CN112898955A - High temperature high pressure oil-based mud system - Google Patents
High temperature high pressure oil-based mud system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112898955A CN112898955A CN202110056558.1A CN202110056558A CN112898955A CN 112898955 A CN112898955 A CN 112898955A CN 202110056558 A CN202110056558 A CN 202110056558A CN 112898955 A CN112898955 A CN 112898955A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/32—Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
Abstract
The invention discloses high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of base oil, 7-10 parts of calcium chloride brine, 2-6 parts of modified organic soil, 3-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of wetting agent, 3-4 parts of limestone powder, 4-7 parts of filtrate reducer and 350-400 parts of weighting material. According to the invention, through the intercalation reaction of the bentonite and the chitosan, the vinyltriethoxysilane is modified on the bentonite, so that the oil dispersibility, the suspension property and the colloid property of the organic soil in the oil-based mud are improved, and further, the high-temperature resistance and the filtration loss reduction of the oil-based mud are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mud for oil field drilling. More particularly, the present invention relates to a high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system.
Background
The drilling fluid comprises water-based mud and oil-based mud, wherein the oil-based mud is a mud system taking oil as a continuous phase, and compared with the water-based mud, the oil-based mud has good lubricity, thermal stability, formation stability of shale and the like and outstanding oil reservoir protection characteristics, and is gradually and widely applied to the exploitation of drilling large wells, deep wells, complex wells and the like.
The organic soil is used as the most basic oleophilic colloid in the oil-based mud, the organic soil is an indispensable additive in the oil-based mud, and the organic soil can improve the viscosity and the shearing force of the mud and reduce the filtration loss of the oil-based mud. The organic soil in the prior art generally has the technical defects of poor dispersibility and low gelling rate in an oil-based mud system, so that scholars at home and abroad develop a great deal of research on the modification of the organic soil, and long-chain quaternary ammonium salts are mostly adopted to modify the organic soil, but the effect is not ideal, the utilization rate of a modifier is low, the reaction process is complex, the dispersibility and the gelling rate of the organic soil are not obviously improved, and the performance of the oil-based mud can not be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which modifies vinyltriethoxysilane on bentonite through intercalation reaction of bentonite and chitosan to improve oil dispersibility, suspensibility and colloidal properties of organic soil in oil-based mud, thereby improving high temperature resistance and fluid loss reduction of oil-based mud.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a high temperature, high pressure oil-based mud system comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of base oil, 7-10 parts of calcium chloride brine, 2-6 parts of modified organic soil, 3-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of wetting agent, 3-4 parts of limestone powder, 4-7 parts of filtrate reducer and 350-400 parts of weighting material;
the preparation method of the modified organic soil comprises the following steps:
weighing 3-5 parts of chitosan and 0.8-1.2 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane by weight, adding into 50-60 parts of distilled water, uniformly stirring and heating to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 120-150 min under stirring, stopping heating, standing and cooling to room temperature, removing supernatant, collecting first filter residue at the lower part, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain modified chitosan with the particle size of less than 100 nm;
preparing bentonite suspension, adding modified chitosan into the bentonite suspension, heating to 50-60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120-180 min, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, collecting second filter residue, drying the second filter residue, and crushing to obtain the modified organic soil, wherein the particle size of the second filter residue is less than 200 nm; wherein the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the bentonite is 1: 0.2-0.4.
Preferably, the preparation method of the bentonite suspension of the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system comprises the following steps:
weighing 50-80 parts by weight of bentonite, dispersing in water, fully stirring, adding 8-12 parts by weight of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring and reacting at 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min, removing filtrate through centrifugal separation, collecting third filter residue, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified bentonite;
uniformly dispersing the obtained modified bentonite in an acetic acid solution, adding acrylamide and ammonium persulfate into the acetic acid solution, and then stirring and reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 30-60 min to obtain the modified bentonite; the mass ratio of the acrylamide to the ammonium persulfate to the pretreated bentonite is 10-15: 0.1-0.15: 1.
Preferably, in the high-temperature and high-pressure oil-based mud system, the bentonite is subjected to activation treatment before modification, and specifically: mixing bentonite, calcium hydroxide and 8-12% ammonium nitrate solution in a mass ratio of 8-10: 1: 15-20, performing infrared treatment, filtering, collecting fourth filter residue, uniformly dispersing the fourth filter residue in deionized water, storing in a freezer at-17 ℃, taking out after 12-20 hours, thawing, drying, roasting in a muffle furnace at 160-230 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain primary activated bentonite, placing the primary activated bentonite in a plasma activation instrument, and treating with plasma carbon dioxide gas under the pressure of 40-70 Pa for 4-6 minutes to obtain the activated bentonite.
Preferably, the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system comprises the emulsifier which is coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.
Preferably, in the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system, the fluid loss additive is a graft copolymer with humic acid as a skeleton.
Preferably, in the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system, the weighting material has a density of 4.2-4.4 g/cm3The barite of (1).
Preferably, in the high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system, the base oil is mineral oil or white oil.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, vinyltriethoxysilane is adopted to carry out hydrophobic oleophylic modification on chitosan to obtain modified chitosan, the modified chitosan and bentonite are subjected to process intercalation reaction, the bentonite with a layered structure is taken as an intercalation host, the modified chitosan is taken as an intercalation guest, and vinyltriethoxysilane is loaded on the interlamination and the end surface part of the bentonite, so that a channel which is easily infiltrated by oil is formed between the layers of the bentonite, and further, the organic soil shows better oil dispersibility, suspension property and colloid property, the oleophylic property of the organic soil is improved, the oil dispersibility of the organic soil is improved, and the organic soil can be rapidly and more uniformly dispersed in oil-based slurry; meanwhile, the introduction of the modified chitosan improves the high-temperature resistance of the organic soil, so that the high-temperature resistance of the oil-based mud is improved;
the chitosan has good complexing performance, and the modified chitosan is inserted into the bentonite with a layered structure by an intercalation method, so that the vinyltriethoxysilane serving as a modifier is uniformly loaded between layers and on the end face of the bentonite; the chitosan has good film-forming property, can further improve the oil wettability of organic soil, improve the dispersibility of the organic soil in the oil-based mud, further improve the colloid property, finally achieve the aim of improving the viscosity shear force of the mud and play a good role in reducing the filtration loss;
2. modifying bentonite by using a modifying agent cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, replacing a large amount of inorganic ions such as magnesium aluminum and the like between bentonite layers, organizing the bentonite, intercalating alkyl between the bentonite layers to increase the interlayer spacing of the bentonite, then adding acrylamide, and preparing the bentonite/polyacrylamide composite modified bentonite by adopting an in-situ intercalation polymerization mode, wherein the bentonite is uniformly dispersed in a polyacrylamide matrix, thereby providing a precondition for the subsequent graft copolymerization with the modified chitosan;
3. according to the invention, activation treatment is carried out before modification of bentonite, and under the environment of alkaline solution and the auxiliary action of infrared rays, Van der Waals construction in the bentonite intercalation is broken, so that the internal structure of the bentonite becomes looser; further placing the bentonite in a freezing environment to freeze and expand water molecules in the bentonite, further propping open the internal structure of the bentonite intercalation to form a pore structure, fixing the propped pore structure through roasting treatment, volatilizing and removing non-crystalline water in the bentonite, and removing the non-crystalline water to form new pores in the bentonite and further increase the pore area in the bentonite; further carrying out plasma treatment on the bentonite subjected to primary activation, and carrying out high-speed bombardment on the surface of the bentonite by using plasma carbon dioxide gas to form uneven traces on the surface of the bentonite, so that the pore area of the surface of the bentonite is further increased; a series of procedures in the activation treatment greatly increase the active sites of the bentonite, and provide preconditions for the entering of a modifier and chitosan intercalation reaction in the subsequent modification treatment.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
< example 1a >
The invention provides a high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of white oil, 7 parts of calcium chloride brine, 2 parts of modified organic soil, 3 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 1 part of wetting agent, 3 parts of limestone powder, 4 parts of graft copolymer taking humic acid as a framework and 350 parts of weighting material; the weighting material has a density of 4.2g/cm3The barite of (a);
the preparation method of the modified organic soil comprises the following steps:
weighing 3 parts of chitosan and 0.8 part of vinyltriethoxysilane by weight, adding the chitosan and the vinyltriethoxysilane into 50 parts of distilled water, uniformly stirring and heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 120min under stirring, stopping heating, standing and cooling to room temperature, removing supernatant, collecting first filter residue at the lower part, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain modified chitosan with the particle size of less than 100 nm;
preparing bentonite suspension, adding modified chitosan into the bentonite suspension, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120min, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, collecting second filter residue, drying the second filter residue, and crushing to obtain modified organic soil with the particle size of less than 200 nm; wherein the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the bentonite is 1: 0.2.
< example 1b >
The invention provides a high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of mineral oil, 10 parts of calcium chloride brine, 6 parts of modified organic soil, 8 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of limestone powder and 7 parts of humic acidA graft copolymer as a backbone and 400 parts of a weight material; the weighting material has a density of 4.4g/cm3The barite of (a);
the preparation method of the modified organic soil comprises the following steps:
weighing 5 parts of chitosan and 1.2 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane by weight, adding the chitosan and the vinyltriethoxysilane into 60 parts of distilled water, uniformly stirring and heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 150min under stirring, stopping heating, standing and cooling to room temperature, removing supernatant, collecting first filter residue at the lower part, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain modified chitosan with the particle size of less than 100 nm;
preparing bentonite suspension, adding modified chitosan into the bentonite suspension, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 180min, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, collecting second filter residue, drying the second filter residue, and crushing to obtain modified organic soil with the particle size of less than 200 nm; wherein the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the bentonite is 1: 0.4.
< example 1c >
The invention provides a high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of white oil, 9 parts of calcium chloride brine, 4 parts of modified organic soil, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 2 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of limestone powder, 6 parts of graft copolymer taking humic acid as a framework and 375 parts of weighting material; the weighting material has a density of 4.3g/cm3The barite of (a);
the preparation method of the modified organic soil comprises the following steps:
weighing 4 parts of chitosan and 1.0 part of vinyltriethoxysilane by weight, adding into 55 parts of distilled water, uniformly stirring and heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 135min under stirring, stopping heating, standing and cooling to room temperature, removing supernatant, collecting first filter residue at the lower part, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain modified chitosan with the particle size of less than 100 nm;
preparing bentonite suspension, adding modified chitosan into the bentonite suspension, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for reaction for 150min, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, collecting second filter residue, drying the second filter residue, and crushing to obtain modified organic soil with the particle size of less than 200 nm; wherein the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the bentonite is 1: 0.3.
< example 2a >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which is different from the embodiment 1a in that the bentonite suspension is prepared by the following specific method:
weighing 50 parts by weight of bentonite, dispersing in water, fully stirring, adding 8 parts by weight of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring and reacting for 30min at 50 ℃, removing filtrate through centrifugal separation, collecting third filter residue, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified bentonite;
uniformly dispersing the obtained modified bentonite in an acetic acid solution, adding acrylamide and ammonium persulfate into the acetic acid solution, and then stirring and reacting at 70 ℃ for 30min to obtain the modified bentonite; the mass ratio of the acrylamide to the ammonium persulfate to the pretreated bentonite is 10:0.1: 1. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 1 a.
< example 2b >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which is different from the embodiment 1b in that the preparation method of the bentonite suspension comprises the following steps:
weighing 80 parts by weight of bentonite, dispersing in water, fully stirring, adding 12 parts by weight of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring and reacting for 60min at 80 ℃, removing filtrate through centrifugal separation, collecting third filter residue, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified bentonite;
uniformly dispersing the obtained modified bentonite in an acetic acid solution, adding acrylamide and ammonium persulfate into the acetic acid solution, and then stirring and reacting at 80 ℃ for 60min to obtain the modified bentonite; the mass ratio of the acrylamide to the ammonium persulfate to the pretreated bentonite is 15:0.15: 1. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 1 b.
< example 2c >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which differs from example 1c in that the bentonite suspension is prepared by the following specific method:
weighing 65 parts by weight of bentonite, dispersing the bentonite in water, fully stirring, adding 10 parts by weight of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring and reacting for 45min at 65 ℃, removing filtrate through centrifugal separation, collecting third filter residue, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified bentonite;
uniformly dispersing the obtained modified bentonite in an acetic acid solution, adding acrylamide and ammonium persulfate into the acetic acid solution, and then stirring and reacting for 45min at 75 ℃ to obtain the modified bentonite; the mass ratio of the acrylamide to the ammonium persulfate to the pretreated bentonite is 13:0.13: 1. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 1 c.
< example 3a >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which differs from example 2a in that bentonite is subjected to an activation treatment before being modified, specifically: mixing bentonite, calcium hydroxide and 8% ammonium nitrate solution according to the mass ratio of 8:1:15, carrying out infrared treatment, filtering, collecting fourth filter residue, uniformly dispersing the fourth filter residue in deionized water, storing in a freezer at-17 ℃, taking out after 12h, thawing, drying, roasting in a muffle furnace at 160 ℃ for 2h to obtain primary activated bentonite, placing the primary activated bentonite in a plasma activation instrument, and treating with plasma carbon dioxide gas for 4min under the pressure of 40Pa to obtain the product. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 2 a.
< example 3b >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which is different from the embodiment 2b in that the bentonite is activated before being modified, and specifically comprises the following steps: mixing bentonite, calcium hydroxide and 12% ammonium nitrate solution according to a mass ratio of 10:1:20, performing infrared treatment, filtering, collecting fourth filter residue, uniformly dispersing the fourth filter residue in deionized water, storing in a freezer at-17 ℃, taking out after 20h, thawing, drying, roasting in a muffle furnace at 230 ℃ for 4h to obtain primary activated bentonite, placing the primary activated bentonite in a plasma activation instrument, and treating with plasma carbon dioxide gas for 6min under the pressure of 70Pa to obtain the product. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 2 b.
< example 3c >
A high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system, which differs from example 2c in that the bentonite has been subjected to an activation treatment prior to modification, specifically: mixing bentonite, calcium hydroxide and 10% ammonium nitrate solution according to a mass ratio of 9:1:18, performing infrared treatment, filtering, collecting fourth filter residue, uniformly dispersing the fourth filter residue in deionized water, storing in a freezer at-17 ℃, taking out after 16h, thawing, drying, roasting in a muffle furnace at 195 ℃ for 3h to obtain primary activated bentonite, placing the primary activated bentonite in a plasma activation instrument, and treating with plasma carbon dioxide gas for 5min under the pressure of 55Pa to obtain the product. The remaining conditions and parameters were the same as in example 2 c.
< comparative example 1>
A high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75 parts of base oil, 9 parts of calcium chloride brine, 4 parts of organic soil, 6 parts of emulsifier, 2 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of limestone powder, 6 parts of filtrate reducer and 375 parts of weighting material; the weighting material has a density of 4.3g/cm3The barite of (1).
< test example >
Weighing the components according to the proportion of the raw materials, and fully and uniformly mixing the components to obtain the oil-based mud.
The oil-based muds prepared in examples 1c, 2c, 3c and comparative example 1 were subjected to conventional performance tests, the results of which are shown in table 1:
table 1 results of performance testing
Remarking: the method for measuring the gel forming rate comprises the following steps: measuring 100mL of the uniformly mixed oil-based mud by using a measuring cylinder, standing, recording the volume V of the upper oil layer in the measuring cylinder after 90min and 24h respectively, and calculating according to the following calculation formula to obtain the gel forming rate; the calculation formula is f ═ (100-V) × 100%; in the formula, f is the gelling rate/%, and V is the volume of the upper oil layer.
As can be seen from table 1, the oil-based muds prepared in examples 1c to 3c of the present invention have lower viscosity and shear strength, greatly reduced fluid loss, and higher gel formation rate compared to comparative example 1, because the modified organic soil is added in examples 1c to 3c, which improves the dispersibility and colloid property of the organic soil in the oil-based mud, and further achieves the effect of reducing fluid loss; comparing the experimental data of example 1c and example 2c with the experimental data of example 3c, it can be seen that the bentonite subjected to the activating treatment and the pre-modification of the invention can further improve the dispersibility and the colloid property of the organic soil in the oil base.
The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The high-temperature high-pressure oil-based mud system is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of base oil, 7-10 parts of calcium chloride brine, 2-6 parts of modified organic soil, 3-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of limestone powder, 4-7 parts of filtrate reducer and 350-400 parts of weighting material;
the preparation method of the modified organic soil comprises the following steps:
weighing 3-5 parts of chitosan and 0.8-1.2 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane by weight, adding into 50-60 parts of distilled water, uniformly stirring and heating to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 120-150 min under stirring, stopping heating, standing and cooling to room temperature, removing supernatant, collecting first filter residue at the lower part, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain modified chitosan with the particle size of less than 100 nm;
preparing bentonite suspension, adding modified chitosan into the bentonite suspension, heating to 50-60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120-180 min, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, collecting second filter residue, drying the second filter residue, and crushing to obtain the modified organic soil, wherein the particle size of the second filter residue is less than 200 nm; wherein the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the bentonite is 1: 0.2-0.4.
2. The high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 1, wherein the bentonite suspension is prepared by a method comprising:
weighing 50-80 parts by weight of bentonite, dispersing in water, fully stirring, adding 8-12 parts by weight of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring and reacting at 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min, removing filtrate through centrifugal separation, collecting third filter residue, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified bentonite;
uniformly dispersing the obtained modified bentonite in an acetic acid solution, adding acrylamide and ammonium persulfate into the acetic acid solution, and then stirring and reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 30-60 min to obtain the modified bentonite; the mass ratio of the acrylamide to the ammonium persulfate to the pretreated bentonite is 10-15: 0.1-0.15: 1.
3. The high temperature high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 2, wherein the bentonite clay has been subjected to an activation treatment prior to modification, in particular: mixing bentonite, calcium hydroxide and 8-12% ammonium nitrate solution in a mass ratio of 8-10: 1: 15-20, performing infrared treatment, filtering, collecting fourth filter residue, uniformly dispersing the fourth filter residue in deionized water, storing in a freezer at-17 ℃, taking out after 12-20 hours, thawing, drying, roasting in a muffle furnace at 160-230 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain primary activated bentonite, placing the primary activated bentonite in a plasma activation instrument, and treating with plasma carbon dioxide gas under the pressure of 40-70 Pa for 4-6 minutes to obtain the activated bentonite.
4. The high temperature high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.
5. The high temperature high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 1, wherein the fluid loss additive is a graft copolymer having a humic acid backbone.
6. The high temperature and high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 1, wherein the weighting material has a density of 4.2 to 4.4g/cm3The barite of (1).
7. The high temperature, high pressure oil-based mud system of claim 1, wherein the base oil is a mineral oil or a white oil.
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| LI, MEI-CHUN; WU, QINGLIN; SONG, KUNLIN; 等: "pH-Responsive Water-Based Drilling Fluids Containing Bentonite and Chitin Nanocrystals", 《CS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING》 * |
| 杜冠乐; 段凡: "天然高分子在油田钻井液的应用研究", 《石油化工应用》 * |
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| CN112898955B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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