 7 during a period from time t1 to time t5 (a period from 9 to 15 points which is a requested supply time). The electric power supplied to the new wiring 7 is boosted by the existing ac wiring 3 and distribution transformer 4, and is supplied to the microgrid power supply 6 via the ac wiring 5.

The EMS19 may be configured to switch the selector switches 9a to 9d to the existing devices with respect to the generated power before the time t1 and the generated power after the time t5, and to charge the existing battery 7 with the existing devices (PCS2a to PCS 2d sides). Alternatively, the EMS19 instructs the battery controllers 13a and 13b to charge the storage areas 14a and 14b through the SPMs 21a and 21b for the generated power before the time t1 and the generated power after the time t5, instead of switching to the existing devices, and as a result, the generated power before the time t1 and the generated power after the time t5 are charged in the storage batteries 14a and 14 b.

Then, the EMS19 (fig. 10, CPU19a) was replaced with 1 system and 2 systems (see P1 to P3 in fig. 13) each day. That is, the control is performed such that the electric power equipment sharing the 1 system shares the algorithm of the 2 system (see fig. 12 and 16) (divided electric power 50 kw) on the second day, and the electric power equipment sharing the 2 system shares the algorithm of the 1 system (see fig. 11 and 15) (divided electric power 150 kw) (see P2 in fig. 13) on the second day.

As described above, by configuring such that the maximum output (150 kw) is set for example in the 1-system power equipment and the remaining power (50 kw in this case) is output in the 2-system power equipment, and the storage battery is charged in a large amount in the power equipment sharing the 2-system, the power equipment that has charged in a large amount next shares the 1-system sharing power with the large-power sharing power, and therefore, when the amount of power generation does not reach the requested amount of supply power due to a climate difference on the day, the storage battery of the 1-system is discharged to compensate the supply power, and stable power can be supplied extremely efficiently.

Further, since the storage battery of the 2-system is mainly charged and the storage battery of the 1-system is mainly discharged, the storage battery of the single system is charged on a certain day and discharged on the next day, and the cycle of charging or discharging is realized every other day, so that the life of the storage battery can be maintained very long.

Further, since the grid-connected inverters 15a and 15b use 3 grid-connected inverters (total 150 kw) having a capacity (rated output) of 50kw for both 1 grid and 2 grids, there is an advantage that the maximum output (150 kw) is used for the 1 grid and the maximum output (50 kw) is used for the single grid-connected inverter for the 2 grid, and the conversion efficiency is high in both the grids.

(second embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 6 and 7.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of charging devices 24 for an electric vehicle are connected to the ac line 5 of the external microgrid to which the power supply apparatus of the present invention is connected. The switches 25a are connected to the respective charging devices 24 via the smart meter 25.

The EMS19 (remaining battery level sensing unit 42g of system 2, see fig. 20) monitors the BMUs 22b of system 2 (not the maximum output side, but the system sharing 50kw in the first embodiment) and always checks the battery capacity of system 2. Since the remaining battery capacity of the system 2 is usually excessive, the EMS19 transmits a chargeable signal to the smart meter 25 via the SMC 23.

In this state, when the electric vehicle 26 is connected to the charging device 24, the connection of the electric vehicle 26 is transmitted from the smart meter 25 to the EMS19 via the SMC23, the power transmission command is sent from the EMS19 to the SMC23, and the charging start command is sent from the SMC23 to the smart meter 25. The smart meter 25 turns on a switch 25a, and supplies the electric power from the ac wiring 5 to the electric vehicle 26 to charge the electric vehicle.

At this time, the EMS19 gives a power increment command to the SPM21b, and based on the command, the supply power of the 2-system is increased only during the charging period of the electric vehicle as shown by the increased powers C1 and C2 (see fig. 7). Specifically, the SPM21b sends a discharge command to the charge/discharge control unit 37b of the battery controller 13b (see fig. 18b), thereby discharging the ac power from the battery 14b to the grid interconnection inverter 15b (see arrow L4 'in fig. 7), and supplies the ac power to the ac wiring 5 via the grid interconnection inverter 15b (see arrow L5' in fig. 7, and supply power amounts C1 and C2). Since C1 is a component of 1 electric vehicle 26 in fig. 6 and there are 2 electric vehicles in fig. 6, the increase power in fig. 7 is C1 and C2.

When the charging is completed, the smart meter 25 transmits the completion of the charging to the EMS19 via the SMC23, and therefore the EMS19 instructs the SPM21b to stop the increase in the output. As a result, the boost powers C1 and C2 disappear.

In this way, when the charging facility of the electric vehicle is provided on the wiring of the external microgrid, in the 2-system, that is, the system in which the storage battery is nearly fully charged, the electric power can be reliably supplied to the EV charging system by increasing the supply power during the charging period of the electric vehicle. Of course, the systems sharing the added power C1, C2 are replaced daily. For example, the following configurations may be adopted: a changeover switch is provided between the EV charging ac wiring connected to the charging device 24 and the grid interconnection inverters 15a and 15b, and the EV charging ac wiring is connected to the one with lower shared power (2 grids in the first embodiment) and is changed over every day.

As described above, the present invention can distribute and share requested supply power to the electric power equipments of the 1 st and 2 nd systems, and can always cope with a case where the electric power supply equipment side of the system having a large amount of stored power is next set to the one having a high target value of supply power by changing the distribution every day, on the assumption that the other system is set to have a high target value of supply power and a small amount of stored power and the one system is set to have a low target value of supply power and a large amount of stored power.

Further, by performing the replacement operation, the next day on the power supply equipment side of the system having a large amount of stored power can be set to the side having a high target value of supplied power, and even if it is assumed that a large amount of discharge from the power storage device is required in the power supply equipment having a high target value of supplied power due to weather failure or the like, the replacement operation can be handled without trouble.

In addition, in a system that shares high electric power, the divided electric power is set to the maximum output of the grid-connected inverter of the system, and thus the electric power can be efficiently converted.

Further, by connecting the power supply device and the monitoring control device by wireless, the monitoring control device can be installed at a place remote from the power supply device of the present invention, and the operation control and the monitoring control of the power supply device can be performed from a remote place. Thus, for example, the power supply facility of the present invention can be relatively easily installed in a distributed power supply realized by a microgrid already installed on an island or the like.

Further, since the batteries 14a and 14b of the 1-system with a large discharge amount and the 2-system with a large storage amount are alternately used, the life of the batteries can be maintained for a long time.

Further, since the electric power supply device of the system having a low target value is used for charging the electric vehicle, the capacity of the battery is abundant, and the electric power stored in the battery can be effectively used for charging the electric vehicle.

Industrial applicability

According to the power supply apparatus using renewable energy of the present invention, since it can be installed in an existing distributed power supply relatively easily, it can contribute to stabilization of power of a microgrid such as an island.

Description of the reference numerals

1a to 1 d: a solar power generation array;

5: the existing AC wiring;

11a to 11 d: a PV converter;

13a, 13 b: a battery controller;

14a, 14 b: a storage battery;

15a, 15 b: a system interconnection inverter;

19: EMS (supervisory control unit);

18a, 18 b: a smart meter;

21a, 21 b: SPM (intelligent power manager);

24: a charging device;

25: a smart meter;

26: an electric vehicle;

36a, 36 b: a PV converter;

39a, 42 a: a data receiving unit;

39b, 42 b: a comparison unit;

39c, 42 c: a power generation amount instruction unit;

39d, 42 d: a charge and discharge command unit;

39e, 42 e: a data transmitting unit;

39f, 42 f: a power level setting unit;

40b, 43 b: a power generation amount control unit;

40c, 43 c: a charge and discharge control unit;

40d, 43 d: a judgment unit;

40e, 43 e: a data transmitting unit;

S1-S4: 1a plurality of target values of the system;

s2: 1 maximum target value of the system;

s5: 2 target value of the system.

Claims (7)

1. An electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy, wherein,

the power supply apparatus includes: a conversion device that converts generated power from a power generation facility that uses renewable energy into fixed power per unit time; an electric storage device that performs charging and discharging of the generated electric power; and a system interconnection system converter that converts output power from the converter and/or the power storage device into ac power and outputs the ac power to an existing ac wiring, wherein the power supply device is provided in a 1-system and a 2-system, respectively, and configured to supply the total power of the 1-system and the 2-system to the existing ac wiring, and the power supply device includes:

a monitoring control device capable of receiving data relating to generated power from each of the power supply devices of the 1-system and the 2-system and transmitting a control command to each of the power supply devices; and

a control device of the 1-system for transmitting data on the generated power of the 1-system to the monitoring control device, receiving the control command for the 1-system from the monitoring control device, and controlling the output power of the 1-system based on the control command,

the power supply apparatus is provided with: a 2-system control device for transmitting data on the generated power of the 2-system to the monitoring control device, receiving the control command for the 2-system from the monitoring control device, and controlling the output power of the 2-system based on the control command,

the monitoring control device is configured to: dividing the requested supply power into two parts, setting the divided power shared by the 1-system and the divided power shared by the 2-system lower than the divided power shared by the 1-system, distributing the divided powers to the 1-system and the 2-system, respectively, causing the power supply equipment of each system to share the divided powers, and giving the control command to the control device of each system so that the total power of the divided power of the 1-system of the power supply equipment of the 1-system and the divided power of the 2-system of the power supply equipment of the 2-system is supplied to the existing ac wiring to satisfy the requested supply power,

the 1-system control device controls the 1-system power generation facility such that the output of the 1-system power supply facility becomes the 1-system divided power based on the control command of the monitoring control device for the 1-system, and controls the 1-system power supply facility such that the output of the 1-system power supply facility becomes the 1-system divided power by discharging the 1-system power storage device when the output power of the 1-system power generation facility is smaller than the 1-system divided power,

the control device of the 2-system controls the power generation facility of the 2-system so that the output of the power supply facility of the 2-system becomes the divided power of the 2-system based on the control command of the monitoring control device for the 2-system, and controls the power storage device of the 2-system so as to charge the power storage device of the 2-system when the output power of the power generation facility of the 2-system exceeds the divided power of the 2-system,

the monitoring control device performs control of changing the control command for the system 1 and the control command for the system 2 every day.

2. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to claim 1, wherein,

the monitoring control device is configured to: in the 2-system power supply apparatus, the 2-system divided power is set to be lower than the 1-system divided power of the 1-system power supply apparatus, so that the 2-system power storage devices can store a larger capacity than the 1-system power storage devices.

3. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,

the monitoring control device sets the divided power of the 1-system to be within a range of 85% to 65% of the requested supply power in the power supply device of the 1-system, and sets the divided power of the 2-system to be within a range of 15% to 35% of the requested supply power in the power supply device of the 2-system.

4. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

the monitoring control device includes: a data receiving unit that wirelessly receives data related to generated power from the power supply apparatus; and a data transmission unit that wirelessly transmits various control commands to the power supply apparatus,

the control devices of the systems 1 and 2 are provided in the respective power supply facilities, and each of the control devices includes a data transmission unit that receives data on generated power from a smart meter provided in each of the systems and wirelessly transmits the data to the monitoring control device.

5. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein,

with regard to the system of the above 1,

the monitoring control device includes:

a power class setting unit that sets a plurality of target values of generated power per unit time of the 1-system power plant, wherein a power value that is the same as the divided power of the 1-system is set as a maximum target value for the power of the 1-system, and other target values are set as lower target values than the divided power of the 1-system;

a comparison unit configured to determine whether or not the generated power of the 1-system power plant is higher than the maximum target value that is the divided power of the 1-system;

a power generation amount control unit that, when the power generation amount is higher than the divided power of the 1 st system by the comparison of the comparison unit, sends a control command to the control device of the 1 st system so as to output the maximum target power; and a charge/discharge command unit that sends a control command for charging the power storage device of the system 1 with electric power exceeding the maximum target value,

by comparison with the comparison means, when the generated power is lower than the 1-system divided power, the power generation amount control means sends a control command to the 1-system control device so as to output the target value lower than the divided power, and the charge/discharge command means sends a control command to the 1-system control device so as to satisfy the 1-system divided power by compensating for the insufficient power from the lower target value to the 1-system divided power by the discharge from the power storage device,

with respect to the system of the above 2,

the monitoring control device includes:

a power class setting unit configured to set the divided power of the 2 systems to a target value of the 2 systems;

a comparison unit configured to determine whether or not the generated power of the 2-system power plant is higher than a target value of the 2-system power plant;

a power generation amount command unit that, when the power generation capacity of the 2-system power generation device is higher than the target value of the 2-system power generation device by the comparison of the comparison unit, sends a control command to the 2-system control device so as to output the 2-system divided power; and

a charge/discharge command unit that, when the generated power of the 2-system power plant exceeds the target value of the 2-system power plant by the comparison of the comparison unit, transmits a control command for charging the power storage device of the 2-system with the excess power,

the monitoring control device changes the control operations of the system 1 and the system 2 every day.

6. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to claim 5, wherein,

the control device of the system 1 described above includes: a determination unit that determines whether the control command from the monitoring control device is a charging command or a discharging command;

a power generation amount control unit that controls the power generation equipment of the 1-system so as to output a target value lower than the divided power, when the determination by the determination unit is a discharge command; and a charge/discharge control means for controlling the system 1 so as to compensate for the insufficient electric power by discharging the electric storage device,

thereby, the divided power of the 1-system constituted by the sum of the power of the lower target value and the power of the shortage due to the discharge is output from the system interconnection conversion device of the 1-system,

when the judgment unit judges that the charging command is issued, the power generation amount control unit controls the 1-system power generation devices to output the 1-system divided power, whereby the 1-system divided power is output from the 1-system interconnection conversion device,

the charge/discharge control means controls the power storage device of the 1 st system to be charged with electric power exceeding the divided electric power of the 1 st system,

the control device of the 2 systems described above includes: a determination unit that determines whether the control command from the monitoring control device is a charging command or a discharging command;

a power generation amount control unit that controls the 2-system power generation facility so as to output the 2-system divided power when the determination unit determines that the charging command is the charging command; and a charge/discharge control means for controlling the power storage device of the 2-system to be charged with electric power exceeding the divided electric power of the 2-system,

thereby, the divided power of the 2 systems is output from the 2 systems interconnection conversion device,

the control devices of the 1 st system and the 2 nd system replace the control operations of the 1 st system and the 2 nd system every day by the control command from the monitoring control device.

7. The electric power supply apparatus using renewable energy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,

a charging device of an electric vehicle is connected to the existing AC wiring, and a smart meter capable of communicating with the monitoring control device is provided,

the monitoring and controlling device increases the output power of the power supply equipment that shares the lower divided power only during the charging period when receiving the information of the start of charging of the charging device of the electric vehicle via the smart meter.

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