CN112899545A - Nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy - Google Patents

Nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy Download PDF

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CN112899545A
CN112899545A CN202110062004.2A CN202110062004A CN112899545A CN 112899545 A CN112899545 A CN 112899545A CN 202110062004 A CN202110062004 A CN 202110062004A CN 112899545 A CN112899545 A CN 112899545A
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张龙
纪宇
张海峰
朱正旺
张宏伟
付华萌
李宏
王爱民
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy, in particular to nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy. The alloy composition range is changed according to the following principle: fexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), x is 2, 4 or 6. The performance indexes are as follows: the compressive yield strength is 1008MPa to 1260MPa, and the compressive strength is 1791MPa to 2083 MPa; the compression strain was higher than 35% and even did not break during compression. The invention can obtain a large amount of dispersed L2 with controllable relative content and shape and size by changing the content of Fe element1A nanometer precipitated phase; in addition, the addition of Fe element was found to result in L21The content of the nanometer precipitated phase is continuously increased, thereby affecting L21Performance of the nano precipitated phase; due to the two factors, the addition of Fe can obviously regulate and control the cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The structure performance of the high-entropy alloy has important value for the development and application of the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti and the high-entropy alloy in related alloy systems.

Description

Nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy, in particular to nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy.
Background
The high-entropy alloy is a novel metal material formed by alloying a plurality of elements at equal atomic ratio or near equal atomic ratio. Different from the traditional alloy design idea mainly based on unitary or binary, the subversive alloy design idea of the high-entropy alloy enables the high-entropy alloy to have unique atomic structure characteristics, thereby presenting a plurality of excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties. However, there is still a need for improved structural properties. It is well known that second phase strengthening can significantly improve the overall mechanical properties of the material compared to other strengthening methods. In recent years, the second phase precipitation strengthening in the body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy enables the alloy to show excellent mechanical properties, attracts extensive attention, and is a research hotspot of the current metal materials.
In recent years, various researchers have conducted extensive research on nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloys, and a series of nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloys are prepared, wherein common systems include Fe-Cr-Ni-Al, Fe-Mn-Cr-Ni-Al, Fe-Co-Cr-Ni-Al, Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mn-Al, Fe-Mn-Cr-Al-Ti, Fe-Co-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti, Fe-Mn-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti and the like. The alloy system usually adopts the method of changing Al content, Ti content and Al/Ti ratio or adjusting the ratio of transition group elements, and aims to obtain the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy with good performance. In the research, the content of Fe element is low, the content of other transition groups is high, the manufacturing cost of the alloy is improved invisibly, and the practical application of the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy is limited. The nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic alloy with high Fe content and excellent mechanical property has very important technical and application values.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy, L2 regulated by Fe content1The cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase has the precipitated morphology and properties, so that the body-centered cubic Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti high-entropy alloy with excellent mechanical properties is obtained.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy, with the alloy composition following Fe in molar ratioxCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), x is 2, 4 or 6, and is simply referred to as Fex alloy.
The nano precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy is as follows: highly ordered L2 nano-precipitated on disordered body-centered cubic1-Ni2An AlTi phase; l21The nanometer precipitated phase has high nucleation capability, and the alloy cast by the copper mold precipitates a large amount of dispersed L2 on a body-centered cubic1Cubic and/or spherical nanoparticies.
The nano precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy, L2 with increasing Fe content1Precipitated phase nanoparticles (bulk L2)1And/or granular L21) The relative content of (a) increases.
The nano precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloys, with varying Fe content, L21The size and shape of the nanometer precipitated phase change along with the nanometer precipitated phase. Wherein the nanometer precipitated phases in Fe2 and Fe4 are cubic, the average particle sizes are 240-245 nm and 150-160 nm respectively, the nanometer precipitated phases in Fe6 are spherical, and the average particle size is 55-60 nm.
The nano precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy has the compression performance which is obviously changed by adding Fe element. Compressive yield strength: 1260MPa of Fe2 alloy, 1211MPa of Fe4 alloy and 1008MPa of Fe6 alloy; compressive strength: fe2 alloy 2083MPa, Fe4 alloy 1930MPa, Fe6 alloy 1791 MPa; compressive strain: 37% of Fe2 alloy, wherein Fe4 is not broken in the compression process, and Fe6 is not broken in the compression process; by adding Fe element, the compressive strength of the high-entropy alloy is slightly reduced, and the plastic deformability of the alloy is obviously enhanced, such as that the compressive strain of Fe2 is 37%, and Fe4 is not fractured during the compression process.
The nano precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy added with Fe for regulating and controlling the structure performance of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps: (1) addition of Fe to alter L21The size and shape of the nano precipitated phase; (2) addition of Fe to alter L21Chemical components of the nanometer precipitated phase, especially the content of Fe element.
The invention relates to a body-centered cubic Fe strengthened by regulating and controlling the content of Fe and a nano precipitated phasexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The principle of the high-entropy alloy is as follows:
the principle of adding Fe to regulate and control the structure performance of the body-centered cubic Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti system high-entropy alloy reinforced by the nano precipitated phase comprises the following steps: by adding Fe element, not only L2 can be maintained1High nucleation rate of nano precipitated phase, and reduced relative contents of Al and Ti in the alloy, so that large amount of dispersed and controllable relative contents and shape and size L2 can be obtained by changing Fe content1A nanometer precipitated phase; in addition, the addition of Fe element was found to result in L21The content of cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase is increased continuously, and L2 is influenced1The performance of the cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase further influences the performance of the alloy. The two principles are described in detail as follows:
addition of Fe element to obtain large amount of dispersed and controllable relative content and shape and size L21Precipitated phase of nanometer
Because of AlFe2Ti is also L21The nanometer precipitated phase ensures that the high-entropy alloy added with the Fe element can not only maintain L21High nucleation rate of nano precipitated phaseMeanwhile, the relative content of Al and Ti is reduced, so that the large-amount dispersed and controllable relative content and shape and size L2 can be obtained by changing the content of Fe1And (4) nano precipitated phase. The high-entropy alloy changes along with the content of Fe, L21Precipitated phase nanoparticles (bulk L2)1And granular L21) The relative content of (a) increases; with varying Fe content, L21The size and shape of the nanometer precipitated phase change along with the nanometer precipitated phase. Wherein, the nanometer precipitated phases in Fe2 and Fe4 are both cubic, the average particle sizes are 243nm and 155nm respectively, the nanometer precipitated phase in Fe6 is spherical, and the average particle size is 58 nm; the compression properties change with the change of the Fe content. Compressive yield strength: 1260MPa of Fe2 alloy, 1211MPa of Fe4 alloy and 1008MPa of Fe6 alloy; compressive strength: fe2 alloy 2083MPa, Fe4 alloy 1930MPa, Fe6 alloy 1791 MPa; compressive strain: the Fe2 alloy is 37%, and is not broken during the compression of Fe4, and is not broken during the compression of Fe 6.
Fe element L21The content of cubic/spherical nanometer precipitated phase influences the mechanical property of the alloy
In the high-entropy alloy, the Fe element changes each component at L21Proportional relation between nano precipitated phase and matrix BCC phase. With the increase of Fe element, the Fe element is at L21The content of the nanoprecipitate phase increased from 17.4% in Fe2 to 19.41% in Fe4 and 40.5% in Fe6 (both molar ratios), and it can be seen that the Fe content in Fe6 was much higher than that of the other two alloys. It is worth mentioning that the elements of Ni, Al and Ti are in L21The composition ratio in the particles is almost unchanged, and the sum of the molar ratios of the Al and Ti elements is almost equal to that of the Ni element. The contents of the elements in the respective phases are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 as-cast FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5Composition of the constituent phases of 2, 4, 6 obtained by transmission electron microscopy
Figure BDA0002903047320000031
It is found that, with the addition of Fe element, the Fe element is at L21Precipitation of nanoparticlesIncreased content in the phase and L2 of Fe61Fe element in the nano precipitated phase is much higher than that of the other two alloys because of AlNi2Performance ratio of Ti phase to AlFe2Since Ti phase is excellent, Fe element is in L21The mechanical properties of the alloy are influenced by the content of the cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase. E.g., L21The mechanical property of the Fe6 alloy with more Fe content in the nanometer precipitated phase is poorer than that of Fe 4.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a Fe regulation and control L21Cubic/spherical nano precipitated phase precipitation morphology, thereby improving body-centered cubic Fe of organization performancexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High entropy alloy. The alloy has low preparation cost and simple and effective performance regulation and control method, and has important value for development and application of high-entropy alloy of nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti system and related systems.
(2) Fe described in the present inventionxCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), x is 2, 4, 6 alloy, L2 with varying Fe content1The size and shape of the nanometer precipitated phase change along with the nanometer precipitated phase; the nano precipitated phases in Fe2 and Fe4 are cubic, the average particle sizes are 243nm and 155nm respectively, the nano precipitated phase in Fe6 is spherical, and the average particle size is 58 nm.
(3) Fe described in the present inventionxCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), x ═ 2, 4, 6 alloy, excellent compression properties were obtained by varying the Fe content.
In conclusion, through research, the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic Fe of the inventionxCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5In the high-entropy alloy, the structure performance of the high-entropy alloy changes along with the increase of the Fe content, which shows that the structure performance of the high-entropy alloy can be effectively regulated and controlled by changing the Fe content. By adding Fe element, not only L2 can be maintained1High nucleation rate of nano precipitated phase and reduced relative contents of Al and Ti, so that large amount of dispersed and controllable relative contents and shape and size L2 can be obtained by changing Fe content1A nanometer precipitated phase; in addition, by adding Fe element, hair is obtainedThe Fe element is now at L21The content of the nanometer precipitated phase is continuously increased, and the L2 is influenced1The structure performance of the alloy can be regulated and controlled along with the increase of the Fe content due to the performance of the nanometer precipitated phase.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of an as-cast alloy sheet of 10mm X5 mm Fex.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the as-cast structure of the Fex alloy. Wherein, (a) represents Fe2, (b) represents Fe4, and (c) represents Fe 6.
FIG. 3 is L2 for Fex as-cast alloy1Cubic (a) and spherical (b) nanometer precipitated phase size statistical distribution graphs.
Fig. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of the Fex as-cast structure. Wherein, the graphs (a), (g) and (h) respectively represent the morphology of precipitated phases of Fe2, Fe4 and Fe6 alloys and a selective electron diffraction pattern; FIGS. (b) - (f) are TEM plane scanning elemental distribution diagrams of the Fe2 alloy.
FIG. 5 is a compressive true stress-strain curve for an as-cast Fex alloy.
Detailed Description
In the specific implementation process, the body-centered cubic Fe is strengthened by regulating and controlling the content of Fe and a nano precipitated phasexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The method of the high-entropy alloy is as follows:
the Fe-regulated nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti high-entropy alloy has the composition range changed according to the following principle: fexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), x is 2, 4, 6, and is abbreviated as Fex alloy according to the Fe content.
The raw material adopts sponge Ti with industrial purity, and the purity of the rest elements is not lower than 99.9 wt.%. Preparing an alloy ingot by an electric arc melting method in a high-purity argon (volume purity 99.999% and air pressure 0.01-0.1 MPa) environment, and repeatedly melting the alloy ingot for at least four times to ensure the uniformity of the components. Then remelting alloy ingots in an electric arc furnace in a high-purity argon environment, and obtaining alloy plates with the size of 10mm multiplied by 5mm in a copper mold turnover casting mode. A room temperature compression sample of 2 mm. times.4 mm was cut from the alloy sheet.
Through mechanical property test and microcosmicTissue examination revealed that L2 increased with increasing Fe content1The size and shape of the nanometer precipitated phase change along with the nanometer precipitated phase; wherein, L2 in Fe2 and Fe41The nano precipitated phases are cubic, and have average particle sizes of 243nm and 155nm, respectively, and are L2 in Fe61The nano precipitated phase is spherical, and the average particle size is 58 nm; fe2 contains bulk L21And (4) nano precipitated phase.
Nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The structure regulation and control of the high-entropy alloy by adding Fe to regulate and control the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps: (1) addition of Fe element to alter L21The relative content, size and shape of the nano precipitated phase; (2) addition of Fe element to alter L21Nano chemical composition, especially Fe element content. The performance indexes of the nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy are as follows:
compressive yield strength: 1260MPa of Fe2 alloy, 1211MPa of Fe4 alloy and 1008MPa of Fe6 alloy; tensile strength: fe2 alloy 2083MPa, Fe4 alloy 1930MPa, Fe6 alloy 1791 MPa; compressive strain: the Fe2 alloy is 37%, and is not broken during the compression of Fe4, and is not broken during the compression of Fe 6.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
This example Fe2CrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), namely Fe2 alloy, the raw material adopts sponge Ti with industrial purity, and the purity of the rest elements is not lower than 99.9 wt.%. Placing the raw materials in the order of decreasing the melting point from top to bottom, and pumping the pressure in the furnace to 1.0 × 10 by using a mechanical pump and a molecular pump-3Pa～3.0×10-3Pa, introducing high-purity Ar gas to about 0.05MPa, preparing a master alloy ingot by an arc melting method under the protection of argon, and repeatedly melting the alloy ingot for five times. And casting in a turning furnace to obtain alloy plates with the width, thickness and length of 10mm, 5mm and 80mm respectively. Cutting the alloy plate by wire cut electrical discharge machining and rapid sawing to obtain a compressed sample with the size of phi 2mm multiplied by 4mm, and grinding and polishing the compressed sample by abrasive paper.
Cutting an as-cast Fe2 alloy sheetThe sheets were made approximately 1mm thick and characterized for as-cast structure. As shown in FIG. 1, the XRD diffraction pattern of Fe2 alloy, Fe2 alloy is mainly composed of disordered body-centered cubic and ordered L21The nano precipitated phase consists of a small amount of sigma phase; as shown in fig. 2, the microstructure of the Fex alloy can be seen in fig. 2. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the Fe2 alloy contains cubic particles L21Body centered cubic phase, bulk L21Precipitated nanoparticles and bulk L21Needle-like sigma phase and cubic particles L2 were precipitated on the nano precipitated phase1The average particle size is 243nm, the size of the nanometer precipitated phase is mainly distributed in the range of 100-600 nm, wherein the maximum number of the nanometer precipitated phase with the size of 175-225 nm is shown in figure 3 (a). FIG. 4(a) is the morphology of the precipitated phase of Fe2 alloy and the selected area electron diffraction pattern. According to the TEM dark field phase and the diffraction pattern thereof, the particles precipitated from the Fe2 alloy are L21The nano-precipitates the phase and the particles remain cuboidal. From the TEM diffraction pattern, the lattice constant a of the body-centered cubic can be roughly calculatedBCCAnd L21Lattice constant of nano precipitated phase
Figure BDA0002903047320000061
Then according to the calculation formula of lattice mismatching epsilon
Figure BDA0002903047320000062
Calculating the body-centered cubic sum L2 of the series of alloys1Lattice mismatching of the nanometer precipitated phase. Therefore, of Fe2
Figure BDA0002903047320000063
ε was 0.2894nm, 0.5833nm and 0.77% respectively. FIGS. 4(b) to (f) are TEM surface scanning elemental distributions of the Fe2 alloy, which show that the alloy is granular L21And block L21Mainly rich in Al, Ni and Ti elements and poor in Fe and Cr elements, and in contrast, the matrix and the sigma phase are mainly rich in Fe and Cr elements and poor in Al, Ni and Ti elements. Similarly, as shown in Table 1, the sum of the molar ratios of Al and Ti elements in the particles was substantially equal to that of the Ni element, and L2 represents the intragranular precipitated particles1-Ni2AlTi。
From Fe2 alloy sheet (width, thickness, length 1 respectively)0mm, 5mm, 80mm) and a compressive strain rate of 2X 10mm-4s-1. FIG. 5 is a room temperature compressive true stress-strain curve of Fex alloy, the yield strength of Fe2 alloy is 1260MPa, the compressive strength is 2083MPa, and the compressive strain is as high as 37%.
Example 2
This example Fe4CrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), namely Fe4 alloy, the raw material adopts sponge Ti with industrial purity, and the purity of the rest elements is not lower than 99.9 wt.%. Placing the raw materials in the order of decreasing the melting point from top to bottom, and pumping the pressure in the furnace to 1.0 × 10 by using a mechanical pump and a molecular pump-3Pa～3.0×10-3Pa, introducing high-purity Ar gas to about 0.05MPa, preparing a master alloy ingot by an arc melting method under the protection of argon, and repeatedly melting the alloy ingot for five times. And casting in a turning furnace to obtain alloy plates with the width, thickness and length of 10mm, 5mm and 80mm respectively. Cutting the alloy plate by wire cut electrical discharge machining and rapid sawing to obtain a compressed sample with the size of phi 2mm multiplied by 4mm, and grinding and polishing the compressed sample by abrasive paper.
The cast alloy plate of Fe4 was sliced to a thickness of about 1mm and the as-cast structure was characterized. As shown in FIG. 1, the XRD diffraction pattern of the Fe4 alloy, both Fe4 alloy and Fe2 contain body-centered cubic phase, L21Nanophase and sigma phase, but L21The content of nanophase and sigma phases is small, as is also demonstrated by scanning photographs of the alloy, see fig. 2(a) - (b). As shown in fig. 2, the microstructure of the Fex alloy can be seen in fig. 2. As shown in FIG. 2(b), each of the alloys Fe4 and Fe2 contains cubic L21Particles, body centered cubic phase, minor amount of bulk L21Precipitated nanoparticles and bulk L21Needle-like sigma phase and cubic L2 are precipitated on the nano precipitated phase1The average size of the particles is 155nm, the size of the nanometer precipitated phase is mainly distributed in the range of 50-450 nm, wherein the maximum number of the nanometer precipitated phases with the size of 125-175 nm is shown in figure 3 (a). FIG. 4(g) is the morphology of the precipitated phase of Fe4 alloy and the selected area electron diffraction pattern. According to the TEM dark field phase and the diffraction pattern thereof, the particles precipitated from the Fe4 alloy and Fe2 are both L21The nanoparticles precipitate out of phase and the particles remain cuboidal. From the TEM diffraction pattern, the lattice constant a of the body-centered cubic can be roughly calculatedBCCAnd L21Lattice constant of nano precipitated phase
Figure BDA0002903047320000064
Then according to the calculation formula of lattice mismatching epsilon
Figure BDA0002903047320000065
Figure BDA0002903047320000066
Calculating the body-centered cubic sum L2 of the series of alloys1Lattice mismatching of the nanometer precipitated phase. So a of Fe4BCC、
Figure BDA0002903047320000071
Epsilon is 0.2881nm, 0.5818nm and 0.98 percent respectively.
Compressive specimens having a specification of 2 mm. times.4 mm in diameter and a compressive strain rate of 2X 10mm were cut from Fe4 alloy sheets (10 mm, 5mm and 80mm in width, thickness and length, respectively)-4s-1. As shown in FIG. 5, the room temperature compressive true stress-strain curve of Fex alloy has a Fe4 alloy yield strength of 1211MPa and a compressive strength of 1930MPa, and does not fracture during compression. This is because of the L2 in the Fe4 alloy1The content of nano precipitated phase is slightly lower than that of Fe2 alloy, so that the strength is slightly lower than that of Fe2 alloy; fe4 alloy with only a small amount of bulk L21Nano precipitated phase and needle-like sigma phase, Fe2 alloy has more block-shaped L21The nano-precipitates and acicular sigma phase, resulting in the Fe4 alloy not breaking during compression.
Example 3
This example Fe6CrNiAl0.5Ti0.5(molar ratio), namely Fe6 alloy, the raw material adopts sponge Ti with industrial purity, and the purity of the rest elements is not lower than 99.9 wt.%. Placing the raw materials in the order of decreasing the melting point from top to bottom, and pumping the pressure in the furnace to 1.0 × 10 by using a mechanical pump and a molecular pump-3Pa～3.0×10-3Pa, introducing high-purity Ar gas to about 0.05MPa, and keeping in argonUnder protection, a master alloy ingot is prepared by an arc melting method, and the alloy ingot is repeatedly melted five times. And casting in a turning furnace to obtain alloy plates with the width, thickness and length of 10mm, 5mm and 80mm respectively. Cutting the alloy plate by wire cut electrical discharge machining and rapid sawing to obtain a compressed sample with the size of phi 2mm multiplied by 4mm, and grinding and polishing the compressed sample by abrasive paper.
The cast alloy plate of Fe6 was sliced to a thickness of about 1mm and the as-cast structure was characterized. As shown in FIG. 1, the XRD diffraction pattern of Fex alloy, the Fe6 alloy with the highest Fe content contains body-centered cubic phase and L21Nanophase precipitates, with little sigma phase, as also evidenced by scanning photographs of the alloy, see fig. 2 (c). Comparing the intensities of diffraction peaks of Fe2, Fe4 and Fe6 alloys by using the formula shown in figure 1: increasing Fe content, increasing body-centered cubic phase content, and decreasing L21Content of nano precipitated phase. As can be seen from Table 1, L21The nano precipitated phase is mainly rich in Al, Ti and Ni, the content of Fe is increased, the relative content of Al, Ti and Ni is reduced, and the relative content of L2 is caused1The main reason for the reduced content of the nano precipitated phase.
As shown in fig. 2, the microstructure of the Fex alloy can be seen in fig. 2. As shown in FIG. 2(c), the Fe6 alloy contains spherical L21Particles and body-centered cubic phase, bulk-free L21Precipitated phase and sigma phase nanoparticles L21The average particle size of (a) is 58nm, the size of the nano precipitated phase is mainly distributed in the range of 25-95 nm, wherein the maximum number of nano precipitated phases with the size of 50-60 nm is shown in figure 3 (b). Comparing Fe2, Fe4 and Fe6, it is found that the alloy is apt to form a bulk L2 when the Fe content is small1Precipitating phase in nanometer state, and collecting at block L21Needle-like sigma phase is precipitated from the nano precipitated phase, and as the Fe content increases, the bulk of L21The nanophase and σ phases are less reduced and eventually disappear, and L21Precipitated phase nanoparticles (bulk L2)1And granular L21) The relative content of (b) is also decreasing; with increasing Fe content, L21The particles are decreasing in size and changing in shape, description L21The shape of the nanophase precipitates is related to the particle size. In conclusion, by varying the Fe element content, a large number of dispersed phases can be obtainedFor L2 with controllable content and shape size1Nanophase precipitated phases, as shown in fig. 2(b) - (c).
As shown in fig. 4(h), the morphology of the precipitated phase of the Fe6 alloy and the selected area electron diffraction pattern. L2 precipitated from Fe6 alloy, as evident from TEM dark field phase and its diffraction pattern1The particles are spherical. From the TEM diffraction pattern, the lattice constant a of the body-centered cubic can be roughly calculatedBCCAnd L21Lattice constant of nano precipitated phase
Figure BDA0002903047320000081
Then according to the calculation formula of lattice mismatching epsilon
Figure BDA0002903047320000082
Calculating the body-centered cubic sum L2 of the series of alloys1Lattice mismatching of the nanometer precipitated phase. Therefore, a of Fe6BCC、
Figure BDA0002903047320000083
0.2944nm, 0.6012nm and 2.09 percent respectively.
Compressive specimens having a specification of 2 mm. times.4 mm in diameter and a compressive strain rate of 2X 10mm were cut from Fe6 alloy sheets (10 mm, 5mm and 80mm in width, thickness and length, respectively)-4s-1. As shown in FIG. 5, the room temperature compressive true stress-strain curve of Fex alloy has a yield strength of 1008MPa and a compressive strength of 1791MPa for Fe6 alloy, and does not break during compression. The compressive yield strength and compressive strength of the Fe6 alloy are minimal, primarily due to the globular shape of L21High content of iron in the nano precipitated phase, small size of phase particles and low content.
The results of the examples show that the invention can not only maintain L2 by adding Fe element1High nucleation rate of nano precipitated phase and reduced relative contents of Al and Ti, so that large amount of dispersed and controllable relative contents and shape and size L2 can be obtained by changing Fe content1A nanometer precipitated phase; in addition, the addition of Fe element was found to result in L21The content in the nanophase is increasing and thus affects L21The properties of the nanophase; these two factors lead to the fact that the addition of Fe can significantly modulate the cubing @The spherical nanometer precipitated phase strengthens the microstructure of the body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy, and further influences the mechanical property of the alloy. The invention strengthens body-centered cubic Fe for nano precipitated phasexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy has important value in the practical application of the body-centered cubic high-entropy alloy of other similar alloy systems.

Claims (6)

1. Nano precipitated phase reinforced body-centered cubic FexCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy is characterized in that the components of the high-entropy alloy follow Fe according to the mol ratioxCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5And x is 2, 4 or 6, and is abbreviated as Fex alloy.
2. The nano-precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic Fe of claim 1xCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy is characterized in that: ordered L2 in nanometer level is separated out from disordered body-centered cubic matrix1-Ni2An AlTi phase; l21The nanometer precipitated phase has nucleation capability, and a great amount of dispersed L2 is precipitated from the alloy cast by the copper mold1Cubic and/or spherical nanoparticies.
3. The nano-precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic Fe of claim 1xCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High-entropy alloy, characterized in that the high-entropy alloy is in a block shape L2 with the increase of Fe content1Nanocrystallized phase and/or granular L21The relative content of the nano precipitated phase increases.
4. The nano-precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic Fe of claim 1xCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5High-entropy alloy, characterized in that it varies with the Fe content, L21The size and shape of the nanometer precipitated phase change along with the nanometer precipitated phase; wherein the nanometer precipitated phases in Fe2 and Fe4 are cubic, the average particle sizes are 240-245 nm and 150-160 nm respectively, the nanometer precipitated phase in Fe6 is spherical,the average particle size is 55 to 60 nm.
5. The nano-precipitated phase strengthened body-centered cubic Fe of claim 1xCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy is characterized in that the compression performance of the high-entropy alloy is remarkably changed by adding Fe element; compressive yield strength: 1260MPa of Fe2 alloy, 1211MPa of Fe4 alloy and 1008MPa of Fe6 alloy; compressive strength: fe2 alloy 2083MPa, Fe4 alloy 1930MPa, Fe6 alloy 1791 MPa; compressive strain: 37% of Fe2 alloy, wherein Fe4 is not broken in the compression process, and Fe6 is not broken in the compression process; by adding Fe element, the compressive strength of the high-entropy alloy is slightly reduced, the plastic deformability of the alloy is obviously enhanced, the compressive strain of the Fe2 alloy is 37%, and the Fe4 and Fe6 alloys are not fractured during the compression process.
6. The nano-precipitated phase strengthened body centered cubic Fe of claim 5xCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5The high-entropy alloy is characterized in that the high-entropy alloy microstructure and mechanical properties regulated and controlled by adding Fe comprise: (1) addition of Fe to alter L21The size and shape of the nano precipitated phase; (2) addition of Fe to alter L21The chemical composition of the nano precipitated phase, especially the content of Fe element, further changes L21Nano precipitated phase and alloy properties.
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