CN112900546A - Bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to large-scale surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to large-scale surface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
Abstract
The invention relates to a bionic self-driven water collecting pattern capable of being applied to a large-scale surface and a preparation method thereof.A super-hydrophilic area is distributed on a super-hydrophobic surface and consists of a main channel with a bionic triangular lap joint structure, a triangular secondary channel and a reticular linear channel; the main channel is positioned in the center of the pattern, the secondary channels extend from two sides of the main channel respectively and are distributed asymmetrically, the reticular linear channels are distributed around the main channel and the secondary channels, the reticular linear channels consist of transverse parallel linear channels and oblique linear channels forming an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the main channel is formed by vertically lapping a plurality of rows of single triangular structures and horizontally expanding a plurality of rows of single triangular structures, and the bottoms of the upper row of triangular structures of the triangular lapping structures are lapped with the upper narrow ends of the lower row of triangular structures; the connection mode forms multi-row connection and multi-row expansion, and the bottom of the triangular structure in the last row is provided with a circular water storage area connected with the triangular structure. The water collecting pattern is processed by laser, and the microstructure parameters are precise and adjustable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to a large-scale surface and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water collection and super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic surfaces.
Background
At present, water is an important resource for all the daily activities of living beings on the earth. It has been reported that two thirds of the world (about 40 billion people) are in severe water shortage for at least one month each year, especially in arid and semiarid regions such as deserts, gobi, etc., where water resources are urgently needed for survival. Although the seawater desalination technology has been used in various regions to achieve some success in alleviating the water shortage problem in local regions, the construction cost of infrastructure and the complex seawater desalination process are expensive and have been in a state of slow development. It is reported that the atmosphere contains a large amount of water, which accounts for about 10% of all fresh water resources on earth. Therefore, collecting tiny water droplets and mists in the atmosphere is a potential way to help solve the problem of water shortage in arid and semi-arid regions, and even global regions.
In recent years, research has shown that people are inspired by the water collection characteristics of some biological surfaces of nature, such as desert beetles, cactus, spider silks and the like, and a plurality of strategies for designing patterned structures to collect water from the atmosphere are designed by imitating the wettability microstructures and the shape gradient structures of the biological surfaces. For example, in the document of Wang Meng et al (Laser Direct Writing of Tree-Shaped High-Efficiency resins on ultra-hydrophobic Film for High-Efficiency Water Collection), the Laser Direct Writing technology is adopted to prepare the Tree-Shaped four-level wedge-Shaped hydrophobic pattern on the super-hydrophobic TiO2 Film, so that the Water Collection Efficiency is greatly improved, the limitation is that the driving capability is poor, the sizes of all levels are mutually limited, and the flexible application and amplification are difficult to obtain. Patent CN108816702A utilizes picosecond laser to prepare a multistage super-hydrophilic vein network structure on a super-hydrophobic surface, solves the problem of weak driving capability under a certain transportation distance, has a certain liquid drop self-driving capability, but also has the limitation that transportation cannot be carried out in a large distance, because the curvature radius is inversely proportional to the Laplace pressure difference, the curvature radius of a triangular structure is enlarged, the triangular structure loses the Laplace pressure difference, condensed water cannot be transported quickly, the evaporation loss of the condensed water is increased, and the water collection amount is reduced; meanwhile, complex patterned structures are not easy to prepare. Patent documents CN205475439U, CN201910547266, CN107502875A, etc. utilize desert beetle mixed wetting mode and cactus self-driving water collection mode to prepare a series of water collection patterns, but these water collection patterns also have many of the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Therefore, there is a strong need to develop a new and compact water collecting pattern that can be flexibly designed and enlarged and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to a large-scale surface and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the bionic self-driven water collecting pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface is characterized in that: the bionic self-driven water collection pattern is a super-hydrophilic area distributed on the super-hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic area consists of a main channel of a bionic triangular lap joint structure, a triangular secondary channel and a reticular linear channel; the main channel is positioned in the center of the pattern, the secondary channels extend from two sides of the main channel respectively and are distributed asymmetrically, the reticular linear channels are distributed around the main channel and the secondary channels, the reticular linear channels consist of transverse parallel linear channels and oblique linear channels which form an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the main channel is formed by vertically lapping a plurality of rows of single triangular structures and horizontally expanding a plurality of rows of single triangular structures, and the bottoms of the upper row of triangular structures of the triangular lapping structure are lapped with the upper narrow ends of the lower row of triangular structures; the connection mode forms multi-row connection and multi-row expansion, and the bottom of the triangular structure in the last row is provided with a circular water storage area connected with the triangular structure.
Further, the bionic self-driving water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface is characterized in that the main channel is of an upper and lower asymmetric triangular structure, the taper is 3-15 degrees, the length is 5-30 mm, the length of the lap joint area of the upper and lower adjacent triangles is half of the length of the single triangle, and the size of the secondary channel is smaller than that of the main channel.
Further, the bionic self-driving water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface is characterized in that the reticular linear channels are formed by interweaving transverse parallel linear channels and oblique linear channels which form an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the oblique linear channels are symmetrically distributed along the main channel, the angle between the oblique linear channels on the right side and the transverse parallel linear channels is 15-65 degrees, and the distance between the reticular linear channels is 0.3-3 mm.
Further, the bionic self-driven water collecting pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface is characterized in that the width of the transverse parallel linear channels and the width of the oblique linear channels are 50 micrometers.
The preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface comprises the following steps:
1) controlling pulse laser by a computer to ablate periodically distributed micrometer cone and micrometer pit structures on the surface of the material by a cross scanning mode, wherein the micrometer cone and the micrometer pit are alternately and densely distributed, and a nano particle structure is distributed on the peak-pit micrometer structure to form a double-scale micro-nano structure surface;
2) performing low surface energy substance modification on the surface treated by the pulse laser to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface, wherein the contact angle is larger than 150 degrees;
3) drawing a water collecting pattern overlapped in multiple rows and columns by using computer CAD drawing software;
4) and scanning the lapping structure water collection pattern again on the super-hydrophobic surface by using pulse laser, removing the low surface energy substance modification layer on the surface of the material, converting the super-hydrophobic characteristic of the area where the pattern is treated by the laser into the super-hydrophilic characteristic, and still expressing the untreated area as the super-hydrophobic characteristic to obtain the self-driven water collection pattern with the super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic mixed structure, wherein the micro-peak-micro-pit structure is converted into a parallel micro-groove, and the nano particles are converted into a nano fluff structure.
Furthermore, in the preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface, in the step 1) and the step 4), the pulse laser is nanosecond laser, picosecond laser or femtosecond laser.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface comprises the step 1), wherein the pulse laser is femtosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1030nm, the pulse width is 450fs, the pulse frequency is 1MHz, the scanning speed is 80-150 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.03-0.05 mm.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface comprises the step 4), wherein the pulse laser is infrared nanosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 20ns, the pulse frequency is 20KHz, the scanning speed is 150-500 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.05-0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface is characterized in that in the step 4), a liquid phase modification method is adopted for modifying the low-surface-energy substance, firstly, a stearic acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.01-0.05 mol/L of absolute ethyl alcohol is prepared, the surface of the material subjected to laser treatment is placed in the solution to be soaked for 0.5-1 hour at normal temperature, and then, the material is obliquely and naturally dried in a dry natural environment.
Furthermore, in the preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface, in the step 4), pulse laser is adopted to scan the lapping structure water collection pattern again, firstly, the pulse laser scans the outlines of the triangular lapping structure main channel, the circular water storage area at the bottom and the secondary channels at two sides of the main channel on the super-hydrophobic surface, then, the filling lines in the outlines are scanned according to the set scanning interval and the filling direction of the lines in the outlines, the preparation of the micro-grooves in the outlines is completed, the liquid drops show the super-hydrophilic characteristic on the inner surface of the outlines, and the super-hydrophilic surface adopts a one-way scanning structure which is beneficial to flow guiding micro-grooves; finally, singly scanning one by one according to the distribution of the reticular linear channels, and finally finishing the preparation of the super-hydrophilic water collecting area on the surface; and (3) completing profile scanning of the multi-row water collection pattern according to the steps, then performing scanning of filling lines in the profile, and finally completing scanning of the surrounding net-shaped lines.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and is embodied in the following aspects:
the invention couples the self-driving water collection characteristic of the cactus surface needling structure and the mixed mode water collection strategy of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic back of the desert beetle, adopts a triangular structure similar to the cactus needling structure, designs a triangular lapping structure according to the principle that Laplacian pressure difference is generated at two sides along the main shaft symmetrical direction due to the difference of curvatures to drive surface liquid drops to move, and can realize the self-driving directional high-efficiency water collection of any large-scale surface; the laser processing method adopted for preparing the water-collecting pattern has the advantages of simple process, high and controllable processing efficiency, precise and adjustable microstructure parameters, capability of preparing a super-hydrophilic-super-hydrophobic complex mixed pattern on any surface and the like; the scheme of catchmenting not only can be applied to catchmenting and equip, make catchmenting and equip real maximization, improve catchment efficiency, catchment area greatly, and preparation low cost, can also use a plurality of fields such as droplet is controlled, the microorganism chip, medicine experiment, distillation, heat transfer, especially when needing accurate control drop volume and direction of motion, can exert unexpected effect especially, the different overlap joint of accessible triangle-shaped structure makes up into different transfer passage, carry out the directional control of drop.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the design of a two-stage lapping structure water-collecting pattern according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overlapping structure of adjacent triangles in a main passage of a multi-segment overlapping structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a microscopic morphology photograph of a periodically distributed micro-peak-micro-pit structure of an ultra-hydrophobic region under a scanning electron microscope;
FIG. 3b is a scanning electron microscope photograph of nanoparticles on the surface of the micro-peak of the periodically distributed micro-peak-micro-pit structure of the superhydrophobic region under a scanning electron microscope;
FIG. 3c is a microscopic morphology photograph of a periodically distributed micro-peak-micro-groove structure of a super-hydrophilic region under a scanning electron microscope;
FIG. 3d is a scanning electron microscope photograph of nano-fluff on the surface of the micro-peak of the periodically distributed micro-peak-micro-pit structure in the super-hydrophilic region under a scanning electron microscope;
FIG. 4a is a photograph of contact angles of a superhydrophobic surface region;
FIG. 4b is a photograph of the contact angle of the superhydrophilic surface region;
FIG. 5a is an expanded view of a 20X 25mm double segment lapped catchment pattern;
FIG. 5b is an expanded view of the water-collecting pattern of the 20X 35mm three-segment overlapped area;
fig. 6 is a photograph of the three-stage lapped water collection pattern when collecting water.
The meaning of the respective reference numerals in the figures:
1-triangle lapping structure main channel, 2-triangle secondary channel, 3-oblique linear channel, 4-transverse parallel linear channel, and 5-circular water storage area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the directional terms and the sequence terms, etc. are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the bionic self-driven water collection pattern can be applied to a large-scale surface, the bionic self-driven water collection pattern is a super-hydrophilic area distributed on a super-hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic area consists of a main channel 1 with a bionic triangular lap joint structure, a triangular secondary channel 2 and a reticular linear channel; the triangular lapping structure main channel 1 is positioned in the center of the pattern, the triangular sub channels 2 extend from two sides of the main channel respectively and are distributed asymmetrically, the reticular linear channels are distributed around the triangular lapping structure main channel 1 and the triangular sub channels 2, the reticular linear channels are composed of transverse parallel linear channels 4 and oblique linear channels 3 which form an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the main channel is formed by vertically lapping and horizontally expanding a plurality of rows of single triangular structures, and the bottom of the upper row of triangular structures of the triangular lapping structure is lapped with the upper narrow end of the lower row of triangular structures; the connection mode forms a plurality of rows of connection and a plurality of rows of expansion, the larger the number of rows and columns is, the larger the surface size is, and the circular water storage area 5 connected with the triangular structure is arranged at the bottom of the triangular structure in the last row.
The triangular lapping structure comprises a main channel and a water storage area, the triangular area is the main channel for directionally transporting the collected water, and the bottom circular water storage area is used for collecting the water conveyed by the main channel; both the secondary channels and the mesh channels serve to transport moisture around the primary channels to the primary channels.
The reticular linear channels are formed by interweaving a transverse parallel linear channel 4 and an oblique linear channel 3 which forms an angle with the transverse parallel linear channel, the oblique linear channels 3 are symmetrically distributed along the main channel, the angle between the oblique linear channel on the right side and the transverse parallel linear channel is 15-65 degrees, the interval between the reticular linear channels is 0.3-3 mm, and the width of the linear channel is 50 μm which is the width of single laser etching.
As shown in fig. 2, the main channel 1 of the triangular lapping structure is of an upper and lower asymmetric triangular structure, the taper is 3-15 degrees, the length is 5-30 mm, and the smaller the taper, the longer the length can be designed; on the contrary, the larger the taper, the shorter the length should be designed, the length h of the overlapping area of the upper and lower adjacent triangles is half of the length of the single triangle, and the size of the triangle secondary channel 2 is smaller than that of the triangle overlapping structure main channel 1.
As shown in fig. 5a, the 20 × 25mm double-section lapping water collection pattern is expanded, as shown in fig. 5b, the 20 × 35mm three-section lapping area water collection pattern is expanded, the total row number and the column number of the triangular lapping structure can be freely and flexibly designed according to the material area and the size of the triangular structure, the row number and the column number are not limited in principle, and the large-scale surface transportation water collection is really achieved.
The main channel formed by the multiple sections of lapped triangular structures and the triangular secondary channels on the two sides are assisted by the water collection pattern formed by the network linear channel system distributed on the periphery, liquid drops can pass through the main channel formed by the multiple sections of lapped triangular structures and be transported in multiple sections, the liquid drops can obtain Laplace differential pressure driving force in each section of triangular channel, the problem of long-distance loss of the Laplace differential pressure driving force is avoided, the liquid drops can be flexibly designed and amplified automatically according to the geometric dimension and the material surface dimension of the triangular structures, water collection on a large-scale surface is realized in a real sense, and enough water is collected for people; meanwhile, the pattern has strong directional transportation performance, so that the method can be expanded to the fields of microdroplet control, microbial chips, medical experiments, distillation, heat exchange and the like.
The preparation method of the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface, as shown in fig. 3 a-3 d and fig. 4 a-4 b, comprises the following steps:
1) controlling pulse laser by a computer to ablate periodically distributed micrometer cone and micrometer pit structures on the surface of the material by a cross scanning mode, wherein the micrometer cone and the micrometer pit are alternately and densely distributed, and a nano particle structure is distributed on the peak-pit micrometer structure to form a double-scale micro-nano structure surface;
2) performing low surface energy substance modification on the surface treated by the pulse laser to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface, wherein the contact angle is larger than 150 degrees;
3) drawing a water collecting pattern overlapped in multiple rows and columns by using computer CAD drawing software;
4) the overlapped structure water collection pattern is scanned again on the super-hydrophobic surface by using pulse laser, the low surface energy substance modification layer on the surface of the material is removed, the super-hydrophobic characteristic of the area where the laser processed pattern is located is converted into the super-hydrophilic characteristic, the contact angle is close to 0 degrees, the unprocessed area still shows the super-hydrophobic characteristic, the self-driven water collection pattern with the super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic mixed structure is obtained, the micro-peak-micro-pit structure is converted into the parallel micro-groove, and the nano particles are converted into the nano fluff structure.
In the step 1) and the step 4), the pulse laser is nanosecond laser, picosecond laser or femtosecond laser. Specifically, in the step 1), the pulse laser is femtosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1030nm, the pulse width is 450fs, the pulse frequency is 1MHz, the scanning speed is 80-150 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.03-0.05 mm. And 4), the pulse laser is infrared nanosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 20ns, the pulse frequency is 20KHz, the scanning speed is 150-500 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.05-0.1 mm.
Step 4), scanning the lapping structure water collection pattern again by adopting pulse laser, firstly scanning the outlines of the triangular lapping structure main channel, the circular water storage area at the bottom and the secondary channels at two sides of the main channel on the super-hydrophobic surface by adopting the pulse laser, then scanning the filling lines in the outlines in the set scanning interval and the filling direction of the lines in the outlines to finish the preparation of the microgrooves in the outlines, wherein liquid drops show the super-hydrophilic characteristic on the inner surface of the outlines, the scanning mode is different from the cross scanning mode of the super-hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic surface adopts a one-way scanning mode to form a microgroove structure beneficial to flow guiding; finally, singly scanning one by one according to the distribution of the reticular linear channels, and finally finishing the preparation of the super-hydrophilic water collecting area on the surface; and (3) completing profile scanning of the multi-row water collection pattern according to the steps, then performing scanning of filling lines in the profile, and finally completing scanning of the surrounding net-shaped lines.
Preparing a super-hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophilic triangular lapped structure surface by respectively adopting infrared femtosecond laser and infrared nanosecond laser, wherein on the other hand, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the nanosecond laser is used for the second time for processing to remove stearic acid which is a low-surface-energy substance by utilizing the high heat property of the nanosecond laser, so that the super-hydrophobic property is converted into the super-hydrophilic property, the non-ablated area of the nanosecond laser still keeps the super-hydrophobic property, and the super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic mixed area is arranged on the surface; as shown in fig. 3a and 3c, on the other hand, the super-hydrophobic surface adopts a cross scanning mode to process a micro-peak-micro-pit periodic structure, while the super-hydrophilic surface adopts a one-way scanning mode to process a micro-groove structure beneficial to flow guiding, the structure has the function of self-driven high-concentration degree directional high-efficiency water collection, as shown in fig. 6, when the three-section lap joint water collection pattern collects water, almost all the liquid drops are transported to a water storage area to form large liquid drops with a certain height; after measurement and calculation, the average water collection rate of the three-segment lapped water collection pattern can reach 249.6mg-1﹒cm-2And the water collecting efficiency and the directional self-transportation performance are high.
By adopting a pulse laser direct writing technology, the laser preparation method has the advantages of simple processing technology, easy patterning, controllable processing, high precision and the like, is always favored, and can finish the preparation of the surface micro-nano structure in one step; other methods of processing superhydrophobic materials, such as: the photoetching and plasma etching methods have extremely low efficiency, expensive equipment and high processing cost, and are difficult to realize large-scale production; the methods of chemical corrosion, electric liquid beam treatment, ultraviolet irradiation and the like have low processing precision and complicated process. The invention can realize the preparation of the water-collecting pattern only by adopting the pulse laser, has higher precision while reducing the cost, and is very suitable for the industrial production of large-area super-hydrophobic and super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic mixed wet surfaces.
And 4) modifying the low-surface-energy substance by adopting a liquid phase modification method, firstly preparing a stearic acid solution of absolute ethyl alcohol with the mass concentration of 0.01-0.05 mol/L, soaking the surface of the material subjected to laser treatment in the solution for 0.5-1 hour at normal temperature, and then obliquely and naturally airing the material for about 10 minutes in a dry natural environment.
In the steps 1) and 4), the material is a metal or laser-processable composite material, specifically, 6061 aluminum alloy can be adopted, the surface of the material is ultrasonically cleaned in absolute ethyl alcohol for 10 minutes before and after laser treatment, and surface stains and residues left after processing are removed.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the multi-section lapped super-hydrophilic triangular structure main channel, the multi-section lapped triangular structure main channel can be expanded left and right, the surface can be completely covered by the reticular linear channels at the periphery, the moisture on the surface can be collected to the maximum extent by means of super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic wettability gradient, and almost all liquid drops on the surface can be captured by the densely distributed reticular linear channels and transported into the main channel and finally transported to the water storage area;
when liquid drops exist in the main channel, the curvatures of the surfaces of the liquid drops are asymmetrically distributed along the main shaft direction of the channel, the curvature at the wider end of the triangle is smaller, and the curvature at the narrower end of the triangle is larger;
the idea of collecting water by adopting a multi-section lapped triangular structure channel is adopted to collect water, the triangular main channels are lapped in multiple sections, the narrow end of the main channel in the next row is lapped to the triangular channel in the previous row in half length, the main channel is connected in this way and expanded left and right, flexible design and amplification can be carried out according to the area of materials, and a water storage area with tolerance is arranged at the bottom of the triangle in the last row, so that the collected water can be completely and spontaneously transported to a designated position step by step along the multi-section channels under the synergistic action of the multi-section channels, the self-driven water collection with large area and high concentration is realized, and the gravity water collection is overcome;
according to the invention, because the water collected on the surface is transported to the designated position at the bottom of the triangular channel and then is transported continuously through the next same triangular channel, the liquid drop in each section of triangular channel can obtain the driving force, so that the driving force cannot be lost due to long-distance transportation, the problems of reduced water collection efficiency and interrupted water collection process caused by the blockage and deposition of the collected water on the surface are avoided, and the surface can be ensured to collect water continuously;
the triangular secondary channels distributed on two sides of the multi-section lapped main channel and the reticular linear channels distributed on the periphery further enhance the capture of liquid drops around the main channel, so that the liquid drops in the pattern coverage area are all collected, and the water collection efficiency is greatly improved;
the laser scanning mode in the profile of the super-hydrophilic area is different from the cross scanning of the super-hydrophobic surface, and a micro-groove structure which is distributed in parallel is scanned in a single time, so that the flow guide of surface liquid drops is facilitated;
the pulse laser ablation process is simple and reliable, good in controllability, high in precision and low in cost, and is very suitable for industrial production process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. But bionical self-propelled water collection pattern that large-scale surface was used, its characterized in that: the bionic self-driven water collecting pattern is a super-hydrophilic area distributed on the super-hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic area consists of a main channel of a bionic triangular lap joint structure, a triangular secondary channel and a reticular linear channel; the main channel is located in the center of the pattern, the secondary channels extend from two sides of the main channel respectively and are distributed asymmetrically, the reticular linear channels are distributed around the main channel and the secondary channels, the reticular linear channels are composed of transverse parallel linear channels and oblique linear channels forming an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the main channel is formed by vertically lapping and horizontally expanding a plurality of rows of single triangular structures, the bottom of the upper row of triangular structures of the triangular lapping structures is lapped with the narrow end of the upper part of the lower row of triangular structures to form a plurality of rows of connection and a plurality of rows of expansion, and the bottom of the last row of triangular structures is provided with a circular water storage area connected with the triangular structures.
2. The biomimetic self-driven water collection pattern applicable to large-scale surfaces according to claim 1, wherein: the main channel is of an upper and lower asymmetric triangular structure, the taper is 3-15 degrees, the length is 5-30 mm, the length of an overlapping area of an upper triangle and a lower triangle is half of the length of a single triangle, and the size of the secondary channel is smaller than that of the main channel.
3. The biomimetic self-driven water collection pattern applicable to large-scale surfaces according to claim 1, wherein: the reticular linear channels are formed by interweaving transverse parallel linear channels and oblique linear channels which form an angle with the transverse parallel linear channels, the oblique linear channels are symmetrically distributed along the main channel, the angle between the oblique linear channel on the right side and the transverse parallel linear channels is 15-65 degrees, and the interval between the reticular linear channels is 0.3-3 mm.
4. The biomimetic self-driven water collection pattern applicable to large-scale surfaces according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the transverse parallel linear channels and the oblique linear channels was 50 μm.
5. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) controlling pulse laser by a computer to ablate periodically distributed micrometer cone and micrometer pit structures on the surface of the material by a cross scanning mode, wherein the micrometer cone and the micrometer pit are alternately and densely distributed, and a nano particle structure is distributed on the peak-pit micrometer structure to form a double-scale micro-nano structure surface;
2) performing low surface energy substance modification on the surface treated by the pulse laser to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface, wherein the contact angle is larger than 150 degrees;
3) drawing a water collecting pattern overlapped in multiple rows and columns by using computer CAD drawing software;
4) and scanning the lapping structure water collection pattern again on the super-hydrophobic surface by using pulse laser, removing the low surface energy substance modification layer on the surface of the material, converting the super-hydrophobic characteristic of the area where the pattern is treated by the laser into the super-hydrophilic characteristic, and still expressing the untreated area as the super-hydrophobic characteristic to obtain the self-driven water collection pattern with the super-hydrophobic-super-hydrophilic mixed structure, wherein the micro-peak-micro-pit structure is converted into a parallel micro-groove, and the nano particles are converted into a nano fluff structure.
6. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1) and the step 4), the pulse laser is nanosecond laser, picosecond laser or femtosecond laser.
7. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1), the pulse laser is femtosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1030nm, the pulse width is 450fs, the pulse frequency is 1MHz, the scanning speed is 80-150 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.03-0.05 mm.
8. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 4), the pulse laser is infrared nanosecond laser, the laser power is 10W, the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 20ns, the pulse frequency is 20KHz, the scanning speed is 150-500 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.05-0.1 mm.
9. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 4) modifying the low-surface-energy substance by adopting a liquid phase modification method, firstly preparing a stearic acid solution of absolute ethyl alcohol with the mass concentration of 0.01-0.05 mol/L, soaking the surface of the material subjected to laser treatment in the solution for 0.5-1 hour at normal temperature, and then obliquely and naturally airing in a dry natural environment.
10. The method for preparing the bionic self-driven water collection pattern capable of being applied to the large-scale surface according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 4), scanning the lapping structure water collection pattern again by adopting pulse laser, firstly scanning the outlines of the triangular lapping structure main channel, the circular water storage area at the bottom and the secondary channels at two sides of the main channel on the super-hydrophobic surface by adopting the pulse laser, then scanning filling lines in the outlines in the set scanning interval and the filling direction of the lines in the outlines to finish the preparation of micro-grooves in the outlines, wherein liquid drops show super-hydrophilic characteristics on the inner surface of the outlines, and the super-hydrophilic surface adopts a one-way scanning structure which is beneficial to flow guiding micro-grooves; finally, singly scanning one by one according to the distribution of the reticular linear channels, and finally finishing the preparation of the super-hydrophilic water collecting area on the surface; and (3) completing profile scanning of the multi-row water collection pattern according to the steps, then performing scanning of filling lines in the profile, and finally completing scanning of the surrounding net-shaped lines.
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