CN112895902A - Power distribution system, control method of power distribution system and new energy automobile - Google Patents
Power distribution system, control method of power distribution system and new energy automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112895902A CN112895902A CN202110169166.6A CN202110169166A CN112895902A CN 112895902 A CN112895902 A CN 112895902A CN 202110169166 A CN202110169166 A CN 202110169166A CN 112895902 A CN112895902 A CN 112895902A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a power distribution system, a control method of the power distribution system and a new energy automobile, wherein the power distribution system comprises: a high voltage power distribution device; the high-voltage power distribution device comprises a first high-voltage switch unit, a second high-voltage switch unit and a high-voltage power supply management unit; the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit are connected with the high-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the first high-voltage switch unit is connected with the power battery, the first end of the second high-voltage switch unit is connected with the high-voltage generator, and the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit are connected with the driving motor; the high-voltage power supply management unit is used for sending a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the conduction of the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit; the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by the whole vehicle control unit.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a power distribution system, a control method of the power distribution system and a new energy automobile.
Background
The new energy Vehicle dual-motor Hybrid system is different from the conventional Electric Vehicle (EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), and two high-voltage power supplies, namely a power battery general name and a dual-motor high-voltage generator general name, are provided.
At present, most of high-voltage distribution boxes in the industry are integrated in power battery packs, the electric energy of power batteries is distributed to different power loads of the whole vehicle, and the high-voltage distribution boxes are core components in a high-voltage electrical system. In the process of using the whole vehicle, a BMS (battery management module) can monitor the charging and discharging states of the battery pack in real time, the motor controller can monitor the output voltage and current of the high-voltage generator in real time, and the power battery and the high-voltage generator in the double-motor hybrid system are independently powered on and powered off and cannot support the coordination work of two sets of high-voltage power supply systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a power distribution system, a control method of the power distribution system and a new energy automobile, and aims to solve the problem that the power distribution system in the prior art cannot support the coordination work of two sets of high-voltage power supply systems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power distribution system, including: a high voltage power distribution device; the high-voltage power distribution device comprises a first high-voltage switch unit, a second high-voltage switch unit and a high-voltage power supply management unit;
the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit are respectively connected with the high-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the first high-voltage switch unit is connected with the power battery, the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit is connected with the driving motor, the first end of the second high-voltage switch unit is connected with the high-voltage generator, and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit is connected with the driving motor;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is used for sending a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit to be conducted;
the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by a vehicle control unit; and the whole vehicle control unit is used for sending the driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from a human-computer interface or according to the residual capacity of the power battery.
Optionally, the system further comprises a low-voltage distribution device; the low voltage power distribution device includes: the low-voltage power supply management unit and the low-voltage switch unit;
the control end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the low-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the first end of the low-voltage storage battery, and the second end of the low-voltage switch unit is respectively connected with the power supply end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the power supply end of the second high-voltage switch unit; the second end of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected with the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit;
the low-voltage power supply management unit is used for sending a second switch control signal, and the second switch control signal is generated according to the driving control signal sent by the whole vehicle control unit;
the low-voltage switch unit is used for being conducted according to the second switch control signal so that the low-voltage storage battery provides power for the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit;
the low-voltage power supply management unit is further used for generating a power supply signal to the whole vehicle control unit based on a power shortage signal sent by the battery sensor when the whole vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off state, so that the whole vehicle control unit controls the high-voltage power supply management unit to send the first switch control signal, and then the high-voltage generator or the power battery is used for providing electric energy for the voltage conversion unit, and the low-voltage storage battery is charged.
Optionally, the detection circuit further includes a first voltage detection point, a second voltage detection point, and a third voltage detection point; the first voltage detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second voltage detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the third voltage detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is further used for respectively collecting the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point.
Optionally, the temperature detection device further comprises a first temperature detection point, a second temperature detection point and a third temperature detection point; the first temperature detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second temperature detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the third temperature detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is further used for respectively collecting the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point.
Optionally, the first high voltage switch unit and the second high voltage switch unit each include: high voltage relays, contactors, or insulated gate bipolar transistors.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a new energy vehicle, where the new energy vehicle includes: a human-computer interface, a whole vehicle control unit, a power battery, a high-voltage generator, a driving motor and the power distribution system of the first aspect;
the whole vehicle control unit is respectively connected with the human-computer interface, the high-voltage generator, the power battery and the power distribution system;
the power distribution system is connected with the driving motor.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling a power distribution system, where the method for controlling a power distribution system is implemented by using the power distribution system according to the first aspect, and the method for controlling a power distribution system includes:
in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the high-voltage power supply management unit sends a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit to be conducted; the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by a vehicle control unit; the whole vehicle control unit sends the driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from a human-computer interface or according to the residual capacity of the power battery;
in the running stage of the whole vehicle, when the first high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the power battery breaks down, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the second high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so as to enable the high-voltage generator to supply power to the driving motor; or when the second high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the high-voltage generator breaks down, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the first high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so that the power battery supplies power for the driving motor.
Optionally, the power distribution system further comprises a low-voltage power distribution device; the low voltage power distribution device includes: the low-voltage power supply management unit and the low-voltage switch unit; the control end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the low-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the first end of the low-voltage storage battery, and the second end of the low-voltage switch unit is respectively connected with the power supply end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the power supply end of the second high-voltage switch unit; the second end of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected with the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the low-voltage power supply management unit sends a second switch control signal to the control end of the low-voltage switch unit to control the low-voltage switch unit to be conducted, so that the low-voltage storage battery provides power for the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit; the second switch control signal is generated according to the driving control signal sent by the whole vehicle control unit;
the whole vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off stage, the low-voltage power supply management unit generates a power supply signal to the whole vehicle control unit based on a power shortage signal sent by the battery sensor, so that the whole vehicle control unit controls the high-voltage power supply management unit to send the first switch control signal, and then the high-voltage generator or the power battery provides electric energy for the voltage conversion unit to charge the low-voltage storage battery.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes a first voltage detection point, a second voltage detection point, and a third voltage detection point; the first voltage detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator; the second voltage detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the third voltage detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
in the maintenance stage, the high-voltage power supply management unit respectively collects the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point, and determines to send first alarm information to the vehicle control unit when at least one of the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point exceeds a preset voltage.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes a first temperature detection point, a second temperature detection point, and a third temperature detection point; the first temperature detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator; the second temperature detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the third temperature detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
the high-voltage power supply management unit collects the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point in real time respectively, and determines that when at least one of the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point exceeds a preset temperature, second alarm information is sent to the whole vehicle control unit.
According to the power distribution system, the control method of the power distribution system and the new energy automobile, the high-voltage power distribution device is arranged, and at the starting stage of the whole automobile, the high-voltage power distribution device can select whether the power battery provides energy for a load or the high-voltage generator provides energy according to the residual capacity of the power battery or a high-voltage power supply mode designated by a user; in the running process of the whole vehicle, when one of the power battery or the high-voltage generator breaks down, the high-voltage power distribution device is switched to the other high-voltage power supply unit in time, so that the high-voltage power supply is switched emergently in the running process, and the problem that the power distribution system in the prior art cannot support the coordination work of two sets of high-voltage power supply systems is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, a power distribution system 100 according to the embodiment includes: a high voltage power distribution device 10; the high-voltage power distribution device 10 includes a first high-voltage switch unit 11, a second high-voltage switch unit 12, and a high-voltage power management unit 13; the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12 are respectively connected with the high-voltage power supply management unit 13, the first end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 is connected with the power battery 20, the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 is electrically connected with the driving motor 30, the first end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12 is connected with the high-voltage generator 40, and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12 is connected with the driving motor 30; the high-voltage power management unit 13 is configured to send a first switch control signal to a control end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 or a control end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12, so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit 11 or the second high-voltage switch unit 12 to be turned on; wherein, the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by the vehicle control unit 50; the entire vehicle control unit 50 is configured to send a driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from the human-machine interface 60 or according to the remaining capacity of the power battery 20. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the control method of the power distribution system according to the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using the power distribution system, and as shown in fig. 2, the control method of the power distribution system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
110, in a starting stage of the whole vehicle, the high-voltage power supply management unit sends a first switch control signal to a control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or a control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit to be conducted; the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by a vehicle control unit; and the whole vehicle control unit sends a driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from a human-computer interface or according to the residual capacity of the power battery.
The vehicle control unit 50 monitors the human-computer interface 60, the power battery 20, the high-voltage generator 40 and the high-voltage power management unit 13 in real time. Optionally, the entire vehicle control unit 50, the human-computer interface 60, the power battery 20, the high-voltage generator 40, and the high-voltage power management unit 13 may transmit signals through CAN communication, for example.
The first high voltage switch unit 11 and the second high voltage switch unit 12 may each include, for example, a high voltage relay, a contactor, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), or the like. It should be noted that the first high voltage switch unit 11 and the second high voltage switch unit 12 include, but are not limited to, the above examples, and those skilled in the art can select them according to the integration scheme and location of a specific vehicle type.
Illustratively, a battery management module (BMS) and a motor controller (not shown in fig. 1) are further included in the vehicle, and the BMS CAN monitor the charge and discharge state of the power battery 20 in real time and feed the state back to the vehicle control unit 50 through CAN communication; the motor controller CAN monitor the output voltage and current of the high-voltage generator 40 in real time and feed back the output voltage and current to the vehicle control unit 50 through CAN communication. The entire vehicle control unit 50 selects the high-voltage power supply mode. For example, the power battery 20 is first selected as a high-voltage power supply in the starting stage of the whole vehicle. However, when the battery residual capacity of the power battery 20 is low, or the user designates the high voltage generator 40 through the human-machine interface 60, the entire vehicle control unit 50 selects the high voltage generator 40 as the high voltage power supply in the entire vehicle starting stage. Specifically, when the battery residual capacity of the power battery 20 is large, the entire vehicle control unit 50 may send a driving control signal to the high-voltage power management unit 13 based on this, after the high-voltage power management unit 13 receives the driving control signal, send a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11, the first high-voltage switch unit 11 is turned on, and the power battery 20 provides electric energy for a load, such as the driving motor 30, to complete the power-on function of the entire vehicle high voltage. Or, when the battery residual capacity of the power battery 20 is small, or the human-computer interface 60 designates the high-voltage generator 40 to provide electric energy for the load, at this time, the entire vehicle control unit 50 starts the engine and sends the driving control signal to the high-voltage power management unit 13, after the high-voltage power management unit 13 receives the driving control signal, the high-voltage power management unit 13 sends the first switching control signal to the control end of the second high-voltage switching unit 12, the second high-voltage switching unit 12 is turned on, and the high-voltage generator 40 provides electric energy for the load, thereby completing the power-on function of the entire vehicle high voltage.
Optionally, the high-voltage power management unit 13 selects to close a specific loop and a sequence of the high-voltage switch unit according to a driving control signal sent by the vehicle control unit 50 and a voltage value fed back by a load such as the driving motor 30, and includes precharge control.
That is to say, each high-voltage switch unit is also connected with a switch unit in parallel, and the switch unit is connected with a larger resistor in series, so that the damage of impact current to a load is relieved at the initial stage of the whole vehicle electrification.
120, in the running stage of the whole vehicle, when the first high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the power battery fails, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the second high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so as to enable the high-voltage generator to supply power for the driving motor; or when the second high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the high-voltage generator fails, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the first high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so as to enable the power battery to supply power for the driving motor.
Specifically, during the running process of the whole vehicle, the power battery 20 provides electric energy for the load, and when the power battery 20 fails or the battery residual capacity is insufficient and the like without high-voltage power supply conditions, the BMS reports the information to the high voltage power management unit 13, the high voltage power management unit 13 emergently cuts off the first high voltage switch unit 11 of the fault loop according to the communication message, and reports the switching state of the whole vehicle control unit 50, the whole vehicle control unit 50 starts the substituted high-voltage generator 40 through a communication instruction, meanwhile, a driving control signal is sent to the high voltage power management unit 13, the high voltage power management unit 13 sends a first switch control signal to the second high voltage switch unit 12 based on the driving control signal, so that the second high voltage switch unit 12 is conducted, so that the high voltage generator 40 provides electric energy for the load, and the emergency switching of the high voltage power supply in the forming process is realized. Or, in the running process of the whole vehicle, the high voltage generator 40 provides electric energy for the load, at this time, when the high voltage generator 40 fails and the like does not have a high voltage power supply condition, the motor controller reports the information to the high voltage power management unit 13, the high voltage power management unit 13 emergently cuts off the second high voltage switch unit 12 of the fault loop according to the communication message and reports the switching state of the whole vehicle control unit 50, the whole vehicle control unit 50 starts the alternative power battery 20 through a communication instruction and simultaneously sends a driving control signal to the high voltage power management unit 13, the high voltage power management unit 13 sends a first switch control signal to the first high voltage switch unit 11 based on the driving control signal, so that the first high voltage switch unit 11 is conducted, the power battery 20 provides electric energy for the load, and the emergency switching of the high voltage power supply in the forming process is realized.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention arranges the high-voltage power distribution device, wherein the high-voltage power distribution device comprises a first high-voltage switch unit, a second high-voltage switch unit and a high-voltage power management unit; in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the high-voltage power supply management unit can select whether the power battery provides energy for the load (at the moment, the first high-voltage switch unit is switched on, the second high-voltage switch unit is switched off) or the high-voltage generator provides energy (at the moment, the second high-voltage switch unit is switched on, and the first high-voltage switch unit is switched off) according to the battery residual capacity of the power battery or a high-voltage power supply mode designated by a user; in the running process of the whole vehicle, when one of the power battery or the high-voltage generator breaks down, the high-voltage power distribution device is switched to the other high-voltage power supply unit in time, the high-voltage power distribution device can effectively ensure the connection and disconnection of any high-voltage power supply transmission path, the high-voltage power supply emergency switching in the running process is realized, the two power supply sources are ensured not to interfere with each other and are independent of each other, and the power supply safety of the whole vehicle is improved.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the power distribution system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a low-voltage power distribution device 70; the low-voltage power distribution device 70 includes: a low-voltage power supply management unit 71 and a low-voltage switching unit 72; the control end of the low-voltage switch unit 72 is connected with the low-voltage power supply management unit 71, the first end of the low-voltage switch unit 72 is connected with the first end of the low-voltage storage battery 80, and the second end of the low-voltage switch unit 72 is respectively connected with the power supply end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the power supply end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12; a second end of the low-voltage battery 80 is connected to a first end of the voltage conversion unit 90, and a second end of the voltage conversion unit 90 is connected to a second end of the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and a second end of the second high-voltage switch unit 12, respectively; the low-voltage power management unit 71 is configured to send a second switch control signal, where the second switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by the vehicle control unit 50; the low voltage switch unit 72 is turned on according to the second switch control signal, so that the low voltage battery 80 supplies power to the first high voltage switch unit 11 or the second high voltage switch unit 12; the low-voltage power management unit 71 is further configured to generate a compensation signal to the vehicle control unit 50 based on the power shortage signal sent by the battery sensor 91 when the vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off state, so that the vehicle control unit 50 controls the high-voltage power management unit 13 to send a first switch control signal, and further the high-voltage generator 40 or the power battery 20 provides electric energy for the voltage conversion unit 90 to charge the low-voltage battery 80.
Based on the power distribution system, the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps: in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the low-voltage power supply management unit sends a second switch control signal to the control end of the low-voltage switch unit to control the low-voltage switch unit to be conducted, so that the low-voltage storage battery provides power for the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit; the second switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by the vehicle control unit.
When the whole vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off stage, the low-voltage power supply management unit generates a power-on signal to the whole vehicle control unit based on the power-lack signal sent by the battery sensor, so that the whole vehicle control unit controls the high-voltage power supply management unit to send a first switch control signal, and further the high-voltage generator or the power battery provides electric energy for the voltage conversion unit to charge the low-voltage storage battery. The voltage conversion unit 90 may include, for example, a step-down type DC/DC converter.
The low-voltage switching unit 72 may include, for example, a transistor, a MOS transistor, or the like, and may integrate a unit having a switching function on a circuit board.
Illustratively, in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the low voltage power management unit 71 closes the low voltage switch unit 72 according to the control instruction of the whole vehicle control unit 50, so that the 12V power of the low voltage battery 80 is transmitted to the first high voltage switch unit 11 and the second high voltage switch unit 12, thereby ensuring that the 12V power required by the first high voltage switch unit 11 and the second high voltage switch unit 12 is normally supplied, and meeting the working conditions of the first high voltage switch unit 11 and the second high voltage switch unit 12. Among them, the low voltage power management unit 71 may indirectly control the forced turn-off of the first and second high voltage switching units 11 and 12.
In order to prevent the low-voltage battery from affecting the life when the entire vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off state, such as during key-ON or power-off sleep of the entire vehicle, the low-voltage power management unit 71 periodically monitors the state of the low-voltage battery 80 through the battery sensor 91, and monitors the state of the low-voltage battery 80 reported by the battery sensor 91 through the LIN line, when the battery residual capacity of the low-voltage storage battery 80 is found to be insufficient, the low-voltage power supply management unit 71 sends a high-voltage power supply request to the vehicle control unit 50 through the CAN line, the vehicle control unit 50 selects a proper high-voltage power supply mode according to the states of the power battery, the engine and the high-voltage generator, sends a driving control signal to the high-voltage power supply management unit 13, so that the high voltage power management unit 13 closes the first high voltage switch unit 11 or the second high voltage switch unit 12, and simultaneously starts the voltage conversion unit 90 to supplement power for the low voltage battery 80.
According to the technical scheme, the high-voltage distribution device and the low-voltage distribution device are integrated, so that the problem of high-voltage power supply failure caused by faults of the low-voltage distribution device is reduced. And the low-voltage distribution device can monitor the residual electric quantity of the low-voltage storage battery in real time, and when the low-voltage distribution device is abnormal, the high-voltage power supply transmission path can be closed through the high-voltage distribution device, the voltage conversion unit is coordinated to output 12V, and the service life of the low-voltage storage battery is prolonged.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the power distribution system 100 further includes a first voltage detection point M1, a second voltage detection point M2, and a third voltage detection point M3; the first voltage detection point M1 is located between the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the power battery 20; the second voltage detection point M2 is located between the second ends of the first and second high- voltage switch units 11 and 12 and the driving motor 30; the third voltage detection point M3 is located between the second high voltage switch unit 12 and the high voltage generator 40; the high voltage power management unit 13 is further configured to collect voltages at the first voltage detection point M1, the second voltage detection point M2, and the third voltage detection point M3, respectively.
Based on the power distribution system, the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
in the maintenance stage, the high-voltage power supply management unit respectively collects voltages of a first voltage detection point, a second voltage detection point and a third voltage detection point, and when at least one of the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point exceeds a preset voltage, first alarm information is sent to the whole vehicle control unit.
For example, in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the high-voltage power management unit 13 judges the actual state of the high-voltage switch by collecting the voltage values of the first voltage detection point M1, the second voltage detection point M2 and the third voltage detection point M3, that is, judges whether the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the second high-voltage switch unit 12 have completed the closing action, and reports the closing action to the whole vehicle control unit 50, and at this time, the whole vehicle control unit 50 may determine the power supply on readiness of the high-voltage power supply. When one of the power battery 20 or the high-voltage generator 40 is switched to the other one to supply power to the load in the driving stage of the whole vehicle, similarly, the high-voltage power management unit 13 judges the actual state of the high-voltage switch by collecting the voltage values of the first voltage detection point M1, the second voltage detection point M2 and the third voltage detection point M3, that is, judges whether the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the second high-voltage switch unit 12 have completed the closing action, that is, whether the switching is successful, and reports to the whole vehicle control unit 50, and at this time, the whole vehicle control unit 50 can determine the power supply on readiness of the high-voltage power supply.
In the vehicle maintenance stage, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, the high-voltage loop of the whole vehicle is required to be completely disconnected. After the whole vehicle is normally powered off at high voltage, the power distribution system provided by the embodiment of the invention can monitor the following electrified risks of high-voltage loops in various intervals, such as: the power battery 20 is connected to the high voltage distribution device 10 (the first voltage detection point M1), the high voltage generator 40 is connected to the high voltage distribution device 10 (the third voltage detection point M3), the driving motor 30 is connected to the high voltage distribution device 10, and the voltage conversion unit 90 is connected to the high voltage distribution device 10 (the second voltage detection point M2). When judging that the safety range is exceeded, first alarm information can be sent to the human-computer interface 60, and maintenance personnel are reminded to avoid electric shock accidents.
According to the technical scheme, high-voltage detection is implemented during vehicle maintenance, namely whether a high-voltage electric energy transmission path is electrified or not is effectively judged through a voltage detection point in a high-voltage power distribution device, and if the high-voltage electric energy transmission path is electrified, an alarm can be accurately given through a human-computer interface, so that personnel safety and maintenance efficiency are improved.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 4, the power distribution system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first temperature detection point T1, a second temperature detection point T2, and a third temperature detection point T3; the first temperature detection point T1 is located between the first high-voltage switch unit 11 and the power battery 20; the second temperature detection point T2 is located between the second ends of the first and second high- voltage switch units 11 and 12 and the driving motor 30; the third temperature detection point T3 is located between the second high-voltage switch unit 12 and the high-voltage generator 40; the high-voltage power management unit 13 is further configured to collect temperatures of the first temperature detection point T1, the second temperature detection point T2, and the third temperature detection point T3, respectively.
Based on the power distribution system, the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
the high-voltage power supply management unit collects the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point respectively in real time, and sends second alarm information to the whole vehicle control unit when at least one of the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point exceeds a preset temperature.
For example, the high-voltage power management unit 13 judges whether the power distribution system 100 and the external branch have a risk of thermal runaway by collecting temperature values of the first temperature detection point T1, the second temperature detection point T2, and the third temperature detection point T3, and reports (i.e., sends second alarm information) to the vehicle control unit 50 in time or automatically turns off the corresponding high-voltage switch, thereby further improving the power supply safety of the vehicle.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a new energy automobile. The new energy automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the human-computer interface, an entire automobile control unit, a power battery, a high-voltage generator, a driving motor and a power distribution system, wherein the entire automobile control unit is respectively connected with the human-computer interface, the high-voltage generator, the power battery and the power distribution system; the power distribution system is connected with the driving motor. Therefore, the new energy automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention also has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiment, and details are not repeated herein.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electrical distribution system, comprising: a high voltage power distribution device; the high-voltage power distribution device comprises a first high-voltage switch unit, a second high-voltage switch unit and a high-voltage power supply management unit;
the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit are respectively connected with the high-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the first high-voltage switch unit is connected with the power battery, the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit is connected with the driving motor, the first end of the second high-voltage switch unit is connected with the high-voltage generator, and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit is connected with the driving motor;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is used for sending a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit to be conducted;
the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by a vehicle control unit; and the whole vehicle control unit is used for sending the driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from a human-computer interface or according to the residual capacity of the power battery.
2. The power distribution system of claim 1, further comprising a low voltage power distribution device; the low voltage power distribution device includes: the low-voltage power supply management unit and the low-voltage switch unit;
the control end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the low-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the first end of the low-voltage storage battery, and the second end of the low-voltage switch unit is respectively connected with the power supply end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the power supply end of the second high-voltage switch unit; the second end of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected with the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit;
the low-voltage power supply management unit is used for sending a second switch control signal, and the second switch control signal is generated according to the driving control signal sent by the whole vehicle control unit;
the low-voltage switch unit is used for being conducted according to the second switch control signal so that the low-voltage storage battery provides power for the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit;
the low-voltage power supply management unit is further used for generating a power supply signal to the whole vehicle control unit based on a power shortage signal sent by the battery sensor when the whole vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off state, so that the whole vehicle control unit controls the high-voltage power supply management unit to send the first switch control signal, and then the high-voltage generator or the power battery is used for providing electric energy for the voltage conversion unit, and the low-voltage storage battery is charged.
3. The power distribution system of claim 1, further comprising a first voltage detection point, a second voltage detection point, and a third voltage detection point; the first voltage detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second voltage detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the third voltage detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is further used for respectively collecting the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point.
4. The power distribution system of claim 1, further comprising a first temperature detection point, a second temperature detection point, and a third temperature detection point; the first temperature detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second temperature detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the second temperature detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the high-voltage power supply management unit is further used for respectively collecting the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point.
5. The power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first high voltage switching unit and the second high voltage switching unit each comprise: high voltage relays, contactors, or insulated gate bipolar transistors.
6. A new energy automobile is characterized by comprising: a human-computer interface, a vehicle control unit, a power battery, a high-voltage generator, a driving motor, and the power distribution system of any one of claims 1-5;
the whole vehicle control unit is respectively connected with the human-computer interface, the high-voltage generator, the power battery and the power distribution system;
the power distribution system is connected with the driving motor.
7. A method of controlling a power distribution system, the method being implemented using a power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the high-voltage power supply management unit sends a first switch control signal to the control end of the first high-voltage switch unit or the control end of the second high-voltage switch unit so as to control the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit to be conducted; the first switch control signal is generated according to a driving control signal sent by a vehicle control unit; the whole vehicle control unit sends the driving control signal according to a control instruction acquired from a human-computer interface or according to the residual capacity of the power battery;
in the running stage of the whole vehicle, when the first high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the power battery breaks down, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the second high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so as to enable the high-voltage generator to supply power to the driving motor; or when the second high-voltage switch unit is switched on and the high-voltage generator breaks down, the high-voltage power supply management unit controls the first high-voltage switch unit to be switched on so that the power battery supplies power for the driving motor.
8. The method of controlling an electrical distribution system of claim 7, wherein the electrical distribution system further comprises a low voltage distribution device; the low voltage power distribution device includes: the low-voltage power supply management unit and the low-voltage switch unit; the control end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the low-voltage power supply management unit, the first end of the low-voltage switch unit is connected with the first end of the low-voltage storage battery, and the second end of the low-voltage switch unit is respectively connected with the power supply end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the power supply end of the second high-voltage switch unit; the second end of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected with the second end of the first high-voltage switch unit and the second end of the second high-voltage switch unit;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
in the starting stage of the whole vehicle, the low-voltage power supply management unit sends a second switch control signal to the control end of the low-voltage switch unit to control the low-voltage switch unit to be conducted, so that the low-voltage storage battery provides power for the first high-voltage switch unit or the second high-voltage switch unit; the second switch control signal is generated according to the driving control signal sent by the whole vehicle control unit;
the whole vehicle is in a high-voltage power-off stage, the low-voltage power supply management unit generates a power supply signal to the whole vehicle control unit based on a power shortage signal sent by the battery sensor, so that the whole vehicle control unit controls the high-voltage power supply management unit to send the first switch control signal, and then the high-voltage generator or the power battery provides electric energy for the voltage conversion unit to charge the low-voltage storage battery.
9. The control method of the power distribution system according to claim 7, wherein the power distribution system further comprises a first voltage detection point, a second voltage detection point, and a third voltage detection point; the first voltage detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second voltage detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the third voltage detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
in the maintenance stage, the high-voltage power supply management unit respectively collects the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point, and determines to send first alarm information to the vehicle control unit when at least one of the voltages of the first voltage detection point, the second voltage detection point and the third voltage detection point exceeds a preset voltage.
10. The control method of the power distribution system according to claim 7, wherein the power distribution system further comprises a first temperature detection point, a second temperature detection point, and a third temperature detection point; the first temperature detection point is positioned between the first high-voltage switch unit and the power battery; the second temperature detection point is positioned between the second ends of the first and second high-voltage switch units and the driving motor; the third temperature detection point is positioned between the second high-voltage switch unit and the high-voltage generator;
the control method of the power distribution system further comprises the following steps:
the high-voltage power supply management unit collects the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point in real time respectively, and determines that when at least one of the temperatures of the first temperature detection point, the second temperature detection point and the third temperature detection point exceeds a preset temperature, second alarm information is sent to the whole vehicle control unit.
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| PCT/CN2021/135938 WO2022166364A1 (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-12-07 | Power distribution system, control method for power distribution system, and new energy vehicle |
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| CN115158021A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-11 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Control method and control device for high-voltage electrification of electric automobile and vehicle |
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