CN112904508A - Full-sea-depth self-untwisting micro optical cable and distribution device - Google Patents

Full-sea-depth self-untwisting micro optical cable and distribution device Download PDF

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CN112904508A
CN112904508A CN202110122739.XA CN202110122739A CN112904508A CN 112904508 A CN112904508 A CN 112904508A CN 202110122739 A CN202110122739 A CN 202110122739A CN 112904508 A CN112904508 A CN 112904508A
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optical fiber
cable
layer
micro
optical cable
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CN112904508B (en
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赵敏
葛彤
王旭阳
庄广胶
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443Protective covering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/46Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
    • G02B6/50Underground or underwater installation; Installation through tubing, conduits or ducts
    • G02B6/506Underwater installation

Abstract

The utility model provides a fine optical cable of torsion-resistant optic fibre that excels in of full sea depth and cloth put device, this fine cable includes from inside to outside in proper order: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding, a coating layer, a liquid crystal layer, a reinforcing fiber, an adhesive and an outer protective layer. The invention realizes the working capacity of 11000m water depth. The optical cable structure design introduces the tightly-packed optical fiber made of the liquid crystal material, and the liquid crystal material has high rigidity, so that the optical cable is reinforced, cannot be twisted in the process of tensioning and loosening in seawater, is favorable for the reliability of long-term underwater communication of the optical cable, and has the strength of 1500N. In the coil winding process, the problem of no torsion coil is successfully realized by adding the back-torsion process, namely, in the deep sea movement process of the ROV, the optical cable released by the coil has no residual torsion compared with the traditional release mechanism, the optical cable does not have automatic torsion, and the reliability of the optical cable in seawater communication is facilitated.

Description

Full-sea-depth self-untwisting micro optical cable and distribution device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the technical field of deep sea exploration, in particular to a micro optical cable and a laying device, wherein the micro optical cable is applicable to the depth of 0-11000 m, the strength of the micro optical cable reaches 1500N, and the bending radius index of the micro optical cable reaches 10 mm.
Background
The optical fiber micro cable has the characteristics of long transmission distance, high information transmission rate, small density, small wire diameter, small resistance, small volume, high reliability, strong anti-interference capability and the like, realizes remote large-capacity data transmission of an underwater vehicle by adopting the enhanced and protected optical fiber micro cable, has incomparable advantages of other communication modes, and has very wide application in the aspects of underwater weapons and unmanned underwater robots.
The existing optical fiber micro cable can be used for carrying out long-distance optical fiber communication in the whole sea depth, but has the following problems: 1) the optical fiber micro cable has contradiction between the wire diameter thickness and the tensile strength, the thinner micro cable generates little drag resistance to the underwater vehicle, but the thinner micro cable has reduced tensile strength, which causes the safety problems of cable breakage and the like; 2) the size of the tensile strength of the optical fiber micro cable is contradictory to the adaptability of the full-sea deep pressure, the stronger the tensile strength needs to be added with an enhancement layer outside the optical fiber, the more the adopted enhancement materials are, the thicker the enhancement layer is, the larger the diameter of the micro cable is, the requirement on the uniformity of the outer coating of the optical fiber core glass fiber is greatly improved, once the optical fiber core glass fiber is uneven, the micro bending influence of the optical fiber outer enhancement material on the optical fiber coating is easily generated under the full-sea deep water pressure environment, the optical attenuation loss is rapidly increased, the optical path transmission of the whole system is influenced, even the signal interruption is caused, and the use requirement of the; 3) the large-diameter optical fiber micro cable is wound into a coil and then is pulled out and released, so that large residual torque is easy to exist, the optical fiber micro cable is easy to generate self-twisting phenomenon in the process of bearing tension and loosening of the optical fiber micro cable, the macrobending loss of the optical fiber is rapidly increased, the optical signal is lost, and the optical fiber in the optical cable is twisted off under extreme conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro optical cable and a laying device aiming at the problems of weak torsion resistance and low laying success rate of the existing micro optical cable in the deep sea laying process, and the working capacity of 11000m water depth is realized by adopting a special preparation process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro cable, which sequentially comprises the following components from inside to outside: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding, a coating layer, a liquid crystal layer, a reinforcing fiber, an adhesive and an outer protective layer.
The outer diameter of the outer protective layer is not more than 1 mm.
The coating layer is ultraviolet light curing acrylic resin.
The optical fiber cladding is made of silica material with a special refractive index structure.
The liquid crystal layer is a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer layer.
The optical fiber is bending-resistant insensitive optical fiber.
The reinforced fiber layer is formed by weaving and twisting a plurality of aramid fibers, polyimide, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers and carbon fibers.
The adhesive is epoxy adhesive or ultraviolet light cured adhesive.
The twisting is achieved by winding the reinforced fiber outside the optical fiber with the liquid crystal layer in an S-direction or Z-direction twisting or weaving mode, soaking the adhesive on the reinforced fiber, and finally curing the adhesive by resin;
the twisting specifically comprises: twisting the fiber around the fiber into an S-or Z-directional fiber body structure, wherein: if the slant of the right thumb is consistent with the slant of the fiber, the Z direction (right direction) is obtained, and if the slant of the left thumb is consistent with the slant of the fiber, the S direction (left direction) twisting pitch is obtained;
the weaving is as follows: the fibers are woven around the fibers in a "one-to-one" manner to form a woven fiber body structure.
Technical effects
The invention integrally solves the problems that the existing optical fiber micro cable is easy to break and the residual torsion generated in the deep sea laying process can not be dissipated to cause self-twisting and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the optical cable structure design introduces the tightly-packaged optical fiber made of the liquid crystal material, and the liquid crystal material has high rigidity, so that the optical cable is reinforced, cannot be twisted in the process of tensioning and loosening in seawater, is favorable for the reliability of long-term underwater communication of the optical cable, and has the strength of 1500N; secondly, in the coil winding process, the problem of no torsion coil is successfully realized by adding the back-torsion process, namely, in the deep sea movement process of the ROV, the optical cable released by the coil has no residual torsion compared with the traditional release mechanism, the optical cable does not have automatic torsion, and the reliability of the optical cable in the sea water communication is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding 1, a coating layer 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a reinforced fiber layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and an outer protective layer 6.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an extrusion apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stranding process of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an outer skin coating apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exemplary micro-cabled fiber routing apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment potting forming payoff spool;
in the figure: the cable laying device comprises a bearing connector 7, a paying-off hose 8, a baffle plate 9, an optical cable laying device 10, pouring sealant 11, a spool shell 12 and a connector 13;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the micro-wire twisting and laying device winding;
in the figure: a to d are the technological process, namely a wire coil 14, a winding shaft 15, a wire coil 16, a wire coil 17 and a winding shaft 18;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of the twisted structure of the embodiment;
in the figure: adhesive layer 19, reinforcing fiber layer 20, liquid crystal layer 21, fiber cladding 22.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment relates to an implementation process of the full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro cable, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) wrapping the optical fiber cladding layer through an acrylate coating layer, which specifically comprises the following steps: the optical fiber core with an outer diameter of 0.125mm was formed into an optical fiber with an outer diameter of 0.245mm by coating a UV (Ultraviolet) curable coating and then passing through a pressure coating die.
Step 2) the liquid crystal layer is extruded on the coating layer, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: an optical fiber having an outer diameter of 0.245mm was passed through an extruder, and after melting a thermoplastic liquid crystal material, the optical fiber was coated on a coating layer of the optical fiber by means of a die.
As shown in fig. 2, the extrusion die employed in this embodiment includes: the device comprises a traction mechanism, a light rod pay-off rack, a cooling water tank and a liquid crystal extruder.
And 3) twisting the reinforced fiber outside the optical fiber with the liquid crystal layer in the S direction or the Z direction as shown in fig. 3, soaking the adhesive on the reinforced fiber, and finally curing the reinforced fiber by resin to obtain the liquid crystal material. The reinforced fiber formed by the method and the liquid crystal optical unit form a whole, the bending resistance effect is better, and the strength utilization rate of the fiber is higher.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the twisted structure prepared in this step includes, in order from outside to inside: adhesive layer 19, reinforcing fiber layer 20, liquid crystal layer 21, fiber cladding 22.
Step 4) outer skin coating is carried out by an outer skin coating apparatus, as shown in fig. 4, comprising: the device comprises a coating cup, a curing furnace, a tractor, a constant tension cable core pay-off rack, a coating curing machine, an image recognition system and a constant tension optical cable winding and unwinding machine.
The full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro cable prepared based on the method comprises the following steps: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding 1, a coating layer 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a reinforced fiber layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and an outer protective layer 6, wherein the outer diameter of the micro-cable is 0.95-1.05 mm, the outer diameter of the liquid crystal layer 3 is 0.49-0.51 mm, the axial working strength of the optical fiber micro-cable is 100kg (the optical attenuation change rate is not more than 0.25dB), and the axial breaking strength of the optical fiber micro-cable is more than 150 kg.
The optical fiber cladding 1 is specifically silicon dioxide;
the coating layer 2 is specifically polyurethane acrylic resin;
the liquid crystal layer 3 is specifically a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer, and the basic molecular formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002922659670000031
the reinforced fiber layer 4 is specifically any one of aramid fiber, polyimide, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber or carbon fiber.
The adhesive layer 5 is specifically an acrylic resin material;
the outer protective layer 6 is specifically made of polyurethane materials.
As shown in fig. 7a to d, the present embodiment further twists and winds the above-mentioned full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro-cable to form an optical cable deployment device, which specifically includes:
i) fine cables in the wire coil 14 are uniformly wound into the winding shaft 15;
ii) the fine cable is uniformly rewound into the coil 16 layer by layer along the axial direction of any end of the bobbin 15, the thickness of each layer is reduced to 1mm, and the S-direction or Z-direction twisted fine cable is obtained respectively. If the slant of the right thumb is consistent with the slant of the cable spin, the direction is Z (right), and if the slant of the left thumb is consistent with the slant of the cable spin, the direction is S (left). The cables in the drum 16 are automatically twisted step by step from small to large according to the degree of twisting.
iii) uniformly rewinding the fine cables in the wire coil 16 into the wire coil 17, ensuring that the twist of each section of the fine cables is completely offset with the self-twist generated by the optical cable laying device 10 during layer-by-layer laying, and avoiding the conditions of excessive twisting and insufficient twisting.
The micro optical cable is uniformly wound on the winding shaft, the optical cable laying device 10 is of an inward-drawing type, the core shaft is of a detachable structure, and the laying device is tapered after winding is finished, so that the resistance of the optical cable when the optical cable is released at a high speed is reduced, and the paying-off tension is reduced.
Preferably, the spool of the optical cable laying device rotates along the central line of the spool during the rewinding operation to drive the optical cable to be wound on the spool, each layer of optical cable is tightly wound on the spool in a spiral line form in a circle, the line surface of each layer of optical cable is wound on the gap between two next layers of optical cables during the optical cable winding process, the optical cable winding process of each layer of optical cable is sequentially pushed forward by taking the diameter of the optical cable as a step pitch, and otherwise, the optical cable is easy to fall into a defect.
After each layer of winding is finished, uniformly coating a layer of silicon rubber on the surface of the micro optical cable, and gradually increasing the using amount of each layer of adhesive according to the size of a winding shaft; after the winding of the micro-cable is completed and the adhesive is sufficiently cured, the end plate of the winding shaft and the central shaft are removed to obtain the micro-cable optical fiber distribution device, as shown in fig. 5. The pay-off spool formed by potting of the dispensing device is shown in figure 6.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to an implementation process of the full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro cable, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) wrapping the optical fiber cladding layer through an acrylate coating layer, which specifically comprises the following steps: and UV (Ultraviolet) curing process technology is adopted.
Step 2) extruding a liquid crystal layer on the cladding, specifically: the cladding of the optical fiber is coated with a thermoplastic liquid crystal material.
And 3) coating the reinforced fibers on the liquid crystal layer in a weaving and adhesive compounding process mode, wherein the process schematic diagram is shown in fig. 7.
Step 4) outer skin coating was performed using the apparatus shown in fig. 4.
The full-sea-depth high-strength anti-torsion optical fiber micro cable prepared based on the method comprises the following steps: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding 1, a coating layer 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a reinforced fiber layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and an outer protective layer 6.
The optical fiber cladding 1 is specifically silicon dioxide;
the coating layer 2 is specifically polyurethane acrylic resin;
the liquid crystal layer 3 is specifically a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer;
the reinforced fiber layer 4 is specifically aramid fiber, polyimide, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber and carbon fiber;
the adhesive layer 5 is specifically an acrylic resin material;
the outer protective layer 6 is specifically: polyurethane material.
In the embodiment, the micro cable is twisted and wound to form the laying device, the micro cable in the wire coil 14 is uniformly wound into the winding shaft 15, then the wire shaft 8 is axially wound into the wire coil 16 along any end to obtain S-direction or Z-direction twisted micro cables, and finally the micro cable in the wire coil 16 is uniformly wound into the wire coil 17 to ensure that the twist of each section of the micro cable is completely offset with the self-twist generated by the laying device during laying layer by layer; evenly with the fine optical cable coiling on the spool, the cable laying device structure is interior formula of taking out, and the dabber is detachable structure, and the laying device coiling finishes also to be coning, is favorable to reducing the resistance that receives when the optical cable releases at a high speed like this, reduces unwrapping wire tension. The optical cable is driven to be wound on the wire barrel by the rotation of the central line of the wire spool of the optical cable arranging device, each layer of optical cable is wound on the wire spool in a spiral line mode in a circle, the line surface of each layer of optical cable is wound on the gap between two next layers of optical cables in the optical cable winding process, the winding of each layer of optical cable is sequentially pushed forwards by taking the diameter of the optical cable as a step pitch, and otherwise, the optical cable is easy to sink into a defect. After each layer of winding is finished, uniformly coating a layer of adhesive on the surface of the micro optical cable, and gradually increasing the using amount of each layer of adhesive according to the size of the winding shaft; and after the winding of the micro cable is finished and the adhesive is fully cured, removing the end plate of the winding shaft and the central shaft to obtain the micro cable optical fiber laying device. As shown in fig. 5, the pay-off spool formed by potting of the dispensing device is shown in fig. 6.
The detailed detection experimental data of the embodiment are as follows: the outer diameter is 0.95 mm-1.05 mm, the outer diameter of the liquid crystal layer 3 is 0.49 mm-0.51 mm, the axial working strength of the optical fiber micro cable is 100kg (the light attenuation change rate is not more than 0.25dB), and the axial breaking strength of the optical fiber micro cable is more than 150 kg.
In conclusion, the internal optical fiber cladding, the coating layer and the liquid crystal layer enable the optical fiber micro cable to have certain bending rigidity, and optical fiber knots cannot be formed in the tensioning and loosening process;
the internal reinforcing fiber can permeate water, and the internal diameters of the internal glass wire core, the cladding and the liquid crystal layer forming part are less than 0.5mm, so that the internal reinforcing fiber can bear the water pressure of the whole sea depth, and the optical signal interruption caused by micro-bending can be avoided;
the optical fiber is an anti-bending insensitive optical fiber, and the micro-bending resistance and macro-bending resistance of the optical fiber are better than those of the common optical fiber for communication under high water pressure;
the invention realizes the optical cable, under the diameter of 1mm, the axial working strength of the optical fiber micro cable can be greatly improved by optimizing the cabling manufacturing process of the internal reinforced fiber, and the axial working strength is not less than 150 kg.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a little thin cable of antitorque optic fibre of full sea depth excels in which, from interior to exterior includes in proper order: the optical fiber comprises an optical fiber cladding, a coating layer, a liquid crystal layer, a reinforcing fiber, an adhesive and an outer protective layer.
2. The full-sea-depth high-strength torsion-resistant optical fiber micro-cable according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is an ultraviolet-curable acrylic resin; the optical fiber cladding is made of silicon dioxide material; the liquid crystal layer is a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer; the optical fiber is bending-resistant insensitive optical fiber; the reinforced fiber layer is formed by weaving and twisting a plurality of aramid fibers, polyimide, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers and carbon fibers; the adhesive is epoxy adhesive or ultraviolet light cured adhesive.
3. The full-sea-depth high-strength torsion-resistant optical fiber micro-cable according to claim 1, wherein the stranding is obtained by twisting reinforcing fibers around the optical fiber with the liquid crystal layer in an S-direction or a Z-direction, impregnating an adhesive on the reinforcing fibers, and finally curing the adhesive with a resin.
4. The full-sea deep high-strength torsion-resistant optical fiber micro-cable according to claim 3, wherein the twisted composite structure comprises, in order from outside to inside: adhesive layer, reinforcing fiber layer, liquid crystal layer, optical fiber cladding.
5. An optical cable deployment apparatus based on the full-sea-depth high-strength torsion-resistant optical fiber micro-cable as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising: the winding device comprises a wire coil and S-direction or Z-direction twisted micro cables which are uniformly wound in the wire coil to a winding shaft.
6. An optical cable deployment device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cable deployment device is of the inwardly-drawn type and the mandrel is of a removable construction having a cone angle of 200 °.
7. The optical cable laying device as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the twisting step is performed by uniformly coating a layer of silicone rubber on the surface of the micro optical cable after each layer of winding is finished, and the amount of the adhesive in each layer is gradually increased according to the size of the winding shaft; and after the winding of the micro cable is finished and the adhesive is fully cured, removing the end plate of the winding shaft and the central shaft to obtain the micro cable optical fiber laying device.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120257863A1 (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-11 O'riorden Stephen M Non-kink, non-hockling optical cable
CN102839480A (en) * 2012-10-02 2012-12-26 上海会博新材料科技有限公司 Method for improving strength utilization rate of para-aramid fiber in reinforcing optic cable
CN105242368A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-01-13 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 Novel guidance optical cable and manufacturing method thereof
CN208218079U (en) * 2018-04-11 2018-12-11 昆明帅贺科技有限公司 A kind of interior unwrapping wire optical fiber roll
CN109459829A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-12 安徽光纤光缆传输技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第八研究所) A kind of guided fiber optical cable and production method
CN211603641U (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-09-29 南京全信传输科技股份有限公司 Enhanced high-temperature-resistant special loose-tube optical cable

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120257863A1 (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-11 O'riorden Stephen M Non-kink, non-hockling optical cable
CN102839480A (en) * 2012-10-02 2012-12-26 上海会博新材料科技有限公司 Method for improving strength utilization rate of para-aramid fiber in reinforcing optic cable
CN105242368A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-01-13 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 Novel guidance optical cable and manufacturing method thereof
CN208218079U (en) * 2018-04-11 2018-12-11 昆明帅贺科技有限公司 A kind of interior unwrapping wire optical fiber roll
CN109459829A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-12 安徽光纤光缆传输技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第八研究所) A kind of guided fiber optical cable and production method
CN211603641U (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-09-29 南京全信传输科技股份有限公司 Enhanced high-temperature-resistant special loose-tube optical cable

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