CN108374099A - A kind of preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite.The method includes the following steps：By the way that the enhancing particle using Mg Zn Y systems is added in magnesium powder, aluminium powder, magnesium alloy powder or Al alloy powder, hot pressing, sintering are carried out using SPS methods or cubic hinge press method, magnesium-based/aluminum matrix composite is made.The present invention obtains reinforced phase particle and is changed into nanocrystalline, hardness height by high-energy ball milling, and have preferable associativity with magnesium/aluminum substrate, prepare the composite material haveing excellent performance without heavy rare earth element Er etc..
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to the preparation methods containing nanocrystalline LPSO phases granule reinforced magnesium/aluminum matrix composite, belong to new material
Field.
Background technology：
With aerospace, the fast development of the industries such as communications and transportation and telecommunications also proposed new material
Higher requirement, light-weighted new material are increasingly paid attention to by all circles at home and abroad.Traditional magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy has
Low-density, the features such as specific strength is big, but absolute intensity is relatively low limits its further commercial Application.
In recent years, on the one hand researcher improves the synthesis mechanics of magnesium alloy by adding alloying element into magnesium alloy
Performance simultaneously achieves a series of progress.Wherein, Japanese Scientists Kawamura Yoshihito in 2001 finds to add one in Mg-Zn alloys
The rare earth element of certainty ratio can generate a kind of long-periodic structure (LPSO), he by quickly solidify+it is prepared by the method for powder metallurgy
Go out yield strength>600MPa, elongation percentage>5% Mg97Zn2Y1High-performance magnesium-alloy.But presently relevant research emphasis is concentrated
It is special in can mainly have and prepared different type LPSO type magnesium alloys by ingredient regulation and control in in-situ authigenic LPSO type magnesium alloys
Be not in-situ authigenic LPSO has great influence with respect to magnesium alloy high-temperature behavior.
On the other hand, the appearance of magnesium-based/aluminum matrix composite greatly improves power existing for current magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy
The poor problem of performance is learned, especially there can be good development prospect with controlled material elasticity modulus.But current magnesium-based/aluminium
The common reinforced phase of based composites is mainly the ceramic particles such as SiC, TiC.Although ceramic particle has higher hardness, its
Plasticity difference itself and the weak potential application for limiting composite material of combination between reinforced phase and matrix.
In the prior art, Chinese invention patent " a kind of High-performance magnesium metal matrix composite material and preparation method thereof CN
103695676 " disclose a kind of preparation method of LPSO phases particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, and this method, which refers to, makees LPSO phases
It is added in magnesium alloy for outside enhancing particle to prepare composite material, but the LPSO phase contents of the enhancing particle are only 65%,
And the heavy rare earth element Er of higher price need to be used, it is unfavorable for industrial production cost control.In addition, being crushed as cast condition group merely
It knits, and it is made to be added to composite material as reinforced phase particle, enhance granular mechanics limited capacity, particle surface oxidation and dirt
Dye is also unfavorable for further promoting the performance of composite material.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of high performance nanocrystalline LPSO granule reinforced magnesiums for deficiency present in current techniques
The preparation method of base/aluminum matrix composite.The composite material is by magnesium powder, aluminium powder, magnesium alloy powder or Al alloy powder
The middle enhancing particle being added using Mg-Zn-Y systems, through being overpressurized and being sintered, obtained composite material.The composite wood of the present invention
LPSO phase contents in material are very high close to 100%.The present invention obtains reinforced phase particle and passes through height without heavy rare earth element Er etc.
Can ball milling be changed into nanocrystalline, hardness is high, and has preferable associativity with magnesium/aluminum substrate, prepare have excellent performance it is compound
Material.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite, this approach includes the following steps：
(1) mixing of composite materials
Reinforced phase powder after ball milling is subjected to mechanical mixture with original washing powder, obtains mixed-powder, wherein reinforced phase powder
Quality is the 5%-30% of the quality of mixed-powder；The grain size of reinforced phase powder is 60-90 μm, the grain size of magnesium/Al alloy powder
It is 150 μm -270 μm；The group of the reinforced phase powder becomes Mg-Zn-Y alloys, and the quality proportioning of composition is Mg：Zn：Y=
60-78：5-13：15-25；The original washing powder is magnesium powder, aluminium powder, magnesium alloy powder or Al alloy powder；
(2) sintering of composite materials
The mixed-powder that upper step is obtained carries out hot pressing, sintering using SPS methods or cubic hinge press method, and magnesium is made
Base/aluminum matrix composite；
Wherein, when using SPS methods, sintering temperature is 300-400 DEG C, pressure 100-150MPa, and sintering time is
3-5 minutes；When cubic hinge press method, sintering temperature is 400-500 DEG C, pressure 4-5GPa, and sintering time is 30-60 points
Clock；
When using cubic hinge press method, it can also be made annealing treatment after sintering, annealing temperature 350-450
DEG C, time 40-80 minute.
The composition quality proportioning of the reinforced phase powder is preferably Mg：Zn：Y=63.4：12.0：24.6；
The preparation method of the reinforced phase powder, includes the following steps：
(1) dispensing：Dispensing is carried out according to the material proportion；
(2) melting：Smelting furnace is preheated to 400~500 DEG C, then pure magnesium ingot is added in the crucible of smelting furnace, is reheated
To 700~750 DEG C；After magnesium ingot fusing after be added Zn and Mg-Y intermediate alloys, then by furnace temperature increase 10~30 DEG C, heat preservation 10~
15 minutes, then mechanical agitation 2~5 minutes；
(3) it pours into a mould：Melting furnace temperature is transferred to 700~720 DEG C, heat preservation is poured into after 10~15 minutes in mold, cooling
The ingot casting containing reinforced phase is just obtained later；It is CO in melting to casting process2With SF6Mixed gas atmosphere；
(4) nanocrystalline preparation
Upper step is obtained being crushed after the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is polished, obtains the clast that particle is 0.5-1mm, cleaning
After be packed into ball grinder, according to ratio of grinding media to material be 10:1, rotating speed is 500-1000r/min and is carried out under conditions of having Ar gas shieldeds high
Energy ball milling, Ball-milling Time 1-5h, the grain size prepared are 150 μm -270 μm nanocrystalline, i.e. reinforced phase powder.
Material in the step (1), used Mg are pure magnesium ingot, and Zn is spelter, and Y is that Mg-Y intermediate alloys are preferred
For Mg-30Y intermediate alloys.
The volume ratio of mixed gas is CO in the step (3)2：SF6=100：1.
The present invention substantive distinguishing features be：
The present invention solves existing deficiency under the premise of current background technology, optimizes the ingredient of LPSO reinforced phase particles,
Make initial as-cast structure LPSO reinforced phases content close to 100%；High-energy ball milling is innovatively utilized greatly to improve
Enhance the hardness of particle, while with good stability at 400 DEG C of the enhancing particle, is very beneficial for subsequent thermal processing process
Further increase comprehensive performance；Optimized with the additive amount of reinforced phase by being effectively sintered, can effectively be promoted prepared multiple
The mechanical property of condensation material, enhancing particle are uniformly distributed and good with basis material associativity；It, can by subsequent annealing
To regulate and control the precipitation of LPSO phases, the performance of composite material is then further promoted.It is specially 1. at low cost, it is of the present invention
Enhancing particle is made of Mg-Zn-Y, without heavy rare earth element Er with patent mentioned above compared with, be conducive to industrialized production at
This control.2. LPSO phase contents are very high close to 100% in the enhancing particle of the present invention, and LPSO in existing enhancing particle
It is only mutually 65%.3. using high-energy ball milling, LPSO phases are in nanoscale in the particle through obtaining after ball milling, and during this
The hardness of particle is also improved, and existing method, using crusher, broken particle is coarse.4. the present invention is applicable not only to
The enhancing of magnesium base alloy applies also for the enhancing of acieral.
The present invention is by arduous research and experiment in preparation process, obtained appropriate operating parameter and material at
Point, ensure it is final to be nanocrystalline LPSO phases particle, and ensure the critical issue of LPSO phases content in particle.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention and existing patent are integrally different.Material that the present invention uses with material therefor in existing patent not
Together, and in the present invention material therefor is at low cost, is conducive to the control of industrial production cost, and in particle LPSO phases content
It is very high.It is hardness that is nano level while also improving particle, particle tool through making LPSO phases in particle after high-energy ball milling
There is high-temperature stability to facilitate progressive heat treatment, to obtain good comprehensive performance.It is by Mg in this patent85Zn6Y9Magnesium closes
It is added to magnesium/alumina-base material by certain mass score again after gold goal mill, then uses SPS sintering or cubic hinge press sintering,
It is simpler than process with existing method.
There is apparent progress compared with prior art and the final composite material combination property arrived is more preferable.Such as：Magnesium powder is burnt
Yield strength after knot is 70MPa, compression strength 220MPa, and LPSOp/Mg magnesium-based composite materials prepared by the present invention are bent
It is 170MPa to take intensity；Compression strength is 300MPa.Finally enhance evengranular distribution in the composite.If follow-up carry out
Annealing, regulation and control are precipitated LPSO phases, so that nanoscale LPSO phases is uniformly distributed in the composite, then make arriving for material property
Further promoted.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is that LPSO phases and other compositions comparison diagram in alloy are chosen in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is that alloys magnesium As-cast Microstructure SEM, TEM and SADP figure is chosen in embodiment 2, and wherein Fig. 2 a scheme for SEM；
Wherein Fig. 2 b scheme for TEM；Wherein Fig. 2 c scheme for SADP；
Fig. 3 is that magnesium alloy ball milling SEM, the TEM after three hours, wherein Fig. 3 a are chosen in embodiment 2 as SEM figures；Fig. 3 b are
TEM schemes；
Fig. 4, which is the LPSO of magnesium alloy ball milling different time in embodiment 1,2,3, enhances powder X-ray RD comparison diagrams；
Fig. 5 is the composite material SEM figures in embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the composite material SEM figures in embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the composite material SEM figures in embodiment 3.
Specific implementation mode：
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Using magnesium powder magnesium-based composite material is prepared as matrix.
1. containing Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%) prepared by the melting of LPSO reinforced phases ingot casting
1) dispensing：According to Mg:63.40wt%；Zn：12.04wt%；Y：24.56wt% (i.e. Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%)),
Divide mass percent to carry out dispensing, weigh the pure magnesium of raw material, spelter and Mg-30Y (paying attention to removing surface scale).
2) melting：Mg alloy smelting furnace is cleaned out and is preheated to 450 DEG C, then melting is added in preheated pure magnesium ingot
In the crucible of stove, it is again heated to 720 DEG C；The spelter and magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy of preheated mistake are added after magnesium ingot fusing, then will
Furnace temperature increases 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 15 minutes, then mechanical agitation 3 minutes.
3) it pours into a mould：Temperature is transferred to 720 DEG C later, 10 minutes is kept the temperature, skims the dross of bath surface, be then poured into mould
In tool, the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is just obtained after cooling.Always all in logical CO in entire melting to casting process2：SF6=
100：1 mixed gas, is protected.
2. nanocrystalline preparation
The ingot casting prepared in step 1 is subjected to polishing and removes surface scale, is crushed, is prepared with milling machine later
Grain is the magnesium chips of 0.5-1mm.It is 10 according to ratio of grinding media to material after magnesium chips after alcohol or acetone cleaning is packed into ball grinder:1, rotating speed
High-energy ball milling, Ball-milling Time 1h are carried out for 500r/min and under conditions of there are Ar gas shieldeds, the enhancing particle prepared is
It is nanocrystalline.
3. the mixing of composite material
Reinforced phase powder after step 2 ball milling is sieved, chooses grain size in 5-75 μm of reinforced phase powder and 150 μm
Magnesium powder carry out mechanical mixture, wherein the mass fraction of reinforced phase be 10%, remaining is magnesium powder.
4. the sintering of composite material
The mixed powder of step 3 is used into SPS hot pressed sinterings, it is 350 DEG C, pressure 150MPa to be sintered mixed degree, sintering
Time is 5 minutes, the LPSOp/Mg magnesium-based composite materials of preparation.Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to this composite material, (is used
GB/T 228.1-2010 metal material stretching tests part 1 room temperature test methods and GB/T 7314-2005 metal materials room
Temperature and pressure contracting experimental method) yield strength is obtained as 170MPa, compression strength 300MPa.
Embodiment 2
Using AZ91 powder magnesium-based composite material is prepared as matrix.
1. containing Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%) prepared by the melting of LPSO reinforced phases ingot casting
1) dispensing：According to Mg:63.40wt%；Zn：12.04wt%；Y：The mass percent of 24.56wt% is (i.e.
Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%)) dispensing is carried out, the pure magnesium of raw material, spelter and Mg-30Y (paying attention to removing surface scale) are weighed.
2) melting：Mg alloy smelting furnace is cleaned out and is preheated to 450 DEG C, then melting is added in preheated pure magnesium ingot
In the crucible of stove, it is again heated to 720 DEG C；The spelter and magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy of preheated mistake are added after magnesium ingot fusing, then will
Furnace temperature increases 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 15 minutes, then mechanical agitation 3 minutes.
3) it pours into a mould：Temperature is transferred to 720 DEG C later, 10 minutes is kept the temperature, skims the dross of bath surface, be then poured into mould
In tool, the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is just obtained after cooling.Always all in logical CO in entire melting to casting process2：SF6=
100：1 mixed gas, is protected.
2. nanocrystalline preparation
The ingot casting prepared in step 1 is subjected to polishing and removes surface scale, is crushed, is prepared with milling machine later
Grain is the magnesium chips of 0.5-1mm.It is 10 according to ratio of grinding media to material after magnesium chips after alcohol or acetone cleaning is packed into ball grinder:1, rotating speed
High-energy ball milling, Ball-milling Time 3h are carried out for 500r/min and under conditions of there are Ar gas shieldeds, the enhancing particle prepared is
It is nanocrystalline.
3. the mixing of composite material
Reinforced phase powder after step 2 ball milling is sieved, chooses grain size in 5-75 μm of reinforced phase powder and 150 μm
AZ91 powder carry out mechanical mixture, wherein the mass fraction of reinforced phase be 20%, remaining be AZ91 magnesium alloy powder.
4. the sintering of composite material
The mixed powder of step 3 is used into SPS hot pressed sinterings, it is 350 DEG C, pressure 150MPa to be sintered mixed degree, sintering
Time is 5min, the LPSOp/AZ91 magnesium-based composite materials of preparation.Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to this composite material, (is used
GB/T 228.1-2010 metal material stretching tests part 1 room temperature test methods and GB/T 7314-2005 metal materials room
Temperature and pressure contracting experimental method) yield strength is obtained as 210MPa, compression strength 480MPa.
Embodiment 3
Using aluminium powder magnesium-based composite material is prepared as matrix.
1. containing Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%) prepared by the melting of LPSO reinforced phases ingot casting
1) dispensing：According to Mg:63.40wt%；Zn：12.04wt%；Y：The mass percent of 24.56wt% is (i.e.
Mg85Zn6Y9(at.%)) dispensing is carried out, the pure magnesium of raw material, spelter and Mg-30Y (paying attention to removing surface scale) are weighed.
2) melting：Mg alloy smelting furnace is cleaned out and is preheated to 450 DEG C, then melting is added in preheated pure magnesium ingot
In the crucible of stove, it is again heated to 720 DEG C；The spelter and magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy of preheated mistake are added after magnesium ingot fusing, then will
Furnace temperature increases 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 15 minutes, then mechanical agitation 3 minutes.
3) it pours into a mould：Temperature is transferred to 720 DEG C later, 10 minutes is kept the temperature, skims the dross of bath surface, be then poured into mould
In tool, the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is just obtained after cooling.Always all in logical CO in entire melting to casting process2:SF6=
100：1 mixed gas, is protected.
2. nanocrystalline preparation
The ingot casting prepared in step 1 is subjected to polishing and removes surface scale, is crushed, is prepared with milling machine later
Grain is the magnesium chips of 0.5-1mm.It is 10 according to ratio of grinding media to material after magnesium chips after alcohol or acetone cleaning is packed into ball grinder:1, rotating speed
High-energy ball milling, Ball-milling Time 5h are carried out for 500r/min and under conditions of there are Ar gas shieldeds, the enhancing particle prepared is
It is nanocrystalline.
3. the mixing of composite material
Reinforced phase powder after step 2 ball milling is sieved, chooses grain size in 5-75 μm of reinforced phase powder and 150 μm
Aluminium powder carry out mechanical mixture, wherein the mass fraction of reinforced phase be 30%, remaining is aluminium powder.
4. the sintering of composite material
The mixed powder of step 3 is used into cubic hinge press hot pressed sintering, it is 500 DEG C, pressure 4GPa to be sintered mixed degree,
Sintering time is 60 minutes, and 400 DEG C are then carried out to it and is made annealing treatment 60 minutes, the LPSOp/ aluminum matrix composites of preparation.It is right
This composite material carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, (uses GB/T 228.1-2010 metal material stretching test part 1 room temperatures
Test method and GB/T 7314-2005 metal material room temperature compression experiments method) obtain yield strength be 290MPa, pressure resistance
Degree is 420MPa.
Fabric analysis is carried out to embodiment 1.2.3 according to the result of experiment detection：
Observation chart 1 is found, works as Mg:63.40wt%；Zn：12.04wt%；Y：Its molecular formula is when 24.56wt%
Mg85Zn6Y9, can be right from can be seen that LPSO phase contents are very high close to 100% in enhancing particle at this time in experimental result
Matrix generates the enhancing effect of highly significant.And work as Mg other conditions are identical:82.45wt%；Zn：4.72wt%；Y：
(its molecular formula is Mg when 12.83wt%94Zn2Y4) LPSO phases therein only 40% or so.
Observation chart 2 is it is known that can be found that reinforced phase is evenly distributed in matrix, can regard a kind of fiber as in a
Reinforcement, to achieve the purpose that reinforcing；As cast condition is organized as 18R (stacking order of atom) type LPSO structures in b, this
Stacking fault can hinder dislocation motion, to which crystal boundary is strengthened；To c by observation it can be found that LPSO phases are long-range order
Periodic arrangement feature.Make LPSO phases that there is good mechanicalness just because of the characteristics of this orderly periodic arrangement
Energy.
It is significantly refined in observation chart 3a it is seen that enhancing particle size after high-energy ball milling, the refinement of particle
Its intensity can be made to be improved, to be conducive to the invigoration effect to matrix；It can be found that LPSO phases are nanometer from Fig. 3 b
Grade, illustrates that high-energy ball milling can be refined to nanoscale to make enhancing particulates' properties get a promotion in the short time.
Observation chart 4 can find that the diffraction maximum of ground different time XRD obviously broadens, this is because brilliant in process of lapping
Caused by grain refinement.Enhancing Particle Breakage and crystal grain refinement can effectively be made by further illustrating high-energy ball milling.
It can be found that when the mass fraction for enhancing particle is less than 20% from Fig. 5 .6.7, particle has no apparent reunion,
Whole to be more evenly distributed in matrix, associativity is good between enhancing particle and matrix at this time, compound so as to enhance
The comprehensive performance of material；But with the increase of mass fraction, particle then occurs obviously to reunite and can be connected with each other between particle, is formed
Latticed LPSO particles, this reticular structure are conducive to improve the wearability and bending strength of material.
It is well known that refiner material crystal grain can improve the toughness of material while promoting the strength of materials, therefore if energy
The crystal grain for enough refining LPSO phase magnesium alloys, can further promote its performance.Currently, refiner material crystal grain is most effective, most direct
Mode is exactly high-energy ball milling.The LPSO phase particles that nanocrystal scale can be efficiently prepared by high-energy ball milling, to be promoted
Its own comprehensive performance.SPS is sintered and cubic hinge press sintering is generally acknowledged efficient sintered powder technique, passes through both sides
Formula can effectively realize effective connection between powder particle, improve the consistency of composite material.Simultaneously with other sintering processings
It compares, both sintering processings can efficiently reduce nanograin growth in sintering process, to realize material to the greatest extent
High-performance.
Therefore, based on the above analysis it is found that being regulated and controled by alloy element component, the as-cast structure prepared is high volume point
Number LPSO reinforced phase intermediate alloys；Then LPSO phase particles are prepared by the method for high-energy ball milling, can effectively promotes enhancing
The hardness of particle, and experiment proves that the enhancing particle with excellent heat resistance, may make the composite material that it is prepared to be used for
Subsequent thermal processing deforms；It prepares LPSO phases by way of SPS or cubic hinge press sintering and enhances magnesium/aluminium composite material, it can be with
The limitation for breaking in-situ authigenic magnesium alloy enhances the property that particle further promotes material by introducing nanocrystalline high-performance LPSO
Can, while regulating and controlling relevant nanometer crystalline substance scale, by follow-up suitable annealing, effectively adjusts cooperateing with for LPSO phases and W phases
It is precipitated, and then promotes the comprehensive performance of material.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only example to illustrate the invention, and is not the implementation to the present invention
The restriction of mode.For those of ordinary skill in the art, other can also be made not on the basis of the above description
With the variation and variation of form.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.It is every to belong to technical scheme of the present invention
Row of the changes and variations that derived from still in protection scope of the present invention.
Unaccomplished matter of the present invention is known technology.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite, it is characterized in that this method include with
Lower step：
（1）The mixing of composite material
Reinforced phase powder after ball milling is subjected to mechanical mixture with original washing powder, obtains mixed-powder, wherein the quality of reinforced phase powder
For the 5%-30% of the quality of mixed-powder；The grain size of reinforced phase powder is 60-90 μm, and the grain size of magnesium/Al alloy powder is 150 μ
m-270μm；The group of the reinforced phase powder becomes Mg-Zn-Y alloys, and the quality proportioning of composition is Mg：Zn：Y=60-78：
5-13：15-25；The original washing powder is magnesium powder, aluminium powder, magnesium alloy powder or Al alloy powder；
（2）The sintering of composite material
The mixed-powder that upper step is obtained carries out hot pressing, sintering using SPS methods or cubic hinge press method, and magnesium/aluminium base is made
Composite material；
Wherein, when using SPS methods, sintering temperature is 300-400 DEG C, pressure 100-150MPa, and sintering time is 3-5 points
Clock；When cubic hinge press method, sintering temperature is 400-500 DEG C, pressure 4-5GPa, and sintering time is 30-60 minutes；
It can also include annealing steps, annealing temperature 350-450, time when using cubic hinge press method, after sintering
40-80min。
2. the preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite as described in claim 1, feature
Composition quality proportioning for the reinforced phase powder is Mg：Zn：Y=63.4：12.0 ：24.6.
3. the preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that
The preparation method of the reinforced phase powder, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing：Dispensing is carried out according to the material proportion；
（2）Melting：Smelting furnace is preheated to 400~500 DEG C, then pure magnesium ingot is added in the crucible of smelting furnace, is again heated to 700
~750 DEG C；Zn and Mg-Y intermediate alloys are added after magnesium ingot fusing, furnace temperature is then increased 10~30 DEG C, keep the temperature 10~15 points
Clock, then mechanical agitation 2~5 minutes；
（3）Cast：Melting furnace temperature is transferred to 700~720 DEG C, heat preservation is poured into after 10~15 minutes in mold, after cooling
Just the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is obtained；It is CO in melting to casting process2With SF6Mixed gas atmosphere；
（4）Nanocrystalline preparation
Upper step is obtained being crushed after the ingot casting containing reinforced phase is polished, the clast that particle is 0.5-1mm is obtained, is filled after cleaning
Enter ball grinder, is 10 according to ratio of grinding media to material:1, rotating speed is 500-1000r/min and carries out high energy ball under conditions of having Ar gas shieldeds
Mill, Ball-milling Time 1-5h, the grain size prepared are 150 μm -270 μm nanocrystalline, i.e. reinforced phase powder.
4. the preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that
The step of preparation method of the reinforced phase powder（1）In material, used Mg be pure magnesium ingot, Zn is spelter, and Y is
Mg-Y intermediate alloys are Mg-30Y intermediate alloys.
5. the preparation method of long-periodic structure particle reinforced Mg-base/aluminum matrix composite as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that
The step of preparation method of the reinforced phase powder（3）The volume ratio of middle mixed gas is CO2：SF6=100：1.
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