CN112898792A - Agricultural waste composition, product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural waste composition, product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112898792A CN112898792A CN201911222440.0A CN201911222440A CN112898792A CN 112898792 A CN112898792 A CN 112898792A CN 201911222440 A CN201911222440 A CN 201911222440A CN 112898792 A CN112898792 A CN 112898792A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F289/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08F251/00 - C08F287/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2489/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses an agricultural waste composition, an agricultural waste product and a preparation method of the agricultural waste composition, and belongs to the technical field of new materials. The agricultural waste composition comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of plant fibrous waste, 5-10 parts of protein powder and 20-35 parts of soybean protein glue. The urea modified soybean protein glue can also be prepared by the following method: preparing a mixed solution of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride, adding soybean protein isolate, and stirring at 35-45 ℃ for 15-25 min; adding the mixed solution of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite, and stirring for 8-12 min; adding glycidyl methacrylate, and reacting at 35-45 deg.C for 1-1.5 h. The preparation method of the product comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and then carrying out hot press molding at 145-200 ℃ and under the pressure of 200-300t to obtain a semi-finished product; cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product and then coating a protective film; baking at 100-130 deg.C for 30-50 min. The product can be household products, tableware products, office products and the like, agricultural wastes are recycled, harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like are not released in the using process, and the mechanical property and the water resistance are good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to an agricultural waste composition, an agricultural waste product and a preparation method of the agricultural waste composition.
Background
At present, household products, office supplies and the like are made of plastics in a large quantity. However, as awareness of energy saving, environmental protection, and the like increases, alternative materials for plastics are widely researched and applied to the field of new materials.
The plant fibrous waste belongs to agricultural waste. In order to improve the recycling value of agricultural wastes, six departments, namely the department of agriculture, the department of national development and reform Commission, the department of finance, the department of housing urban and rural construction, the department of environmental protection and the department of scientific technology, jointly issue a scheme about promoting the resource utilization trial of the agricultural wastes, and comprehensively utilize the agricultural wastes in various modes, such as fertilizer, feed and the like.
The dosage of household products, office supplies and other products is huge. If the agricultural wastes are reasonably recycled and used for producing household products, office supplies and other products, the agricultural wastes can be used as renewable new materials to replace plastics, are green and environment-friendly, and have huge market potential.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the following steps: provides a product to achieve the effect of realizing the reutilization of agricultural wastes.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an agricultural waste composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of agricultural wastes, 5-10 parts of protein powder and 20-35 parts of soybean protein glue, wherein the agricultural wastes are selected from plant fibrous wastes.
The invention is further configured to: the plant fibrous waste comprises at least one of straw, fruit shell, coffee shell, stump, weed, fallen leaves, vines and branches.
By adopting the scheme, the agricultural waste composition obtained by taking a large amount of agricultural waste as a main raw material and adding a certain amount of soybean protein glue can be used for pressing various household products, tableware products, office products and the like, such as garbage cans, flowerpots, book ends, pen containers, storage racks, trays, bowls, dishes and the like. The method not only can realize reasonable reutilization of a large amount of agricultural wastes, broadens the application of the agricultural wastes and has huge market potential, but also is green and environment-friendly as a renewable new material to replace plastics.
At present, the technology of preparing tableware by using DF thermosetting composite resin as an adhesive to bond bamboo fibers exists, however, the DF thermosetting composite resin can volatilize harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like in the using process, and is not beneficial to the health of people if the DF thermosetting composite resin is used for manufacturing household products, tableware products, office products and other products which are full of daily life of people. The invention adopts the soybean protein glue, does not volatilize harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like, and is very suitable for manufacturing household products, tableware products, office products and the like.
The invention is further configured to: the soybean protein glue is urea modified soybean protein glue, and the preparation method of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a mixed solution of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride, dispersing the isolated soy protein in the mixed solution, heating to 35-45 ℃, and stirring for 15-25 min;
(b) adding the mixed solution of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite into the mixed solution obtained in the step (a), stirring for 8-12min, adding glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35-45 ℃ for 1-1.5h, cooling to obtain,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the mass ratio of the total mass of the urea and the semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of the soybean protein isolate is 1.5-2: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.1-0.3;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.3-0.4: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.006-0.008: 1;
the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the sodium sulfite is 1: 0.3-0.4.
Compared with the better mechanical property and water resistance of the DF thermosetting composite resin, how to further improve the mechanical property and the water resistance of the protein adhesive is a research and development hotspot at present, and is a key point for further improving the mechanical property and the water resistance of the product.
By adopting the scheme, the urea modified soybean protein adhesive disclosed by the invention not only can further improve the mechanical property of a product, but also can remarkably improve the linear expansion rate and the volume expansion rate of the product, so that the water resistance of the product is greatly improved, and the product does not expand when meeting water and has good stability. In addition, the urea modified soybean protein adhesive adopted by the invention does not release harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like, is green and environment-friendly, and is very suitable for manufacturing household products, tableware products, office products and the like.
Experimental data show that the addition of a proper amount of semicarbazide hydrochloride can modify the isolated soy protein together with urea, has a synergistic effect, and compared with the modification of urea alone, the obtained soy protein gel has stronger chemical property and water resistance.
The invention is further configured to: the particle size of the agricultural waste is 30-60 meshes, or 0-30 meshes and 30-60 meshes are mixed.
By adopting the scheme, the particle size of the agricultural wastes is limited, and the adhesion degree of household products, tableware products, office products and other products formed by pressing the agricultural waste composition is better, so that the products have higher impact force and toughness. The particles with 0-30 meshes are added, so that the product can show material texture and has a texture effect.
The invention is further configured to: the coating also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.05-0.06 part of zinc stearate.
By adopting the scheme, zinc stearate with a proper proportion is added, so that when the agricultural waste composition is used for pressing household products, office products and other products, the mobility of the agricultural waste composition in a die cavity can be improved, the possibility of pores in the products is reduced, the structural compactness of the products is improved, and the strength of the products is improved.
The invention is further configured to: the coating also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 0.8 portion of colorant.
By adopting the scheme, household products, office products and the like are full of the daily life of people, the color of the products can be enriched by adding a proper amount of the coloring agent, the life requirements of people are met, and the market benefit is strong.
Object two of the present invention: a preparation method of the product is provided, which comprises the following steps:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and performing hot press molding at 145-200 ℃ and under the pressure of 200-300t to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product;
c, coating a protective film: coating a protective film on the surface of the finished product subjected to surface cleaning treatment; the protective film comprises a saturated polyester resin;
d, baking: and baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 100-130 ℃ for 30-50min to obtain the product.
By adopting the scheme, the hot-press molding parameters and the baking parameters are limited, and experiments prove that the product prepared under the parameters has higher mechanical property and can completely meet the daily requirements. Moreover, the surface of the semi-finished product of the product is coated with the protective film, so that the surface of the semi-finished product can be prevented from contacting with the outside, and the service life of the product is prolonged. The invention can remove dust and the like on the surface of the semi-finished product before the protective film is coated, and can increase the adhesive force between the protective film and the surface of the semi-finished product. Moreover, water or alcohol cleaning is adopted, and ether cleaning agents are not adopted, so that damage to a human body can be reduced.
The invention is further configured to: the protective film also comprises matting powder, and the mass of the matting powder accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the protective film.
The invention is further configured to: the thickness of the protective film is 0.04-0.06 mm.
By adopting the scheme, the matting powder of types such as ultrafine silicon dioxide, talcum powder, aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, low-molecular thermoplastic resin and the like is added into the protective film with a proper thickness, so that the phenomenon of color change of the surface of the product caused by coating the protective film can be weakened, the external color of the product is mainly represented by the natural color of the raw material or the natural color of the coloring agent doped with the raw material, and the product is different from the product made of chemical materials, so that the product of the invention has a unique style of environmental protection and close to nature, and attracts consumers. Meanwhile, the protective film with proper thickness can enhance the water resistance and the service life of the product.
The third purpose of the invention is that: the product prepared by the preparation method comprises household products, tableware products and office products.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, adopt above-mentioned renewable agricultural waste to replace plastics to carry out the production of house goods, tableware goods, office supplies etc. can realize agricultural waste utilization greatly, can the energy saving moreover, green.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a large amount of agricultural wastes as main raw materials to prepare household products, tableware products, office products and other products, thereby realizing reasonable reutilization of the agricultural wastes;
2. the urea modified soybean protein adhesive is adopted as one of the raw materials, and the prepared product has good mechanical property and water resistance, can meet the requirements of household products, tableware products, office products and the like, does not release harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like, and is environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Introducing protein powder, industrial grade, glue industry limited company with abundant water balance;
the soybean protein glue is purchased from Zhengzhou Yikang Wood science and technology Limited;
urea (purity is more than or equal to 99%), semicarbazide hydrochloride (purity is more than or equal to 99%), isolated soy protein, ammonium persulfate (purity is more than or equal to 98%), sodium bisulfite, glycidyl methacrylate (purity is 97%) and zinc stearate are all purchased from national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents, ltd;
saturated polyester resin (model DYNAPOL EP112N), colorant (model iron oxide red 4130) and matting agent (OK412) were purchased from Kay chemical;
DF thermoset composite resins were purchased from allied aminoplast products ltd, deng county.
Example 1
The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of agricultural wastes (rice straws crushed to have the particle size of 60 meshes), 10 parts of protein powder and 35 parts of soybean protein glue;
the preparation method of the product comprises the following steps:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and performing hot press molding at 145 ℃ and under the pressure of 200t to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, performing surface cleaning treatment on the semi-finished product: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product by adopting alcohol;
c, coating a protective film: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product with alcohol, drying, and coating a protective film with the thickness of 0.04mm on the surface of the semi-finished product; the protective film comprises a saturated polyester resin;
d, baking: and (4) baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 130 ℃ for 50min to obtain the product.
Example 2
The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of agricultural wastes (cotton straws crushed to have the particle size of 50 meshes), 7 parts of protein powder and 28 parts of soybean protein glue;
the preparation method of the product comprises the following steps:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and performing hot press molding at 160 ℃ and 250t pressure to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, performing surface cleaning treatment on the semi-finished product: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product by adopting alcohol;
c, coating a protective film: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product with alcohol, drying, and coating a protective film with the thickness of 0.05mm on the surface of the semi-finished product; the protective film comprises saturated polyester resin and matting powder, and the mass of the matting powder accounts for 0.7% of the total mass of the protective film;
d, baking: and baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 120 ℃ for 40min to obtain the product.
Example 3
The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of agricultural wastes (rice hull and straw crushed to 30-mesh particle size), 5 parts of protein powder and 20 parts of soybean protein glue;
the preparation method of the product comprises the following steps:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and performing hot press molding at 200 ℃ and 300t to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, performing surface cleaning treatment on the semi-finished product: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product by adopting alcohol;
c, coating a protective film: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product with alcohol, drying, and coating a protective film with the thickness of 0.06mm on the surface of the semi-finished product; the protective film comprises saturated polyester resin and matting powder, and the mass of the matting powder accounts for 1% of the total mass of the protective film;
d, baking: and (4) baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 100 ℃ for 30min to obtain the product.
Example 4
The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of agricultural wastes (rice straws, the grain size of which is 60 meshes and 10 meshes are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 1), 7 parts of protein powder and 28 parts of soybean protein glue;
the preparation method of the product comprises the following steps:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition, and performing hot press molding at 160 ℃ and 250t pressure to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, performing surface cleaning treatment on the semi-finished product: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product by adopting alcohol;
c, coating a protective film: cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product with alcohol, drying, and coating a protective film with the thickness of 0.05mm on the surface of the semi-finished product; the protective film comprises saturated polyester resin and matting powder, and the mass of the matting powder accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the protective film;
d, baking: and baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 120 ℃ for 40min to obtain the product.
Example 5
An article differing from example 2 in that: the preparation method adopts self-made urea modified soybean protein glue to replace the soybean protein glue purchased in the market, and the preparation of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) dissolving 27.27g urea and 2.73g semicarbazide hydrochloride in 200ml water to obtain a mixed solution, dispersing 20g soybean protein isolate in the mixed solution, heating to 35 ℃, and stirring for 15 min;
(b) dissolving 0.0277g ammonium persulfate and 0.0083g sodium bisulfite in 10ml water, adding into the mixed solution obtained in step (a), stirring for 8min, adding 6g glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35 deg.C for 1h, and cooling to obtain the final product,
the ratio of the total mass of the urea and the semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of the soy protein isolate is 1.5: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.1;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.3: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.006: 1;
the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to sodium sulfite is 1: 0.3.
Example 6
An article differing from example 2 in that: the preparation method adopts self-made urea modified soybean protein glue to replace the soybean protein glue purchased in the market, and the preparation of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) dissolving 28.33g urea and 5.67g semicarbazide hydrochloride in 200ml water to obtain a mixed solution, dispersing 20g soybean protein isolate in the mixed solution, heating to 35 ℃, and stirring for 15 min;
(b) dissolving 0.0363g ammonium persulfate and 0.0127g sodium bisulfite in 10ml water, adding into the mixed solution obtained in step (a), stirring for 8min, adding 7g glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35 deg.C for 1h, and cooling to obtain the final product,
the ratio of the total mass of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of soy protein isolate is 1.7: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.2;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.35: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.007: 1;
the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to sodium sulfite is 1: 0.35.
Example 7
An article differing from example 2 in that: the preparation method adopts self-made urea modified soybean protein glue to replace the soybean protein glue purchased in the market, and the preparation of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) dissolving 30.77g urea and 9.23g semicarbazide hydrochloride in 200ml water to obtain a mixed solution, dispersing 20g soybean protein isolate in the mixed solution, heating to 35 ℃, and stirring for 15 min;
(b) dissolving 0.0457g of ammonium persulfate and 0.0183g of sodium bisulfite in 10ml of water, adding the solution into the mixed solution obtained in the step (a), stirring for 8min, adding 8g of glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to obtain the compound preparation,
the ratio of the total mass of the urea and the semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of the isolated soy protein is 2: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.3;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.4: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.008: 1;
the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to sodium sulfite is 1: 0.4.
Example 8
An article differing from example 2 in that: the preparation method adopts self-made urea modified soybean protein glue to replace the soybean protein glue purchased in the market, and the preparation of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) dissolving 32.38g urea and 1.62g semicarbazide hydrochloride in 200ml water to prepare a mixed solution, dispersing 20g soybean protein isolate in the mixed solution, heating to 35 ℃, and stirring for 15 min;
(b) dissolving 0.0363g ammonium persulfate and 0.0127g sodium bisulfite in 10ml water, adding into the mixed solution obtained in step (a), stirring for 8min, adding 7g glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35 deg.C for 1h, and cooling to obtain the final product,
the ratio of the total mass of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of soy protein isolate is 1.7: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.05;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.35: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.007: 1;
the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to sodium sulfite is 1: 0.35.
Example 9
An article differing from example 2 in that: the preparation method adopts self-made urea modified soybean protein glue to replace the soybean protein glue purchased in the market, and the preparation of the urea modified soybean protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) dissolving 24.29g urea and 9.71g semicarbazide hydrochloride in 200ml water to obtain a mixed solution, dispersing 20g soybean protein isolate in the mixed solution, heating to 35 ℃, and stirring for 15 min;
(b) dissolving 0.0363g ammonium persulfate and 0.0127g sodium bisulfite in 10ml water, adding into the mixed solution obtained in step (a), stirring for 8min, adding 7g glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35 deg.C for 1h, and cooling to obtain the final product,
the ratio of the total mass of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of soy protein isolate is 1.7: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.4;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.35: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.007: 1;
the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to sodium sulfite is 1: 0.35.
Example 10
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 part of colorant.
Example 11
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6 part of colorant.
Example 12
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8 part of colorant.
Example 13
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05 part of zinc stearate.
Example 14
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.055 part of zinc stearate.
Example 15
An article differing from example 2 in that: the agricultural waste composition adopted by the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.06 part of zinc stearate.
Comparative example 1
An article differing from example 6 in that: the semicarbazide hydrochloride was replaced with an equivalent mass of urea.
Comparative example 2
An article, differing from example 2 in that: DF thermosetting composite resin is adopted to replace the soybean protein glue.
Comparative example 3
The product is prepared according to the preparation method of the invention patent example 2 with the publication number of CN102876062B, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
according to the weight portion, 20 portions of industrial gelatin are put into a reaction kettle, 12 times of water is added, and the solution is prepared by heating in water bath at 65 ℃ and dissolving under stirring. Adding 0.5 part of composite modifier into the solution, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring reaction for 2 hours; keeping the temperature and reacting for 4 hours to prepare gelatin adhesive liquid for later use; in the composite modifier, the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent Kh-550 to the zinc chloride to the borax is 1:0.8: 1.2;
putting 15 parts of the crushed 80-mesh cotton straw powder, 0.1 part of pigment iron oxide and 0.01 part of paraffin release agent into a high-speed stirrer, adding 12 parts of the gelatin binder liquid, stirring at a high speed for 25min, and discharging;
and putting the mixed material into a die of a hot press, pressing and molding at 130 ℃ under the pressure of 25MPa, taking out, and polishing corners to obtain the product.
Performance detection
The articles obtained in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to an impact resistance test, and then all the articles were immersed in water at 30 ℃ for 10 days and subjected to an impact resistance test again, and the results of the tests before and after the immersion are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively.
TABLE 1 test results of impact resistance
According to Table 1, the impact resistance of the product obtained in example 2 of the present invention is close to the impact resistance and the water resistance of the product obtained in comparative example 3, and the impact resistance and the water resistance of the product can meet the requirements of the impact resistance and the water resistance of the existing household products, tableware products, office products and the like. The adhesive adopted by the invention is soybean protein adhesive which can not volatilize harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like, and the adhesive adopted by the comparative example 3 is modified industrial gelatin (the industrial gelatin also belongs to a protein product and can not volatilize harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like), namely, the invention provides an alternative technical scheme for the production of household products, office products and the like.
As can be seen from examples 2, 5-7 and comparative example 2, when the urea-modified soybean protein glue provided by the invention is adopted, the obtained product has greatly improved impact resistance and water resistance, which are related to stronger adhesiveness and water resistance of the urea-modified soybean protein glue provided by the invention. Particularly, in examples 5 to 7, the impact resistance and water resistance of the obtained product are more similar to those of the product obtained in comparative example 2 which adopts DF thermosetting composite resin, and because the product which adopts DF thermosetting composite resin can volatilize formaldehyde in the using process, the invention provides a brand new technical scheme and a development direction for obtaining the product which can not volatilize harmful substances such as formaldehyde, melamine and the like. It can further be seen, with continued reference to comparative examples 8, 9 and comparative example 1, that the addition and amount of semicarbazide hydrochloride in the preparation of urea-modified soy protein glue has a significant impact on the impact and water resistance of the final product obtained. The synergistic effect between the urea and the semicarbazide hydrochloride is proved, and the adhesion degree and the water resistance of the urea modified soybean protein glue can be effectively enhanced in a proper range, so that the impact resistance and the water resistance of the product are enhanced.
As can be seen from examples 2 and 10-12, the addition of the colorant has a slight negative effect on the impact resistance and water resistance of the product, but can also meet the requirements of impact resistance and water resistance of the current household products, tableware products, office products and the like, and the addition of the colorant can enrich the color of the product and has strong market benefit.
From examples 2 and 13-15, it can be seen that the addition of a suitable amount of zinc stearate can further enhance the impact resistance and water resistance of the product, which is related to the fact that zinc stearate can improve the flowability of the agricultural waste composition in the mold cavity, reduce the possibility of pores appearing inside the product, and improve the structural compactness of the product.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can modify the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading this specification, but only fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The agricultural waste composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of agricultural wastes, 5-10 parts of protein powder and 20-35 parts of soybean protein glue, wherein the agricultural wastes are selected from plant fibrous wastes.
2. The agricultural waste composition of claim 1, wherein the plant fibrous waste comprises at least one of straw, fruit hulls, coffee hulls, stubble, weeds, deciduous leaves, vines, and branches.
3. The agricultural waste composition of claim 1, wherein the soy protein glue is urea-modified soy protein glue, and the preparation of the urea-modified soy protein glue comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a mixed solution of urea and semicarbazide hydrochloride, dispersing the isolated soy protein in the mixed solution, heating to 35-45 ℃, and stirring for 15-25 min;
(b) adding the mixed solution of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite into the mixed solution obtained in the step (a), stirring for 8-12min, adding glycidyl methacrylate, reacting at 35-45 ℃ for 1-1.5h, cooling to obtain,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the mass ratio of the total mass of the urea and the semicarbazide hydrochloride to the mass of the soybean protein isolate is 1.5-2: 1;
the mass ratio of the urea to the semicarbazide hydrochloride is 1: 0.1-0.3;
the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the isolated soy protein is 0.3-0.4: 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite to the mass of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.006-0.008: 1;
the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the sodium sulfite is 1: 0.3-0.4.
4. The agricultural waste composition of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the agricultural waste is 30-60 meshes, or 0-30 meshes and 30-60 meshes are mixed.
5. The agricultural waste composition of claim 1, wherein: the coating also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.05-0.06 part of zinc stearate.
6. The agricultural waste composition of claim 1, wherein: the coating also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 0.8 portion of colorant.
7. A method for preparing an article, comprising the steps of:
a, hot-press forming: mixing the raw materials of the agricultural waste composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, and then hot-press forming at 145 to 200 ℃ and under 200 to 300t to obtain a semi-finished product;
b, cleaning the surface of the semi-finished product;
c, coating a protective film: coating a protective film on the surface of the finished product subjected to surface cleaning treatment; the protective film comprises a saturated polyester resin;
d, baking: and baking the semi-finished product coated with the protective film at 100-130 ℃ for 30-50min to obtain the product.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the protective film also comprises matting powder, and the mass of the matting powder accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the protective film.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the protective film is 0.04-0.06 mm.
10. An article of manufacture made by the method of any of claims 7-9, wherein: the product comprises household products, tableware products and office products.
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| CN101302410A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2008-11-12 | 江南大学 | Preparation of graft modification protein-based adhesive |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |