CN112903958B - Method for measuring natural density and loose coefficient of soil layer - Google Patents

Method for measuring natural density and loose coefficient of soil layer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112903958B
CN112903958B CN202110064205.6A CN202110064205A CN112903958B CN 112903958 B CN112903958 B CN 112903958B CN 202110064205 A CN202110064205 A CN 202110064205A CN 112903958 B CN112903958 B CN 112903958B
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soil
drilling bucket
drilling
bucket
soil body
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CN112903958A (en
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潘启钊
李新元
李先圳
刘锡儒
赵家福
杨晨
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Shenzhen Gongkan Geotechnical Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
    • E02D1/025—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil combined with sampling

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  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation and discloses a method for measuring soil layerA method for natural density and bulk factor comprising the steps of: s10, drilling a soil body by using a drilling bucket, crushing the soil body and shoveling the soil body into the drilling bucket; s20, recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 Recording the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 (ii) a S30, weighing the soil in the drilling bucket, and recording the weight m of the soil in the drilling bucket; s40, according to the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 Calculating the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket and the weight m of the soil body to obtain a natural density gamma; according to the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 And calculating to obtain a loose coefficient k. The method provided by the technical scheme of the invention can quickly and accurately obtain the natural density and the loose coefficient of the soil body.

Description

Method for measuring natural density and loose coefficient of soil layer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation, in particular to a method for measuring natural density and loosening coefficient of a soil layer.
Background
In geotechnical engineering investigation, the natural density and the loose coefficient of soil layers, particularly shallow fill layers, are often required to be measured. Wherein, the natural density can be used for calculating the compactness of a soil layer and evaluating the engineering property of the soil layer, and the loose coefficient can be used for calculating the earth volume in the earth engineering. Due to the characteristics of loose filling, uneven clamping of hard blocks and the like.
When the natural density is measured, the prior sampling method is difficult to obtain the representative undisturbed soil to measure the natural density in a laboratory. The current common methods include a water irrigation method and a sand irrigation method, wherein both methods need manual pit digging and soil mass weight weighing. Wherein, the sand irrigation method needs to select standard sand, the irrigation method needs to spread waterproof materials in the soil pit, and the water volume is measured accurately. The two methods have the disadvantages of more used tools, complex operation method, high difficulty in manual digging and low precision.
When the loosening coefficient is measured, the soil layer loosening coefficient is measured on site before excavation, and the soil body after excavation is roughly estimated by a mud head vehicle, so that the soil layer loosening coefficient is obtained through calculation, and the method has larger error.
Therefore, the existing methods cannot quickly and accurately obtain the natural density of the soil layer, namely the loosening coefficient, and the engineering requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer, and aims to solve the problem that the natural density, namely the loosening coefficient of the soil layer cannot be quickly and accurately obtained by the conventional method in the prior art.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for measuring the natural density and the loose coefficient of a soil layer comprises the following steps:
s10, drilling a soil body by using a drilling bucket, crushing the soil body and shoveling the soil body into the drilling bucket;
s20, recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 Recording the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 ；
S30, weighing the soil in the drilling bucket, and recording the weight m of the soil in the drilling bucket;
s40, according to the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 Calculating the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket and the weight m of the soil body to obtain a natural density gamma; according to the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil 2 And calculating to obtain a loose coefficient k.
Optionally, in S40, the depth h of the soil body drilled by the drilling bucket is determined 2 The method for calculating the natural density gamma by the aid of the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket and the weight m of the soil body comprises the following steps:
and (3) the natural density of the soil body:
Figure BDA0002903539980000021
optionally, in S40, the height h according to the soil in the drilling bucket 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil 2 The calculation method for obtaining the loose coefficient k by calculation is as follows:
soil body loose coefficient:
Figure BDA0002903539980000022
optionally, the calculation method for weighing the soil in the drilling bucket and recording the weight m of the soil in the drilling bucket is as follows:
weight of soil mass: m = m 1 -m 2 ；
In the formula, m 1 Is the total weight of the drilling bucket and the soil body, m 2 The weight of the drilling bucket being empty.
Optionally, the top of the drilling bucket has a joint, a weighing sensor is arranged at the joint, the weighing sensor is externally connected with a weight meter, and before S10:
hoisting the empty drilling bucket, wherein the reading of the weight meter is m 2 And resetting the reading of the weight meter.
Optionally, in the step of S30: and hoisting the drilling bucket and the soil body in the drilling bucket and suspending the drilling bucket in the air, wherein the reading of the weight meter is m, and the weight of the soil body in the drilling bucket is recorded as m.
Optionally, a movable valve is arranged at the bottom of the drilling bucket, the movable valve includes a first partition plate and a second partition plate, the first partition plate is fixed at the bottom of the drilling bucket, the first partition plate has a soil inlet, the second partition plate is movably connected with the first partition plate, and the second partition plate rotates around the center of the movable valve relative to the first partition plate to seal the soil inlet or enable the soil inlet to be communicated with the outside; the edge of the second partition plate is provided with picks which are obliquely arranged towards the soil inlet hole and away from the drill bucket, when the drill bucket is rotated towards a first direction, the second partition plate rotates to enable the soil inlet hole to be communicated with the outside, and when the drill bucket is rotated towards a second direction, the second partition plate rotates to enable the soil inlet hole to be closed;
the step of S10 includes: rotating and drilling the soil mass in a first direction using the drill bucket, crushing the soil mass by the obliquely arranged picks and shoveling the soil mass into the drill bucket;
before the step of S30: and rotating the drilling bucket along a second direction, blocking soil in the drilling bucket, and then taking out the drilling bucket.
Optionally, the first baffle plate protrudes with a first stop block and a second stop block, when the second baffle plate rotates to enable the soil inlet hole to be communicated with the outside, the second baffle plate abuts against the first stop block, and the cutting pick is located at the soil inlet hole; when the second partition plate rotates to seal the soil inlet hole, the second partition plate abuts against the second stop block.
Optionally, the inside of the drilling bucket is provided with an inner scale which is vertically arranged, and the outside of the drilling bucket is provided with an outer scale which is vertically arranged;
the step of S20 includes: reading the height of the soil body in the drilling bucket according to the inner side scale of the drilling bucket, and recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 (ii) a Reading the drilling depth of the drilling bucket according to the outer side scale of the drilling bucket, and recording the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 。
Optionally, in the step S10: and the drilling bucket continuously presses and drills until the height of the soil in the drilling bucket is close to the maximum measurement value of the inner side scale, and then the drilling bucket stops drilling.
Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the natural density and the loose coefficient of the soil layer, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the drilling bucket is arranged at the position of the crushed soil body, and the crushed soil body enters the drilling bucket, so that the volume of the position of the crushed soil body occupied by the drilling bucket is the natural volume of the soil body, and then the natural density of the soil body can be obtained according to the weight of the soil body; the soil body entering the drilling bucket becomes loose, and the loose coefficient of the soil body can be obtained through the volume in the drilling bucket and the volume of the position of the broken soil body occupied by the drilling bucket. The method solves the problem that the natural density of the soil layer, namely the loosening coefficient, cannot be quickly and accurately obtained by the conventional method in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining natural density and a loosening coefficient of a soil layer provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling bucket of the method for determining natural density and loose coefficient of a soil layer provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable valve of the method for determining natural density and loosening coefficient of a soil layer provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer according to the present invention before drilling in the determination step;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the end of drilling in the determination step of the method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the proposed drilling bucket in the determination step of the method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of the soil layer provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a device for determining natural density and loose coefficient of a soil layer is provided, including:
the drilling bucket 10 is cylindrical, an inner side scale 12 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the drilling bucket 10, an outer side scale 11 is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the drilling bucket 10, a connector 13 is arranged at the top of the drilling bucket 10, and the connector 13 is used for being connected with a drilling machine;
the movable valve 20 is arranged at the bottom of the drilling bucket 10, the movable valve 20 comprises a first partition plate 21 and a second partition plate 22, the first partition plate 21 is fixed at the bottom of the drilling bucket 10, the first partition plate 21 is provided with a soil inlet hole 20a, the second partition plate 22 is movably connected with the first partition plate 21, and the second partition plate 22 rotates around the center of the movable valve 20 relative to the first partition plate 21 so as to seal the soil inlet hole 20a or enable the soil inlet hole 20a to be communicated with the outside.
In the above structure, the drilling bucket 10 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity inside, and the joint 13 at the top of the drilling bucket 10 is connected with a drilling machine so as to press the device down into the soil body. And the movable valve 20 at the bottom can open the soil inlet hole 20a to let soil in and out, or close the soil inlet hole 20a to bring out the contained soil.
In the embodiment, the soil body contained in the drilling bucket 10 is taken out, so that the weight of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 can be measured, the depth of the soil body is read according to the outer side scale 11 of the drilling bucket 10 during drilling, the natural volume and the weight of the soil body in rotary excavation can be obtained, and the natural density of the soil body can be calculated; the volume of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 is obtained according to the height of the soil body contained in the drilling bucket 10, and the loosening coefficient of the soil body is further obtained through the volume ratio of the volume of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 to the natural volume of the soil body.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3 in combination, in one embodiment of the invention, the edge of the second partition 22 has a cutting pick 221 disposed obliquely toward the earth-entering hole 20a and away from the drill bucket 10.
Specifically, the cutting pick 221 is an inclined plate disposed on the edge of the second partition plate 22, the end of the inclined plate has a plurality of tip-shaped convex teeth, during the rotary drilling process, the cutting pick 221 will have friction with the bottom of the drill hole, when the drilling bucket 10 rotates in the first direction, the second partition plate 22 rotates to enable the soil inlet hole 20a to be communicated with the outside, and when the drilling bucket 10 rotates in the second direction, the second partition plate 22 rotates to enable the soil inlet hole 20a to be closed. In addition, the first direction is the inclined direction of the cutting pick 221, and the second direction is the direction opposite to the first direction, so that in the rotary drilling process, the cutting pick 221 can scoop up the soil body and further send the soil body into the drilling bucket 10, and inaccurate measuring results caused by compaction of the soil body when the drilling bucket 10 is directly pressed down can be avoided. In this embodiment, the first direction is a clockwise rotation direction, and the second direction is a counterclockwise rotation direction.
Moreover, the first baffle plate 21 protrudes with a first stop block and a second stop block, when the second baffle plate 22 rotates to make the soil inlet hole 20a communicate with the outside, the second baffle plate 22 abuts against the first stop block, and the cutting tooth 221 is located at the soil inlet hole 20 a; when the second partition 22 is rotated to close the soil inlet hole 20a, the second partition 22 abuts against the second stopper.
Thus, rotation of the first partition 21 is limited by the first and second blocks, and the pick 221 is located at the earth feed hole 20a so that the pick 221 shovels earth into the drill bucket 10.
In another embodiment, only a first partition plate 21 and a second partition plate 22 are provided, the first partition plate 21 is in a fan shape, the second partition plate 22 is also in a fan shape, and the two partition plates rotate and connect at the center of the movable valve 20, the first stop block and the second stop block of the first partition plate 21 are in the same structure, a cutting tooth 221 is provided at one side edge of the second partition plate 22, in the rotation process of the second partition plate 22, one end of the second partition plate 22 will abut against the first stop block or the second stop block, so that the soil inlet hole 20a is opened, and the other end of the second partition plate 22 will abut against the first stop block or the second stop block, so that the soil inlet hole 20a is closed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first partition boards 21 is two, the two first partition boards 21 are disposed oppositely and connected to each other at the center of the movable valve 20, the number of the second partition boards 22 is two, the two second partition boards 22 are disposed symmetrically at the center and connected to each other at the center of the movable valve 20, and the connection point of the two second partition boards 22 is rotatably connected to the connection point of the two first partition boards 21.
Two soil inlet holes 20a are respectively formed in the gap between the two first partition boards 21, the cutting teeth 221 are arranged at the edge of each second partition board 22 so as to scoop soil into the corresponding soil inlet holes 20a, and the soil can be more efficiently scooped into the drilling bucket 10 through the cutting teeth 221 at the two sides so as to accurately perform subsequent calculation.
In the above-mentioned rotary connection, a rotating shaft extends from the connection point of the two first partition boards 21, the connection point of the two second partition boards 22 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, so as to realize the rotation of the second partition boards 22, and a cutting pick 221 which is obliquely arranged extends from the center, so as to break the soil body and shovel the soil body into the drilling bucket 10.
In addition, combining the functions of the first stopper and the second stopper, one of the first partition boards 21 protrudes with the first stopper, and the other one of the first partition boards 21 protrudes with the second stopper.
In this way, the first stopper and the second stopper further open and close the soil inlet holes 20a on both sides of the second partition 22.
Furthermore, two sides of the first block or the second block are respectively provided with a groove to embed the edge of the second partition plate 22, so as to ensure the stable structure of the second partition plate 22 when the drilling bucket 10 is drilled or the drilling bucket 10 is taken out.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a load cell 14 is disposed at the joint 13, and a weight meter 15 is externally connected to the load cell 14.
The weight of the empty drilling bucket 10 can be directly measured through the weighing sensor 14 at the joint 13, and when the drilling bucket 10 filled with soil is put forward, the total weight of the drilling bucket 10 and the soil is measured, so that the weight of the corresponding soil can be obtained, and the natural density and the loosening coefficient of the soil can be rapidly measured and calculated.
In this embodiment, the top of the drilling bucket 10 collects the connecting column through four supporting rods, the upper side and the lower side of the weighing sensor 14 are respectively fixedly connected with the joint 13 and the connecting column to realize weighing, moreover, the weight meter 15 is provided with a reading disc, the weight meter 15 is directly fixed at the joint 13, the weighing sensor 14 is connected into the weight meter 15, the weight of the drilling bucket 10 or the soil body below can be directly measured and observed, and calculation is facilitated.
Of course, in other embodiments, after the drilling bucket 10 contains the soil, the soil may be transported to other weighing places for weighing measurement in order to obtain the weight of the contained soil.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the starting points of the inner scale 12 and the outer scale 11 are located at the same height of the drilling bucket 10.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the starting points of the inner scale 12 and the outer scale 11 are located on the lower surface of the first partition 21, that is, on the upper surface of the second partition 22, so as to facilitate observation and calculation of the natural density and the bulk factor of the soil mass.
In addition, in order to facilitate observation of the inner scale 12, the top of the drill 10 is hollowed out.
That is, the top of the drilling bucket 10 is provided with a top plate, the middle part of the top plate is provided with a through hole, the top plate is welded and fixed with the supporting rod, and the height in the soil body can be observed through the hollow through hole so as to facilitate the subsequent calculation. The drilling depth of the drilling bucket 10 can be directly observed from the position of the outer scale 11 on the ground.
Further, in order to prevent the inner scale 12 and the outer scale 11 from being worn by friction, the inner scale 12 and the outer scale 11 are formed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the drill 10 by scoring.
In another embodiment, in order to quickly observe the height of the internal soil and the drilling depth of the drilling bucket 10, a strip-shaped transparent plate is arranged on the side wall of the drilling bucket 10, the transparent plate is vertically arranged, a scale is arranged on the side edge of the transparent plate, and the height of the internal soil and the drilling depth of the drilling bucket 10 can be intuitively known through the transparent plate, so that the measurement is quicker and more accurate.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the outer sidewall of the drill bucket 10 is smooth.
Therefore, the natural density and the loose coefficient of the soil obtained by subsequent calculation are more accurate, and the influence on the surrounding soil can be reduced.
Also, the inner side walls of the drill bucket 10 are smooth to make the calculation more accurate.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a natural density and a loosening coefficient of a soil layer includes the following steps:
s10, drilling a soil body by using the drilling bucket 10, crushing the soil body and shoveling the soil body into the drilling bucket 10;
s20, recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 1 Recording the depth h of the drilling bucket 10 into the soil body 2 ；
S30, weighing the soil in the drilling bucket 10, and recording the weight m of the soil in the drilling bucket 10;
s40, according to the depth h of the drilling bucket 10 in the soil body 2 Calculating the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket 10 and the weight m of the soil body to obtain a natural density gamma; according to the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket 10 into the earth 2 And calculating to obtain a loose coefficient k.
In the embodiment, after the soil body is crushed, the drilling bucket 10 is placed at the crushed soil body position, and the crushed soil body enters the drilling bucket 10, so that the volume of the crushed soil body position occupied by the drilling bucket 10 is the natural volume of the soil body, and then the natural density of the soil body can be obtained according to the weight of the soil body; the soil body entering the drilling bucket 10 becomes loose, and the loose coefficient of the soil body can be obtained through the volume in the drilling bucket 10 and the volume of the position of the broken soil body occupied by the drilling bucket 10.
Referring to fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in detail, in S40, the drilling depth h of the drilling bucket 10 into the soil is determined 2 The method for calculating the natural density gamma by the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket 10 and the weight m of the soil body comprises the following steps:
the natural density of the soil body is as follows:
Figure BDA0002903539980000091
the natural density of the soil body is the weight m and the original volume v of the soil body 2 The ratio of (A) to (B) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002903539980000092
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002903539980000093
according to the calculation, the following results are obtained:
Figure BDA0002903539980000094
in S40, the height h of the soil in the drill 10 is determined 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket 10 into the earth 2 The calculation method for obtaining the loose coefficient k by calculation is as follows:
soil body loose coefficient:
Figure BDA0002903539980000095
the loosening coefficient of the soil body is the volume v of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 1 And the original volume v 2 The ratio of the components is as follows:
Figure BDA0002903539980000101
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002903539980000102
wherein D is the inner diameter of the drill bucket 10, and D is the outer diameter of the drill bucket 10, in the invention, D is approximately equal to D, and the following is calculated according to the method:
Figure BDA0002903539980000103
the fast calculation of the soil bulk coefficient is realized.
In this embodiment, the outer diameter D =1m, the inner diameter D =0.98m, and the height H =1.5m of the drilling bucket 10 are given, but of course, the size of the drilling bucket 10 may be changed according to actual situations, and the loosening coefficient measured as the drilling bucket 10 is thinner is more accurate, and of course, in order to obtain the loosening coefficient of the soil more accurately, the volume ratio may be calculated according to the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the drilling bucket 10, which is not described in detail.
Referring to fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for weighing the soil mass in the drilling bucket 10 and recording the weight m of the soil mass in the drilling bucket 10 includes the following steps:
weight of soil mass: m = m 1 -m 2 ；
In the formula, m 1 M is the total weight of the drilling bucket 10 and the earth mass 2 The weight of the bucket 10 being empty.
Therefore, the weight of the soil body can be obtained according to the weight difference of the drill bucket 10, and the natural density and the loose coefficient of the soil body can be conveniently and quickly calculated.
And, before S10:
the empty drilling bucket 10 is lifted, and the weight meter 15 reads m 2 The reading of the weight table 15 is cleared.
Therefore, when the drilling bucket 10 is subsequently weighed, the weight of the drilling bucket 10 is removed, the reading displayed by the weight meter 15 is the weight of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10, and the difference does not need to be calculated, so that the measurement and calculation are more accurate and faster.
Specifically, in the step S30: the drilling bucket 10 and the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 are lifted and suspended in the air, the reading of the weight meter 15 is m, and the weight of the soil body in the drilling bucket 10 is recorded as m.
When the drilling bucket 10 is suspended in the air, the weighing sensor 14 senses the weight of the drilling bucket 10 and transmits the weight to the weight meter 15 for displaying, and the weight meter 15 directly displays the weight m of the soil body for rapid and accurate measurement and calculation.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5, and fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step S10 includes: rotating and drilling the soil body in a first direction by using the drilling bucket 10, and crushing and shoveling the soil body into the drilling bucket 10 by the cutting teeth 221 which are arranged in an inclined manner;
before the step of S30: the drilling bucket 10 is rotated in a second direction, the soil is blocked in the drilling bucket 10, and then the drilling bucket 10 is taken out.
In this embodiment, the first direction is a clockwise rotation direction, the second direction is an anticlockwise rotation direction, the rotary drilling rig rotates the drilling bucket 10, so that the cutting tooth 221 generates friction with the bottom surface of the drilled hole, the second partition plate 22 is opened, and meanwhile, the cutting tooth 221 can crush and shovel soil into the soil, thereby avoiding inaccurate measurement and calculation caused by direct downward pressing. When the drilling bucket 10 is rotated along the second direction, the second partition plate 22 seals the soil inlet hole 20a, and soil is locked in the drilling bucket 10, so that after the drilling bucket 10 is taken out, the soil in the drilling bucket 10 cannot fall off, and the drilling bucket 10 can be conveniently suspended in the air for weighing.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6 in combination, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step S20 includes: reading the height of the soil in the drill bucket 10 according to the inner side scale 12 of the drill bucket 10, and recording the height h of the soil in the drill bucket 10 1 (ii) a Reading the drilling depth of the drilling bucket 10 according to the outer side scale 11 of the drilling bucket 10, and recording the depth h of the drilling bucket 10 into the soil body 2 。
In this embodiment, the inner scale 12 can be observed through the hollowed through hole at the top of the drill bucket 10 to obtain the height h of the soil body in the drill bucket 10 1 And the drilling depth h of the soil body 2 Then, the outer scale 11 is directly observed.
And, in the step of S10: the drilling bucket 10 continuously presses and drills until the height of the soil in the drilling bucket 10 is close to the maximum measurement value of the inner side scale 12, and then the drilling bucket 10 stops drilling.
Therefore, on one hand, the height of the soil in the drilling bucket 10 is convenient to observe, and on the other hand, the more the crushed soil or the soil in the drilling bucket 10 is, the smaller the error is, and the more accurate the natural density and the loosening coefficient of the soil obtained through calculation can be.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for measuring natural density and loose coefficient of a soil layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, drilling a soil body by using a drilling bucket, crushing the soil body and shoveling the soil body into the drilling bucket;
s20, recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 Recording the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 ；
S30, weighing the soil in the drilling bucket, and recording the weight m of the soil in the drilling bucket;
s40, according to the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 Calculating the outer diameter D of the drilling bucket and the weight m of the soil body to obtain a natural density gamma; according to the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 And the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil 2 Calculating to obtain a loose coefficient: k = h 1 /h 2 ；
The inner part of the drilling bucket is provided with an inner side scale which is vertically arranged, and the outer part of the drilling bucket is provided with an outer side scale which is vertically arranged;
the step of S20 includes: reading the height of the soil body in the drilling bucket according to the inner side scale of the drilling bucket, and recording the height h of the soil body in the drilling bucket 1 (ii) a Reading the drilling depth of the drilling bucket according to the outer side scale of the drilling bucket, and recording the depth h of the drilling soil body of the drilling bucket 2 ；
The movable valve is arranged at the bottom of the drilling bucket and comprises a first partition plate and a second partition plate, the first partition plate is fixed at the bottom of the drilling bucket and is provided with a soil inlet hole, the second partition plate is movably connected with the first partition plate, and the second partition plate rotates around the center of the movable valve relative to the first partition plate so as to seal the soil inlet hole or enable the soil inlet hole to be communicated with the outside; the edge of the second partition plate is provided with cutting teeth which are obliquely arranged towards the soil inlet hole and away from the drill bucket, when the drill bucket is rotated towards a first direction, the second partition plate rotates to enable the soil inlet hole to be communicated with the outside, and when the drill bucket is rotated towards a second direction, the second partition plate rotates to enable the soil inlet hole to be closed;
the step of S10 includes: rotating and drilling the soil mass in a first direction using the drill bucket, crushing and shoveling the soil mass into the drill bucket by the obliquely arranged picks;
before the step of S30: and rotating the drilling bucket along a second direction, blocking soil in the drilling bucket, and then taking out the drilling bucket.
2. The method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the step S40 is performed according to the depth h of the drilling bucket into the soil body 2 The method for calculating the natural density gamma by the external diameter D of the drilling bucket and the weight m of the soil body comprises the following steps:
and (3) the natural density of the soil body:
Figure FDA0003655027220000021
3. a method of determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil horizon as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 wherein the method of weighing the soil mass inside the rig and recording the weight m of the soil mass inside the rig is calculated as follows:
weight of soil mass: m = m 1 -m 2 ；
In the formula, m 1 M is the total weight of the drilling bucket and the soil body 2 The weight of the drilling bucket being empty.
4. The method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of the soil layer as recited in claim 3, wherein the top of the drilling bucket is provided with a joint, a load cell is arranged at the joint, the load cell is externally connected with a weight meter, and before S10:
hoisting the empty drilling bucket, wherein the reading of the weight meter is m 2 And resetting the reading of the weight meter.
5. The method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer as set forth in claim 4, wherein the step of S30 is: and hoisting the drilling bucket and the soil body in the drilling bucket and suspending the drilling bucket in the air, wherein the reading of the weight meter is m, and the weight of the soil body in the drilling bucket is recorded as m.
6. The method for determining the natural density and the loose modulus of the soil layer as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first baffle projects with a first block and a second block, the second baffle is rotated to connect the soil inlet hole to the outside, the second baffle abuts against the first block, and the pick is located at the soil inlet hole; when the second partition plate rotates to seal the soil inlet hole, the second partition plate abuts against the second stop block.
7. A method for determining the natural density and the loosening coefficient of a soil layer according to any of claims 1 to 2, wherein in the step S10: and the drilling bucket continuously presses and drills until the height of the soil body in the drilling bucket is close to the maximum measurement value of the inner side scale, and then the drilling bucket stops drilling.
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IT1303164B1 (en) * 1998-07-21 2000-10-30 Soilmec Spa HELICAL DRILLING DEVICE.
EP2696027B1 (en) * 2012-08-06 2016-06-15 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Drilling bucket and method for drilling a bore hole
CN203452646U (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-02-26 深圳市工勘岩土工程有限公司 Rotary excavating drilling bucket and rotary drilling rig using drilling bucket
CN204126556U (en) * 2014-08-04 2015-01-28 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 Churning driven head and drilling tool
CN108385644A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-08-10 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of ground coefficient of volumetric expansion test method
CN109267560A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-25 中交二航局成都城市建设工程有限公司 A kind of soil body coefficient of volumetric expansion measurement device and method
US20210123305A1 (en) * 2019-10-28 2021-04-29 Brian Lynn Fritz Combined Bucket Drill and Soil Screen Apparatus and Method for Archaeological Excavations

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