CN112910821A - Method for increasing carrier frequency offset estimation reliability and estimation range - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing carrier frequency offset estimation reliability and estimation range, which comprises the steps of respectively estimating by setting a first cyclic prefix index and a second cyclic prefix index to obtain a first carrier frequency offset estimation result and a second carrier frequency offset estimation result, and calibrating the first carrier frequency offset estimation result by the second carrier frequency offset estimation result to be used as a current carrier frequency offset estimation result. The invention not only ensures the accuracy of frequency offset estimation, but also ensures that the frequency offset estimation has a larger estimation range under the scene of large Doppler frequency offset.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a method for increasing carrier frequency offset estimation reliability and estimation range.
Background
Multipath transmission in a wireless channel causes channel fading, causing the amplitude and phase of the received signal to vary over time. In a mobile communication system of coherent reception, phase information of a multipath signal can be estimated by pilot information. The speed of the fading channel change depends on the doppler frequency offset of the channel, and the larger the doppler frequency offset, the faster the channel change, which requires that the receiving end can estimate the doppler frequency offset in real time and dynamically adjust the system parameters according to the doppler frequency offset to obtain the optimal receiving performance.
The Doppler frequency offset of a multipath channel is estimated by pilot frequency information, which relates to factors such as estimation precision and estimation range, and how to enlarge the estimation range of frequency offset is an important problem in a high Doppler frequency offset scene.
The existing Carrier Frequency Offset estimation technology basically obtains Doppler Frequency Offset by estimating phase difference between pilot Frequency symbols, and if the method needs to reach a higher CFO (Carrier Frequency Offset) estimation range, the estimation accuracy of the CFO can be reduced; on the contrary, if the estimation accuracy of the CFO needs to be ensured, the estimation range of the CFO needs to be reduced.
The two indexes of the CFO estimation accuracy and the CFO estimation precision have certain mutual exclusivity, so that the CFO estimation accuracy and the CFO estimation range are ensured under the scene of large Doppler frequency offset, and the performance requirements of the CFO estimation accuracy and the CFO estimation range are difficult to meet simultaneously by utilizing the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide a method for increasing the reliability and estimation range of carrier frequency offset estimation, comprising the following steps:
s1, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining first frequency domain data A1 by setting a first Cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding Cyclic Prefix (CP), and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the CP is removed;
s2, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining second frequency domain data B1 by setting a second cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding CP, and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the CP is removed;
s3, extracting a pilot sequence from the first frequency domain data A1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a first channel estimation value H1;
s4, extracting a pilot frequency sequence from the second frequency domain data B1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a second channel estimation value H2;
s5, obtaining a first carrier frequency offset estimation CFO1 according to the first channel estimation H1;
and S6, updating the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO1 at the current moment by using the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre in the validity period.
S7, obtaining a second carrier frequency offset estimated value CFO2 according to the second channel estimated value H2;
and S8, adjusting the result of the first carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO1 according to the size of the second carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO2 to obtain the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO of the current time, and storing and outputting the carrier frequency offset estimation result of the current time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention not only ensures the accuracy of frequency offset estimation, but also ensures that the frequency offset estimation has a larger estimation range under the scene of large Doppler frequency offset.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first cyclic prefix index;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second cyclic prefix index (timing advance);
fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a second cyclic prefix index (timing delay);
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of estimation using historical carrier frequency offset estimates.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for increasing the reliability and estimation range of carrier frequency offset estimation of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining first frequency domain data A1 by setting a first cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding cyclic prefix and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal with the CP removed;
s2, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining second frequency domain data B1 by setting a second cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding CP, and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the CP is removed;
s3, extracting a pilot sequence from the first frequency domain data A1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a first channel estimation value H1;
s4, extracting a pilot frequency sequence from the second frequency domain data B1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a second channel estimation value H2;
s5, obtaining a first carrier frequency offset estimation CFO1 according to the first channel estimation H1;
and S6, updating the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO1 at the current moment by using the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre in the validity period.
S7, obtaining a second carrier frequency offset estimated value CFO2 according to the second channel estimated value H2;
and S8, adjusting the result of the first carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO1 according to the size of the second carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO2 to obtain the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO of the current time, and storing and outputting the carrier frequency offset estimation result of the current time.
The present invention estimates the CFO by artificially constructing a new received signal by modifying the index position from which the cyclic prefix is removed, and corrects the CFO calculated according to the index position from which the normal CP is removed using the CFO. The method can solve the problem of phase reversal of the estimated carrier frequency offset and improve the accuracy of CFO estimation; meanwhile, the CFO at the current moment is updated by using the historical effective CFO, the main idea is to adjust the center frequency of carrier frequency offset estimation, and a larger dynamic estimation range can be achieved under the scene of linear change of frequency offset estimation by adjusting the center frequency on the premise of unchanging the estimation range. The schematic diagram of the extended dynamic range may refer to fig. 5, assuming that the estimation range for performing the correction without using the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre is-1000 Hz to 1000Hz, and the estimation range after adding the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre is CFOpre-1000Hz to CFOpre +1000Hz, a larger dynamic range may be obtained in a mobile scene in which the carrier frequency offset linearly changes.
The base station inputs a received time domain signal sent by the terminal, wherein the time domain signal is a baseband processing signal; fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4 are diagrams illustrating a process of removing cyclic shift, where the time-domain received signal is obtained by removing cyclic shift according to the position indication of the first cyclic shift index and the second cyclic shift index; and then, performing time domain to frequency domain operation, namely Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) on the obtained time domain signal according to each symbol. Channel estimation results on Resource Elements (REs) corresponding to pilot symbols can be obtained by extracting the receiving signals of the DMRS positions of the frequency domain signals and performing correlation operation on the pilot sequences, and the channel estimation results on all the RE positions can be obtained by interpolating the results. And calculating carrier frequency offsets CFO1 and CFO2 according to the result of channel estimation of the time domain sequences generated by the first cyclic shift index and the second cyclic shift index. The CFO1 is corrected by using the history CFOpre of the carrier frequency offset, the CFO1 is corrected by using the CFO2, and finally the carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO at the current time is output and stored in a register for the calculation of the next carrier frequency offset estimation.
The specific flow of carrier frequency offset estimation is as follows:
s1, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining first frequency domain data A1 by setting a first Cyclic Prefix (CP) index, removing the corresponding CP, and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the CP is removed;
as shown in fig. 2, the method in which the first cyclic index is set to remove the corresponding CP is to remove the cyclic shift according to the normal sampling position indicated by the timing, and the removed length is the cyclic shift length itself;
s2, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining second frequency domain data B1 by setting a second cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding CP, and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the CP is removed;
as shown in fig. 3 (timing advance), fig. 4 (timing delay), the method for removing the corresponding CP by setting the second cyclic index is to advance or delay the normal sampling position indicated by the timing by a certain sampling point and then remove the cyclic shift, and the removed length is the cyclic shift length itself;
s3, extracting pilot frequency sequence from the first frequency domain data A1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position, and obtaining the frequency domain channel estimation result H1 of all frequency domain positions by utilizing the interpolation calculation of the channel estimation result of the pilot frequency position;
s4, extracting pilot frequency sequence from the second frequency domain data B1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position, and obtaining the frequency domain channel estimation result H2 of all frequency domain positions by utilizing the interpolation calculation of the channel estimation result of the pilot frequency position;
s5, obtaining a first carrier frequency offset estimation CFO1 according to the first channel estimation H1, the calculation steps are as follows:
wherein Hs0Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a first demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; hs1Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a second demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; n is a radical ofsymRepresenting the distance between two DMRS symbols, and the dimension is a symbol; ScNum represents the number of subcarriers;
s6, updating the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO1 at the current time by using the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre in the validity period, and the calculation steps are as follows:
CFO1＝(1-α)*CFO1+α*CFOpre；
if there is no stored historical carrier frequency offset estimate CFOpre or the value is invalid, then no adjustment is made to the results of the CFO1 calculation;
when the time interval between the current time and the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value is smaller than a time difference threshold TimeThr, the time difference threshold TimeThr is defined as valid, and can be calculated by a method which is not limited to the following method:
the time difference threshold is preset and issued by a base station or calculated by the channel coherence time or calculated by the time when the last confirmation character is received;
s7, obtaining a second carrier frequency offset estimation CFO2 according to the second channel estimation H2, the calculation steps are as follows:
s8, the result of the first carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO1 is adjusted according to the size of the second carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO2 to obtain the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO of the current time, and the calculation method is as follows:
if CFO is satisfied2> 0 and CFO1＜-CFOthrThen, then
If CFO is satisfied2< 0 and CFO1＞CFOthrThen not to CFO1Adjusting the calculation result;
if the two conditions are not met, not to CFO1The calculation result of (a) is adjusted.
Wherein N issymRepresenting computational CFO1Between two DMRS symbolsThe dimension is a symbol; CFOthrA maximum phase value representing an actual carrier frequency estimate in a particular scenario; hs0Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a first demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; hs1Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a second demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; n is a radical ofsymRepresenting the distance between two DMRS symbols, and the dimension is a symbol; ScNum represents the number of subcarriers;
maximum phase value CFO of actual carrier frequency estimationthrThe calculation method of (2) includes, but is not limited to, the following methods:
the method comprises the steps of presetting and issuing through a base station, calculating in real time according to the moving speed of User Equipment (UE) or calculating according to the symbol interval of two DMRSs.
The method for storing the estimation result of the carrier frequency offset at the current time comprises the following steps:
assigning the carrier frequency offset estimation value of the current moment to the CFOpreAnd stored in a register, CFOpre＝CFO1。
Assuming that the historical carrier frequency offset estimate CFOpre is 80Hz, but the true carrier frequency offset at the current time is 200Hz, consider the AWGN channel, and the noise power is 0. The conversion formula for the carrier frequency offset estimation result from unit angle to unit Hz is as follows:
cpLenShort＝144/2048；
FOinHz＝round(FOinAngle*2spacConfig*15000/(1+cpLenShort))；
assuming that the current configuration spacConfig is equal to 0, the result of the conversion weight part in the conversion formula is as follows:
2spacConfig*15000/(1+cpLenShort)≈14000；
the current phase of CF01 obtained after channel estimation is:
the symbol spacing between the two DMRSs in this example is NsymThe phase of CFO1 is calculated as 7:
this value was converted to 0.0143 x 14000 ═ 200.0091Hz in Hz.
The invention not only ensures the accuracy of frequency offset estimation, but also ensures that the frequency offset estimation has a larger estimation range under the scene of large Doppler frequency offset.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for increasing carrier frequency offset estimation reliability and estimation range, comprising the steps of:
s1, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining first frequency domain data A1 by setting a first cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding cyclic prefix and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the cyclic prefix is removed;
s2, for the received time domain signal of the pilot frequency position, obtaining second frequency domain data B1 by setting a second cyclic prefix index, removing a corresponding cyclic prefix and performing frequency domain conversion operation on the time domain signal after the cyclic prefix is removed;
s3, extracting a pilot sequence from the first frequency domain data A1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a first channel estimation value H1;
s4, extracting a pilot frequency sequence from the second frequency domain data B1 according to the known pilot frequency domain resource position and obtaining a second channel estimation value H2;
s5, obtaining a first carrier frequency offset estimation CFO1 according to the first channel estimation H1;
and S6, updating the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO1 at the current moment by using the historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre in the validity period.
S7, obtaining a second carrier frequency offset estimated value CFO2 according to the second channel estimated value H2;
and S8, adjusting the result of the first carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO1 according to the size of the second carrier frequency offset estimation value CFO2 to obtain the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO of the current time, and storing and outputting the carrier frequency offset estimation result of the current time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the setting of the first cyclic index to remove the CP is to remove the cyclic shift according to the normal sampling position indicated by the timing, and the removed length is a cyclic shift length;
the method for removing the corresponding CP by setting the second cyclic index is to advance or delay the normal sampling position indicated by the timing by a certain sampling point and then remove the cyclic shift, wherein the removed length is the cyclic shift length.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the advancing or delaying the normal sampling position by a certain sampling point length does not exceed the cyclic shift length itself.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting the pilot sequence and obtaining the first channel estimation value comprises: calculating to obtain a frequency domain channel estimation result of a frequency domain position corresponding to the pilot frequency sequence; performing interpolation calculation by using the channel estimation results of the pilot frequency positions to obtain frequency domain channel estimation results of all frequency domain positions;
the extracting the pilot sequence and obtaining the second channel estimation value includes:
calculating to obtain a frequency domain channel estimation result of a frequency domain position corresponding to the pilot frequency sequence;
and performing interpolation calculation by using the channel estimation results of the pilot frequency positions to obtain frequency domain channel estimation results of all frequency domain positions.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating method for obtaining the first carrier frequency estimation value according to the first channel estimation result comprises:
wherein Hs0Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a first demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; hs1Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a second demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; n is a radical ofsymThe space between the symbol positions of the two demodulation reference signals is represented, and the dimension is the symbol; ScNum represents the number of subcarriers.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO1 at the current time is updated by using the valid historical carrier frequency offset estimation value CFOpre, and the method comprises:
if there is a stored historical carrier frequency offset estimate CFOpre and this value is valid, the CFO1 is first updated and the CFO1 is filtered in the time direction:
CFO1＝(1-α)*CFO1+α*CFOpre；
if there is no stored historical carrier frequency offset estimate CFOpre or the value is invalid, then no adjustment is made to the results of the CFO1 calculation;
wherein Hs0Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a first demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; hs1Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a second demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; n is a radical ofsymThe space between the symbol positions of the two demodulation reference signals is represented, and the dimension is the symbol; ScNum represents the number of subcarriers; CFOpreRepresenting historical carrier frequency offset estimates stored in a register; α represents a filtering factor, which may be preconfigured by the base station.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the utilization of the historical carrier frequency offset estimation CFOpre during the validity period is defined as that the time interval between the current frequency offset estimation time and the historical frequency offset estimation time is less than a time difference threshold, which is denoted as TimeThr;
the calculation method of the time difference threshold TimeThr comprises the following steps:
the time difference threshold is preset and issued by a base station or calculated by the channel coherence time or calculated by the time when the character is received last time.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating method of the second carrier frequency estimation value according to the second channel estimation result comprises:
the method for obtaining the carrier frequency offset estimation result CFO at the current time after adjusting the result of the first carrier frequency offset estimation value CF01 according to the size of the second carrier frequency offset estimation value CF02 is as follows:
if CFO is satisfied2> 0 and CFO1＜-CFOthrThen, then
If CFO is satisfied2< 0 and CFO1＞CFOthrThen not to CFO1Adjusting the calculation result;
if the two conditions are not met, not to CFO1Adjusting the calculation result;
wherein N issymRepresenting computational CFO1The space between two DMRS symbols is represented by symbols in dimension; CFOthrA maximum phase value representing an actual carrier frequency estimate in a particular scenario;
wherein Hs0Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a first demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; hs1Representing a channel estimation result calculated by a second demodulation reference signal symbol corresponding to the ith subcarrier in the first channel estimation result, wherein the dimensionality is the number of antennas; n is a radical ofsymThe space between the symbol positions of the two demodulation reference signals is represented, and the dimension is the symbol; ScNum represents the number of subcarriers.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum phase value CFO of the actual carrier frequency estimate is a maximum phase value CFOthrIs calculated byThe method comprises the following steps:
presetting and transmitting through a base station, or calculating in real time according to the moving speed of user equipment or calculating according to the symbol interval of two demodulation reference signals.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for storing the estimation result of the carrier frequency offset at the current time comprises:
assigning the carrier frequency offset estimation value of the current moment to the CFOpreAnd stored in a register, CFOpre＝CFO1。
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