CN112900359B - Water-storable hollow check dam based on watershed ecological threshold value and use method thereof - Google Patents
Water-storable hollow check dam based on watershed ecological threshold value and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112900359B CN112900359B CN202110445692.0A CN202110445692A CN112900359B CN 112900359 B CN112900359 B CN 112900359B CN 202110445692 A CN202110445692 A CN 202110445692A CN 112900359 B CN112900359 B CN 112900359B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-storable hollow siltation dam based on a watershed ecological threshold value and a using method thereof, the water-storable hollow siltation dam comprises a dam body, the cross section of the dam body is of a trapezoidal structure, a water storage cavity is formed in the dam body, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in one side, facing the water surface, of the dam body from top to bottom, the inner walls of the water inlet holes are fixedly connected with water inlet valves, the water inlet holes are communicated with the water storage cavity, a water discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the other side, facing the water surface, of the dam body, a water discharging valve is fixedly connected in the water discharging hole, and a vertically-arranged silt content detection device is fixedly connected to one side, close to the water inlet holes, of the dam body; the water is blocked by the arranged hollow dam, and the water storage cavity is used for storing water, so that the unavailable or difficult-to-utilize flood can be effectively utilized; the use method ensures that flood with higher sediment content can not enter the water storage cavity along the water inlet hole, and clear water with lower sediment content at the upper layer can flow into the water storage cavity along the water inlet hole, so that the water stored in the water storage cavity is clear water, and the use of follow-up people can be facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a water-storable hollow silt dam based on a watershed ecological threshold value and a using method thereof.
Background
In northern arid mountainous areas, annual precipitation is mostly about 400mm or less, wherein more than 60% of precipitation is concentrated in crops or economic forest and grass in a rainstorm form for seven, eight and nine months with maximum water demand for growth and development, and more than 60% of rainstorm forms flood due to high intensity and short time, and the flood carries mud, wraps up sand and leaks. The slope crops and the forest and grass cannot be irrigated in time, so that the yield is reduced and even the crops wither; the upper stream of the spilled flood washes out farmlands, roads and villages, while the lower stream deposits in river channels and lifts river beds, which causes great loss. In order to prevent and control water and soil loss and increase cultivated land, governments in various places build a large number of siltation dams in trenches, and although the purposes of soil conservation, land increase and water and soil loss prevention are achieved primarily, development of water conservation and water utilization functions is blank, and only soil conservation and no water conservation are achieved. For the masses in arid mountainous areas with more land and less water, one more land and one less land are not enough, and a plurality of water sources can generate direct benefits.
The main mode for preventing and controlling water and soil loss and flood resource utilization in arid mountainous areas is channel treatment engineering, and is mainly a silt dam at present. Because the silt dam is higher in position, simple in structure and low in flood design standard, the water storage function is generally not considered, so that the water required for the growth and development of crops or forest fruits cannot be kept up after the flood season, the economic benefit of the silt dam is directly influenced, the enthusiasm of the masses for building and maintaining the silt dam is contused, and the agricultural development in the arid mountain area is very difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the water-storable hollow check dam based on the watershed ecological threshold value and the using method thereof, and solves the problems that the traditional check dam is simple in structure, low in flood design standard, and generally does not consider the water storage function, only preserves soil, and does not preserve water.
But hollow silt dam of water storage formula based on ecological threshold value of basin, including the dam body, the cross-section of dam body is the trapezium structure, and the water storage chamber has been seted up to the inside of dam body, and the upstream face one side from the top down of dam body is equipped with a plurality of inlet opening, and inlet opening inner wall fixedly connected with water intaking valve, inlet opening and water storage chamber are linked together, and the wash port has been seted up to the opposite side bottom of dam body surface of a poor water, and the inside fixedly connected with drain valve of wash port, one side fixedly connected with vertical setting's silt content detection device of dam body near the inlet opening.
The detection device is characterized in that the detection device comprises a vertical rod, the vertical rod is vertically arranged, a plurality of silt sensors are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical rod, and a controller (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod.
And the top of the dam body is provided with an inspection well, the lower end of the inspection well is communicated with the inside of the water storage cavity, and the other end of the inspection well penetrates through the inner wall of the dam body and is communicated with the outside of the dam body.
The inlet opening from top to bottom sets up the multilayer, and interval arrangement between each layer, each layer has one or more inlet opening, and the inlet opening on every layer is in same water flat line, and the inlet opening is for the inside downward sloping setting of outer wall to the water storage chamber by the dam body.
The outer wall of one side of the dam body, which is close to the water inlet holes, is built with a plurality of steps, each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step, and the steps are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body.
A water inlet valve is arranged in each water inlet hole, the water inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve, and if only one water inlet hole is arranged on the same horizontal line, the electromagnetic valve in each water inlet hole is controlled independently; if a plurality of water inlet holes are arranged on the same horizontal line, all water inlet valves in the water inlet holes on the same horizontal line are controlled by one signal, and the water inlet valves on different horizontal lines are controlled by different signals.
Each silt sensor corresponds to each layer of inlet opening from top to bottom one by one, namely comprises a silt sensor and an inlet opening on the same horizontal line.
The use method of the water-storable hollow check dam based on the watershed ecological threshold comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the real-time sediment content of different water level depths in the flood by a plurality of sediment sensors;
s2, sequentially numbering a plurality of silt sensors from top to bottom as N1, N2 and N3... Nx, and simultaneously corresponding water inlets at different water level depths to the silt sensors one by one;
s3, if the silt sensor with the number of Nn detects that the silt content in the flood reaches a preset value, opening water inlets corresponding to all silt sensors between N1 and Nn, and completely closing all the water inlets corresponding to the silt sensors between Nn and Nx, wherein Nn is any one of N1-Nx;
and S4, closing all the water inlet holes after water storage is finished, and opening the water outlet holes when water is used.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hollow check dam body can block flood, and meanwhile, the water storage cavity in the hollow check dam can store clear water, so that the unavailable or difficult-to-utilize flood can be effectively utilized. The construction of the hollow check dam, especially the construction of a reservoir beside a hillside land, can effectively solve the problem of insufficient water consumption of the hillside land and the forest and fruit land to a certain extent and create favorable conditions for ecological civilized construction.
2. The single water inlet hole is controlled by the water inlet valve, if a plurality of water inlet holes are arranged on the same horizontal line, the water inlet valves in the water inlet holes are only influenced by the sediment sensor under the same horizontal plane and are controlled by a signal, so that the effect of preventing sediment from entering is achieved.
3. When the silt sensor that detects through setting up detects the content of silt and surpasss predetermined value, can signal to the controller, the controller will control the water intaking valve closure under the same horizontal plane, makes the higher flood of silt content can not get into the inside in water storage chamber along the inlet opening, and the lower clear water of upper silt content then can flow into the inside in water storage chamber along the inlet opening for the water that the water storage intracavity portion stored is the clear water, can make things convenient for follow-up people's use.
4. The inspection well is used for inspecting the water quality and the water quantity and inspecting the interior of the dam body when no water exists in the dam body, and the use is very convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention in use;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at a in fig. 2 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the water-storable hollow siltation dam based on the watershed ecological threshold value comprises a dam body 1, wherein the cross section of the dam body 1 is of a trapezoidal structure, a water storage cavity 3 is formed in the dam body 1, a plurality of water inlet holes 4 are formed in the upward opening and downward opening of one side of the upstream surface of the dam body 1, water inlet valves 7 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the water inlet holes 4, the water inlet holes 4 are communicated with the water storage cavity 3, drain holes 6 are formed in the bottom of the other side of the back surface of the dam body 1, drain valves 8 are fixedly connected to the inner parts of the drain holes 6, and a vertically-arranged silt content detection device 2 is fixedly connected to one side, close to the water inlet holes 4, of the dam body 1.
In the embodiment, the water is blocked by the hollow dam and the water storage cavity 3 is used for storing water, so that the unavailable or difficult-to-utilize flood can be effectively utilized. The hollow dam is built, especially if a reservoir is built beside a hillside land, the problem of insufficient water consumption of the hillside land and the forest and fruit land can be effectively solved to a certain extent, and favorable conditions are created for ecological civilization construction.
Specifically, silt content detection device 2 includes montant 9, and montant 9 is vertical setting, and a plurality of silt sensor 10, montant 9's top fixedly connected with controller 11 are fixed on the outer wall from the top down interval fixedly connected with of montant 9.
In this embodiment, the silt content of the different water level depths in flood is measured to a plurality of silt sensors 10 among silt content detection device 2, and the vertical distribution of silt content in the real-time detection flood, simultaneously, every silt sensor also is used for demarcating different water levels.
Specifically, the top of the dam body 1 is provided with an access well 5, the lower end of the access well 5 is communicated with the inside of the water storage cavity 3, and the other end of the access well 5 penetrates through the inner wall of the dam body 1 and is communicated with the outside of the dam body 1.
In the embodiment, the arranged maintenance well 5 is used for checking the water quality and the water quantity and maintaining the interior of the dam body 1 when no water exists in the dam body 1, so that the use is very convenient.
The water inlet holes 4 are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, the layers are arranged at intervals, each layer is provided with one or more water inlet holes, and the water inlet holes of each layer are positioned on the same horizontal line.
The inlet opening 4 is the inside downward sloping setting of the outer wall to the water storage chamber 3 by the dam body 1, and the inlet opening 4 of slope makes things convenient for water to get into the inside in water storage chamber 3 along inlet opening 4.
A plurality of steps 12 are built on the outer wall of one side, close to the water inlet holes 4, of the dam body 1, each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step 12, and the steps 12 are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body 1. The arrangement of the step 12 facilitates the maintenance personnel to move up and down and left and right along the step to reach the position near any water inlet hole, and meanwhile, the maintenance is convenient.
In the embodiment, each water inlet 4 is internally provided with a water inlet valve 7, the water inlet valves 7 are electromagnetic valves, and if only one water inlet is arranged on the same horizontal line, the electromagnetic valves in each water inlet are controlled independently; if a plurality of water inlet holes 4 are arranged on the same horizontal line, all the water inlet valves 7 in the water inlet holes 4 on the same horizontal line are controlled by one signal, and the water inlet valves 7 on different horizontal lines are controlled by different signals, so that all the water inlet holes on the same horizontal line are ensured to be opened or closed simultaneously, and the water inlet holes on different horizontal lines can be controlled independently.
Each silt sensor 10 corresponds to each layer of water inlet from top to bottom one by one, namely, each silt sensor and each water inlet are arranged on the same horizontal line.
The water inlet valve is controlled to be opened or closed by a water storage controller, and the water storage controller is wirelessly connected with the controller 11. The controller 11 sends the detection result signals of all the sediment sensors 10 to the water storage controller in real time, and the water storage controller judges the opening or closing of the water inlet valves at different heights according to the detection results.
The application also provides a use method of the water-storable hollow check dam based on the watershed ecological threshold value;
s1, measuring the real-time sediment content of different water level depths in the flood by a plurality of sediment sensors 10;
s2, sequentially numbering a plurality of silt sensors 10 from top to bottom as N1, N2 and N3... Nx, and simultaneously corresponding water inlets at different water level depths to the silt sensors one by one;
s3, if the silt sensor with the number of Nn detects that the silt content in the flood reaches a preset value, opening water inlets corresponding to all silt sensors between N1 and Nn, and completely closing all the water inlets corresponding to the silt sensors between Nn and Nx, wherein Nn is any one of N1-Nx;
because silt content from the bottom up reduces in proper order in the flood, consequently detect when the nth silt sensor that silt content reaches the default in this layer of flood, just also mean that the water layer silt content on this silt sensor is all up to standard, consequently open the inlet opening on this layer for clear water flows into the water storage intracavity of hollow check dam, thereby guarantees that what the water storage intracavity was stored all is the clear water that meets the requirements.
And S4, closing all the water inlet holes after water storage is finished, and opening the water outlet holes when water is used.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A use method of a water-storable hollow check dam based on a watershed ecological threshold value is characterized in that: the dam comprises a dam body (1), wherein the cross section of the dam body (1) is of a trapezoidal structure, a water storage cavity (3) is formed in the dam body (1), a plurality of water inlet holes (4) are formed in one side, facing the water, of the dam body (1) from top to bottom, the inner walls of the water inlet holes (4) are fixedly connected with water inlet valves (7), the water inlet holes (4) are communicated with the water storage cavity (3), drain holes (6) are formed in the bottom of the other side, facing the back of the dam body (1), drain valves (8) are fixedly connected in the drain holes (6), and one side, close to the water inlet holes (4), of the dam body (1) is fixedly connected with a vertically-arranged silt content detection device (2);
the silt content detection device (2) comprises a vertical rod (9), the vertical rod (9) is vertically arranged, the outer wall of the vertical rod (9) is fixedly connected with a plurality of silt sensors (10), and the top of the vertical rod (9) is fixedly connected with a controller (11);
the using method comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the real-time sediment content of different water level depths in the flood by a plurality of sediment sensors (10);
s2, sequentially numbering a plurality of silt sensors (10) from top to bottom as N1, N2 and N3... Nx, and simultaneously corresponding water inlets at different water level depths to the silt sensors one by one;
s3, if the silt sensor with the number of Nn detects that the silt content in the flood reaches a preset value, opening water inlets corresponding to all silt sensors between N1 and Nn, and completely closing all the water inlets corresponding to the silt sensors between Nn and Nx, wherein Nn is any one of N1-Nx;
and S4, closing all the water inlet holes after water storage is finished, and opening the water outlet holes when water is used.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: an access well (5) is arranged at the top of the dam body (1), the lower end of the access well (5) is communicated with the inside of the water storage cavity (3), and the other end of the access well (5) penetrates through the inner wall of the dam body (1) and is communicated with the outside of the dam body (1).
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet holes (4) are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, the layers are arranged at intervals, each layer is provided with one or more water inlet holes, the water inlet holes of each layer are located on the same horizontal line, and the water inlet holes (4) are formed by the outer wall of the dam body (1) to the inner part of the water storage cavity (3) in a downward inclined mode.
4. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of steps (12) are built on the outer wall of one side, close to the water inlet holes (4), of the dam body (1), each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step (12), and the steps (12) are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body (1).
5. Use according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: a water inlet valve (7) is arranged in each water inlet hole (4), the water inlet valve (7) is an electromagnetic valve, and if only one water inlet hole is arranged on the same horizontal line, the electromagnetic valve in each water inlet hole is controlled independently; if a plurality of water inlet holes (4) are arranged on the same horizontal line, all water inlet valves (7) in the water inlet holes (4) on the same horizontal line are controlled by one signal, and the water inlet valves (7) on different horizontal lines are controlled by different signals.
6. Use according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: each silt sensor (10) is in one-to-one correspondence with each layer of water inlet from top to bottom, namely the silt sensor and the water inlet are arranged on the same horizontal line.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110445692.0A CN112900359B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Water-storable hollow check dam based on watershed ecological threshold value and use method thereof |
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| CN202110445692.0A CN112900359B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Water-storable hollow check dam based on watershed ecological threshold value and use method thereof |
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| CN112900359B true CN112900359B (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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| JP2003328339A (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-19 | Kajima Corp | Method of conveying accumulated sediment of dam or the like |
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| CN107178072A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-19 | 郑州宇恒环保技术有限公司 | Dam body upstream bottom arranges silt system automatically |
| CN110990932A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Check dam and design method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-04-25 CN CN202110445692.0A patent/CN112900359B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003328339A (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-19 | Kajima Corp | Method of conveying accumulated sediment of dam or the like |
| CN106351169A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Method for using flood in dry land |
| CN106988278A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-07-28 | 成都绿能创客工业设计有限公司 | A kind of high intensity erosion control dam |
| CN107178072A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-19 | 郑州宇恒环保技术有限公司 | Dam body upstream bottom arranges silt system automatically |
| CN110990932A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Check dam and design method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 利用蓄水设施开发淤地坝水资源初探;韩玉峰;《水利经济》;20041130;第22卷(第6期);第32-34页 * |
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