CN112908554B - Small bending radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for superconducting magnet - Google Patents
Small bending radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for superconducting magnet Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
- H01B12/06—Films or wires on bases or cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/16—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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Abstract
The invention provides a small-bending-radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet, which sequentially comprises a central cooling pipe, a cable stabilizing layer, a superconducting layer and a cable protecting layer from inside to outside; the central cooling pipe is a spiral pipe, and the outer surface of the pipeline of the spiral pipe is provided with a flat surface with a first preset width; a cable stabilizing layer consisting of conductive strips is wound on the flat outer surface of the spiral tube at a first preset small angle, and preset gaps are reserved between the strips of the cable stabilizing layer in the axial direction; a superconductive layer is wound on the cable stabilizing layer, and a preset gap is reserved between strips of the superconductive layer in the axial direction; gaps with a second preset width are reserved between pipelines on the outer surface of the spiral pipe, and the gap value is smaller than the width of the strip material adopted by the stabilizing layer; the cooling medium is circulated between the superconducting layer and the stabilizing layer of the superconducting cable through the gaps and the predetermined gaps of the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer, so that the cooling medium can directly contact the superconducting layer and the cable stabilizing layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting conductors with small curvature radius, high strength and easy cooling requirements, in particular to a small-bending-radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet.
Background
The development of superconducting materials has greatly driven the development of power transmission, transportation, advanced medical treatment, scientific research and other strong magnetic field devices, such as nuclear fusion, particle accelerators and the like, and magnet systems are key components of the devices, and the future demand characteristics of the magnet systems are high current and strong magnetic fields. For the large-current and strong-magnetic-field superconducting magnet, the superconducting magnet is mainly formed by winding a cable-in-tube (CICC) conductor, wherein the design of the superconducting conductor is mainly based on practical superconducting materials which realize industrialized development at present, mainly low-temperature superconducting wires (such as Nb 3 Sn, nbTi, etc.). In recent years, with the development of high-temperature superconducting material technology, the attractive prospect of the high-temperature superconducting material in the field of application of strong magnetic fields is fully shown, but the high-temperature superconducting material is mainly in a strip structure (such as a first-generation Bi-based strip represented by Bi2223, a second-generation coated conductor represented by YBCO and an iron-based stripSuperconducting tape, etc.), it has anisotropy, this brings great difficulty to its large-scale CICC cable design and practical application, therefore, the high-field application superconducting cable structural design based on second generation high-temperature superconducting tape at home and abroad puts forward many conductor structural designs including Roeble cable, round twisted stack structure (TSTC) cable and spiral composite structure (CORC) cable, quasi-isotropic cable of stack and tin-soldered stack square (3S) cable sequentially, and develop a large amount of research and application performance, but the above cable structural design still has great limitation in the aspect of being applied to large-scale superconducting magnets such as fusion stacks, accelerators, etc. in the future, mainly reflect: 1) The phenomenon of current carrying performance degradation can occur in the process of bending or multi-stage twisting of the cable; 2) In the running process of the large-sized magnet, the whole magnet needs to be cooled by adopting a conductor internal forced flow cooling mode so as to ensure that the running temperature of the whole superconducting cable meets the design requirement. In addition, the superconducting magnet operating in a high-current and high-magnetic-field environment needs to bear high electromagnetic load, so that the structural design of the superconducting cable needs to have high strength so as to resist the electromagnetic load of the conductor in the operation process and avoid or reduce the operation performance degradation phenomenon of the conductor under the high electromagnetic load.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve these problems, the present invention proposes a small bending radius low loss flexible support superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet, which has high flexibility, is flexible, and can achieve a lower critical bending diameter to conductor outer diameter ratio of 6 (bending diameter/conductor outer diameter) or more without deterioration of performance; in addition, the spiral pipe made of high-strength stainless steel materials is adopted as a central channel in the conductor structural design, so that the transverse rigidity of the conductor is ensured, the requirement of reserving a cooling channel in the center is met while the transverse rigidity of the conductor can resist the action of high reloading electromagnetic stress, forced flow cooling from the inside of a cable can be realized in the application process, and the conductor structure has the characteristics of easiness in cooling and less required cooling medium, so that the conductor structure is suitable for multi-field large-current and strong-magnetic-field application of devices such as future fusion stacks, strong magnetic fields and accelerators.
The invention can meet the problems of small curvature radius bending, high electromagnetic load, cooling medium channel supply and the like of the superconducting conductor in the manufacturing and application processes of the large-scale superconducting magnet.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the small bending radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for the superconducting magnet sequentially comprises a central cooling pipe, a cable stabilizing layer, a superconducting layer and a cable protecting layer from inside to outside;
the central cooling pipe is a spiral pipe, the outer surface of a pipeline of the spiral pipe is a flat surface with a first preset width (2-10 mm), and both sides of the flat surface are provided with round corner structures, which can be called as a fish back structure; a cable stabilizing layer consisting of high-conductivity strips is wound on the flat outer surface of the spiral tube at a first preset small angle, and preset gaps are reserved between the strips of the cable stabilizing layer in the axial direction; winding the superconducting layer on the cable stabilizing layer at a second preset small angle, wherein a preset gap is reserved between strips of the superconducting layer in the axial direction; the first predetermined small angle and the second predetermined small angle are: 35-60 degrees;
gaps with a second preset width are reserved between pipelines on the outer surface of the spiral pipe, and the gap value is smaller than the width of the strip material adopted by the stabilizing layer; the cooling medium is circulated between the superconducting layer and the stabilizing layer of the superconducting cable through the gaps and the preset gaps of the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer, so that the cooling medium can directly contact the superconducting layer and the cable stabilizing layer.
The central cooling pipe is designed to be a spiral pipe structure so as to facilitate the circulation of cooling medium between the superconducting layer and the stabilizing layer of the superconducting cable; the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer are both of a multi-layer spiral winding structure with a central cooling pipe surrounded by a strip, and 1 to 2 layers of cable stabilizing layers are wound on the outer side of the spiral pipe at first so as to facilitate winding of the superconducting layer, and other required stabilizing layers can be distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the superconducting layer or can be distributed at intervals;
further, the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer are both of a multi-layer spiral winding structure with a central cooling pipe surrounded by a plurality of strips, and one to a plurality of stabilizing layers are wound on the outer side of the spiral pipe at first so as to facilitate winding of the superconducting layer, and other cable stabilizing layers are distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the superconducting layer or are distributed at intervals.
Further, the superconducting conductor is made into a single cable structure or a multi-stage cable structure, the single cable structure comprises a central cooling tube, a cable stabilizing layer and a superconducting layer, and the plurality of single cable structures are twisted and compounded to obtain the multi-stage cable structure.
Further, the small bending radius means that the ratio of the critical bending diameter of the cable to the outer diameter of the conductor is more than or equal to 6.
Further, the central spiral tube material is a high-strength nonmagnetic metal material, such as 316L/LN stainless steel, and the axial width of the gap in the spiral structure is smaller than the width of the wound strip.
Further, each of the stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer of the cable is wound with a single strip or a plurality of strips.
Further, the cable stabilizing layer is made of a high-conductivity oxygen-free copper strip, and is processed into a flat surface close to the outer side layer of the central spiral pipe; the outer layer adjacent to the central spiral tube mainly plays a role in improving the surface state of the spiral tube, and other layers are mainly used for ensuring the stability margin of the cable under the running condition; the cross section of the central solenoid is round or square, rectangular or elliptic.
Further, the cable protective layer is a metal layer or an extruded metal sleeve structure which is overlapped outside the single-cable structure or the multi-stage cable; the metal sleeve is made of a non-magnetic metal strip or a metal pipe with high strength, if the metal strip is adopted, the metal sleeve is pressed, overlapped and wound on the outer side of the cable, and if the metal pipe is adopted, the metal sleeve is tightly contacted with the cable through extrusion molding, so that the cable is in a certain compressed state.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method of manufacturing a small bending radius low loss flexible support superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet, comprising the steps of:
step 1: manufacturing a central cooling pipe, namely spirally winding a high-strength metal belt with the width of 2-10mm and the thickness of 0.5-2mm to form a central spiral pipe with a specific required size, wherein the clearance value of the spiral pipe is 5% -30% of the pitch of the spiral pipe; the high-strength metal strip is manufactured by adopting a mode of extrusion or drawing;
step 2: manufacturing a cable stabilizing layer: firstly, 1 to 2 layers of high-purity oxygen-free copper strips with the thickness of 0.5mm to 1mm are spirally wound on the outer side of a spiral pipe, single or multiple strips are wound on each layer, and the specific size of a gap value between the wound strips is controlled to be 0.5mm to 2mm; the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite;
step 3: preparing a superconducting layer: on the basis of the step 2, a superconducting strip with the width of 1mm-5mm is adopted to spirally wind around a central cooling pipe, the winding angle of the strip is controlled to be 35-60 degrees, the tension in the winding process is controlled to be 3-15N, single or multiple superconducting strips are wound in a single layer, gaps among the multiple strips are uniformly distributed and are required to meet the requirement of the minimum bending radius, the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite, the strain current-carrying performance characteristics of the superconducting strips are required to be focused in the winding process of the superconducting layers, the specific surface of the superconducting strip is required to be selected to face the inner central cooling pipe for winding according to the structural characteristics of the specifically adopted superconducting strip, for example, a ReBCO superconducting strip with the substrate thickness of 50 mu m is required to be adopted, the superconducting layer faces the inner central cooling pipe, and the substrate layer faces outwards;
step 4: manufacturing a protective layer: according to a specific structural design, the protective layer 4 selects a laminated nonmagnetic metal strip or an extruded nonmagnetic metal pipe, if the laminated metal strip structure is selected, the laminated rate is required to be controlled to be more than 20%, if the extruded metal pipe is selected, the assembly clearance is required to be controlled to be 2mm-4mm, and the thickness of the laminated metal strip or the metal pipe is required to be controlled to be more than or equal to 1mm.
Further, the multi-stage cable is manufactured by fixing one ends of a plurality of single cables and twisting, wherein the tension in the twisting process is not more than 150N, and the twisting pitch Lp is more than 100mm; and then manufacturing a protective layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the existing cable structural design, the superconducting conductor can effectively improve the flexibility of the cable by spirally winding the superconducting tape along the central spiral pipe, so that the cable has excellent bending performance, and the problem of critical current carrying performance degradation in the multistage twisting or bending process of the large-scale superconducting magnet cable is eliminated or greatly reduced; in addition, the central hole structure of the spiral pipe is used for circulation of the cable cooling medium, and gaps uniformly distributed in the spiral pipe structure can enable the cooling medium to flow into the wound cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer, so that the spiral pipe can be used for solving the problems that a cable in a tightly wound or stacked structure has no cooling channel or has poor external cooling effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a single cable based on a high temperature superconducting tape;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a single cable based on a high temperature superconducting tape;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a three-cable twisted cable based on a high temperature superconducting tape;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a circular cross-section central spiral tube;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a center spiral pipe with a square cross section;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a rectangular cross-section central spiral tube;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the center spiral tube with an elliptical cross section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a superconducting cable based on a superconducting tape, including a central cooling tube 1, a cable stabilizing layer 2 spirally wound around the central cooling tube 1, and a superconducting layer 3; with reference to fig. 2 and 3, the cable may be directly composed of a single cable or may be twisted from a plurality of three or more single cables, and the cable is provided with a cable cover 4 on the outer side thereof.
In the embodiment, the superconducting cable manufactured by adopting the spiral pipe for the central cooling pipe can wind the multilayer superconducting layer 3 and the cable stabilizing layer 2 on the outer side of the central cooling pipe; the central cooling pipe is a spiral pipe, the outer surface of the pipeline of the spiral pipe is provided with a flat surface with a first preset width (2-10 mm), round corner structures are arranged on two sides of the flat surface, and can be called as a fish back structure, so that external wound strips are prevented from being damaged at corners of the cooling pipe in the cable manufacturing or application process, and the structure is shown in fig. 4; a cable stabilizing layer consisting of high-conductivity strips is wound on the flat outer surface of the spiral tube at a first preset small angle, and preset gaps are reserved between the strips of the cable stabilizing layer in the axial direction; winding the superconducting layer on the cable stabilizing layer at a second preset small angle, wherein a preset gap is reserved between strips of the superconducting layer in the axial direction; the first predetermined small angle and the second predetermined small angle are: 35-60 degrees;
gaps with a second preset width are reserved between pipelines on the outer surface of the spiral pipe, and the gap value is smaller than the width of the strip material adopted by the stabilizing layer; the cooling medium is circulated between the superconducting layer and the stabilizing layer of the superconducting cable through the gaps and the preset gaps of the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer, so that the cooling medium can directly contact the superconducting layer and the cable stabilizing layer. Through the design, the problem that the existing superconducting tape-based cable structure design is difficult to cool is solved, the cooling medium can be fully contacted with the superconducting layer 3 and the cable stabilizing layer 2, the current density of the cable design engineering is ensured, and the cooling efficiency and the operation stability of the cable are improved;
in addition, the small-bending-radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable for the superconducting magnet has high flexibility and is easy to bend, compared with the existing various cable structural designs including stacked cables, the bending performance of the cable can be greatly improved, the ratio of the lower critical bending diameter to the outer diameter of a conductor can reach more than 6 (bending diameter/outer diameter of the conductor) without degradation, and therefore the cable can be applied to a superconducting magnet system with small-bending-radius bending requirements and can meet the application requirements of large-scale superconducting magnets with small-radius bending and multi-stage stranded cable processes with bending radii of more than 15 mm.
The cable stabilizing layer 2 and the superconducting layer 3 are respectively formed by winding a plurality of layers of high-conductivity copper strips and a plurality of layers of superconducting strips around a central cooling spiral pipe, a single layer can be provided with a plurality of high-conductivity copper strips, the winding directions of adjacent layers can be the same or opposite, and the stabilizing layers can be positioned on the inner side, the outer side or the interval distribution of the two superconducting layers;
except for adopting a spiral structure pipe, the central cooling pipe 1 has a spiral structure with a circular section, a square section, a rectangular section or an elliptical section structure according to specific application requirements;
the cable protection layer 4 is located outside the single cable or the composite cable twisted in multiple stages by a plurality of single cables, and may be a laminated structure of nonmagnetic metal strips (such as copper or stainless steel strips) or a nonmagnetic metal pipe structure formed by extrusion molding, so as to protect the superconducting cable from mechanical damage caused in subsequent operations.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a small bending radius low loss flexible support superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet is provided, and referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a central cooling pipe, namely spirally winding a high-strength metal belt with the width of 2-10mm and the thickness of 0.5-2mm to form a central spiral pipe with a specific required size, wherein the two sides of the outer side of the spiral pipe are of round corner structures, and the clearance value of the spiral pipe is 5% -30% of the pitch of the spiral pipe; the high-strength metal strip is manufactured by adopting a mode of extrusion or drawing;
step 2: manufacturing a cable stabilizing layer: firstly, 1 to 2 layers of high-purity oxygen-free copper strips with the thickness of 0.5mm to 1mm are spirally wound on the outer side of a spiral pipe, single or multiple strips are wound on each layer, and the specific size of a gap value between the wound strips is controlled to be 0.5mm to 2mm; the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite;
step 3: preparing a superconducting layer: on the basis of the step 2, a superconducting strip with the width of 1mm-5mm is adopted to spirally wind around a central cooling pipe, the winding angle of the strip is controlled to be 35-60 degrees, the tension in the winding process is controlled to be 3-15N, single or multiple superconducting strips are wound in a single layer, gaps among the multiple strips are uniformly distributed and are required to meet the requirement of the minimum bending radius, the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite, the strain current-carrying performance characteristics of the superconducting strips are required to be focused in the winding process of the superconducting layers, the specific surface of the superconducting strip is required to be selected to face the inner central cooling pipe for winding according to the structural characteristics of the specifically adopted superconducting strip, for example, a ReBCO superconducting strip with the substrate thickness of 50 mu m is required to be adopted, the superconducting layer faces the inner central cooling pipe, and the substrate layer faces outwards;
step 4: manufacturing a protective layer: according to a specific structural design, the protective layer 4 selects a laminated nonmagnetic metal strip or an extruded nonmagnetic metal pipe, if the laminated metal strip structure is selected, the laminated rate is required to be controlled to be more than 20%, if the extruded metal pipe is selected, the assembly clearance is required to be controlled to be 2mm-4mm, and the thickness of the laminated metal strip or the metal pipe is required to be controlled to be more than or equal to 1mm.
According to the embodiment of the invention, for example, the central cooling spiral pipe with the outer diameter of 5mm is adopted for winding the superconducting cable, the outer diameter of the cable after the multi-layer superconducting tape is wound is about 6mm, the lower critical bending diameter of the cable can reach more than 30mm, and the critical current carrying performance of the wound superconducting tape is not degraded. In the design process of the cable structural parameters, the setting of the clearance values of the strips can take the bending condition into consideration, and when the cable is bent to the minimum bending radius of the cable applied to the structural design of a certain superconducting magnet, a certain clearance value still remains between the adjacent strips, so that the damage of the superconducting strips caused by mutual extrusion between the adjacent strips is avoided, and meanwhile, the transmission of a low-temperature cooling medium is ensured.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a method for manufacturing a small bending radius low loss flexible support easy-cooling multi-stage superconducting cable for a superconducting magnet, referring to fig. 3, specifically including the steps of:
step 1: and (3) manufacturing a single cable: completing single cable winding based on superconducting tapes by referring to steps 1 to 3 in the single cable implementation method;
step 2: and (3) manufacturing a multi-stage cable: according to a specific multi-stage cable structure design, one ends of a plurality of single cables are fixed and then twisted, the tension in the twisting process is not more than 150N, and the twisting pitch Lp is more than 100mm;
step 3: and (4) manufacturing a protective layer 4: the manufacture of the cable protective layer 4 is completed with reference to step 4 in the above single cable implementation method.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4-7, which are schematic views of the three-dimensional structure of the central spiral pipe, the central spiral pipe may be designed to have a circular cross-section, a square cross-section, a rectangular cross-section, or an elliptical cross-section.
While the foregoing has been described in relation to illustrative embodiments thereof, so as to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as limited to the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as long as various changes are apparent to those skilled in the art, all within the scope of which the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A superconducting cable, characterized by: the superconducting cable is applied to a fusion reactor device or an accelerator device and comprises a central cooling pipe, a cable stabilizing layer, a superconducting layer and a cable protecting layer from inside to outside in sequence;
the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer are both of a multi-layer spiral winding structure with a central cooling pipe surrounded by a plurality of strips, and one to a plurality of stabilizing layers are wound on the outer side of the central cooling pipe so as to facilitate the winding of the superconducting layer, and other cable stabilizing layers are distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the superconducting layer or are distributed at intervals;
wherein the central cooling pipe is a spiral pipe, and the outer surface of the pipeline of the spiral pipe is provided with a flat surface with a first preset width; a cable stabilizing layer consisting of conductive strips is wound on the flat outer surface of the spiral tube at a first preset small angle, and preset gaps are reserved between the strips of the cable stabilizing layer in the axial direction; winding the superconducting layer on the cable stabilizing layer at a second preset small angle, wherein a preset gap is reserved between strips of the superconducting layer in the axial direction; the first preset small angle and the second preset small angle are 35-60 degrees;
the cable is manufactured into a single cable structure or a multi-stage cable structure, the single cable structure comprises a central cooling pipe, a cable stabilizing layer and a superconducting layer, and a plurality of single cable structures are twisted and compounded to obtain the multi-stage cable structure;
gaps with a second preset width are reserved between pipelines on the outer surface of the spiral pipe, and the gap value is smaller than the width of the strip material adopted by the stabilizing layer; through the gaps and the preset gaps of the cable stabilizing layer and the superconducting layer, the cooling medium circulates between the superconducting layer and the stabilizing layer of the superconducting cable so that the cooling medium can directly contact the superconducting layer and the cable stabilizing layer;
the manufacturing method of the small bending radius low-loss flexible support superconducting cable of the superconducting magnet comprises the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a central spiral cooling pipe: spiral coiling is carried out on a 316L/LN stainless steel belt with the width of 2-10mm and the thickness of 0.5-2mm to form a central spiral cooling pipe, and the clearance value of the central spiral cooling pipe is 5% -30% of the pitch of a selected spiral pipe; wherein the 316L/LN stainless steel metal strip is manufactured by extrusion or drawing;
step 2: manufacturing a stabilizing layer: firstly, 1 to 2 layers of high-purity oxygen-free copper strips with the thickness of 0.5mm to 1mm are spirally wound on the outer side of a spiral pipe, single or multiple strips are wound on each layer, and the specific size of a gap value between the wound strips is controlled to be 0.5mm to 2mm; the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite;
step 3: preparing a superconducting layer: on the basis of the step 2, a superconducting strip with the width of 1mm-5mm is adopted to spirally wind around a central cooling pipe, the winding angle of the strip is controlled to be 35-60 degrees, the tension in the winding process is controlled to be 3-15N, single or multiple superconducting strips are wound in a single layer, gaps among the multiple strips are uniformly distributed and are required to meet the requirement of minimum bending radius, the winding directions of adjacent layers are opposite, the strain current-carrying performance characteristics of the superconducting strip are required to be focused in the winding process of the superconducting layer, and the specific surface of the superconducting strip is required to be selected to face the central cooling pipe inside for winding according to the structural characteristics of the specifically adopted superconducting strip;
step 4: manufacturing a protective layer: the protective layer selects laminated nonmagnetic metal strips or extruded nonmagnetic metal tubes, the laminated metal strip structure is selected, the required laminated rate is controlled to be more than 20%, the extruded metal tubes are selected, the assembly clearance is required to be controlled to be 2mm-4mm, and the thickness of the laminated metal strips or the metal tubes is required to be more than or equal to 1mm;
the cable protection layer is a metal layer or an extruded metal sleeve structure which is overlapped and wrapped outside the single-cable structure or the multi-stage cable; the metal sleeve is made of a non-magnetic metal strip or a metal pipe with high strength, if the metal strip is adopted, the metal sleeve is pressed, overlapped and wound on the outer side of the cable, and if the metal pipe is adopted, the metal sleeve is tightly contacted with the cable through extrusion molding, so that the cable is in a certain compressed state;
manufacturing the cable into a multi-stage cable specifically comprises the following steps: one end of each of the plurality of cables is fixed and then twisted, the tension in the twisting process is not more than 150N, and the twisting pitch Lp is more than 100mm; and then manufacturing a protective layer.
2. The superconducting cable of claim 1, wherein:
the small bending radius means that the ratio of the critical bending diameter of the cable to the outer diameter of the conductor is more than or equal to 6.
3. The superconducting cable of claim 1, wherein:
the central spiral cooling tube material is a non-magnetic metal material with preset strength, and the axial width of a gap in the spiral structure is smaller than the width of the wound strip.
4. The superconducting cable of claim 1, wherein:
the cable stabilizing layer is made of a high-conductivity oxygen-free copper strip, and is processed into a flat surface close to the outer side layer of the central spiral cooling pipe; the cross section of the central spiral cooling pipe is round or square, rectangular or elliptic.
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| JPH09180553A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Former for high temperature superconductor |
| CN109994282A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-09 | 东部超导科技（苏州）有限公司 | The cold insulation high-temperature superconductor direct current cables of positive and negative electrodes in same axle construction |
| CN110299228A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 东部超导科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of cold insulation direct-current high-temperature superconducting current limliting cable |
| CN111613384A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-01 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | CICC conductor of ReBCO high-temperature superconducting tape and manufacturing method thereof |
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| AU1130201A (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-14 | Nkt Research Center A/S | Method of producing a superconducting cable |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09180553A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Former for high temperature superconductor |
| CN109994282A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-09 | 东部超导科技（苏州）有限公司 | The cold insulation high-temperature superconductor direct current cables of positive and negative electrodes in same axle construction |
| CN110299228A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 东部超导科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of cold insulation direct-current high-temperature superconducting current limliting cable |
| CN111613384A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-01 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | CICC conductor of ReBCO high-temperature superconducting tape and manufacturing method thereof |
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