CN112909577B - Wide-band gap waveguide array antenna - Google Patents

Wide-band gap waveguide array antenna Download PDF

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CN112909577B
CN112909577B CN202110055752.8A CN202110055752A CN112909577B CN 112909577 B CN112909577 B CN 112909577B CN 202110055752 A CN202110055752 A CN 202110055752A CN 112909577 B CN112909577 B CN 112909577B
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side wall
rectangular
metal
column
plane
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CN112909577A (en
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张玲
陆云龙
尤阳
朱其昂
黄季甫
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Ningbo University
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Ningbo University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband gap waveguide array antenna, which comprises a radiation layer and a feed layer, wherein the radiation layer comprises a radiation unit subarray layer, a first gap waveguide coupling layer and a second gap waveguide coupling layer, the radiation unit subarray layer comprises a first flat plate and a radiation array arranged on the first flat plate, the radiation array is formed by distributing 16 radiation units in a 4-row-by-4-column mode, each radiation unit respectively comprises a first rectangular cavity and a second rectangular cavity which are stacked from top to bottom, a first air cavity which equally divides energy into two paths is arranged in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, a second air cavity which divides energy into four paths is arranged in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, and a third air cavity which evenly divides energy into two paths with consistent amplitude and phase is respectively sent to the second gap waveguide coupling layer is arranged in the feed layer; the advantage is on the basis of having low side lobe, has higher gain and efficiency, and the processing cost is lower.

Description

Wide-band gap waveguide array antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to an array antenna, in particular to a broadband gap waveguide array antenna.
Background
In the electromagnetic spectrum, the low-frequency band spectrum is quite crowded, and research on related technologies in higher frequency bands, such as the millimeter wave band, is more and more urgent. Available frequency bandwidth of millimeter wave frequency band, electromagnetic wave length, carry out antenna design in this frequency band and have many advantages, for example: wider operation bandwidth and miniaturized design are easily realized.
With the improvement of the requirement on radar anti-interference and the development of modern electronic industry, the antenna is required to have the performance of low sidelobe or extremely low sidelobe. The traditional array antenna mainly comprises a feed layer and a radiation layer, two schemes are mainly used for reducing the side lobe of the traditional array antenna at present, the first scheme is to reduce the side lobe by adjusting the power distribution proportion of the feed layer to adjust the energy distribution of the radiation layer, but the scheme can always cause the main lobe to be widened and the gain to be reduced while reducing the side lobe, cannot ensure the narrow main lobe, does not sacrifice the gain and can obtain an extremely low side lobe; the second scheme is that the side lobe is reduced by adding the polarizing layer above the radiation layer, the electric field polarization direction of the radiation layer can be rotated by adding the polarizing layer, the E surface and H surface directional diagrams of the antenna can be optimized, and the low side lobe is realized, but the cost of the antenna can be improved by 20% by adding the polarizing layer during mass production.
However, in the millimeter wave band, the more serious side wall wave effect and the higher dielectric loss cause troubles in the conventional array antenna design. The availability of conventional waveguide transmission lines is greatly reduced, and thus there is a demand for finding a waveguide transmission line having good performance in the millimeter wave band. A novel transmission line based on an electromagnetic band gap structure and air filling, namely a gap waveguide, is generated. The gap waveguide is filled with air, and electromagnetic waves are transmitted in the air, so that the gap waveguide has low-loss transmission performance, and the problems of large radiation loss and medium loss of common microwave transmission lines in millimeter wave bands are solved. Meanwhile, the gap waveguide does not need strict electric connection in processing and assembling, and the processing difficulty is greatly reduced. Therefore, the gap waveguide not only has the transmission performance comparable to that of the rectangular waveguide, but also overcomes the defects of high section, large volume, high processing and assembling requirements and overhigh cost of the rectangular waveguide, and provides a new choice for the design of the array antenna applied to the millimeter wave frequency band.
Therefore, it is of great significance to design a broadband gap waveguide array antenna based on the gap waveguide, which has higher gain and efficiency and lower processing cost on the basis of having low sidelobe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband gap waveguide array antenna which has higher gain and efficiency and lower processing cost on the basis of having low side lobes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a broadband gap waveguide array antenna comprises a radiation layer and a feed layer which are stacked from top to bottom, wherein the feed layer is used for converting a single TE10 mode into multiple TE10 mode signals with the same power and the same phase, and transmitting multiple TE10 mode signals to the radiation layer, the radiation layer is used for radiating multiple TE10 mode signals from the feed layer to a free space, the radiation layer comprises a radiation element subarray layer, a first gap waveguide coupling layer and a second gap waveguide coupling layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the radiation element subarray layer comprises a first flat plate and a radiation array arranged on the first flat plate, the first flat plate is a rectangular plate, the radiation array is formed by distributing 16 radiation elements in a mode of 4 rows and 4 columns, each radiation element comprises a first rectangular cavity and a second rectangular cavity which are stacked from top to bottom and are arranged on the first flat plate respectively, the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity is larger than the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity, the upper side wall of the first rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the first flat plate, the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first flat plate, the centers of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same straight line, the straight line is taken as the center line of the radiation unit, if the radiation unit rotates 45 degrees anticlockwise around the central line of the radiation unit, the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the first flat plate; the first gap waveguide coupling layer is internally provided with a first air cavity, energy fed into the first air cavity can be coupled into the first air cavity and then divided into two paths, cross polarization is effectively inhibited and then the two paths of energy are uniformly coupled into the radiation array, the radiation array rotates by 45 degrees, the electric field direction of the antenna can rotate by 45 degrees, and therefore directional diagrams of an E surface and an H surface are optimized, and low side lobes are achieved; the second air cavity is arranged in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, and the energy fed into the second air cavity can be uniformly coupled into the second air cavity and then divided into four paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase and fed into the first gap waveguide coupling layer; the feed layer is provided with a third air cavity, and after energy is input into the feed layer, the energy is propagated along the third air cavity, and is uniformly divided into two paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase, and the two paths of energy are respectively sent to the second gap waveguide coupling layer.
The first gap waveguide coupling layer comprises a first rectangular metal plate, a first rectangular metal ground plate and a first gap waveguide structure arranged between the first rectangular metal plate and the first rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the first flat plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are formed in the first rectangular metal plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are distributed according to a 4-row-by-4-column mode, the upper side wall of each third rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each third rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are correspondingly communicated with the second rectangular cavities in the 16 radiation units one by one, and one corresponding third rectangular cavity and one corresponding second rectangular cavity are arranged in the third rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the first rectangular metal grounding plate is positioned below the first rectangular metal plate and has a distance therebetween, the first rectangular metal grounding plate is provided with 8 fourth rectangular cavities, the upper side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity and the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate are flush, the lower side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and 8 fourth rectangular cavities are formed in a 2-row-by-4-column manner in a spacing distribution manner, the plane of the front side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate, the distance between the plane of the front side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row and the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate is equal to the distance between the plane of the rear side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 2 nd row and the plane of the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate, and the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities in the 1 st column and the plane of the left side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate is equal to the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities in the 4 th column and the plane of the right side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate; the first gap waveguide structure comprises a first cuboid metal column group, a first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group and a second cuboid metal column group, wherein the first cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 10 first cuboid metal column units on a first rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 2-line-by-5-line mode, each first cuboid metal column unit is formed by arranging 3 first cuboid metal columns in a 3-line-by-1-line mode at intervals, the plane where the front side wall of each first cuboid metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate is located, the lower side wall of each first cuboid metal column is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each first cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, the fourth rectangular cavity is arranged between every two adjacent first rectangular metal column units in the same row, the plane where the first rectangular metal column units in the same row are located is bilaterally symmetrical relative to the plane where the fourth rectangular cavity between the two first rectangular metal column units is located along the front-back direction, the bilateral symmetry plane of the 5 first rectangular metal column units in the row 1 is coincident with the bilateral symmetry plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the row 1, and the bilateral symmetry plane of the 5 first rectangular metal column units in the row 2 is coincident with the bilateral symmetry plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the row 2; the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group is formed by 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units which are arranged on the first rectangular metal ground plate at intervals in a 2-line-by-4-line mode, each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is composed of two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks, 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units correspond to 8 fourth rectangular cavities one by one, the corresponding first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units and the fourth rectangular cavities are arranged in the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units, the two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are respectively located on the front side and the rear side of the fourth rectangular cavity, the two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks are in central symmetry relative to the central line of the fourth rectangular cavity, one right-angle face of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block located on the front side of the fourth rectangular cavity faces forwards and is parallel to the front side wall of the first rectangular metal plate The other right-angle surface faces to the left and is parallel to the plane where the left side wall of the first rectangular metal plate is located, the rear part of the other right-angle surface enters between two adjacent first cuboid metal column units, the lower side wall of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is equal to that of the first cuboid metal column; the second cuboid metal column group comprises 11 second cuboid metal columns which are arranged on the first rectangular metal grounding plate in a mode of 1 row by 11 columns, the second cuboid metal column group is positioned between two rows of first isosceles right angle triangular metal block units, the distances from the two rows of first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are equal, the plane of the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is positioned on the left side of the plane of the left side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st row and the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 11 th column is positioned on the right side of the plane of the right side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 5 th row, the lower side wall of each second cuboid metal column is connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate in an attaching mode, and the height of each second cuboid metal column is equal to that of the first cuboid metal column; a first air cavity is formed between the plane of the upper side wall of each first rectangular metal column, each second rectangular metal column and each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, the first gap waveguide structure is surrounded by a plurality of first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns for preventing energy leakage, the first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns are distributed at intervals, the plane of the front side surface of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side surface of the first rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is attached to the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is equal to the height of the first cuboid metal column. The structure can divide the energy coupled by the fourth rectangular cavity into 8 paths uniformly and in the same phase, effectively improve the asymmetry problem caused by 45-degree rotation of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity in the radiation unit, and effectively improve the cross polarization by the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group arranged in the structure.
The second gap waveguide coupling layer comprises a second rectangular metal plate, a second rectangular metal ground plate and a second gap waveguide structure arranged between the second rectangular metal plate and the second rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, 8 fifth rectangular cavities are formed in the second rectangular metal plate, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to a 2-row-by-4-column mode, the upper side wall of each fifth rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each fifth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities are correspondingly communicated with the 8 fourth rectangular cavities one by one, and one corresponding fifth rectangular cavity and one corresponding fourth cavity are arranged in the fifth rectangular cavity and the fourth cavity, the front side wall of a fifth rectangular cavity and the front side wall of a fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the left side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the right side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, 2 sixth rectangular cavities are formed in the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the two sixth rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to a mode of 1 row multiplied by 2 columns, the front side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is parallel to the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the upper side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, and a first rectangular ridge and a second rectangular ridge are respectively arranged in each sixth rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the first rectangular ridge is in fit connection with the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the rear side wall of the second rectangular ridge is in fit connection with the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the front-back direction are also equal, and the sum of the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the front-back direction is smaller than the length of the sixth rectangular cavity in the front-back direction, the upper side walls of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge are flush with the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, and the lower side walls of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge are flush with the lower side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity; the second gap waveguide structure comprises a third cuboid metal column group, a fourth cuboid metal column group and a fifth cuboid metal column group, wherein the third cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 3 third cuboid metal column units on the second rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1-line-by-3-line mode, each third cuboid metal column unit is formed by arranging 5 third cuboid metal columns in a 5-line-by-1-line mode at intervals, the plane where the front side wall of each third cuboid metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate is located, the lower side wall of each third cuboid metal column is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each third cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the sixth rectangular cavity is arranged between two adjacent third rectangular metal column units on the same row, the symmetrical surfaces of the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units along the left-right direction and the symmetrical surfaces of the sixth rectangular cavity along the left-right direction are on the same plane, the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the plane of the symmetrical surfaces of the sixth rectangular cavity along the front-back direction, the fourth rectangular metal column group comprises 4 fourth rectangular metal columns, the 4 fourth rectangular metal columns are arranged on the second rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals according to a 2-row-by-2-column mode, the plane where the front side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate is located, and the lower side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column is connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate in a fitting manner, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, a sixth rectangular cavity is reserved between two fourth rectangular metal columns in the same column, the plane of the symmetry plane of the two fourth rectangular metal columns in the same column along the front-back direction coincides with the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity along the front-back direction, the two fourth rectangular metal columns in the same column are bilaterally symmetric relative to the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity along the left-right direction, the fifth rectangular metal column group is formed by arranging 2 fifth rectangular metal column units on the second rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1 row-by-2 column mode, and each fifth rectangular metal column unit is formed by arranging 2 fifth rectangular metal columns at intervals in a 1 row-by 2 column mode, the plane of the front side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is attached to the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the fifth cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st column is located between the third cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st column and the third cuboid metal column unit in the 2 nd column, the two fifth cuboid metal columns of the fifth cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st column are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the sixth rectangular cavity in the 1 st column, the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row along the front-back direction is in a left-right symmetrical structure, and the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row along the left-right direction is in a front-back symmetrical structure; the fifth cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row are positioned between the third cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row and the third cuboid metal column units in the 3 rd row, the two fifth cuboid metal columns of the fifth cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row, the plane of the symmetry plane in the front-back direction relative to the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row is in a left-right symmetrical structure, and the plane of the symmetry plane in the left-right direction relative to the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row is in a front-back symmetrical structure; the upper side wall of each of the third rectangular metal column, the fourth rectangular metal column and the fifth rectangular metal column is positioned on the same plane, and a second air cavity is formed between the plane and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate; the periphery of the second gap waveguide structure is surrounded by a plurality of second anti-leakage cuboid metal columns for preventing energy leakage, the plurality of second anti-leakage cuboid metal columns are distributed at intervals, the plane of the front side surface of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side surface of the second rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is equal to that of the third cuboid metal column. This structure can divide into 4 ways through the energy that the coupling of sixth rectangular cavity comes on evenly with the same looks, and the fourth cuboid metal column group and the production that the fifth cuboid metal column group that set up in this structure can restrain the higher order mode to this reaches impedance match, reduces reflection coefficient's effect.
The distance between the central lines of two adjacent radiation units in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the distance between the central lines of two adjacent radiation units in the same column is 0.78 lambda, lambda is c/f, c is the wave speed, c is 3 x 10^8m/s, f is the central operating frequency of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity is 0.7 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity is 0.48 lambda, the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall of the first rectangular cavity is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.7 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.24 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.07 lambda; the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities in the same column is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is 0.65 lambda, and the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.21 lambda; the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each first cuboid metal column is 0.17 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each first cuboid metal column is 0.13 lambda, the height of each first cuboid metal column unit is 0.15 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal columns in each first cuboid metal column unit is 0.17 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same row in each first cuboid metal column group is 0.65 lambda, and the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same column is 1.4 lambda; the length of two right-angle sides of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is 0.26 lambda, the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is 0.15 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit positioned at the 1 st row is 0.17 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit positioned at the 2 nd row is 0.17 lambda, the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit positioned at the 1 st row is provided, the plane of the left side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the first cuboid positioned at the nearest position of the left side of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the 1 st row are provided with the same rectangular metal block The distance between planes of the right side faces of the column units is 0.12 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same row is 0.78 lambda, and the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same column is 1.57 lambda; the distance from the front side wall of each second cuboid metal column to the rear side wall thereof is 0.11 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall thereof is 0.17 lambda, the height thereof is 0.15 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent second cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.31 lambda, the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the plane of the left side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st row is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the second cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 11 th row and the plane of the right side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 5 th row is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the upper side wall of each first cuboid metal column, each second cuboid metal column, each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block and the lower side wall of the first metal plate is 0.1 lambda, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 λ, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 λ, the center-to-center distance between two sixth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is 0.68 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.31 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge is 0.03 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.03 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each third rectangular metal pillar is 0.2 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.15 λ, the height is 0.16 λ, the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillars in the third rectangular metal pillar unit is 0.11 λ, and the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillars in the third rectangular metal pillar unit is 1.41 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.31 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.14 lambda, the height of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.16 lambda, the distance between the two fourth cuboid metal columns in the same column is 1.22 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is 0.14 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is 0.14 lambda, the height of each fifth cuboid metal column is 0.16 lambda, and the center distance between every two fifth cuboid metal column units in each fifth cuboid metal column group is 1.07 lambda. Every the distance of the right side wall place plane of third cuboid metal column unit and the left side wall that is located its right side nearest fourth cuboid metal column be 0.79 lambda, the preceding lateral wall place plane of third cuboid metal column unit be located the planar rear side in preceding lateral wall place of the fourth cuboid metal column on the 1 st line, and the distance between the two is 0.05 lambda, every the last lateral wall place plane of third cuboid metal column, fourth cuboid metal column and wu cuboid metal column with the lower lateral wall of second rectangle metal sheet between the distance be 0.1 lambda.
The feed layer comprises a third rectangular metal plate, a third rectangular metal ground plate and a third gap waveguide structure arranged between the third rectangular metal plate and the third rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, 2 seventh rectangular cavities are formed in the third rectangular metal plate, the 2 seventh rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to the mode of 1 row and 2 columns, the upper side wall of each seventh rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each seventh rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, a third rectangular ridge and a fourth rectangular ridge are respectively arranged in each seventh rectangular cavity, and the front side wall of the third rectangular ridge is attached and connected with the front side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge is connected with the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity in a fitting manner, the distance from the left side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the lengths of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths in the front-back direction are also equal, the sum of the lengths of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge in the front-back direction is smaller than the length of the seventh rectangular cavity in the front-back direction, and the upper rectangular side walls of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge are flush with the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the lower side walls of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge are flush with the lower side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity; 2 said seventh rectangular cavities are communicated with 2 said sixth rectangular cavities in one-to-one correspondence, and in one corresponding seventh rectangular cavity and one sixth rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge and the left side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge are positioned on the same plane, and the front side wall of the second rectangular ridge are positioned on the same plane; the third gap waveguide structure comprises a sixth cuboid metal column group, a seventh cuboid metal column group, an eighth cuboid metal column group, a ninth cuboid metal column group, a first rectangular metal block and a second rectangular metal block; the sixth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 sixth cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1-row-by-2-column mode, the lower side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, and the plane where the front side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate is located; the seventh cuboid metal column group is positioned at the rear side of the sixth cuboid metal column group, the seventh cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 seventh cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals according to the mode of 1 row multiplied by 2 columns, the left side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column and the left side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column are positioned in the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column and the right side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column are positioned in the same plane, the plane of the front side wall of each seventh cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the length of the seventh cuboid metal column in the left-right direction is smaller than that of the sixth cuboid metal column in the left-right direction; a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, and the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular metal column to the lower side wall; the eighth rectangular metal column group is located at the rear side of the sixth rectangular metal column group, the eighth rectangular metal column group is formed by arranging 2 eighth rectangular metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals according to a 1-row-2-column mode, the plane where the rear side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column is located on the front side of the plane where the front side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column is located, the plane where the left side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column in the 1-row-1-column mode is located on the right side of the plane where the right side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column in the 1-row-1-column mode is located, the plane where the right side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column in the 1-row-2-column mode is located on the left side of the plane where the left side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column in the 1-row-2-column mode is located, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of each third rectangular metal plate, the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall and is less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column to the lower side wall; the ninth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 ninth cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1-line multiplied by 2-line mode, the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 1 st-line is connected with the right side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 1 st-line, the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 2 nd-line is connected with the left side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 2 nd-line, the plane where the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is located is coincided with the plane where the front side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column is located, the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is located is coincided with the plane where the rear side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column is located, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each ninth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, the distance from the upper side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall and is less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column to the lower side wall; each ninth cuboid metal column is provided with a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the right side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the front side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the rear side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the left side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the front side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, and the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column; the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate, the first rectangular metal block is embedded into the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal columns, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block is respectively attached to the upper side walls of the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal columns, and the plane of the symmetrical plane of the first rectangular metal block along the left-right direction is superposed with the plane of the symmetrical planes of the 2 ninth rectangular metal blocks along the left-right direction; the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the second rectangular metal block is provided with a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal block, the left side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block, the front side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block, and the right side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block; the first rectangular metal block is embedded into the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the upper side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the rear side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, and the plane of the symmetrical surface of the second rectangular metal block in the front-back direction and the plane of the symmetrical surface of the first rectangular metal block in the front-back direction are located on the same plane; a third air cavity is formed between the upper side walls of each sixth rectangular metal column, each seventh rectangular metal column, each eighth rectangular metal column, each ninth rectangular metal column, the first rectangular metal block and the second rectangular metal block and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate; third clearance waveguide structure around encircle a plurality of third prevention leakage cuboid metal columns that are used for preventing the energy leakage, a plurality of third prevention leakage cuboid metal column interval distribution, every third prevention leakage cuboid metal column's leading flank place plane is on a parallel with the leading flank place plane of third rectangle metal sheet, every third prevention leakage cuboid metal column's lower lateral wall with the last lateral wall laminating of third rectangle metal ground plate be connected, every third prevention leakage cuboid metal column highly equal to the height of sixth cuboid metal column. In the structure, the energy entering the feed layer is transmitted along the third air cavity, the two paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase are uniformly divided and are respectively transmitted into the second gap waveguide coupling layer, the eighth cuboid metal column and the ninth cuboid metal column which are different in height and connected are used in the feed layer, the return loss caused by discontinuity of the structure can be reduced, the flat array antenna has good broadband transmission characteristics, the feed layer structure can uniformly feed all the radiation units in the radiation layer, the bandwidth of a main mode can be widened, and the broadband high-efficiency feeding of the array antenna is realized.
The distance between every two adjacent sixth cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.88 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column is 0.68 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.17 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.09 lambda; the distance between every two adjacent seventh cuboid metal columns in the same row is 1.85 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each seventh cuboid metal column is 0.2 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.09 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.25 lambda; the distance from the plane where the left side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located to the plane where the right side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the plane where the right side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located to the plane where the left side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located is 0.16 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent eighth cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.9 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each eighth cuboid metal column is 0.31 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.1 lambda; the distance between every two adjacent ninth cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.35 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each ninth cuboid metal column is 0.28 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 lambda; the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned on the right side of the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is 0.16 lambda, the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned on the left side of the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column, the distance from the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned to the plane where the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal block is positioned is equal to the distance from the plane where the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned to the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal block is positioned, and the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the right side wall is 0.6 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.52 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.08 lambda; the distance from the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located is 0.4 lambda, the distance from the plane where the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located is equal to the distance from the plane where the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located, the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block to the right side wall is 0.11 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.35 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 lambda.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the radiation layer is formed by the radiation unit subarray layer, the first gap waveguide coupling layer and the second gap waveguide coupling layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the radiation unit subarray layer comprises a first flat plate and a radiation array arranged on the first flat plate, the first flat plate is a rectangular plate, the radiation array is formed by 16 radiation units which are distributed in a 4-row-by-4-column mode, each radiation unit respectively comprises a first rectangular cavity and a second rectangular cavity which are arranged on the first flat plate and stacked from top to bottom, the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity is larger than the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity, the upper side wall of the first rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the first flat plate, the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first flat plate, the centers of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same straight line, the straight line is used as the center line of the radiation unit, and if the radiation unit rotates 45 degrees anticlockwise around the center line of the radiation unit, the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity is positioned is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the first flat plate is positioned; the first air cavity is formed in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, energy fed into the first air cavity can be coupled into the first air cavity and then divided into two paths, cross polarization is effectively inhibited, the energy is uniformly coupled into the radiation array, the radiation array rotates by 45 degrees, the electric field direction of the antenna can rotate by 45 degrees, and therefore directional diagrams of an E surface and an H surface are optimized, and low side lobes are achieved; the second air cavity is arranged in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, and the energy fed into the second air cavity can be uniformly coupled into the second air cavity and then divided into four paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase and fed into the first gap waveguide coupling layer; the feed layer is provided with a third air cavity, after energy is input into the feed layer, the energy is transmitted along the third air cavity and is uniformly divided into two paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase, and the two paths of energy are respectively transmitted into the second gap waveguide coupling layer, the gap waveguide technology is applied to the design of the array antenna, the defects of high section, large volume, high processing and assembling requirements and overhigh cost of a rectangular waveguide are overcome, the radiation array is rotated by 45 degrees, the polarization direction of an electric field generated by the array antenna can be rotated, the side lobes of an E-plane directional diagram and an H-plane directional diagram are reduced, and therefore, a low side lobe is realized, structurally, the radiation layer adopts two layers of gap waveguide coupling layers, the problem of structural asymmetry caused by the rotation of the radiation array by 45 degrees is solved, the phase and amplitude distribution of the energy can be more uniform, the gain and the aperture efficiency of the array antenna are obviously improved, and on the basis of the low side lobe, has higher gain and efficiency and lower processing cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a first gap waveguide coupling layer of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial top view of a first gap waveguide coupling layer of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side view of a first gap waveguide coupling layer of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of a second gap waveguide coupling layer of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partial top view of a second gap waveguide coupling layer of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a side view of a second gap waveguide coupling layer of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a feed layer of a wide band gap waveguide array antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial top view of the feed layer of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a side view of a feed layer of a wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph of a reflection coefficient simulation for a wide band gap waveguide array antenna in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 13 is an H-plane directional pattern of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 14 is an E-plane pattern of a broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a graph of efficiency and gain simulation for a wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a broadband gap waveguide array antenna includes a radiation layer and a feed layer stacked in order from top to bottom, the feed layer is used for converting a single TE10 mode into multiple TE10 mode signals with the same power and phase, and transmitting multiple TE10 mode signals to the radiation layer, the radiation layer is used for radiating multiple TE10 mode signals from the feed layer to a free space, the radiation layer includes a radiation element subarray layer, a first gap waveguide coupling layer and a second gap waveguide coupling layer arranged in order from top to bottom, the radiation element subarray layer includes a first flat plate 1 and a radiation array 2 disposed on the first flat plate 1, the first flat plate 1 is a rectangular plate, the radiation array 2 is formed by distributing 16 radiation elements 3 in 4 rows × 4 columns, each radiation element 3 includes a first rectangular cavity 4 and a second rectangular cavity 5 stacked from top to bottom and disposed on the first flat plate 1, the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is greater than the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5, the upper side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is flush with the upper side wall of the first flat plate 1, the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 is flush with the lower side wall of the first flat plate 1, the centers of the first rectangular cavity 4 and the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same straight line, the straight line is used as the center line of the radiation unit 3, and if the radiation unit 3 rotates 45 degrees counterclockwise around the center line, the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is located will be parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the first flat plate 1 is located; the first air cavity 6 is arranged in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, energy fed into the first air cavity can be coupled into the first air cavity 6 and then divided into two paths, cross polarization is effectively inhibited and then the two paths of energy are uniformly coupled into the radiation array 2, the radiation array 2 rotates by 45 degrees, the electric field direction of the antenna can rotate by 45 degrees, and therefore directional diagrams of an E surface and an H surface are optimized, and low sidelobe is achieved; the second air cavity 7 is arranged in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, and the energy fed into the second air cavity 7 can be uniformly coupled into the second air cavity 7 and then divided into four paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase and fed into the first gap waveguide coupling layer; the feed layer is provided with a third air cavity 8, and after energy is input into the feed layer, the energy is propagated along the third air cavity 8 and is uniformly divided into two paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase, and the two paths of energy are respectively sent to the second gap waveguide coupling layer.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first gap waveguide coupling layer includes a first rectangular metal plate 9, a first rectangular metal ground plate 10, and a first gap waveguide structure disposed between the first rectangular metal plate 9 and the first rectangular metal ground plate 10, an upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9 is completely overlapped and connected with a lower side wall of the first flat plate 1, 16 third rectangular cavities 11 are formed in the first rectangular metal plate 9, the 16 third rectangular cavities 11 are distributed in a 4-row-by-4-column manner, an upper side wall of each third rectangular cavity 11 is flush with an upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9, a lower side wall of each third rectangular cavity 11 is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9, the 16 third rectangular cavities 11 are in one-to-one correspondence communication with the second rectangular cavities 5 in the 16 radiating elements 3, and in the corresponding one third rectangular cavity 11 and one second rectangular cavity 5, the front side wall of the third rectangular cavity 11 and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular cavity 11 and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular cavity 11 and the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular cavity 11 and the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 are located on the same plane, the first rectangular metal ground plate 10 is located below the first rectangular metal plate 9 and has a distance therebetween, 8 fourth rectangular cavities 12 are formed in the first rectangular metal ground plate 10, the upper side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity 12 is flush with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10, the lower side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity 12 is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10, 8 fourth rectangular cavities 12 are formed in a 2-line-4-line mode in an interval distribution mode, the plane where the front side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity 12 is located on the same plane as the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity 10 Parallel to each other, the distance between the plane of the front side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 1 st row and the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10 is equal to the distance between the plane of the rear side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 2 nd row and the plane of the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10, and the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 1 st column and the plane of the left side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10 is equal to the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 4 th column and the plane of the right side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10; the first gap waveguide structure comprises a first cuboid metal column group, a first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group and a second cuboid metal column group, wherein the first cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 10 first cuboid metal column units 13 on a first rectangular metal grounding plate 10 at intervals in a 2-line-by-5-line mode, each first cuboid metal column unit 13 is formed by arranging 3 first cuboid metal columns 14 in a 3-line-by-1-line mode at intervals, the plane of the front side wall of each first cuboid metal column 14 is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate 10, the lower side wall of each first cuboid metal column 14 is connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate 10 in an attaching mode, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each first cuboid metal column 14 and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9, a fourth rectangular cavity 12 is reserved between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units 13 in the same line, two adjacent first cuboid metal column units 13 in the same row are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the plane where the symmetrical plane of the fourth rectangular cavity 12 in the front-back direction is located between the two first cuboid metal column units 13, the symmetrical plane of the 5 first cuboid metal column units 13 in the 1 st row in the left-right direction is superposed with the symmetrical plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 1 st row in the left-right direction, and the symmetrical plane of the 5 first cuboid metal column units 13 in the 2 nd row in the left-right direction is superposed with the symmetrical plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the 2 nd row in the left-right direction; the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group is formed by arranging 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units on a first rectangular metal grounding plate 10 at intervals in a 2-row-by-4-column mode, each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is formed by two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks 15, the 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units correspond to 8 fourth rectangular cavities 12 one by one, in the corresponding first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units and the fourth rectangular cavities 12, two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks 15 of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are respectively positioned on the front side and the rear side of the fourth rectangular cavities 12, the two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks 15 are in central symmetry relative to the central line of the fourth rectangular cavities 12, one of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks 15 positioned on the front side of the fourth rectangular cavities 12 faces forwards, and is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9 is positioned, the other right-angle surface faces to the left and is parallel to the plane where the left side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9 is located, the rear part of the other right-angle surface enters between two adjacent first cuboid metal column units 13, the lower side wall of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate 10, and the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 is equal to that of the first cuboid metal column 14; the second cuboid metal column group comprises 11 second cuboid metal columns 16 which are arranged on the first rectangular metal grounding plate 10 in a mode of 1 line by 11 lines, the second cuboid metal column group is positioned between two lines of first isosceles right angle triangular metal block units, the distances from the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units to the two rows of first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are equal, the plane of the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column 16 located in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located on the left side of the plane of the left side face of the first cuboid metal column unit 13 in the 1 st row, the plane of the right side wall of the second cuboid metal column 16 located in the 1 st row and the 11 th column is located on the right side of the plane of the right side face of the first cuboid metal column unit 13 in the 5 th row, the lower side wall of each second cuboid metal column 16 is connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10 in an attaching mode, and the height of each second cuboid metal column 16 is equal to the height of the first cuboid metal column 14; every first cuboid metal column 14, every second cuboid metal column 16, form first air chamber 6 between the lower lateral wall of every first isosceles right angle triangle-shaped metal block 15's the last lateral wall place plane and first rectangle metal sheet 9, encircle around the first clearance waveguide structure and be used for preventing a plurality of first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns 17 of energy leakage, a plurality of first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns 17 interval distribution, the front flank place plane of every first anti-leakage cuboid metal column 17 is on a parallel with the front flank place plane of first rectangle metal sheet 9, the lower lateral wall of every first anti-leakage cuboid metal column 17 is connected with the last lateral wall laminating of first rectangle metal earth plate 10, the height of every first anti-leakage cuboid metal column 17 equals the height of first cuboid metal column 14.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the second gap waveguide coupling layer includes a second rectangular metal plate 18, a second rectangular metal ground plate 19, and a second gap waveguide structure disposed between the second rectangular metal plate 18 and the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, an upper sidewall of the second rectangular metal plate 18 is completely overlapped and connected with a lower sidewall of the first rectangular metal ground plate 10 in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, 8 fifth rectangular cavities 20 are opened on the second rectangular metal plate 18, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities 20 are distributed and formed in a 2-row-by-4-column manner, an upper sidewall of each fifth rectangular cavity 20 is flush with an upper sidewall of the second rectangular metal plate 18, a lower sidewall of each fifth rectangular cavity 20 is flush with a lower sidewall of the second rectangular metal plate 18, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities 20 are in one-to-one correspondence communication with the 8 fourth rectangular cavities 12, and a corresponding one of the fifth rectangular cavities 20 is flush with a corresponding one of the fourth rectangular cavities 12, the front side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity 20 and the front side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity 12 are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity 20 and the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity 12 are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity 20 and the left side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity 12 are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity 20 and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity 12 are located on the same plane, 2 sixth rectangular cavities 21 are formed in the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, the two sixth rectangular cavities 21 are distributed in a 1-row-by-2-column manner, the front side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity 21 is parallel to the front side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, the upper side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity 21 is flush with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, the lower side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity 21 is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, a first rectangular ridge 22 and a second ridge 23 are respectively arranged inside each sixth rectangular cavity 21, the front side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 is in fit connection with the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21, the rear side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 is in fit connection with the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21, the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21, the lengths of the first rectangular ridge 22 and the second rectangular ridge 23 in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths in the front-back direction are also equal, the sum of the lengths of the first rectangular ridge 22 and the second rectangular ridge 23 in the front-back direction is smaller than the length of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 in the front-back direction, the upper side walls of the first rectangular ridge 22 and the second rectangular ridge 23 are flush with the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21, the lower side walls of the first rectangular ridge 22 and the second rectangular ridge 23 are flush with the lower side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21; the second gap waveguide structure comprises a third cuboid metal column group, a fourth cuboid metal column group and a fifth cuboid metal column group, wherein the third cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 3 third cuboid metal column units 24 on the second rectangular metal grounding plate 19 at intervals in a 1-row-by-3-column mode, each third cuboid metal column unit 24 is formed by arranging 5 third cuboid metal columns 25 in a 5-row-by-1-column mode at intervals, the plane where the front side wall of each third cuboid metal column 25 is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate 19 is located, the lower side wall of each third cuboid metal column 25 is in fit connection with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate 19, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each third cuboid metal column 25 and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate 18, a sixth rectangular cavity 21 is reserved between two adjacent third cuboid metal column units 24 in the same row, the symmetry plane of the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units 24 along the left-right direction and the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 along the left-right direction are located on the same plane, the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units 24 are bilaterally symmetric with respect to the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 along the front-back direction, the fourth rectangular metal column group comprises 4 fourth rectangular metal columns 26, the 4 fourth rectangular metal columns 26 are arranged on the second rectangular metal ground plate 19 at intervals according to a 2-row-2-column mode, the plane of the front side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column 26 is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, the lower side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column 26 is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column 26 and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate 18, a sixth rectangular cavity 21 is arranged between two fourth rectangular metal posts 26 in the same column, the plane of the symmetry plane of the two fourth rectangular metal posts 26 in the same column along the front-back direction coincides with the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 along the front-back direction, the two fourth rectangular metal posts 26 in the same column are bilaterally symmetric with respect to the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 along the left-right direction, the fifth rectangular metal post group is formed by arranging 2 fifth rectangular metal post units on the second rectangular metal grounding plate 19 at intervals in a manner of 1 row × 2 column, each fifth rectangular metal post unit is formed by arranging 2 fifth rectangular metal posts 27 at intervals in a manner of 1 row × 2 column, the plane of the front side wall of each fifth rectangular metal post 27 is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular grounding plate 19, the lower side wall of each fifth rectangular metal column 27 is attached to the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fifth rectangular metal column 27 and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate 18, the fifth rectangular metal column units in the 1 st column are located between the third rectangular metal column unit 24 in the 1 st column and the third rectangular metal column unit 24 in the 2 nd column, the two fifth rectangular metal columns 27 of the fifth rectangular metal column unit in the 1 st column are located on the left and right sides of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 in the 1 st column respectively, and are in a left-right symmetrical structure relative to the plane where the symmetrical plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 in the 1 st column is located along the front-back direction, and are in a front-back symmetrical structure relative to the plane where the symmetrical plane of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 in the 1 st column along the left-right direction; the fifth rectangular metal column units in the 2 nd row are positioned between the third rectangular metal column units 24 in the 2 nd row and the third rectangular metal column units 24 in the 3 rd row, the two fifth rectangular metal columns 27 of the fifth rectangular metal column units in the 2 nd row are respectively positioned at the left and right sides of the sixth rectangular cavities 21 in the 2 nd row, and are in a left-right symmetrical structure relative to the plane where the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities 21 in the 2 nd row along the front-back direction is positioned, and are in a front-back symmetrical structure relative to the plane where the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities 21 in the 2 nd row along the left-right direction is positioned; the upper side wall of each of the third rectangular solid metal column 25, the fourth rectangular solid metal column 26 and the fifth rectangular solid metal column 27 is located on the same plane, and a second air cavity 7 is formed between the plane and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate 18; the periphery of the second gap waveguide structure surrounds a plurality of second leakage-proof cuboid metal columns 28 for preventing energy leakage, the second leakage-proof cuboid metal columns 28 are distributed at intervals, the plane of the front side surface of each second leakage-proof cuboid metal column 28 is parallel to the plane of the front side surface of the second rectangular metal plate 18, the lower side wall of each second leakage-proof cuboid metal column 28 is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate 19, and the height of each second leakage-proof cuboid metal column 28 is equal to the height of the third cuboid metal column 25.
In this embodiment, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent radiation elements 3 in the same row is 0.78 λ, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent radiation elements 3 in the same column is 0.78 λ, λ is c/f, c is the wave speed, c is 3 × 10^8m/s, f is the central operating frequency of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is 0.7 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is 0.48 λ, the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall of the first rectangular cavity 4 is 0.16 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 is 0.7 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 is 0.24 λ, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity 5 is 0.07 λ; the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities 11 in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities 11 in the same column is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities 12 in the same column is 1.56 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity 12 is 0.65 lambda, and the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.21 lambda; the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each first cuboid metal column 14 is 0.17 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.13 lambda, the height is 0.15 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal columns 14 in each first cuboid metal column unit 13 is 0.17 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units 13 in the same row in each first cuboid metal column group is 0.65 lambda, and the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units 13 in the same column is 1.4 lambda; the length of two right-angle sides of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 is 0.26 lambda, the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is 0.15 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit 13 positioned at the 1 st row is 0.17 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit 13 positioned at the 2 nd row in each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit positioned at the 2 nd row is 0.17 lambda, the distance between the plane of the left side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 positioned at the front side and the right side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit 13 positioned at the nearest to the left side in each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit positioned at the 1 st row, and the left side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block 15 positioned at the front side is 0.17 lambda The distance between planes where the side faces are located is 0.12 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same row is 0.78 lambda, and the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same column is 1.57 lambda; the distance from the front side wall of each second rectangular metal pillar 16 to the rear side wall thereof is 0.11 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall thereof is 0.17 lambda, the height thereof is 0.15 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent second rectangular metal pillars 16 in the same row is 0.31 lambda, the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the second rectangular metal pillar 16 in the 1 st row and the plane of the left side surface of the first rectangular metal pillar unit 13 in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the second rectangular metal pillar 16 in the 1 st row and the 11 th column and the plane of the right side surface of the first rectangular metal pillar unit 13 in the 5 th row is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the upper side wall of each first rectangular metal pillar 14, each second rectangular metal pillar 16, each first isosceles right rectangular metal pillar and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate 9 is 0.1 lambda, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities 20 in the same row is 0.78 λ, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities 20 in the same column is 1.56 λ, the center-to-center distance between two sixth rectangular cavities 21 in the same column is 1.56 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity 21 is 0.68 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.31 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 is 0.03 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.03 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each third rectangular metal pillar 25 is 0.2 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.15 λ, the height is 0.16 λ, the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillars 25 in the third rectangular metal pillar unit 24 is 0.11 λ, the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillar units 24 in the same row is 1.41 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column 26 is 0.31 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.14 lambda, the height is 0.16 lambda, the distance between two fourth rectangular metal columns 26 located in the same column is 1.22 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fifth rectangular metal column 27 is 0.14 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.14 lambda, the height is 0.16 lambda, and in the fifth rectangular metal column group, the center distance between 2 fifth rectangular metal column units is 1.07 lambda. The distance between the plane of the right side wall of each third cuboid metal column unit 24 and the left side wall of the fourth cuboid metal column 26 located at the right nearest position is 0.79 lambda, the plane of the front side wall of each third cuboid metal column unit 24 is located at the rear side of the plane of the front side wall of the fourth cuboid metal column 26 located at the 1 st row, the distance between the front side wall and the rear side wall is 0.05 lambda, and the distance between the plane of the upper side wall of each third cuboid metal column 25, the plane of the upper side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column 26 and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate 18 is 0.1 lambda.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, a rectangular metal plate 29, a third rectangular metal ground plate 30, and a third gap waveguide structure disposed between the third rectangular metal plate 29 and the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, an upper sidewall of the third rectangular metal plate 29 is completely overlapped and connected with a lower sidewall of the second rectangular metal ground plate 19 in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, 2 seventh rectangular cavities 31 are opened on the third rectangular metal plate 29, the 2 seventh rectangular cavities 31 are distributed and formed in a manner of 1 row × 2 column, an upper sidewall of each seventh rectangular cavity 31 is flush with an upper sidewall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, a lower sidewall of each seventh rectangular cavity 31 is flush with a lower sidewall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, a third rectangular ridge 32 and a fourth rectangular ridge 33 are respectively disposed inside each seventh rectangular cavity 31, a front sidewall of the third rectangular ridge 32 is in close connection with a front sidewall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31, the distance from the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge 32 to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge 32 to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31, the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge 33 is in fit connection with the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31, the distance from the left side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge 33 to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge 33 to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31, the lengths of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the fourth rectangular ridge 33 in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths in the front-rear direction are also equal, the sum of the lengths of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the fourth rectangular ridge 33 in the front-rear direction is smaller than the length of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 in the front-rear direction, the upper side walls of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the fourth rectangular ridge 33 are flush with the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31, and the lower side walls of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the fourth rectangular ridge 33 are flush with the lower side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31; 2 seventh rectangular cavities 31 and 2 sixth rectangular cavities 21 are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and in one of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 and one of the sixth rectangular cavities 21, the front side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 and the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 and the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 and the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity 31 and the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity 21 are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular ridge 32 and the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge 22 are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 and the left side wall of the fourth ridge 33 are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge 33 are positioned on the same plane, and the front side wall of the second rectangular ridge 23 are positioned on the same plane; the third gap waveguide structure comprises a sixth cuboid metal column group, a seventh cuboid metal column group, an eighth cuboid metal column group, a ninth cuboid metal column group, a first rectangular metal block 34 and a second rectangular metal block 35; the sixth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 sixth cuboid metal columns 36 on the third rectangular metal ground plate 30 at intervals in a 1-line-by-2-line mode, the lower side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column 36 is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column 36 and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, and the plane where the front side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column 36 is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30 is located; the seventh rectangular metal column group is located at the rear side of the sixth rectangular metal column group, the seventh rectangular metal column group is formed by arranging 2 seventh rectangular metal columns 37 on the third rectangular metal grounding plate 30 at intervals in a 1-row × 2-row manner, the left side wall of the seventh rectangular metal column 37 located in the 1 st-row and the left side wall of the sixth rectangular metal column 36 located in the 1 st-row are in the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh rectangular metal column 37 located in the 1 st-row 2 nd-row and the right side wall of the sixth rectangular metal column 36 located in the 1 st-row 2 nd-row are in the same plane, the plane where the front side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column 37 is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate 30 is located, and the length of the seventh rectangular metal column 37 in the left-right direction is smaller than the length of the sixth rectangular metal column 36 in the left-right direction; a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each seventh cuboid metal column 37 and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, and the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column 37 to the lower side wall is greater than that from the upper side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column 36 to the lower side wall; the eighth cuboid metal column group is positioned at the rear side of the sixth cuboid metal column group, the eighth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 eighth cuboid metal columns 38 on the third rectangular metal grounding plate 30 at intervals according to a 1-line-by-2-line mode, the plane of the rear side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column 38 is positioned at the front side of the plane of the front side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column 37, the plane of the left side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column 38 of the 1-line-1 is positioned at the right side of the plane of the right side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column 37 of the 1-line-2, the plane of the right side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column 38 of the 1-line-2-line is positioned at the left side of the plane of the left side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column 37 of the 1-line-2-line, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each eighth cuboid metal column 38 and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth rectangular solid metal pillar 38 to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular solid metal pillar 36 to the lower side wall and less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular solid metal pillar 37 to the lower side wall; the ninth rectangular metal column group is formed by 2 ninth rectangular metal columns 39 arranged on the third rectangular metal grounding plate 30 at intervals in a manner of 1 row × 2 column, the left side wall of the ninth rectangular metal column 39 positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is connected with the right side wall of the eighth rectangular metal column 38 positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column, the right side wall of the ninth rectangular metal column 39 positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is connected with the left side wall of the eighth rectangular metal column 38 positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column, the plane where the front side wall of the ninth rectangular metal column 39 is located is coincident with the plane where the front side wall of the eighth rectangular metal column 38 is located, the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth rectangular metal column 39 is located is coincident with the plane where the rear side wall of the eighth rectangular metal column 38 is located, a distance is provided between the upper side wall of each ninth rectangular metal column 39 and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate 29, the distance from the upper side wall of the ninth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 39 to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 38 to the lower side wall and is less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 37 to the lower side wall; each ninth cuboid metal column 39 is provided with a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column 39 located in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the right side wall is flush with the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the front side wall is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the rear side wall is flush with the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the lower side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column 39 located in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the left side wall is flush with the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, the front side wall is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39, and the rear side wall is flush with the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column 39; the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, the first rectangular metal block 34 is embedded into the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal posts 39, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is respectively attached to the upper side walls of the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal posts 39, and the plane of the left-right symmetry plane of the first rectangular metal block 34 is coincident with the plane of the left-right symmetry plane of the 2 ninth rectangular metal blocks; the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35 is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal ground plate 30, the second rectangular metal block 35 has a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35, the left side wall is flush with the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35, the front side wall is flush with the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35, and the right side wall is flush with the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35; the first rectangular metal block 34 is embedded into the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block 35, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is attached to the upper side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block 35, the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is attached to the rear side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block 35, and the plane where the symmetry plane of the second rectangular metal block 35 in the front-rear direction is located and the plane where the symmetry plane of the first rectangular metal block 34 in the front-rear direction is located are located on the same plane; a third air cavity 8 is formed between the upper side walls of each sixth rectangular metal pillar 36, each seventh rectangular metal pillar 37, each eighth rectangular metal pillar 38, each ninth rectangular metal pillar 39, the first rectangular metal block 34 and the second rectangular metal block 35 and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate 29; surround around the third clearance waveguide structure and be used for preventing a plurality of third leakages cuboid metal column 40 that energy was revealed, a plurality of third leakages cuboid metal column 40 interval distribution, every third leakages cuboid metal column 40's leading flank place plane is on a parallel with the leading flank place plane of third rectangle metal sheet 29, every third leakages cuboid metal column 40's lower lateral wall and the laminating of the last lateral wall of third rectangle metal ground plate 30 are connected, every third leakages cuboid metal column 40's highly equal to the height of sixth cuboid metal column 36.
In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent sixth rectangular metal pillars 36 in the same row is 0.88 λ, the distance from the left sidewall to the right sidewall of each sixth rectangular metal pillar 36 is 0.68 λ, the distance from the front sidewall to the rear sidewall is 0.17 λ, and the distance from the upper sidewall to the lower sidewall is 0.09 λ; the distance between two adjacent seventh rectangular metal posts 37 in the same row is 1.85 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each seventh rectangular metal post 37 is 0.2 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.09 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.25 lambda; the distance from the plane where the left side wall of the eighth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 38 in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located to the plane where the right side wall of the seventh rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 37 in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located is 0.16 λ, the distance from the plane where the right side wall of the eighth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 38 in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located to the plane where the left side wall of the seventh rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 37 in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located is 0.16 λ, the distance between two adjacent eighth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillars 38 in the same row is 0.9 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each eighth rectangular parallelepiped metal pillar 38 is 0.31 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 λ, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.1 λ; the distance between every two adjacent ninth cuboid metal columns 39 located in the same row is 0.35 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each ninth cuboid metal column 39 is 0.28 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 lambda; the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is located at the right of the left side wall of the ninth rectangular metal pillar 39 in the 1 st row and 1 st column, the distance between the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 and the left side wall of the ninth rectangular metal pillar 39 in the 1 st row and 1 st column is 0.16 lambda, the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is located at the left of the right side wall of the ninth rectangular metal pillar 39 in the 1 st row and 2 nd column, the distance between the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 and the right side wall of the ninth rectangular metal pillar 39 in the 1 st row and 2 nd column is 0.16 lambda, the distance between the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is located and the plane where the front side wall of the ninth rectangular metal block is located is equal to the distance between the plane where the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is located and the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth rectangular metal block is located, the distance between the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 and the right side wall is 0.6 lambda, the distance between the front side wall and the rear side wall is 0.52 lambda, the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.08 lambda; the distance from the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35 to the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is 0.4 λ, the distance from the plane of the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35 to the plane of the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34 is equal to the distance from the plane of the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35 to the plane of the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block 34, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block 35 is 0.11 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.35 λ, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 λ. The broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the invention is simulated in Ansoft HFSS software, wherein a reflection coefficient simulation curve of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the invention is shown in fig. 12, an H-plane directional pattern of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the invention is shown in fig. 13, and an E-plane directional pattern of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the invention is shown in fig. 14. The efficiency and gain of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention over the entire operating frequency band are shown in fig. 15. The dashed curves in fig. 13 and 14 show the cross polarization of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention at the center frequency, and the solid curves show the gain of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention at the center frequency. The dashed curve in fig. 15 shows the gain of the wideband gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention in the whole operating frequency band, and the solid curve shows the efficiency of the wideband gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention in the whole operating frequency band. Analysis of FIG. 12 reveals that: the working frequency band of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna is 22.5GHz-30.5GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 30%; analysis of FIG. 13 reveals that: the gain of an H surface of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna at the central frequency is 27dBi, the level of a first minor lobe is-26.2 dB, and the cross polarization is 40 dB; analysis of FIG. 14 reveals that: the gain of an E face of the broadband gap waveguide array antenna at the central frequency is 27dBi, the level of a first minor lobe is-26 dB, and the cross polarization is 40 dB; analysis of fig. 15 shows that the gain of the wide-band gap waveguide array antenna of the present invention is higher than 25.5dBi in the whole operating frequency band, and the efficiency is higher than 60%. From the above simulation data, it can be seen that: the broadband gap waveguide array antenna has higher gain and efficiency on the basis of having low side lobes.

Claims (6)

1. A broadband gap waveguide array antenna comprises a radiation layer and a feed layer which are stacked from top to bottom, wherein the feed layer is used for converting a single TE10 mode into multiple TE10 mode signals with the same power and the same phase, and transmitting multiple TE10 mode signals to the radiation layer, the radiation layer is used for radiating multiple TE10 mode signals from the feed layer to a free space, the broadband gap waveguide array antenna is characterized in that the radiation layer comprises a radiation element subarray layer, a first gap waveguide coupling layer and a second gap waveguide coupling layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the radiation element subarray layer comprises a first flat plate and a radiation array arranged on the first flat plate, the first flat plate is a rectangular plate, the radiation array is formed by distributing 16 radiation elements in a mode of 4 rows and 4 columns, and each radiation element comprises a first rectangular cavity and a second rectangular cavity which are stacked from top to bottom and are arranged on the first flat plate respectively The front side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the first rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the first rectangular cavity is larger than the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity, the upper side wall of the first rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the first flat plate, the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first flat plate, the centers of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same straight line, the straight line is taken as the center line of the radiation unit, if the radiation unit rotates 45 degrees anticlockwise around the central line of the radiation unit, the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the first flat plate; the first gap waveguide coupling layer is internally provided with a first air cavity, energy fed into the first air cavity can be coupled into the first air cavity and then divided into two paths, cross polarization is effectively inhibited and then the two paths of energy are uniformly coupled into the radiation array, the radiation array rotates by 45 degrees, the electric field direction of the antenna can rotate by 45 degrees, and therefore directional diagrams of an E surface and an H surface are optimized, and low side lobes are achieved; the second air cavity is arranged in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, and the energy fed into the second air cavity can be uniformly coupled into the second air cavity and then divided into four paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase and fed into the first gap waveguide coupling layer; the feed layer is provided with a third air cavity, and after energy is input into the feed layer, the energy is propagated along the third air cavity, and is uniformly divided into two paths of energy with consistent amplitude and phase, and the two paths of energy are respectively sent to the second gap waveguide coupling layer;
the first gap waveguide coupling layer comprises a first rectangular metal plate, a first rectangular metal ground plate and a first gap waveguide structure arranged between the first rectangular metal plate and the first rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the first flat plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are formed in the first rectangular metal plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are distributed according to a 4-row-by-4-column mode, the upper side wall of each third rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each third rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, 16 third rectangular cavities are correspondingly communicated with the second rectangular cavities in the 16 radiation units one by one, and one corresponding third rectangular cavity and one corresponding second rectangular cavity are arranged in the third rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the first rectangular metal grounding plate is positioned below the first rectangular metal plate and has a distance therebetween, the first rectangular metal grounding plate is provided with 8 fourth rectangular cavities, the upper side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity and the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate are flush, the lower side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and 8 fourth rectangular cavities are formed in a 2-row-by-4-column manner in a spacing distribution manner, the plane of the front side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate, the distance between the plane of the front side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row and the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate is equal to the distance between the plane of the rear side wall of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 2 nd row and the plane of the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate, and the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities in the 1 st column and the plane of the left side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate is equal to the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the 2 fourth rectangular cavities in the 4 th column and the plane of the right side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate;
the second gap waveguide coupling layer comprises a second rectangular metal plate, a second rectangular metal ground plate and a second gap waveguide structure arranged between the second rectangular metal plate and the second rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate in the first gap waveguide coupling layer, 8 fifth rectangular cavities are formed in the second rectangular metal plate, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to a 2-row-by-4-column mode, the upper side wall of each fifth rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each fifth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the 8 fifth rectangular cavities are correspondingly communicated with the 8 fourth rectangular cavities one by one, and one corresponding fifth rectangular cavity and one corresponding fourth cavity are arranged in the fifth rectangular cavity and the fourth cavity, the front side wall of a fifth rectangular cavity and the front side wall of a fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the rear side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the left side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, the right side wall of the fifth rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular cavity are positioned on the same plane, 2 sixth rectangular cavities are formed in the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the two sixth rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to a mode of 1 row multiplied by 2 columns, the front side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is parallel to the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the upper side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, and a first rectangular ridge and a second rectangular ridge are respectively arranged in each sixth rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the first rectangular ridge is in fit connection with the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the rear side wall of the second rectangular ridge is in fit connection with the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the front-back direction are also equal, and the sum of the lengths of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge in the front-back direction is smaller than the length of the sixth rectangular cavity in the front-back direction, the upper side walls of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge are flush with the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity, and the lower side walls of the first rectangular ridge and the second rectangular ridge are flush with the lower side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity;
the feed layer comprises a third rectangular metal plate, a third rectangular metal ground plate and a third gap waveguide structure arranged between the third rectangular metal plate and the third rectangular metal ground plate, the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal plate is completely overlapped and connected with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate in the second gap waveguide coupling layer, 2 seventh rectangular cavities are formed in the third rectangular metal plate, the 2 seventh rectangular cavities are distributed and formed according to a mode of 1 row multiplied by 2 columns, the upper side wall of each seventh rectangular cavity is flush with the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each seventh rectangular cavity is flush with the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, a third rectangular ridge and a fourth rectangular ridge are respectively arranged in each seventh rectangular cavity, and the front side wall of the third rectangular ridge is attached and connected with the front side wall of the seventh cavity, the distance from the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the rear side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge is connected with the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity in a fitting manner, the distance from the left side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge to the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity is equal to the distance from the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge to the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the lengths of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge in the left-right direction are equal, the lengths in the front-back direction are also equal, the sum of the lengths of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge in the front-back direction is smaller than the length of the seventh rectangular cavity in the front-back direction, and the upper rectangular side walls of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge are flush with the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity, the lower side walls of the third rectangular ridge and the fourth rectangular ridge are flush with the lower side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity; 2 the seventh rectangular cavity and 2 of the sixth rectangular cavity are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and in the corresponding seventh rectangular cavity and a corresponding sixth rectangular cavity, the front side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the front side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the rear side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the left side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh rectangular cavity and the right side wall of the sixth rectangular cavity are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the left side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the right side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the rear side wall of the third rectangular ridge and the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the left side wall of the second rectangular ridge and the left side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, the right side wall of the second rectangular ridge and the right side wall of the fourth rectangular ridge are located on the same plane, and the front side wall of the second rectangular ridge are located on the same plane.
2. The broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first gap waveguide structure comprises a first rectangular metal pillar group, a first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group and a second rectangular metal pillar group, the first rectangular metal pillar group is formed by 10 first rectangular metal pillar units arranged on the first rectangular metal ground plate at intervals in a manner of 2 rows x 5 columns, each first rectangular metal pillar unit is formed by 3 first rectangular metal pillars arranged in a manner of 3 rows x 1 columns, a plane where a front side wall of each first rectangular metal pillar is located is parallel to a plane where a front side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate is located, a lower side wall of each first rectangular metal pillar is attached to and connected with an upper side wall of the first rectangular metal ground plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each first cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, one fourth rectangular cavity is reserved between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same row, the two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same row are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the plane of the symmetry plane of the fourth rectangular cavity between the two first cuboid metal column units in the front-back direction, the symmetry plane of the 5 first cuboid metal column units in the 1 st row in the left-right direction coincides with the symmetry plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row in the left-right direction, and the symmetry plane of the 5 first cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row in the left-right direction coincides with the symmetry plane of the 4 fourth rectangular cavities in the 2 nd row in the left-right direction; the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block group is formed by 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units which are arranged on the first rectangular metal ground plate at intervals in a 2-line-by-4-line mode, each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is composed of two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks, 8 first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units correspond to 8 fourth rectangular cavities one by one, the corresponding first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units and the fourth rectangular cavities are arranged in the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units, the two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are respectively located on the front side and the rear side of the fourth rectangular cavity, the two first isosceles right-angle triangular metal blocks are in central symmetry relative to the central line of the fourth rectangular cavity, one right-angle face of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block located on the front side of the fourth rectangular cavity faces forwards and is parallel to the front side wall of the first rectangular metal plate The other right-angle surface faces to the left and is parallel to the plane where the left side wall of the first rectangular metal plate is located, the rear part of the other right-angle surface enters between two adjacent first cuboid metal column units, the lower side wall of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is equal to that of the first cuboid metal column; the second cuboid metal column group comprises 11 second cuboid metal columns which are arranged on the first rectangular metal grounding plate in a mode of 1 row by 11 columns, the second cuboid metal column group is positioned between two rows of first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units, the distances from the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units to the two rows of first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block units are equal, the plane of the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is positioned on the left side of the plane of the left side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st row, the plane of the right side wall of the second cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 11 th column is positioned on the right side of the plane of the right side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 5 th row, the lower side wall of each second cuboid metal column is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each second cuboid metal column is equal to that of the first cuboid metal column; a first air cavity is formed between the plane of the upper side wall of each first rectangular metal column, each second rectangular metal column and each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block and the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal plate, the first gap waveguide structure is surrounded by a plurality of first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns for preventing energy leakage, the first anti-leakage cuboid metal columns are distributed at intervals, the plane of the front side surface of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side surface of the first rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is attached to the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each first anti-leakage cuboid metal column is equal to the height of the first cuboid metal column.
3. The broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second gap waveguide structure comprises a third rectangular metal pillar group, a fourth rectangular metal pillar group and a fifth rectangular metal pillar group, the third rectangular metal pillar group is formed by 3 third rectangular metal pillar units arranged on the second rectangular metal ground plate at intervals in a 1-row-by-3-column manner, each third rectangular metal pillar unit is formed by 5 third rectangular metal pillars arranged in a 5-row-by-1-column manner, a plane where a front side wall of each third rectangular metal pillar is located is parallel to a plane where a front side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate is located, and a lower side wall of each third rectangular metal pillar is attached to and connected with an upper side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each third rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, a sixth rectangular cavity is reserved between two adjacent third rectangular metal column units in the same row, the symmetrical surfaces of the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units in the left-right direction and the symmetrical surfaces of the sixth rectangular cavity in the left-right direction are positioned on the same plane, the two adjacent third rectangular metal column units are symmetrical in the left-right direction relative to the plane of the symmetrical surfaces of the sixth rectangular cavity in the front-back direction, the fourth rectangular metal column group comprises 4 fourth rectangular metal columns, 4 fourth rectangular metal columns are arranged on the second rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 2-row-by-2-column mode, and the plane of the front side wall of each fourth rectangular metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column is in fit connection with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal ground plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, a sixth rectangular cavity is reserved between two fourth cuboid metal columns in the same column, the plane of the symmetry plane of the two fourth cuboid metal columns in the same column along the front-back direction is superposed with the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity along the front-back direction, the plane of the symmetry plane of the two fourth cuboid metal columns in the same column relative to the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavity along the left-right direction is in bilateral symmetry, and the fifth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 fifth cuboid metal column units on the second rectangular metal ground plate at intervals in a mode of 1 row x 2 columns, each fifth cuboid metal column unit is formed by arranging 2 fifth cuboid metal columns at intervals in a 1-line-by-2-line mode, the plane where the front side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate is located, the lower side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is attached to and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate, the fifth cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st line is located between the third cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st line and the third cuboid metal column unit in the 2 nd line, and the two fifth cuboid metal columns of the fifth cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st line are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the sixth rectangular cavity in the 1 st line, the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row along the front-back direction is in a left-right symmetrical structure, and the plane of the symmetry plane of the sixth rectangular cavities in the 1 st row along the left-right direction is in a front-back symmetrical structure; the fifth cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row are positioned between the third cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row and the third cuboid metal column units in the 3 rd row, the two fifth cuboid metal columns of the fifth cuboid metal column units in the 2 nd row are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row, the plane of the symmetry plane in the front-back direction relative to the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row is in a left-right symmetrical structure, and the plane of the symmetry plane in the left-right direction relative to the sixth rectangular cavity in the 2 nd row is in a front-back symmetrical structure; the upper side wall of each of the third rectangular metal column, the fourth rectangular metal column and the fifth rectangular metal column is positioned on the same plane, and a second air cavity is formed between the plane and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate; the periphery of the second gap waveguide structure is surrounded by a plurality of second anti-leakage cuboid metal columns for preventing energy leakage, the plurality of second anti-leakage cuboid metal columns are distributed at intervals, the plane of the front side surface of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side surface of the second rectangular metal plate, the lower side wall of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the second rectangular metal grounding plate, and the height of each second anti-leakage cuboid metal column is equal to that of the third cuboid metal column.
4. The wide band gap waveguide array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the distance between the center lines of two adjacent radiation elements in the same row is 0.78 λ, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent radiation elements in the same column is 0.78 λ, λ is c/f, c is the wave speed, c is 3 is 10 m/s, f is the central operating frequency of the wide band gap waveguide array antenna, the distance from the front side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the rear side wall thereof is 0.7 lambda, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the right side wall thereof is 0.48 lambda, the distance from the upper side wall of the first rectangular cavity to the lower side wall of the first rectangular cavity is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the front side wall of the second rectangular cavity to the rear side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.7 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.24 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall of the second rectangular cavity is 0.07 lambda; the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent third rectangular cavities in the same column is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent fourth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fourth rectangular cavity is 0.65 lambda, and the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.21 lambda; the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each first cuboid metal column is 0.17 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each first cuboid metal column is 0.13 lambda, the height of each first cuboid metal column unit is 0.15 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal columns in each first cuboid metal column unit is 0.17 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same row in each first cuboid metal column group is 0.65 lambda, and the distance between every two adjacent first cuboid metal column units in the same column is 1.4 lambda; the length of two right-angle sides of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block is 0.26 lambda, the height of each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit is 0.15 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit positioned at the 1 st row is 0.17 lambda, the distance between the plane of the front side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the plane of the front side surface of each first cuboid metal column unit positioned at the 2 nd row is 0.17 lambda, the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block unit positioned at the 1 st row is provided, the plane of the left side surface of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the front side and the first cuboid positioned at the nearest position of the left side of the first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block positioned at the 1 st row are provided with the same rectangular metal block The distance between planes of the right side faces of the column units is 0.12 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same row is 0.78 lambda, and the center distance between two adjacent first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block groups in the same column is 1.57 lambda; the distance from the front side wall of each second cuboid metal column to the rear side wall thereof is 0.11 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall thereof is 0.17 lambda, the height thereof is 0.15 lambda, the center distance between two adjacent second cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.31 lambda, the distance between the plane of the left side wall of the second cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the plane of the left side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 1 st row is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the right side wall of the second cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 11 th row and the plane of the right side surface of the first cuboid metal column unit in the 5 th row is 0.01 lambda, the distance between the plane of the upper side wall of each first cuboid metal column, each second cuboid metal column, each first isosceles right-angle triangular metal block and the lower side wall of the first metal plate is 0.1 lambda, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities in the same row is 0.78 λ, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent fifth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 λ, the center-to-center distance between two sixth rectangular cavities in the same column is 1.56 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each sixth rectangular cavity is 0.68 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.31 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of the first rectangular ridge is 0.03 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.03 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each third rectangular metal pillar is 0.2 λ, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall is 0.15 λ, the height is 0.16 λ, the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillars in the third rectangular metal pillar unit is 0.11 λ, and the distance between two adjacent third rectangular metal pillars in the third rectangular metal pillar unit is 1.41 λ, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.31 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.14 lambda, the height of each fourth cuboid metal column is 0.16 lambda, the distance between two fourth cuboid metal columns in the same column is 1.22 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column is 0.14 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each fifth cuboid metal column in the fifth cuboid metal column group is 0.14 lambda and the height of each fifth metal column in the fifth cuboid metal column group is 0.16 lambda, the center distance between 2 fifth cuboid metal column units in the fifth cuboid metal column group is 1.07 lambda, the distance between the plane where the right side wall of each third cuboid metal column unit is located and the left side wall of the nearest cuboid metal column on the right side of the fifth metal column unit is 0.79 lambda, the plane where the front side wall of each third cuboid metal column unit is located on the rear side of the plane where the front side wall of the fourth metal column in the row 1, and the distance between the front side wall of the fourth cuboid metal column in the row is 0.05 lambda, and the distance between the plane where the upper side walls of the third cuboid metal column, the fourth cuboid metal column and the fifth cuboid metal column are located and the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal plate is 0.1 lambda.
5. The broadband gap waveguide array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the third gap waveguide structure comprises a sixth rectangular metal pillar set, a seventh rectangular metal pillar set, an eighth rectangular metal pillar set, a ninth rectangular metal pillar set, a first rectangular metal block and a second rectangular metal block; the sixth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 sixth cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1-row-by-2-column mode, the lower side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, and the plane where the front side wall of each sixth cuboid metal column is located is parallel to the plane where the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate is located; the seventh cuboid metal column group is positioned at the rear side of the sixth cuboid metal column group, the seventh cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 seventh cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals according to the mode of 1 row multiplied by 2 columns, the left side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column and the left side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 1 st column are positioned in the same plane, the right side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column and the right side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column are positioned in the same plane, the plane of the front side wall of each seventh cuboid metal column is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the length of the seventh cuboid metal column in the left-right direction is smaller than that of the sixth cuboid metal column in the left-right direction; a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, and the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh rectangular metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the sixth rectangular metal column to the lower side wall; the eighth rectangular metal column group is located at the rear side of the sixth rectangular metal column group, the eighth rectangular metal column group is formed by arranging 2 eighth rectangular metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals according to a 1-row-2-column mode, the plane where the rear side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column is located on the front side of the plane where the front side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column is located, the plane where the left side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column in the 1-row-1-column mode is located on the right side of the plane where the right side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column in the 1-row-1-column mode is located, the plane where the right side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column in the 1-row-2-column mode is located on the left side of the plane where the left side wall of each seventh rectangular metal column in the 1-row-2-column mode is located, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each eighth rectangular metal column and the lower side wall of each third rectangular metal plate, the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the sixth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall and is less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column to the lower side wall; the ninth cuboid metal column group is formed by arranging 2 ninth cuboid metal columns on the third rectangular metal grounding plate at intervals in a 1-line multiplied by 2-line mode, the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 1 st-line is connected with the right side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 1 st-line, the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 2 nd-line is connected with the left side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column positioned in the 1 st-line and the 2 nd-line, the plane where the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is located is coincided with the plane where the front side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column is located, the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is located is coincided with the plane where the rear side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column is located, and a distance is reserved between the upper side wall of each ninth cuboid metal column and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate, the distance from the upper side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall is greater than the distance from the upper side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column to the lower side wall and is less than the distance from the upper side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column to the lower side wall; each ninth cuboid metal column is provided with a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the right side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the front side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the rear side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is flush with the lower side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the left side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, the front side wall of the rectangular notch of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column, and the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column is flush with the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column;
the plane of the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the first rectangular metal block is embedded into the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal columns, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block is respectively attached to the upper side walls of the rectangular openings of the two ninth rectangular metal columns, and the plane of the left-right symmetrical surface of the first rectangular metal block coincides with the plane of the left-right symmetrical surface of the 2 ninth rectangular metal blocks; the plane of the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block is parallel to the plane of the front side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the lower side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached and connected with the upper side wall of the third rectangular metal grounding plate, the second rectangular metal block is provided with a rectangular notch, the lower side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the lower side wall of the second rectangular metal block, the left side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block, the front side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block, and the right side wall of the rectangular opening is flush with the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block; the first rectangular metal block is embedded into the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, the upper side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the upper side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block is attached to the rear side wall of the rectangular opening of the second rectangular metal block, and the plane of the symmetrical surface of the second rectangular metal block in the front-back direction and the plane of the symmetrical surface of the first rectangular metal block in the front-back direction are located on the same plane;
a third air cavity is formed between the upper side walls of each sixth rectangular metal column, each seventh rectangular metal column, each eighth rectangular metal column, each ninth rectangular metal column, the first rectangular metal block and the second rectangular metal block and the lower side wall of the third rectangular metal plate; third clearance waveguide structure around encircle a plurality of third leakage prevention cuboid metal columns that are used for preventing energy leakage, a plurality of third leakage prevention cuboid metal column interval distribution, every third leakage prevention cuboid metal column's leading flank place plane is on a parallel with the leading flank place plane of third rectangle metal sheet, every third leakage prevention cuboid metal column's lower lateral wall with the last lateral wall laminating of third rectangle metal ground plate be connected, every third leakage prevention cuboid metal column highly equal to the height of sixth cuboid metal column.
6. The wide band gap waveguide array antenna according to claim 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent sixth rectangular metal posts in the same row is 0.88 λ, the distance from the left sidewall to the right sidewall of each sixth rectangular metal post is 0.68 λ, the distance from the front sidewall to the rear sidewall is 0.17 λ, and the distance from the upper sidewall to the lower sidewall is 0.09 λ; the distance between every two adjacent seventh cuboid metal columns in the same row is 1.85 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each seventh cuboid metal column is 0.2 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.09 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.25 lambda; the distance from the plane where the left side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located to the plane where the right side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is located is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the plane where the right side wall of the eighth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located to the plane where the left side wall of the seventh cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is located is 0.16 lambda, the distance between every two adjacent eighth cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.9 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each eighth cuboid metal column is 0.31 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.1 lambda; the distance between every two adjacent ninth cuboid metal columns in the same row is 0.35 lambda, the distance from the left side wall to the right side wall of each ninth cuboid metal column is 0.28 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.11 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 lambda; the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned on the right side of the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column, the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the left side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 1 st column is 0.16 lambda, the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned on the left side of the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column, the distance from the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the right side wall of the ninth cuboid metal column in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column is 0.16 lambda, the distance from the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned to the plane where the front side wall of the ninth cuboid metal block is positioned is equal to the distance from the plane where the rear side wall of the first rectangular metal block is positioned to the plane where the rear side wall of the ninth cuboid metal block is positioned, and the distance from the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block to the right side wall is 0.6 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.52 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.08 lambda; the distance from the plane where the front side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the front side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located is 0.4 lambda, the distance from the plane where the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the left side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located is equal to the distance from the plane where the right side wall of the second rectangular metal block is located to the plane where the right side wall of the first rectangular metal block is located, the distance from the left side wall of the second rectangular metal block to the right side wall is 0.11 lambda, the distance from the front side wall to the rear side wall is 0.35 lambda, and the distance from the upper side wall to the lower side wall is 0.14 lambda.
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