CN112893744A - Method for producing hydraulic support column nest and column cap by adopting closed forging die - Google Patents

Method for producing hydraulic support column nest and column cap by adopting closed forging die Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112893744A
CN112893744A CN202110061021.4A CN202110061021A CN112893744A CN 112893744 A CN112893744 A CN 112893744A CN 202110061021 A CN202110061021 A CN 202110061021A CN 112893744 A CN112893744 A CN 112893744A
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China
Prior art keywords
die
cavity
support column
hydraulic support
forging
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CN202110061021.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112893744B (en
Inventor
王瑞
张齐
王铖
梁志宝
张瑞亢
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Shanxi Haogang Heavy Industry Co ltd
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Shanxi Haogang Heavy Industry Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110061021.4A priority Critical patent/CN112893744B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02Dies or mountings therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B21J5/025Closed die forging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a method for producing a hydraulic support column nest and a column cap by adopting a closed forging die, which comprises the following steps: blanking according to the weight of a blank, putting the raw material into a box furnace to be heated to a specified process temperature, using an oil press to forge the heated raw material and remove oxide skin, using a pre-forging device to pre-forge the blank after upsetting, using a final forging device to perform final forging forming, heat treatment, cutter inspection processing and surface treatment on the pre-forged blank. The invention can ensure the stability of product performance, avoid the defects of cast air holes, sand holes, inclusion, cracks, poor surface quality and the like, ensure the surface smoothness and the size requirement of the side surface and the upper plane of the workpiece, can be used without machining again, and reduce the machining working hours.

Description

Method for producing hydraulic support column nest and column cap by adopting closed forging die
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a method for producing a hydraulic support column nest and a column cap by adopting a closed forging die.
Background
In the prior art, the production mode of the hydraulic support column nest is mainly casting, the casting process is unstable, air holes, sand holes, impurities, cracks, poor surface quality and the like in casting defects seriously influence the service performance of products, the processing amount of the surface of a workpiece is increased, and raw materials are seriously wasted; the second mode is to use open die forging (with burr forging) to manufacture the product, the process improves the internal structure of the product, improves the service performance and the process stability of the product, but the side surface of the workpiece needs to increase the draft, the processing amount of the outer side surface of the workpiece is increased, the raw materials of the workpiece are increased, the processing working hours are increased, and the production cost is increased.
Both processes increase the consumption of raw materials, production processes and working hours, and thus there is a need for improvement of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the column cap by adopting the closed forging die is small in machining allowance and high in machining efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for producing a hydraulic support column socket and a column cap by adopting a closed forging die comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking according to the weight of the blank;
s2, putting the raw materials into a box furnace and heating to a specified process temperature;
s3, forging and roughing the heated raw materials and removing oxide skin by using an oil press;
s4, using a pre-forging device to pre-forge the blank after upsetting, wherein the pre-forging device comprises an upper punch, a lower backing plate and a cavity, the length and width of the cavity are the same as the size of the finished product, the lower backing plate is arranged in the cavity, the upper punch is a square block with the same size as the cross section of the cavity, the blank is placed in the pre-forging device, and the upper punch moves downwards and is matched with the cavity to manufacture the blank into a square blank with the same length and width as the workpiece;
s5, performing finish forging forming on the square blank obtained in the step S4 by using finish forging equipment, wherein an ejection device is arranged below a lower backing plate of the finish forging equipment, ejecting the prefabricated square blank by an ejection device of the preforging equipment, putting the prefabricated square blank into a finish forging closed cavity of the finish forging equipment by using an operating machine, the finish forging equipment comprises a lower workbench, a lower die, an upper die and an upper sliding block, wherein the upper end of the lower workbench is provided with a lower die base, the lower die is arranged at the upper end of the lower die base, the middle part of the lower die is provided with a lower die cavity, a lower tray is arranged in the lower die cavity, the lower end of the upper sliding block is provided with an upper die base, the lower end of the upper die base is provided with an upper die fixing plate, the upper die is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the upper die fixing plate, the upper die corresponds to the lower die cavity in position, the upper die is driven to move downwards by the upper sliding block, so that the upper die and the lower die are assembled, and a workpiece is formed by a finish forging closed die cavity consisting of the upper die, the lower die and the lower tray;
and S6, performing heat treatment, wherein an ejection device is arranged below a lower tray of the finish forging equipment, and the formed workpiece is taken out through the ejection device and enters a heat treatment process.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and S7, performing tool detection processing on the bottom surface of the workpiece.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and S8, performing surface treatment, namely performing surface treatment on the workpiece through a shot blasting process.
Further, in S2, the box furnace is a natural gas furnace or an intermediate frequency induction furnace.
Further, in the S2, the process temperature is set to be 1200-1250 ℃.
Furthermore, a first through hole is formed in the middle of the lower workbench, a second through hole is formed in the middle of the lower die base, the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxially arranged and communicated with the lower die cavity, and the ejection end of the ejection device sequentially penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole.
Further, the up end of top shoe is provided with the location spout, the spout section that sets up including vertical setting put into the section and level in the location spout, spout section upper end is provided with the stop block along spout section length direction, be provided with the counter sink on the upper die base, counter sink lower extreme and spout section intercommunication pass through bolt fixed connection between location spout and the counter sink.
Furthermore, the upper end face of the lower workbench and the lower end face of the lower die holder are correspondingly provided with rectangular key grooves, and positioning keys are arranged in the rectangular key grooves.
Furthermore, the upper die is provided with a weight reducing block cavity I and a weight reducing block cavity II, the weight reducing block cavity I and the weight reducing block cavity II are both provided with draft angles, and the height of the weight reducing block cavity I is greater than that of the weight reducing block cavity II; the upper end face of the lower tray is provided with a ball socket cavity I, and the upper end face of the lower tray is provided with a slope and used for final forging of the column socket.
Furthermore, the upper die is provided with a ball socket die cavity II, and lug die cavities are arranged on two sides of the ball socket die cavity II; and the lower die is provided with a weight reducing block cavity III for final forging of the column cap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the production process can ensure the stability of product performance, avoid the defects of cast air holes, sand holes, inclusion, cracks, poor surface quality and the like, ensure the surface smoothness and size requirements of the side surface and the upper plane of the workpiece, can be used without machining again, and reduce the machining working hours.
2. The invention reasonably distributes the metal volume by utilizing the closed die cavity, overcomes the phenomenon of wasting raw materials in the prior art, reduces the production cost, shortens the production period and has stable production process.
3. The forging integral strength is superior to that of a casting, and the product structure can be designed in a light weight mode under the requirement of the same strength, so that the product structure is light, materials are saved, the weight is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
The following will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail through the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the raw material structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upsetting of the feedstock;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the preforging apparatus;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the preforging apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pre-forged workpiece;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a column socket finish forging device;
FIG. 7(A) is an upper die of the column socket finish forging apparatus;
FIG. 7(B) is a lower die of the socket finish forging apparatus;
FIG. 7(C) is a schematic view of a socket finish forged workpiece;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a cap final forging apparatus;
FIG. 9(A) is an upper die of the cap finish forging apparatus;
FIG. 9(B) is a lower die of the cap final forging apparatus;
FIG. 9(C) is a schematic view of a cap finish forged workpiece;
in the figure: 1-lower table, 11-first through hole, 13-rectangular key groove, 14-upper punch, 15-lower backing plate, 16-cavity, 2-lower die I, 21-lower die cavity, 22-lower tray I, 221-ball-and-socket die cavity I, 23-weight-reducing block die cavity III, 3-upper die I, 31-weight-reducing block die cavity I, 32-weight-reducing block die cavity II, 33-ball-and-socket die cavity II, 34-lug die cavity, 4-upper slide, 41-positioning slide groove, 411-placing section, 412-slide groove section, 413-stop block, 5-lower die seat, 51-second through hole, 6-upper die seat, 61-counter hole, 7-upper die fixing plate, 8-ejection device, 91-upper die II, 92-upper die II, 93-lower tray II.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, a method for producing a hydraulic support socket and a hydraulic support cap by using a closed forging die comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking according to the weight of the blank;
s2, putting the raw materials into a box-type furnace to be heated to a specified process temperature, wherein the box-type furnace can adopt a natural gas furnace or an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and the specified process temperature is 1200-1250 ℃;
s3, forging and roughing the heated raw materials and removing oxide skin by using an oil press;
s4, pre-forging the blank after upsetting by using pre-forging equipment, wherein the pre-forging equipment comprises an upper punch 14, a lower backing plate 15 and a cavity 16, the length and width of the cavity 16 are the same as the size of a finished product, the lower backing plate 15 is arranged in the cavity 16, the upper punch 14 is a square block with the same size as the cross section of the cavity 16, the blank is placed into the pre-forging equipment, and the upper punch 14 moves downwards to be matched with the cavity 16 to make the blank into a square blank with the same length and width as the workpiece;
s5, performing finish forging forming on the square blank obtained in the step S4 by using finish forging equipment, wherein an ejection device 8 is arranged below a lower backing plate 15 of the finish forging equipment, the prefabricated square blank is ejected out by the ejection device 8 of the finish forging equipment, an operating machine is used for placing the prefabricated square blank into a finish forging closed cavity of the finish forging equipment, an upper die is driven to move downwards by an upper slide block 4, the upper die and a lower die are closed, and a workpiece is formed by the finish forging closed cavity formed by the upper die, the lower die and a lower tray;
and S6, performing heat treatment, wherein an ejection device 8 is arranged below the lower tray 22 of the finish forging equipment, and the formed workpiece is taken out through the ejection device 8 and enters a heat treatment process.
And S7, performing tool detection processing on the bottom surface of the workpiece.
And S8, performing surface treatment, namely performing surface treatment on the workpiece through a shot blasting process.
The pre-forging equipment and the finish forging equipment both comprise a lower workbench 1, an upper sliding block 4 and an ejection device 8, the upper end of the lower workbench 1 is provided with a lower die holder 5, the lower end of the upper sliding block 4 is provided with an upper die holder 6, the lower end of the upper die holder 6 is provided with an upper die fixing plate 7, the middle part of the lower workbench 1 is provided with a first through hole 11, the middle part of the lower die holder 5 is provided with a second through hole 51, the first through hole 11 is coaxially arranged with the second through hole 51 and communicated with the lower die cavity 21, and the ejection end of the ejection device 8 sequentially penetrates through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 51.
The upper end face of the upper slide block 4 is provided with a positioning chute 41, the positioning chute 41 comprises a vertically arranged placing section 411 and a horizontally arranged chute section 412, the upper end of the chute section 412 is provided with a stop block 413 along the length direction of the chute section, the upper mold base 6 is provided with a counter bore 61, the lower end of the counter bore 61 is communicated with the chute section 412, and the positioning chute 41 is fixedly connected with the counter bore 61 through a bolt.
The upper end face of the lower workbench 1 and the lower end face of the lower die holder 5 are correspondingly provided with rectangular key grooves 13, and positioning keys are arranged in the rectangular key grooves 13.
The difference between the preforging equipment and the finish forging equipment is only characterized in that: the pre-forging device is provided with an upper punch 14, a lower backing plate 15 and a cavity 16, wherein the upper punch 14 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of an upper die fixing plate 7 of the pre-forging device, the cavity 16 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a lower die holder 5 of the pre-forging device, and the lower backing plate 15 is arranged in the cavity 16; the corresponding structure of the finish forging equipment comprises an upper die, a lower die and a lower tray; the upper die is fixedly arranged at the lower end of an upper die fixing plate of the finish forging equipment, the lower die is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a lower die seat of the finish forging equipment, and the lower tray is arranged in the lower die.
The difference characteristics of the column socket finish forging equipment and the column cap finish forging equipment are only that the upper die, the lower die and the lower tray are different in structure.
An upper die I2 of the column socket finish forging equipment is provided with a weight reducing die cavity I31 and a weight reducing die cavity II 32, the weight reducing die cavity I31 and the weight reducing die cavity II 32 are both provided with a die drawing inclination, and the height of the weight reducing die cavity I31 is larger than that of the weight reducing die cavity II 32; the upper end face of lower tray I22 is provided with ball socket die cavity I221, the upper end face of lower tray I22 is provided with the slope.
An upper die II 91 of the column cap finish forging equipment is provided with a ball socket die cavity II 33, and lug die cavities 34 are arranged on two sides of the ball socket die cavity II 33; and a weight reducing block cavity III 23 is arranged on a lower tray II 93 of the column cap finish forging equipment, and a lower cavity of the lower die II 92 is a stepped hole with a large upper part and a small lower part.
The upper die punch of the finish forging equipment has inclination, and the side surface of the lower die is a straight surface, so that the friction force of the lower die is greater than that of the upper die when a workpiece is discharged from the die, and the workpiece is prevented from being stuck to the upper die to influence the next working procedure.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for producing a hydraulic support column nest and a column cap by adopting a closed forging die is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking according to the weight of the blank;
s2, putting the raw materials into a box furnace and heating to a specified process temperature;
s3, forging and roughing the heated raw materials and removing oxide skin by using an oil press;
s4, using a pre-forging device to pre-forge the blank after upsetting, wherein the pre-forging device comprises an upper punch (14), a lower backing plate (15) and a cavity (16), the length and width of the cavity (16) are the same as the size of a finished product, the lower backing plate (15) is arranged in the cavity (16), the upper punch (14) is a square block with the same size as the cross section of the cavity (16), placing the blank into the pre-forging device, and the upper punch (14) moves downwards to be matched with the cavity (16) to make the blank into a square blank with the same length and width as the workpiece;
s5, performing finish forging forming on the square blank obtained in the step S4 by using finish forging equipment, wherein an ejection device (8) is arranged below a lower backing plate (15) of the pre-forging equipment, the pre-manufactured square blank is ejected out through the ejection device (8) of the pre-forging equipment, the pre-manufactured square blank is placed into a finish forging closed cavity of the finish forging equipment by using an operating machine, the finish forging equipment comprises a lower workbench (1), a lower die, an upper die and an upper sliding block (4), a lower die base (5) is arranged at the upper end of the lower workbench (1), the lower die is arranged at the upper end of the lower die base (5), a lower die cavity (21) is arranged in the middle of the lower die, a lower tray is arranged in the lower die cavity (21), an upper die base (6) is arranged at the lower end of the upper sliding block (4), an upper die fixing plate (7) is arranged at the lower end of the upper die base (6), the upper, the upper die is driven to move downwards by the upper sliding block (4), so that the upper die and the lower die are assembled, and a workpiece is formed by a finish forging closed die cavity consisting of the upper die, the lower die and the lower tray;
and S6, performing heat treatment, wherein an ejection device (8) is arranged below a lower tray of the finish forging equipment, and the formed workpiece is taken out through the ejection device (8) and enters a heat treatment process.
2. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: further comprising: and S7, performing tool detection processing on the bottom surface of the workpiece.
3. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: further comprising: and S8, performing surface treatment, namely performing surface treatment on the workpiece through a shot blasting process.
4. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the box-type furnace is a natural gas furnace or a medium-frequency induction furnace.
5. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the S2, the process temperature is regulated to be 1200-1250 ℃.
6. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the middle part of the lower workbench (1) is provided with a first through hole (11), the middle part of the lower die holder (5) is provided with a second through hole (51), the first through hole (11) is coaxially arranged with the second through hole (51) and communicated with the lower die cavity (21), and the ejection end of the ejection device (8) sequentially penetrates through the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (51).
7. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the up end of top shoe (4) is provided with location spout (41), spout (41) are including putting into section (411) and the spout section (412) that the level set up of vertical setting, spout section (412) upper end is provided with stop block (413) along spout section length direction, be provided with counter sink (61) on upper die base (6), counter sink (61) lower extreme is linked together with spout section (412), passes through bolt fixed connection between location spout (41) and counter sink (61).
8. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper end face of the lower workbench (1) and the lower end face of the lower die holder (5) are correspondingly provided with rectangular key grooves (13), and positioning keys are arranged in the rectangular key grooves (13).
9. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper die is provided with a weight reducing cavity I (31) and a weight reducing cavity II (32), the weight reducing cavity I (31) and the weight reducing cavity II (32) are both provided with a die drawing inclination, and the height of the weight reducing cavity I (31) is greater than that of the weight reducing cavity II (32); the upper end face of lower tray is provided with ball socket die cavity I (221), the upper end face of lower tray is provided with the slope.
10. The method for producing the hydraulic support column socket and the hydraulic support column cap by adopting the closed forging die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper die is provided with a ball socket die cavity II (33), lug die cavities (34) are arranged on two sides of the ball socket die cavity II (33), and the lower die is provided with a weight reducing die cavity III (23).
CN202110061021.4A 2021-01-18 2021-01-18 Method for producing hydraulic support column nest and column cap by adopting closed forging die Active CN112893744B (en)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101091978A (en) * 2007-07-18 2007-12-26 山东大学 New technique for forging bracket of back axle of automobile
CN203197183U (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-09-18 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 Precision forging die of suspension stub shaft
CN103785786A (en) * 2014-01-26 2014-05-14 山西豪钢锻造有限公司 Method for producing mining chain wheel integrally forged in closed mode
CN105834348A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-10 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Method for forging workblank of transmission disc of locomotive
CN208437593U (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-01-29 邓州市良机锻压设备制造有限公司 A kind of ring flange forging and molding mold
CN209773348U (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-12-13 金马工业集团股份有限公司 hot forging device
CN209867244U (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-12-31 林州重机铸锻有限公司 Column cap forging die for large-scale coal mine hydraulic support
CN211758290U (en) * 2020-02-09 2020-10-27 山西豪钢重工股份有限公司 Cylinder bottom mould structure
CN112059091A (en) * 2020-10-10 2020-12-11 山东大学 Disc type aluminum alloy automobile hub forging die structure and forging method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101091978A (en) * 2007-07-18 2007-12-26 山东大学 New technique for forging bracket of back axle of automobile
CN203197183U (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-09-18 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 Precision forging die of suspension stub shaft
CN103785786A (en) * 2014-01-26 2014-05-14 山西豪钢锻造有限公司 Method for producing mining chain wheel integrally forged in closed mode
CN105834348A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-10 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Method for forging workblank of transmission disc of locomotive
CN208437593U (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-01-29 邓州市良机锻压设备制造有限公司 A kind of ring flange forging and molding mold
CN209773348U (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-12-13 金马工业集团股份有限公司 hot forging device
CN209867244U (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-12-31 林州重机铸锻有限公司 Column cap forging die for large-scale coal mine hydraulic support
CN211758290U (en) * 2020-02-09 2020-10-27 山西豪钢重工股份有限公司 Cylinder bottom mould structure
CN112059091A (en) * 2020-10-10 2020-12-11 山东大学 Disc type aluminum alloy automobile hub forging die structure and forging method

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