CN112902218B - Differential pressure control method and device for air preheater of coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Differential pressure control method and device for air preheater of coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN112902218B CN112902218B CN202110127183.3A CN202110127183A CN112902218B CN 112902218 B CN112902218 B CN 112902218B CN 202110127183 A CN202110127183 A CN 202110127183A CN 112902218 B CN112902218 B CN 112902218B
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- air preheater
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/26—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
- F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a differential pressure control method and a differential pressure control device for an air preheater of a coal-fired power plant, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of the air pre-heaters is two, and for each air pre-heater: acquiring a pressure difference value between a cold end and a hot end of the air preheater, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater and the boiler load of a coal-fired power plant in real time; if the pressure difference value is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value. The invention has the advantages of obvious soot blowing effect, effective shortening of soot blowing time, timely reduction of air preheater pressure difference, reduction of fan running current and energy consumption saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of differential pressure control of air pre-heaters of coal-fired power plants, in particular to a differential pressure control method of an air pre-heater of a coal-fired power plant and a differential pressure control device of the air pre-heater of the coal-fired power plant.
Background
For coal-fired power plants, nitrogen oxides, SO 2、SO3 and dust are generated in the process of generating electricity by combusting coal, and vanadium pentoxide in a denitration catalyst (SCR) can easily oxidize SO 2 in flue gas into SO 3, SO that the concentration of SO 3 in the flue gas is increased. After SO 3 in the flue gas is combined with water vapor, H 2SO4 is formed by condensation at the cold end of the air preheater. On one hand, the H 2SO4 reacts with metal elements (Ca, mg, cu, fe and the like) in the flue gas to generate corrosion and scale substances, which can cause dust deposition at the cold end of the air preheater, and on the other hand, the condensed H 2SO4 can adsorb dust in the flue gas, which can cause dust deposition at the cold end of the air preheater, which is also an important reason for dust deposition of the air preheater.
In addition, the off-stream reductant does not completely escape into the flue gas and reacts with NH 3 and SO 3 to form NH 4HSO4. When the temperature reaches 147 ℃, the ammonia bisulfate gathers on the surface of an object in a liquid form or disperses in the smoke in a liquid drop form, the ammonia bisulfate is a substance with strong viscosity and is extremely easy to adhere to a heat exchange element of the air preheater, so that the air preheater is blocked, the pressure difference of the air preheater is continuously increased, the pressure difference of the air preheater is high, the outlet pressure of a blower is high, the blower is easy to enter a stall area, the running load of a unit is limited, and in addition, the running current of the blower is greatly increased due to the high pressure difference of the air preheater, so that the running economy is seriously influenced.
Therefore, after the differential pressure of the air preheater is increased, the deposited ash in the air preheater needs to be removed, the existing cleaning method adopts a high-pressure water gun to wash or uses a soot blower to soot the air preheater under the condition of no shutdown after shutdown, and the first mode has good dust removal effect, but has high cost and needs a shutdown unit, so that huge economic loss can be caused; therefore, in the prior art, the air preheater is blown by using the soot blower under the condition of no shutdown, but the second mode has low cost, but the soot blowing effect is not obvious, and the problems of exceeding pollutant discharge amount and the like possibly exist in the soot blowing process, so that the problem needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a differential pressure control method and a differential pressure control device for an air preheater of a coal-fired power plant, which at least solve the problems that the differential pressure of the air preheater is high, so that the outlet pressure of a blower is high, the blower enters a stall area, the running load of a unit is limited, the running current of the blower is greatly increased, and the running economy is seriously affected.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a differential pressure control method for air pre-heaters of a coal-fired power plant, wherein two air pre-heaters are provided, and a soot blower is arranged at the cold end of each air pre-heater; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of each secondary air channel is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding blower through a second pipeline, and the method comprises the following steps:
for each air preheater:
acquiring a pressure difference value between a cold end and a hot end of the air preheater, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater and the boiler load of a coal-fired power plant in real time;
If the pressure difference value is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
And when the first pipeline of the air preheater is closed and the second pipeline of the air preheater is conducted to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater, increasing the flux of condensed water entering the condenser corresponding to the air preheater, and controlling the temperature of the flue gas entering the dust remover corresponding to the air preheater to be in a preset inlet flue gas temperature interval.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and if the pressure difference value is still larger than the preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time reaches the time T, carrying out alarm operation.
Optionally, the controlling the soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to a preset soot blowing pressure includes:
The method comprises the steps of controlling the soot blower to perform intermittent soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater at a preset soot blowing frequency for a period of time T 1, and controlling the soot blower to perform continuous soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater; the time T 1 is less than the time T.
Optionally, in the process of increasing the exhaust temperature of the air preheater, the working current of the air preheater is obtained in real time, and the alarm operation is performed under the condition that the working current is larger than a preset current value.
Optionally, the closing the first pipe of the air preheater and conducting the second pipe of the air preheater to increase the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater includes:
the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the air preheater is reduced, and the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the other air preheater is increased.
Optionally, the reducing the blowing amount of the blower connected to the air preheater includes:
the temperature rising rate of the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is controlled to be kept in a preset temperature rising interval by adjusting the air supply quantity of the air feeder connected with the air preheater.
The invention provides a differential pressure control device for air pre-heaters of a coal-fired power plant, wherein the number of the air pre-heaters is two, and the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of every secondary wind channel all is connected to the air intake of corresponding forced draught blower through the second pipeline, differential pressure control device includes, includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of each air preheater in real time, and the exhaust gas temperature of each air preheater and the boiler load of the coal-fired power plant;
The soot blowing control module is used for, for each air preheater: when the pressure difference value of the air preheater is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value.
Optionally, the differential pressure control device further includes:
And the alarm module is used for generating alarm operation under the condition that the pressure difference value of each air preheater is still larger than a preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time of each air preheater reaches time T.
In another aspect, the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the above-described differential pressure control method for a coal-fired power plant air preheater of the present application.
According to the invention, after the differential pressure value of the air preheater is increased to the preset differential pressure value, the air quantity entering the air preheater is not changed, the temperature of the flue gas in the air preheater is increased by reducing the air supply quantity of the air blower, so that the temperature in the air preheater is increased, and the ammonium bisulfate is evaporated, and then the soot blowing operation is performed through the soot blower, so that the soot blowing effect is obvious, the time required by soot blowing can be effectively shortened, the differential pressure of the air preheater is reduced by the soot blowing operation, the outlet pressure of the air blower is timely reduced, the air blower is prevented from entering a stall area, the operation load of a unit is limited, the differential pressure of the air preheater is timely reduced, the operation current of the air blower can be reduced, and the energy consumption is saved.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a differential pressure optimizing control method of an air preheater of a coal-fired power plant;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flue gas system of the air preheater of the coal-fired power plant;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the differential pressure optimizing control device of the air preheater of the coal-fired power plant;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the change of the pressure difference of the air pre-cleaner before soot blowing and the pressure difference of the air pre-cleaner after soot blowing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the currents of the blower, the induced draft fan and the primary air blower before and after soot blowing.
Description of the reference numerals
10-An acquisition module; 20-soot blowing control module.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the differential pressure optimizing control method of the air preheater of the coal-fired power plant. As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a differential pressure control method for air pre-heaters of a coal-fired power plant, wherein two air pre-heaters are provided, and the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of each secondary air channel is connected to the air inlet of a corresponding air blower through a second pipeline, and for each air preheater, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 101, acquiring a pressure difference value between a cold end and a hot end of the air preheater, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater and the boiler load of a coal-fired power plant in real time;
Step 102, if the pressure difference value is greater than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is less than a preset load value, closing the first pipeline and conducting the second pipeline of the air preheater to increase the exhaust temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust temperature is increased to the preset temperature, and controlling the soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is less than the preset pressure difference value.
Specifically, in the working process, the differential pressure value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is gradually increased, the differential pressure value can be obtained by collecting the pipeline pressure connected with the air preheater, the differential pressure value is excessive, the blower enters a stall area to limit the running load of the unit, and the power loss of the blower, the induced draft fan and the primary fan is increased, so that when the differential pressure value reaches the preset differential pressure value, the differential pressure of the air preheater needs to be timely reduced, the running current of the blower is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved; in the actual operation process, because the dew point of the ammonia bisulfate is 147 ℃, the ammonia bisulfate can be removed by adopting a temperature rise method, according to the actual situation, a heating device can be arranged on the air preheater to increase the temperature of the air preheater so as to enable the ammonia bisulfate to absorb heat and evaporate, but in this way, the rest soot blowing cost can be increased, therefore, the air preheater can be heated by utilizing the temperature of flue gas passing through the air preheater, energy sources can be saved, the temperature in the air preheater can be further increased so as to enable the ammonia bisulfate to absorb heat and evaporate, therefore, when the pressure difference value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is larger than the preset pressure difference value, the pressure difference value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is larger than the preset pressure difference value in a period of time, or the number of times that the pressure difference value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is larger than the preset pressure difference value in a period of time reaches the preset frequency standard, the load of the boiler can be obtained, and when the load of the boiler is larger, the boiler cannot be subjected to soot blowing operation, after the load of the boiler is required to be reduced, the operation is carried out, and the damage of a soot blowing system is avoided in the soot blowing process is carried out; if the load of the boiler is smaller than a preset load value, the smoke temperature of the air preheater to be blown is increased, the smoke temperature of the air preheater to be blown reaches the preset temperature, the air preheater is controlled to blow the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset blowing pressure, and the blowing operation is completed until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value.
Further, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas system of the air preheater of the coal-fired power plant, as shown in fig. 2, the specific connection relationship between each component in the flue gas system of the air preheater is as follows: the device comprises two air pre-heaters A and B which are arranged in parallel, wherein the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower (not shown), each air pre-heater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is sequentially connected with a boiler, a denitration device, the air pre-heater, a condenser, a dust remover, an induced draft fan, a desulfurization device and a chimney; the primary air duct is sequentially connected with a primary air fan, an air preheater and a boiler; the secondary air channel is sequentially connected with a blower, an air preheater and a boiler, the secondary air channels of the air preheater A and the air preheater B are communicated with each other through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the air preheater and the blower; and the air outlet of each secondary air channel is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding blower through the second pipeline.
The first pipeline is communicated with the blowers of the two air pre-heaters, when the exhaust gas temperature of the air pre-heaters to be blown is increased, the first pipeline is closed at first, the mutual influence between the two blowers is cut off, then the second pipeline is controlled to be conducted, after the second pipeline is conducted, the air sent out by the blowers can return to the blowers after being heated by the air pre-heaters, and then reaches the air pre-heaters again for heating after passing through the blowers, so that the circulation is carried out for a plurality of times, the heat utilization rate is increased, and the conduction of the first pipeline and the second pipeline can be controlled through the electromagnetic valve arranged on the pipeline.
Further, the method further comprises:
And when the first pipeline of the air preheater is closed and the second pipeline of the air preheater is conducted to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater, increasing the flux of condensed water entering the condenser corresponding to the air preheater, and controlling the temperature of the flue gas entering the dust remover corresponding to the air preheater to be in a preset inlet flue gas temperature interval.
Specifically, when the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater to be blown into dust is increased, the exhaust gas temperature is increased when the air preheater is more normally operated, if the exhaust gas discharged by the air preheater is treated according to the tail gas treatment standard under normal conditions, the exhaust gas temperature of the dust remover is possibly caused to exceed the standard of discharge of pollutants such as sulfide, therefore, the exhaust gas temperature of the dust remover needs to be monitored, the exhaust gas temperature entering the dust remover is reduced by increasing the conduction quantity of condensed water entering the condenser, so that the exhaust gas temperature entering the dust remover is located in a preset inlet exhaust gas temperature interval, and meanwhile, the parameters of a desulfurization and dust removal system are adjusted to ensure that the discharged exhaust gas can meet the discharge standard. In addition, the working mode of the dust remover can be adjusted, and the gap power supply mode adopted under normal conditions is adjusted to be a spark setting mode.
Further, the method further comprises:
and if the pressure difference value is still larger than the preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time reaches the time T, carrying out alarm operation.
In the process of adopting the method to perform the soot blowing operation to reduce the differential pressure of the air preheater, the soot blowing effect cannot reach the preset target due to insufficient soot blowing pressure or insufficient temperature to fully volatilize ammonium bisulfate, at this time, the detected differential pressure value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is still larger than the preset differential pressure value, and no additional effect is generated when the soot blowing operation is continuously performed, so that after the soot blower is controlled to perform the soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure for the time T, the differential pressure is still larger than the preset differential pressure value, an alarm is generated, and an operator is reminded to take additional standby means to perform the soot blowing operation or stop the soot blowing.
Further, the controlling the soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure includes:
The method comprises the steps of controlling the soot blower to perform intermittent soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater at a preset soot blowing frequency for a period of time T 1, and controlling the soot blower to perform continuous soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater; the time T 1 is less than the time T.
When the exhaust temperature of the air preheater to be blown reaches the preset temperature, ammonium bisulfate is not completely heated and volatilized at the moment, if the blowing operation is started at the moment, the effect is not obvious, the energy consumption is increased, and the energy consumption of the blowing operation is reduced, so that the air preheater is controlled to intermittently blow the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset blowing pressure and the preset blowing frequency, intermittent blowing can be set to intermittently blow the ash according to the preset blowing pressure and the blowing frequency in a fixed interval time, the ammonium bisulfate which is volatilized after being heated and volatilized and the dust which is expanded after the time T 1 passes, and the continuous blowing operation is performed at the moment, so that the blowing effect is more obvious, the dust and the ammonium bisulfate can be maximally discharged, the energy consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved; in the process of blowing, the preset blowing pressure of intermittent blowing and continuous blowing can be set to different values, and blowing with different angle changes can be adopted during blowing, so that the blowing effect is ensured.
Further, in the process of improving the exhaust temperature of the air preheater, the working current of the air preheater is obtained in real time, and the alarm operation is carried out under the condition that the working current is larger than a preset current value.
In the process of improving the exhaust temperature of the air preheater, the air preheater can absorb heat, the air preheater can possibly cause thermal expansion, the air preheater can generate obvious friction, the working resistance of the air preheater can change, so that the working current fluctuates, a preset current threshold value is set, and when the working current of the air preheater is larger than the preset current threshold value or the working current fluctuation of the air preheater is severe, an alarm is generated, and the exhaust temperature of the air preheater is stopped being raised; the working current fluctuation of the air preheater can be used for obtaining the working current in normal operation, and setting a normal fluctuation interval as a judgment standard.
Further, the closing the first pipe of the air preheater and conducting the second pipe of the air preheater to increase the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater includes:
the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the air preheater is reduced, and the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the other air preheater is increased.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the temperature rising rate, therefore, the air supply amount of the blower of the air preheater to be blown needs to be reduced, but in order to meet the normal operation requirement of the boiler, the air supply amount of the blower connected to the other air preheater which does not perform the blowing needs to be increased, and the second pipeline corresponding to the air preheater which does not raise the temperature can be conducted, so that the temperature of the air to be blown is reduced while the air supply amount is increased, and therefore, by conducting the second pipeline, the air passing through the secondary air passage of the air preheater can be made to pass through the blower, thereby realizing the temperature rising.
Further, the reducing the air supply amount of the blower connected with the air preheater comprises:
the temperature rising rate of the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is controlled to be kept in a preset temperature rising interval by adjusting the air supply quantity of the air feeder connected with the air preheater.
In the heating process, in order to avoid the occurrence of uneven thermal expansion, the heating rate needs to be strictly controlled so as to ensure the normal operation of the air transportation gas. In the heating process and the soot blowing process, when abnormal phenomena such as large vibration, overhigh bearing temperature and the like occur in the air preheater, the blower, the induced draft fan and the primary fan, the heating is needed to be stopped and corresponding cooling measures are adopted. For example, the temperature of the bearing of the induced draft fan is detected to be too high, and at the moment, a standby cooling fan needs to be started for cooling.
The invention provides a differential pressure control device for air pre-heaters of a coal-fired power plant, wherein the number of the air pre-heaters is two, and the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of every secondary wind channel all is connected to the air intake of corresponding forced draught blower through the second pipeline, differential pressure controlling means includes:
The acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of each air preheater in real time, the exhaust gas temperature of each air preheater and the boiler load of the coal-fired power plant;
A soot blowing control module 20 for each air preheater: when the pressure difference value of the air preheater is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value.
Further, the differential pressure control device further includes:
and the alarm module (not shown) is used for generating alarm operation when the pressure difference value of each air preheater is still larger than a preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time of each air preheater reaches time T.
In another aspect, the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the above-described differential pressure control method for a coal-fired power plant air preheater of the present application.
Example 1:
In the embodiment, taking 4 x 660MW units of a Zhejiang energy Lanxi power plant as an example, a boiler adopts a Bawei boiler plant B & W B-1903/25.4-M supercritical parameter variable-pressure operation direct-current boiler, and the boiler is a single-hearth, one-time reheating, balanced ventilation, open-air arrangement, solid slag discharge, an all-steel framework and light metal roof, and a full-suspension structure II-type boiler; the boiler is provided with 2 three-bin rotary air pre-heaters which are respectively named as an air pre-heater A and an air pre-heater B, the model of the air pre-heater is 31.5VNT 1850, a main radial partition plate extending outwards from a central cylinder divides a rotor into 24 bins, each bin is divided into 48 bins by a secondary radial partition plate, and the three-bin air pre-heater is provided with three airflows, namely flue gas, secondary air and primary air; the diameter of the rotor is 14080mm, the height of the heat exchange element is 1850mm, and 2 layers of heat exchange elements are arranged on the rotor bin; the hot end heat exchange element is provided by Haotong, the height is 850mm, the thickness of the plate is 0.5mm, the waveform of the heat exchange element is HS7, and the material is low carbon steel; the cold end heat exchange element is provided by Zhejiang Korl, the height is 1000mm, the thickness of the plate is 0.75mm, enamel is plated on both sides, the thickness of one side of the enamel is 0.15mm, the waveform of the heat exchange element is KE-1, and the corrugated plate base material adopts low carbon steel; the denitration system adopts a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration process, liquid ammonia is used as a reducing agent, the SCR is arranged between an economizer and an air preheater, and 2 SCR reactors are arranged in each furnace. The catalyst adopts a honeycomb catalyst and is arranged in 3 layers.
In the period from 12 months in 2019 to 3 months in 2020, when the ambient temperature is relatively low, the differential pressure of the air preheater of the #1 boiler is increased, and at the moment, the soot blowing pressure at the cold end of the air preheater is simply adjusted from 1.0MPa to 1.3MPa, so that the pressure difference rising trend of the air preheater is relieved, and the pressure difference still slowly rises. After the temperature returns in summer, the pressure difference of the air preheater is gradually increased, but after the temperature is reduced by 10 months, the pressure difference of the air preheater is quickly increased to the end of 10 months, and due to the high pressure difference of the air preheater, the outlet pressure of the air blower is high, and the air conditioner easily enters a stall area, so that the unit load is limited to be less than 620 MW. In addition, due to the high pressure difference of the air preheater, the running current of the fan is greatly increased, and the running economy is seriously influenced. Aiming at the problem of serious blockage of the air preheater of the #1 unit, the pressure difference optimization control method of the air preheater of the coal-fired power plant is adopted for pressure difference optimization of the air preheater in 11 months of 2020 and 2 days of 3 days.
Firstly, blowing ash on the air preheater B, and optimizing the pressure difference of the air preheater B:
When the unit normally operates, the pressure difference value of the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is continuously larger than the preset pressure difference value in a period of time, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is normal, and the load of the boiler is 500MW, at the moment, the first pipeline communicated with the air blowers is slowly closed, the two second pipelines are slowly fully opened, the air supply quantity of the air blowers corresponding to the air preheater B is slowly reduced, the air supply quantity of the air blowers corresponding to the air preheater B is slowly increased, the total air supply quantity of the boiler is kept basically unchanged, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater B is increased at a heating rate of more than or equal to 0.5 ℃/min, the gap power supply mode of the dust remover is adjusted to be a spark setting mode, the cooling water flow of the condenser is increased, the exhaust gas temperature entering the dust remover is reduced, when the temperature of the exhaust gas of the air preheater B rises to 190 ℃, the soot blower is controlled to perform intermittent soot blowing, the soot blowing pressure is 2.0MPa, the soot blowing frequency is that the soot blowing operation is performed every 45 minutes, the soot blowing operation is performed every ten minutes at intervals, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater B is kept stable at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, in the heating process, the current fluctuation of the air preheater, the blower, the induced draft fan and the primary fan is normal and the temperature is not abnormal, the air preheater B is continuously soot-blown until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater B is smaller than a preset pressure difference value, and then the air preheater A is soot-blown in the same way.
The current change conditions of the differential pressure value before and after the air preheater is blown and the blower, the induced draft fan and the primary fan are shown in the following table 1:
table 1: differential pressure change table of air preheater of #1 furnace before and after soot blowing
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing changes of the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner before soot blowing and the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner after soot blowing, as shown in FIG. 4, after differential pressure optimization, the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner A and the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner B are obviously reduced, the unit rises to rated load 660MW in year 2020 and month 11 and 6, the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner A and the differential pressure of the air pre-cleaner B are respectively 1.44kPa and 1.25kPa, and each fan operates normally, so that the operation of the unit under full load condition can be satisfied, and the problem of load limiting operation of the unit is solved.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of currents of blowers, induced fans and primary fans before and after soot blowing, and as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, after differential pressure optimization, the differential pressure of the smoke side of the #1 air preheater A is reduced by 0.6kPa, the differential pressure of the smoke side of the #1 air preheater B is reduced by 1.13kPa, the running current of the blowers is reduced by 8A, the running current of the induced fans is reduced by 43A, the running current of the primary fans is reduced by 11A, and the total current of six blowers (two blowers+two primary fans+two induced fans) is reduced by about 124A under the same working condition, so that the energy saving effect is very obvious.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in a method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a program stored in a storage medium, where the program includes several instructions for causing a single-chip microcomputer, chip or processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps in a method according to the embodiments of the invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The alternative embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of embodiments of the invention are not described in detail.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention may be made, so long as it does not deviate from the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and it should also be regarded as what is disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The differential pressure control method for the air pre-heaters of the coal-fired power plant comprises two air pre-heaters, wherein the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of each secondary air channel is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding blower through a second pipeline, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
for each air preheater:
acquiring a pressure difference value between a cold end and a hot end of the air preheater, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater and the boiler load of a coal-fired power plant in real time;
if the pressure difference value is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value;
The soot blower corresponding to the air preheater is controlled to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to preset soot blowing pressure, and the method comprises the following steps: after the soot blower is controlled to intermittently soot the cold end of the air preheater for a time T 1 at a preset soot blowing frequency, the soot blower is controlled to continuously soot the cold end of the air preheater according to a preset soot blowing pressure;
the method further comprises the steps of:
If the pressure difference value is still larger than the preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time reaches the time T, carrying out alarm operation;
The time T 1 is less than the time T.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
And when the first pipeline of the air preheater is closed and the second pipeline of the air preheater is conducted to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater, the flux of condensed water entering the condenser corresponding to the air preheater is increased to control the temperature of the flue gas entering the dust remover corresponding to the air preheater to be in a preset inlet flue gas temperature interval.
3. The method for controlling differential pressure of an air preheater of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the working current of the air preheater is obtained in real time in the process of increasing the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater, and an alarm operation is performed when the working current is greater than a preset current value.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein closing the first duct of the air preheater and opening the second duct of the air preheater to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas of the air preheater comprises:
the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the air preheater is reduced, and the air supply quantity of the air blower connected with the other air preheater is increased.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein reducing the supply air amount of a blower connected to the air preheater comprises:
the temperature rising rate of the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is controlled to be kept in a preset temperature rising interval by adjusting the air supply quantity of the air feeder connected with the air preheater.
6. The differential pressure control device of the air pre-heaters of the coal-fired power plant comprises two air pre-heaters, wherein the cold end of each air pre-heater is provided with a soot blower; each air preheater is provided with a flue gas duct, a primary air duct and a secondary air duct, and the flue gas duct is provided with a condenser, a dust remover and an induced draft fan; the primary air duct is provided with a primary air fan, the secondary air duct is provided with a blower, the secondary air ducts of the two air pre-heaters are mutually communicated through a first pipeline, and two connecting ends of the first pipeline are respectively positioned between the corresponding air pre-heaters and the blower; the air outlet of every secondary wind channel all is connected to the air intake of corresponding forced draught blower through the second pipeline, its characterized in that, differential pressure controlling means includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of each air preheater in real time, and the exhaust gas temperature of each air preheater and the boiler load of the coal-fired power plant;
The soot blowing control module is used for each air preheater: when the pressure difference value of the air preheater is larger than a preset pressure difference value and the boiler load is smaller than a preset load value, closing a first pipeline and conducting a second pipeline of the air preheater to improve the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater until the exhaust gas temperature is improved to the preset temperature, and controlling a soot blower corresponding to the air preheater to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to the preset soot blowing pressure until the pressure difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the air preheater is smaller than the preset pressure difference value;
The soot blower corresponding to the air preheater is controlled to perform soot blowing on the cold end of the air preheater according to preset soot blowing pressure, and the method comprises the following steps: after the soot blower is controlled to intermittently soot the cold end of the air preheater for a time T 1 at a preset soot blowing frequency, the soot blower is controlled to continuously soot the cold end of the air preheater according to a preset soot blowing pressure;
the differential pressure control device further includes:
the alarm module is used for generating alarm operation under the condition that the pressure difference value of each air preheater is still larger than a preset pressure difference value after the soot blowing time of each air preheater reaches time T;
The time T 1 is less than the time T.
7. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon for causing a machine to perform the coal-fired power plant air preheater differential pressure control method of any of claims 1-5.
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| CN102042605A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-04 | 章礼道 | Side-to-side thermal deashing method for rotary air preheater |
| CN105972632A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 华电电力科学研究院 | System and process for protecting air preheater of coal-fired power plant from blockage and corrosion through hot-air counterflow |
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| JPH01114613A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-05-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Operation control device for air preheater |
| JP2000130988A (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-05-12 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Temperature controller for regenerative air preheater |
| CN106224989B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-07-20 | 河北省电力建设调整试验所 | A kind of online method for removing the stifled ash of ammonium hydrogen sulfate in coal-burning power plant's air preheater |
| CN107120675A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-01 | 天津国电津能热电有限公司 | A kind of air and gas system and air preheater cold end control method |
| CN211424459U (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-09-04 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | System for preventing air preheater of coal-fired power plant from being blocked |
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| CN102042605A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-04 | 章礼道 | Side-to-side thermal deashing method for rotary air preheater |
| CN105972632A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 华电电力科学研究院 | System and process for protecting air preheater of coal-fired power plant from blockage and corrosion through hot-air counterflow |
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