CN110538958A - Pin shaft step forging forming die and pin shaft step machining method - Google Patents
Pin shaft step forging forming die and pin shaft step machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110538958A CN110538958A CN201910935301.6A CN201910935301A CN110538958A CN 110538958 A CN110538958 A CN 110538958A CN 201910935301 A CN201910935301 A CN 201910935301A CN 110538958 A CN110538958 A CN 110538958A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/10—Making machine elements axles or shafts of cylindrical form
Abstract
The invention discloses a pin roll step forging forming die, which relates to the field of pin roll step forging forming and comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper template and an upper die core; an upper die cavity with an upward opening is formed in the lower die core, and the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are matched for placing a processing workpiece; two L-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in the tops of the two side walls of the lower die cavity, and the openings of the L-shaped grooves face the inner cavity of the lower die cavity. The die is used for directly forging and forming the middle step part of the pin shaft by adopting the die after heating; the material utilization rate is high; the processes of tempering and milling are omitted, labor and energy costs are saved, and economic benefits are obvious. The invention also discloses a pin shaft step processing method, which adopts the die local middle-frequency induction heating and die forging molding. And the material is saved, and meanwhile, the machining time and cost are saved.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of pin shaft step processing, and particularly relates to the field of pin shaft step processing dies.
background
the pin shaft is a standard fastener, can be statically and fixedly connected and can also be relatively moved by a connecting piece, is mainly used for the hinged position of two parts to form a hinged connection, is usually used for locking a split pin, and has reliable work and convenient disassembly. The pin shaft is generally designed to be that the rear end of the same pin shaft is provided with a section of step with the outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the whole pin shaft, which is beneficial to pin shaft positioning. By using the traditional pin shaft step forging method, steps are generated by turning, the utilization rate of steel is low, and the machining allowance is large; the total material cost and the processing cost of the finished product are high.
Chinese patent cn201821196350.x discloses an automatic cutout machine for step hinge axle includes the workstation, cutting device is installed to the top of workstation, install the dovetail spout of arranging along vertical direction on the workstation, cutting device installs in dovetail spout, is connected with fixed turn round on the cutting device, fixed turn round is connected with the activity through the connecting rod and turns round, the activity is turned round and is connected with the rocker along the horizontal direction, the end connection of rocker has the direction head, direction head sliding connection has eccentric runner, be connected with eccentric column on the eccentric runner, has seted up hollow spout on the rocker, installs the carriage in the hollow spout, carriage fixedly connected with slider base. Although the efficiency of round pin axle step processing has been improved through the problem of above-mentioned artifical unloading, the device still adopts and cuts the round pin axle blank and form the step in the traditional approach, produces a large amount of steel crushed aggregates in the cutting process, and the steel interest rate is low, and the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in the processing of the pin shaft steps, the pin shaft blank is directly cut to form the steps, a large amount of crushed steel materials are generated in the cutting process, the steel material utilization rate is low, and the processing cost is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A pin shaft step forging forming die comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die plate and an upper die core, the upper die core is arranged below the upper die plate, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die plate and a lower die core, and the lower die core is arranged above the lower die plate;
an upper die cavity with a downward opening is formed in the upper die core; a lower die cavity with an upward opening is formed in the lower die core, and the center line of the upper die cavity is superposed with the vertical center line of the lower die cavity; the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are matched for placing a workpiece to be machined, and the sum of the heights of the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity is smaller than the height of the workpiece;
Two L-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in the tops of the two side walls of the lower die cavity, the openings of the L-shaped grooves face the inner cavity of the lower die cavity, and the central connecting line of the two L-shaped grooves is larger than the diameter of the lower die cavity.
When a mould is used for processing steps of the pin shaft, firstly, an upper mould component and a lower mould component are installed on a press machine, the central line of an upper mould cavity is enabled to be coincident with the central line of a lower mould cavity during installation, then, the part of the pin shaft needing to be processed into the steps is heated, the pin shaft is firstly placed in the lower mould cavity after heating is finished, the part of the pin shaft needing to be processed into the steps is located in an L-shaped groove, the press machine is started at the moment, a punching machine drives the upper mould component to slide, so that the top end of the pin shaft enters the upper mould cavity, the upper mould component continues to slide, downward pressure is applied to the top end of the pin shaft, the hardness is low due to the fact that the processed part of the pin shaft is heated at high temperature, the pin shaft is easy to compress and deform, the pin shaft extends to the L-. After compression is finished and cooling forming is carried out, the machine tool slides backwards, the machine tool slide block returns, the upper die assembly is separated from the workpiece, the pin shaft machined in the lower die cavity is taken out, the casting procedure is completed, and step forming machining is carried out on the pin shaft continuously according to the principle.
The method is characterized in that a mold is adopted for direct forging forming after heating a middle step part (including milling flattening) of a pin shaft; the material utilization rate is high; the processes of tempering and milling are omitted, labor and energy costs are saved, and economic benefits are obvious.
further, the upper die core comprises an upper die core I and an upper die core II, the upper die core I and the upper die core II are symmetrically arranged below the upper die plate, and an upper die cavity with a downward opening is formed between the upper die core I and the upper die core II;
the lower die core comprises a first lower die core and a second lower die core, the first lower die core and the second lower die core are symmetrically arranged below the lower die plate, a lower die cavity with an upward opening is formed between the first lower die core and the second lower die core, and L-shaped grooves are formed in the upper end face of the inner side wall of the first lower die core and the upper end face of the inner side wall of the second lower die core.
This device assembles the mould chamber that is used for placing the round pin axle through using two sets of mold cores, offers the mould chamber before comparing on the mold core, and the operation is simpler, and the mold core that is used for assembling is only through the size in distance control mould chamber between two mold cores moreover, and mold core itself keeps accomplishing, can reuse.
Furthermore, a material returning fixing plate is arranged between the lower template and the lower die core, a first through hole is formed in the material returning fixing plate, a second through hole is formed in the lower template, the aperture of the second through hole is smaller than that of the first through hole, and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole;
a material returning rod is arranged in the first through hole and the second through hole, the top end of the material returning rod penetrates through the bottom of the lower mold core and extends upwards to the bottom of the lower mold cavity, and the material returning rod can move up and down in the lower mold cavity;
the material returning rod is provided with a limiting lug, the limiting lug is positioned at the bottom of the first through hole, and the length of the lug is greater than the aperture of the second through hole and smaller than the aperture of the first through hole.
Due to the action of the limiting lug, the material returning rod cannot directly fall to the outside of the second through hole under the action of gravity, but the limiting lug limits the upper part, located on the limiting lug, of the material returning rod to the first through hole, the part, located below the limiting lug, of the material returning rod is located in the through hole, the bottom end of the material returning rod extends to the outside of the lower template, the pin shaft is pushed out when the material returning rod can move upwards, and meanwhile, the material returning rod is guaranteed not to fall downwards to influence the processing of the pin shaft.
Specifically, when the pin roll machining device is used, the machine tool slides backwards when the pin roll step machining is finished, the machine tool returns to the original position, the upper die assembly is separated from a workpiece, the pin roll machined in the lower die cavity needs to be taken out, the machined pin roll does not need to be removed from the upper end of the upper die cavity, the material returning rod only needs to be pushed to move upwards, the pin roll is pushed out under the action of the upward thrust of the material returning rod, and the operation is simple.
Further, the material returning rod comprises a material returning rod I and a material returning rod II, wherein the top end of the material returning rod extends to the bottom of the lower die cavity, the bottom end of the material returning rod is located at the bottom of the through hole, the top end of the material returning rod is connected with the bottom end of the material returning rod, the bottom end of the material returning rod penetrates through the through hole II and extends to the outside of the lower die, the bottom end of the material returning rod is provided with a limiting convex block, and the top end of the material returning rod is connected into the limiting convex block through threads.
Through dividing the material returned pole into two sections, when needs use the mould to process the round pin axle, install material returned pole two to material returned pole one through threaded connection on, when the round pin axle was not processed to the mould, can dismantle the material returned pole, reduce the occupation space of mould, prevent simultaneously that the material returned pole from extending to the outside part of lower bolster by external environment corruption.
furthermore, the central line of the first through hole, the central line of the second through hole and the central line of the lower die cavity are overlapped.
furthermore, an upper guide hole is formed in the upper template, a lower guide hole is formed in the lower template, guide posts are connected in the upper guide hole and the lower guide hole, the top end of each guide post is arranged in the upper guide hole, the bottom end of each guide post is arranged in the lower guide hole, and each guide post is of a telescopic structure.
Through being equipped with the guide post in last membrane module and lower membrane module bilateral symmetry, when the pressure machine promoted to go up the membrane module and slided, restriction mould subassembly's the route of sliding, mode mould subassembly slides the route and has the deviation, causes the mould to produce the deviation to round pin axle effect extrusion force to influence the shaping effect of step.
Further, the outer cover of last mold core is equipped with the upper fixed plate that is used for fixed mold core, upper fixed plate passes through the screw and connects to the upper die plate the outer cover of lower mold core is equipped with the lower mould fixed plate that is used for fixed mold core down, the lower mould fixed plate passes through screwed connection to the lower bolster on.
Furthermore, a coaxial lower die outer pre-stressed ring is arranged outside the lower die core, the lower die outer pre-stressed ring and the lower die core are fastened together in an interference fit manner, and the lower die outer pre-stressed ring is arranged around the lower die core; the lower die fixing plate is sleeved outside the lower die outer prestressed ring, the bottom end of the lower die fixing plate is installed on the lower die plate through a screw, and the top end of the lower die fixing plate is installed on the lower die outer prestressed ring through a screw.
The invention also discloses a pin shaft step processing method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively assembling an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly;
(2) Selecting a tonnage press machine, fixing an upper die assembly on an upper table top of the press machine, and fixing a lower die assembly on a lower table top of the press machine to ensure that the central lines of the upper die assembly and the lower die assembly are superposed;
(4) Starting a medium-frequency power supply, setting the heating temperature to be about 900 ℃, and putting the processed part of the pin shaft blank into an induction coil for heating;
(5) after the heating of the workpiece processing part is finished, the heated workpiece is placed into a lower die cavity, a press machine is started, a machine tool slides to drive an upper die assembly to move downwards, the upper die assembly pushes the upper end of the workpiece to press downwards, the workpiece heating part is pressed and deformed in the lower die cavity, and the middle step and the milling size are formed;
(6) Returning the machine tool slide block, releasing the upper die assembly from the workpiece, taking out the workpiece in the lower die cavity by using a material returning rod, and finishing the casting procedure;
(7) And cooling, cleaning the die, repeating the action of the machine tool, and forging the next piece.
Furthermore, the length of the medium-frequency power supply induction coil is 1.5-2 times of the length of the pin shaft step, and the aperture of the medium-frequency power supply induction coil is 1-1.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the pin shaft blank.
the length and the aperture of the induction coil are matched with the length of the pin shaft step and the diameter of the blank so as to ensure the optimal heating effect and prevent the hot forging forming from being influenced by overburning or underheating. The hole diameter of the induction coil is 1-1.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the blank, and the peripheral gap is required to be uniform when the blank is heated; the length of the induction coil is designed according to 1.5-2 times of the length of the step, so that the steps of the pin shaft and the milling flat size are fully forged and formed, and the outline is clear.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method is characterized in that a mold is adopted for direct forging forming after heating a middle step part (including milling flattening) of a pin shaft; the material utilization rate is high; the processes of tempering and milling are omitted, labor and energy costs are saved, and economic benefits are obvious.
(2) this device assembles the mould chamber that is used for placing the round pin axle through using two sets of mold cores, offers the mould chamber before comparing on the mold core, and the operation is simpler, and the mold core that is used for assembling is only through the size in distance control mould chamber between two mold cores moreover, and mold core itself keeps accomplishing, can reuse.
(3) The pin shaft step processing method adopts die local intermediate frequency induction heating and die forging forming. The material is saved, the machining time and cost are saved, and the mechanical property of the product can be improved by forging.
drawings
the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pin shaft step in the die before extrusion begins;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pin roll step in the mold after extrusion molding;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an unprocessed pin blank;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a machined stepped pin structure;
Labeled as: 1-an upper die assembly; 11-upper template; 111-upper guide holes; 12-upper mold core; 121-upper mold core one; 122-upper mold core II; 13-upper mold cavity; 14-an upper die fixing plate; 2-lower membrane module; 21-a lower template; 211-via two; 212-lower pilot hole; 22-lower mold core; 221-lower die core one; 222-lower die core II; 23-lower mold cavity; 231-L shaped grooves; 24-material returning fixing plate; 241-a first through hole; 25-a material returning rod; 251-a limit bump; 252-a material returning rod I; 253-a material returning rod II; 26-lower die fixing plate; 27-a lower die external prestressed ring; 3-a guide post.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
in the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the connection can be mechanical connection or circuit connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
as shown in fig. 1, a pin shaft step forging forming die comprises an upper die assembly 1 and a lower die assembly 2;
the upper die assembly 1 comprises an upper die plate 11 and an upper die core 12, and the upper die core 12 is fixedly arranged below the upper die plate 11;
the lower die assembly 2 comprises a lower die plate 21 and a lower die core 22, and the lower die core 22 is fixedly arranged above the lower die plate 2 of the lower die plate 21;
An upper die cavity 13 with a downward opening is arranged on the upper die core 12; a lower die cavity 23 with an upward opening is formed in the lower die core 22, and the central line of the upper die cavity 13 is superposed with the vertical central line of the lower die cavity 23; the upper die cavity 13 and the lower die cavity 23 are matched for placing a processing workpiece, and the sum of the heights of the upper die cavity 13 and the lower die cavity 23 is less than the height of the workpiece;
Two L-shaped grooves 231 are symmetrically formed in the tops of the two side walls of the lower die cavity 23, the openings of the L-shaped grooves 231 face the inner cavity of the lower die cavity 23, and the central connecting line of the two L-shaped grooves 231 is larger than the diameter of the lower die cavity 23.
as shown in fig. 2 and 4, when a die is used for processing steps of a pin shaft, firstly, an upper die assembly 1 and a lower die assembly 2 are installed on a press machine, the central line of an upper die cavity 13 is ensured to be coincident with the central line of a lower die cavity 23 during installation, then, the part of the pin shaft which needs to be processed into the steps is heated, after the heating is finished, the pin shaft is firstly placed in the lower die cavity 23, the part of the pin shaft which needs to be processed into the steps is positioned at an L-shaped groove, at the moment, the press machine is started, the press machine drives the upper die assembly 1 to slide, so that the top end of the pin shaft enters a hole of the upper die cavity 13, the upper die assembly 1 continues to slide, downward pressure is applied to the top end of the pin shaft, as the part of the pin shaft which is processed at high temperature is low in hardness and easy to compress and deform, the pin shaft extends to the L-shaped groove, and forming the middle step and milling the flat size. After compression is finished and cooling forming is carried out, the machine tool slides backwards, the machine tool slide block returns, the upper die assembly 1 is separated from the workpiece, the pin shaft machined in the lower die cavity 23 is taken out, a casting procedure is completed, and step forming machining is carried out on the pin shaft continuously according to the principle.
the method is characterized in that a mold is adopted for direct forging forming after heating a middle step part (including milling flattening) of a pin shaft; the material utilization rate is high; the processes of tempering and milling are omitted, labor and energy costs are saved, and economic benefits are obvious.
example 2
On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the upper mold core 12 includes a first upper mold core 121 and a second upper mold core 122, the first upper mold core 121 and the second upper mold core 122 are symmetrically installed below the upper mold plate 11, and an upper mold cavity 13 with a downward opening is formed between the first upper mold core 121 and the second upper mold core 122;
The lower mold core 22 comprises a first lower mold core 221 and a second lower mold core 222, the first lower mold core 221 and the second lower mold core 222 are symmetrically installed below the lower mold plate 21, a lower mold cavity 23 with an upward opening is formed between the first lower mold core 221 and the second lower mold core 222, and L-shaped grooves 231 are formed in the upper end surface of the inner side wall of the first lower mold core 221 and the upper end surface of the inner side wall of the second lower mold core 222.
when the device is installed, the distance between the upper mold core I121 and the upper mold core II 122 and the distance between the lower mold core 221 and the lower mold core 221 are controlled according to the thickness of the pin shaft, so that the upper mold cavity 13 with a proper pore size and the lower mold cavity 23 with a proper pore size are assembled.
This device assembles the mould chamber that is used for placing the round pin axle through using two sets of mold cores, offers the mould chamber before comparing on the mold core, and the operation is simpler, and the mold core that is used for assembling is only through the size in distance control mould chamber between two mold cores moreover, and mold core itself keeps accomplishing, can reuse.
Example 3
on the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, a material returning fixing plate 24 is arranged between the lower template 21 and the lower die core 22, a first through hole 241 is arranged in the material returning fixing plate 24, a second through hole 211 is arranged in the lower template 21, the aperture of the second through hole 211 is smaller than that of the first through hole 241, and the first through hole 241 is communicated with the second through hole 211;
a material returning rod 25 is arranged in the first through hole 241 and the second through hole 211, the top end of the material returning rod 25 penetrates through the bottom of the lower die core and extends upwards to the bottom of the lower die cavity 23, and the material returning rod 25 can move up and down in the lower die cavity 23;
The material returning rod 25 is provided with a limiting bump 251, the limiting bump 251 is positioned at the bottom of the first through hole 241, and the length of the limiting bump 251 is greater than the aperture of the second through hole 211 and smaller than the aperture of the first through hole 241.
During specific installation, firstly, the material returning fixing plate 24 is installed on the lower die plate 21, the material returning rod 25 is placed into the first through hole 241, the lower end portion of the material returning rod extends downwards to the second through hole 211, the bottom end of the material returning rod extends to the outside of the lower die plate 21, then the lower die core 22 is installed on the upper portion of the material returning fixing plate 24, the top end of the material returning rod 251 is ensured to extend to the bottom of the lower die cavity 23, the material returning rod 251 is pushed upwards, and the material returning rod 251 can move up and down in the lower die cavity 23.
due to the action of the limiting bump 251, the material returning rod 25 cannot directly fall to the outside of the second through hole 211 due to the action of gravity, the limiting bump 251 limits the upper part, located on the limiting bump 251, of the material returning rod 25 to the first through hole 241, the part, located below the limiting bump 251, of the material returning rod 25 is located in the through hole 211, the bottom end of the material returning rod 25 extends to the outside of the lower template 21, and when the material returning rod 251 is guaranteed to move upwards, the pin shaft is pushed out, and meanwhile, the material returning rod 25 is guaranteed not to fall downwards to affect the processing of the pin shaft.
Specifically, when the pin roll step machining is finished, the machine tool slides backwards, the machine tool slide block returns, the upper die assembly 1 is separated from a workpiece, the pin roll machined in the lower die cavity 23 needs to be taken out, the machined pin roll does not need to be removed from the upper end of the upper die cavity 23 at the moment, the material returning rod 25 only needs to be pushed to move upwards, and the pin roll is pushed out under the upward thrust action of the material returning rod 25, so that the operation is simple.
Furthermore, the material returning rod 25 comprises a first material returning rod 252 and a second material returning rod 253, the top end of the first material returning rod 251 extends to the bottom of the lower die cavity 23, the bottom end of the first material returning rod 252 is located at the bottom of the first through hole 241, the top end of the second material returning rod 253 is connected with the bottom end of the first material returning rod 252, the bottom end of the second material returning rod 253 penetrates through the second through hole 211 to extend to the outside of the lower die, a limiting bump 251 is arranged at the bottom end of the first material returning rod 252, and the top end of the second material returning rod 253 is connected into the limiting bump 251 through.
Through dividing material returned pole 25 into two sections, when needs use the mould to process the round pin axle, install material returned pole two 253 to material returned pole one 251 through threaded connection on, when the mould does not process the round pin axle, can dismantle material returned pole 253, reduce the occupation space of mould, prevent simultaneously that material returned pole 253 from extending to the outside part of lower bolster 21 by external environment corruption.
During installation, the center line of the first through hole 241, the center line of the second through hole 211 and the center line of the lower die cavity 23 are coincident, the center point of the pin shaft is abutted to the bottom of the material returning rod 25 during processing, and stability of the pin shaft in a die is facilitated during step forming of the pin shaft.
Example 4
as shown in fig. 1, the upper template 11 is provided with an upper guide hole 111, the lower template 21 is provided with a lower guide hole 212, the upper guide hole 111 and the lower guide hole 212 are connected with a guide post 3, the top end of the upper guide hole 111 is installed at the top end of the guide post 3, the bottom end of the guide post 3 is installed at the bottom end of the lower guide hole 212, and the guide post 3 is of a telescopic structure.
Through being equipped with guide post 3 in last mould subassembly 1 and 2 bilateral symmetry of lower mould subassembly, when mould subassembly 1 slided in the push of press, restriction mould subassembly's the route of sliding, mode mould subassembly slides the route and has the deviation, causes the mould to produce the deviation to round pin axle effect extrusion force to influence the shaping effect of step.
An upper mold fixing plate 14 for fixing the upper mold core 11 is sleeved outside the upper mold core 12, the upper mold fixing plate 14 is fixed on the upper mold plate 11 through screws, a lower mold fixing plate 26 for fixing the lower mold core 22 is sleeved outside the lower mold core 22, and the lower mold fixing plate 26 is mounted on the lower mold plate 21 through screws.
further, a coaxial lower die outer pre-stress ring 27 is arranged outside the lower die core 22, the lower die outer pre-stress ring 27 and the lower die core 22 are fastened together in an interference fit manner, and the lower die outer pre-stress ring 27 is arranged around the lower die core 22; the lower die fixing plate 26 is sleeved outside the lower die outer prestressed ring 27, the bottom end of the lower die fixing plate 26 is mounted on the lower die plate 21 through a screw, and the top end of the lower die fixing plate 27 is mounted on the lower die outer prestressed ring 27 through a screw. The lower die outer prestressed ring 27 is arranged outside the lower die core 22, so that the strength of the lower die can be enhanced, and the extrusion resistance of the lower die is improved.
When the mould is used for specifically processing the steps of the pin shaft, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively assembling an upper die assembly 1 and a lower die assembly 2 according to the structure of the figure 1;
(2) Selecting a tonnage press machine, fixing an upper die assembly on an upper table top of the press machine, and fixing a lower die assembly on a lower table top of the press machine to ensure that the central lines of the upper die assembly and the lower die assembly are superposed;
(4) Starting a medium-frequency power supply, setting the heating temperature to be about 900 ℃, and putting the processed part of the pin shaft blank into an induction coil for heating;
(5) after the processing part of the workpiece is heated, the heated workpiece is placed into a lower die cavity, a press machine is started, a machine tool slides to drive an upper die assembly 1 to move downwards, the upper die assembly 1 pushes the upper end of the workpiece to press downwards, the heating part of the workpiece is pressed and deformed in a lower die cavity 23, and the middle step and the milling size are formed;
(6) Returning the machine tool slide block, releasing the upper die assembly 1 from the workpiece, taking out the workpiece in the lower die cavity 23 by using a material returning rod 25, and finishing the casting procedure;
(7) And cooling, cleaning the die, repeating the action of the machine tool, and forging the next piece.
the invention adopts a hot die forging process to directly form the middle step part (including milling flat) of the pin shaft; meanwhile, the machining allowance of the forged blank of the thin shaft at the two ends is uniform, and the material utilization rate is high; the processes of tempering and milling are omitted, labor and energy costs are saved, and economic benefits are obvious.
The method is adopted for forging the pin shaft steps, round steel is adopted as the material, the blanking length is 245mm, the weight is about 2.18Kg, the weight is reduced by 2.94-2.18 to 0.76Kg compared with the traditional process, and the material is saved by about 25%; the middle step and the mill flat of the pin shaft are formed by die local intermediate frequency induction heating and die forging. The material is saved, the machining time and cost are saved, and the mechanical performance of the product can be improved by forging;
the method for processing the pin shaft step adopts the medium-frequency power supply induction coil suitable for forging heating to heat, and the length and the aperture of the induction coil are matched with the length of the pin shaft step and the diameter of a blank, so that the optimal heating effect is ensured, and the hot forging forming is prevented from being influenced by overburning or underheating. The hole diameter of the induction coil is 1-1.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the blank, and the peripheral gap is required to be uniform when the blank is heated; the length of the induction coil is designed according to 1.5-2 times of the length of the step, so that the steps of the pin shaft and the milling flat size are fully forged and formed, and the outline is clear.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the pin shaft step forging forming die comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, and is characterized in that the upper die assembly comprises an upper die plate and an upper die core, the upper die core is arranged below the upper die plate, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die plate and a lower die core, and the lower die core is arranged above the lower die plate;
An upper die cavity with a downward opening is formed in the upper die core; a lower die cavity with an upward opening is formed in the lower die core, and the center line of the upper die cavity is superposed with the vertical center line of the lower die cavity; the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are matched for placing a workpiece to be machined, and the sum of the heights of the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity is smaller than the height of the workpiece;
Two L-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in the tops of the two side walls of the lower die cavity, the openings of the L-shaped grooves face the inner cavity of the lower die cavity, and the central connecting line of the two L-shaped grooves is larger than the diameter of the lower die cavity.
2. the pin roll step forging forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper die core comprises a first upper die core and a second upper die core, the first upper die core and the second upper die core are symmetrically arranged below the upper die plate, and an upper die cavity with a downward opening is formed between the first upper die core and the second upper die core;
the lower die core comprises a first lower die core and a second lower die core, the first lower die core and the second lower die core are symmetrically arranged below the lower die plate, a lower die cavity with an upward opening is formed between the first lower die core and the second lower die core, and L-shaped grooves are formed in the upper end face of the inner side wall of the first lower die core and the upper end face of the inner side wall of the second lower die core.
3. the forging and forming die for the pin shaft step as claimed in claim 1, wherein a material returning fixing plate is arranged between the lower die plate and the lower die core, a first through hole is formed in the material returning fixing plate, a second through hole is formed in the lower die plate, the aperture of the second through hole is smaller than that of the first through hole, and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole;
a material returning rod is arranged in the first through hole and the second through hole, the top end of the material returning rod penetrates through the bottom of the lower mold core and extends upwards to the bottom of the lower mold cavity, and the material returning rod can move up and down in the lower mold cavity;
The material returning rod is provided with a limiting lug, the limiting lug is positioned at the bottom of the first through hole, and the length of the lug is greater than the aperture of the second through hole and smaller than the aperture of the first through hole.
4. The forging and forming die for the pin shaft step as claimed in claim 3, wherein the material returning rod comprises a first material returning rod and a second material returning rod, the top end of the first material returning rod extends to the bottom of the lower die cavity, the bottom end of the first material returning rod is located at the bottom of the first through hole, the top end of the second material returning rod is connected with the bottom end of the first material returning rod, the bottom end of the second material returning rod penetrates through the second through hole and extends to the outside of the lower die, a limiting convex block is arranged at the bottom end of the first material returning rod, and the top end of the second material returning rod is connected into the limiting convex block through threads.
5. The forging and forming die for pin shaft steps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the center line of the first through hole, the center line of the second through hole and the center line of the lower die cavity are coincident.
6. the forging and forming die for the pin shaft step as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper guide hole is formed in the upper die plate, a lower guide hole is formed in the lower die plate, guide posts are connected in the upper guide hole and the lower guide hole, the top ends of the guide posts are arranged in the upper guide hole, the bottom ends of the guide posts are arranged in the lower guide hole, and the guide posts are of a telescopic structure.
7. The forging and forming die for the pin roll step as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper die fixing plate for fixing the upper die core is sleeved outside the upper die core, the upper die fixing plate is connected to the upper die plate through screws, a lower die fixing plate for fixing the lower die core is sleeved outside the lower die core, and the lower die fixing plate is connected to the lower die plate through screws.
8. The pin roll step forging forming die of claim 7, wherein a coaxial lower die outer pre-stressed ring is arranged outside the lower die core, the lower die outer pre-stressed ring and the lower die core are fastened together through interference fit, and the lower die outer pre-stressed ring is arranged around the lower die core; the lower die fixing plate is sleeved outside the lower die outer prestressed ring, the bottom end of the lower die fixing plate is installed on the lower die plate through a screw, and the top end of the lower die fixing plate is installed on the lower die outer prestressed ring through a screw.
9. a processing method for processing pin shaft steps by using the pin shaft step forging forming die as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps
(1) respectively assembling an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly;
(2) Selecting a tonnage press machine, fixing an upper die assembly on an upper table top of the press machine, and fixing a lower die assembly on a lower table top of the press machine to ensure that the central lines of the upper die assembly and the lower die assembly are superposed;
(4) starting a medium-frequency power supply, setting the heating temperature to be 900 ℃, and putting the processed part of the pin shaft blank into an induction coil for heating;
(5) after the heating of the workpiece processing part is finished, the heated workpiece is placed into a lower die cavity, a press machine is started, a machine tool slides to drive an upper die assembly to move downwards, the upper die assembly pushes the upper end of the workpiece to press downwards, the workpiece heating part is pressed and deformed in the lower die cavity, and the middle step and the milling size are formed;
(6) Returning the machine tool slide block, releasing the upper die assembly from the workpiece, taking out the workpiece in the lower die cavity by using a material returning rod, and finishing the casting procedure;
(7) And cooling, cleaning the die, repeating the action of the machine tool, and forging the next piece.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the length of the if power inductor in step (4) is 1.5-2 times the length of the pin step, and the aperture of the if power inductor is 1-1.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the pin blank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910935301.6A CN110538958A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Pin shaft step forging forming die and pin shaft step machining method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910935301.6A CN110538958A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Pin shaft step forging forming die and pin shaft step machining method |
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| CN110538958A true CN110538958A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| CN201910935301.6A Pending CN110538958A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Pin shaft step forging forming die and pin shaft step machining method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111014561A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 金马工业集团股份有限公司 | Combined embedded die for producing sector gear shaft |
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| CN210754921U (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-06-16 | 安庆市兴业精工机械有限公司 | Pin shaft step forging forming die |
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| DE3235115A1 (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1983-05-11 | Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo | FORGING METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLANGE SHAFT |
| CN201728321U (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-02-02 | 宁波锐泰机械制造有限公司 | Extrusion upsetting mold |
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| CN105195658A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Hot upsetting die and upper die thereof |
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| CN111014561A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 金马工业集团股份有限公司 | Combined embedded die for producing sector gear shaft |
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