CN112904228B - Secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on electro-optic information composite criterion - Google Patents
Secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on electro-optic information composite criterion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on electro-optic information composite criteria, belonging to the technical field of relay protection of power systems. Determining the characteristic frequency of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current; calculating secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters; and establishing secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification logic based on the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification parameters, and identifying and processing the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc. The method can reliably identify the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc, shortens the average judging time of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault to be within 10ms, and realizes the rapid and reliable removal of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on an electro-optic information composite criterion, and belongs to the technical field of relay protection of power systems.
Background
When the secondary circuit has short circuit fault, the arc generated by the fault current is very easy to cause open fire, and the secondary cable and peripheral operation equipment are burnt. Although the conventional protection device can cut off faults, the judgment time is too long (400 ms-3000 ms), the action accuracy is low, the fire is easy to spread, and the normal operation of the secondary circuit is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on an electro-optic information composite criterion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on an electro-optic information composite criterion, which comprises the following steps:
an arc light sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged on a secondary loop main branch, and the arc light sensor is arranged on a bus; an arc sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged at the head end of each branch cable of the secondary circuit; collecting current information of a secondary circuit of a branch circuit of the current collecting unit, and collecting light information of the branch circuit of the current collecting unit through an arc light sensor;
determining the characteristic frequency of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current according to the acquired secondary loop current information;
calculating secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters according to secondary loop current sampling information and secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency;
and establishing secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic based on the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters.
Further, the determining the characteristic frequency of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current according to the acquired secondary loop current information includes:
performing Fourier transform on the secondary loop short-circuit fault current;
sequencing harmonic components of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current based on the secondary loop short-circuit fault current after Fourier transformation;
and determining the characteristic frequency of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current based on the sequenced secondary loop short-circuit fault currents.
Further, the fourier transforming the secondary loop short-circuit fault current includes:
wherein i is x (t) is the short-circuit fault current of the secondary loop at the moment t, F represents the sampling frequency of the system, I xj Representing the effective value, w, of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current xj Representing secondary timesThe jth harmonic phase value of the loop short-circuit fault current, t represents time.
Further, the sorting the harmonic components of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current based on the secondary loop short-circuit fault current after fourier transform includes:
sequencing harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current according to the effective value;
when the effective values of the two harmonic components are equal, the lower harmonic wave is arranged in front of the higher harmonic wave.
Further, the determining the secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency based on the sequenced secondary loop short-circuit fault current includes:
calculating the duty ratio of harmonic components:
wherein P is x (n) represents the ratio of the first n harmonic components to the total harmonic components after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, J (k) represents the harmonic frequency corresponding to the kth harmonic after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, I xJ(k) Representing the effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current;
when P x And when (n) is more than or equal to 0.8, the first n harmonic waves are characteristic harmonic waves of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current, and the frequency corresponding to the characteristic harmonic waves is the characteristic frequency.
Further, the calculating the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameter according to the secondary loop current sampling information and the secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency includes:
calculating secondary loop current according to the secondary loop current sampling information;
judging the distortion position of the secondary loop current based on the secondary loop current;
adopting secondary loop current from the moment z of the secondary loop current distortion position to the moment z+0.01 as a research object, and calculating fault arc identification parameters based on the secondary loop current and the secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency; the identification parameters comprise a secondary loop current effective value, a secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio and a secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio.
Further, the calculating the secondary loop current according to the secondary loop current sampling information includes:
wherein I (t) is the secondary loop current at the moment t, I RMS Is the effective value of the secondary loop current, t 1 Represents the sampling initial time, w 0 I is the initial phase of the secondary loop current Ct For the sampled value of the secondary loop current, F represents the system sampling frequency.
Further, the determining the distortion position of the secondary loop current based on the secondary loop current includes:
calculating the current change rate:
wherein Y is t The current change rate of two adjacent sampling points at the time t,
calculation of Y t Corresponding maximum value Y maxt ；
Rate of change of current Y at a certain moment z Greater than Y maxt When the moment z is the suspected distortion position of the secondary loop current, when Y z+1/F And Y z+2/F Are all greater than Y maxt When the current is distorted, the moment z is the distortion position of the secondary loop current.
Further, the calculating fault arc identification parameters includes:
when z is from time z to time z+0.01Effective value I of secondary loop current RMSZ ：
Secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio P 1 ：
Secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P 2 ：
Wherein t is z Indicating the moment z, I j Representing the effective value of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop current, I j Obtained by carrying out Fourier transform on secondary loop current from z time to z+0.01 time, K represents the number of secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequencies, J (K) represents the harmonic frequency corresponding to the kth harmonic after harmonic components of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, I J(k) The effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current is represented by Fourier transforming the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current from the z time to the z+0.01 time.
Further, the establishing the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic based on the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameter includes:
defining secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification conditions:
condition 1: secondary loop current effective value I RMSZ Is larger than the maximum effective value I of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state MAX ；
Condition 2: secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio P 1 Is larger than the maximum harmonic total duty ratio P of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state 1MAX ；
Condition 3: secondary timeLoop current characteristic harmonic duty cycle P 2 Is larger than the allowable secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P in the normal state 2MAX ，P 2MAX Typically greater than 0.8;
condition 4: the arc sensor detects arc information, denoted g=1;
establishing secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic according to the identification conditions:
branch arc identification logic:
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying for 10ms to trip the branch to be free;
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, directly tripping the branch to be free;
total branch arc identification logic:
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 or all branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying the 10ms trip total branch circuit to be opened;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 and all branch circuits are in the split position, directly tripping out the total branch circuits;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4 or all the branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, the total branch circuit is directly tripped to be free.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on an electric and optical information composite criterion, which realizes the rapid and reliable identification of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc based on electric and optical characteristics through an arc sensor and a current acquisition unit of a secondary circuit total (branch) cable. The method can accurately identify the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc; the average judging time of the short-circuit faults of the secondary circuit can be shortened to be within 10ms, and the short-circuit faults of the secondary circuit can be rapidly and reliably removed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of the arc sensor and the current collection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on an 'electric and optical' information composite criterion, wherein an arc sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged on a secondary circuit total branch, and the arc sensor is arranged on a bus; an arc light sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged at the head end of each branch cable of the secondary circuit. The current information of each branch of the secondary circuit is obtained by the current collecting unit, and the secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification is realized by combining the light information collected by the arc sensor.
The installation positions of the arc sensor and the current collecting unit are shown in figure 1.
An arc light sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged on a secondary loop main branch, wherein the arc light sensor is arranged on a bus; an arc light sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged at the head end of each branch cable of the secondary circuit.
The secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method of the invention, as shown in figure 2, comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: fourier transforming the secondary loop short-circuit fault current,
after Fourier transformation, the secondary loop short-circuit fault current i x (t) can be expressed as:
wherein F represents the sampling frequency of the system, I xj Representing the effective value, w, of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current xj Representation ofThe j-th harmonic phase value of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current, and t represents time.
Step 1.2: and sequencing harmonic components of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current.
Sequencing harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current according to the effective value;
when the effective values of the two harmonic components are equal, the lower harmonic wave is arranged in front of the higher harmonic wave.
Step 1.3: and determining the characteristic frequency of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current based on the 'two eight principle'.
After the sequencing of the harmonic components of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current is finished, the duty ratio of the harmonic components is calculated, and the calculation expression is as follows:
wherein P is x (n) represents the ratio of the first n harmonic components to the total harmonic components after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, J (k) represents the harmonic frequency corresponding to the kth harmonic after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, I xJ(k) The effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current is shown.
According to the principle of "two eight", when P x And when the frequency (n) is more than or equal to 0.8, the first n harmonics are the characteristic harmonics of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current, and the frequency corresponding to the characteristic harmonics is the characteristic frequency.
Step 2: and calculating the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification condition.
Step 2.1: the secondary loop current is calculated and the current of the secondary loop,
let i be the sampling value of the secondary loop current Ct Secondary loop current effective value I RMS Can be expressed as:
wherein t is 1 Representing the sampling initiation instant.
Let the initial phase of the secondary loop current be w 0 The sinusoidal form of the secondary loop current i (t) can be expressed as:
step 2.2: and judging the current distortion position of the secondary loop.
From the secondary loop current i (t), the current change rate Y of two consecutive sampling points t The method comprises the following steps:
calculation of Y t Corresponding maximum value Y maxt ；
Rate of change of current Y at a certain moment z Greater than Y maxt When the moment z is considered as the suspected distortion position of the secondary loop current, when Y z+1/F And Y z+2/F Are all greater than Y maxt When the current distortion is detected, the time z is regarded as the distortion position of the secondary loop current.
Step 2.3: and calculating a current identification parameter of the secondary loop current short-circuit fault arc.
When the moment z is detected to be the distortion position of the secondary loop current, the secondary loop current from the moment z to the moment z+0.01 is taken as a research object, and the current identification parameter of the fault arc is calculated.
First, calculating the effective value I of the secondary loop current from the moment z to the moment z+0.01 RMSZ ：
t z Indicating the time z;
then, the secondary loop current from the moment z to the moment z+0.01 is subjected to Fourier transformation, and the following steps are obtained:
wherein I is j Representing the effective value of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop current, w j Representing the phase value of the jth harmonic of the secondary loop current.
Calculating the total duty ratio P of the secondary loop current harmonic wave 1 ：
Calculating the characteristic harmonic duty ratio P of the secondary loop current 2 ：
Wherein K represents the number of characteristic frequencies of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current, I J(k) Representing the effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current, I J(k) Obtained by fourier transforming the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current from the moment z to the moment z+0.01.
Step 3: and establishing secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic.
The secondary loop short circuit fault arc identification logic of the present invention is shown in fig. 3.
Defining secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification conditions:
condition 1: secondary loop current effective value I RMSZ Is larger than the maximum effective value I of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state MAX ；
Condition 2: secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio P 1 Is larger than the maximum harmonic total duty ratio P of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state 1MAX ；
Condition 3: secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P 2 Is larger than the allowable secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P in the normal state 2MAX ，P 2MAX Is generally largeAt 0.8;
condition 4: the arc sensor detects arc information, denoted g=1.
Defining secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic according to identification conditions:
branch arc identification logic:
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying for 10ms to trip the branch to be free;
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, the branch is directly tripped to be free.
Total branch arc identification logic:
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 or all branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying the 10ms trip total branch circuit to be opened;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 and all branch circuits are in the split position, directly tripping out the total branch circuits;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4 or all the branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, the total branch circuit is directly tripped to be free.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The secondary circuit short-circuit fault arc identification method based on the electro-optic information composite criterion is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
an arc light sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged on a secondary loop main branch, and the arc light sensor is arranged on a bus; an arc sensor and a current acquisition unit are arranged at the head end of each branch cable of the secondary circuit; collecting current information of a secondary circuit of a branch circuit of the current collecting unit, and collecting light information of the branch circuit of the current collecting unit through an arc light sensor;
determining secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency according to the acquired secondary loop current information comprises the following steps:
performing Fourier transform on the secondary loop short-circuit fault current;
sequencing harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current according to the effective value based on the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current after Fourier transformation; when the effective values of two harmonic components are equal, arranging the lower harmonic wave in front of the higher harmonic wave;
determining secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency based on the ordered secondary loop short-circuit fault currents comprises:
calculating the duty ratio of harmonic components:
wherein P is x (n) represents the ratio of the first n harmonic components to the total harmonic components after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, J (k) represents the harmonic frequency corresponding to the kth harmonic after the harmonic components of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current are ordered according to the effective value, I xj Representing the effective value of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current, I xJ ( k ) Representing the effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop short-circuit fault current;
when P x When (n) is more than or equal to 0.8, the first n harmonics are characteristic harmonics of the secondary circuit short-circuit fault current, and the frequency corresponding to the characteristic harmonics is the characteristic frequency;
calculating secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters according to secondary loop current sampling information and secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency, wherein the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters comprise:
and calculating secondary loop current according to the secondary loop current sampling information, wherein the secondary loop current is as follows:
wherein I (t) is the secondary loop current at the moment t, I RMS Is the effective value of the secondary loop current, t 1 Represents the sampling initial time, w 0 I is the initial phase of the secondary loop current Ct F represents the sampling frequency of the system;
the secondary loop current distortion position is judged based on the secondary loop current as follows:
calculating the current change rate:
wherein Y is t The current change rate of two adjacent sampling points at the time t,
calculation of Y t Corresponding maximum value Y maxt ；
Rate of change of current Y at a certain moment z Greater than Y maxt When the moment z is the suspected distortion position of the secondary loop current, when Y z+1/F And Y z+2/F Are all greater than Y maxt When the current distortion position is the moment z, the current distortion position of the secondary loop is the moment z;
adopting secondary loop current from the moment z of the secondary loop current distortion position to the moment z+0.01 as a research object, and calculating fault arc identification parameters based on the secondary loop current and the secondary loop short-circuit fault current characteristic frequency; the identification parameters comprise a secondary loop current effective value, a secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio and a secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio, and the identification parameters are calculated as follows:
secondary loop current effective value I from z time to z+0.01 time RMSZ ：
Secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio P 1 ：
Secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P 2 ：
Wherein t is z Indicating the moment z, I j Representing the effective value of the jth harmonic component of the secondary loop current, I j Obtained by carrying out Fourier transform on secondary loop current from moment z to moment z+0.01, K represents the number of characteristic frequencies of secondary loop short-circuit fault current, and I J(k) Representing the effective value of the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current, and obtaining the effective value by carrying out Fourier transform on the J (k) th harmonic component of the secondary loop current from the moment z to the moment z+0.01;
establishing secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic based on the secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification parameters, including:
defining secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification conditions:
condition 1: secondary loop current effective value I RMSZ Is larger than the maximum effective value I of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state MAX ；
Condition 2: secondary loop current harmonic total duty ratio P 1 Is larger than the maximum harmonic total duty ratio P of the secondary loop current allowed under the normal state 1MAX ；
Condition 3: secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P 2 Is larger than the allowable secondary loop current characteristic harmonic duty ratio P in the normal state 2MAX ，P 2MAX Typically greater than 0.8;
condition 4: the arc sensor detects arc information, denoted g=1;
establishing secondary loop short-circuit fault arc identification logic according to the identification conditions:
branch arc identification logic:
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying for 10ms to trip the branch to be free;
when a certain branch of the secondary circuit simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, directly tripping the branch to be free;
total branch arc identification logic:
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 or all branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2 and 4, delaying the 10ms trip total branch circuit to be opened;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2 and 4 and all branch circuits are in the split position, directly tripping out the total branch circuits;
when the secondary circuit total branch simultaneously meets the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4 or all the branch circuits simultaneously meet the conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4, the total branch circuit is directly tripped to be free.
2. The method for identifying a secondary loop short-circuit fault arc based on an electro-optic information compounding criterion according to claim 1, wherein the fourier transforming the secondary loop short-circuit fault current comprises:
wherein i is x (t) is the short-circuit fault current of the secondary loop at the moment t, F represents the sampling frequency of the system, and w xj The phase value of the jth harmonic of the short-circuit fault current of the secondary loop is represented, and t represents time.
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