CN112893520B - Wood platform structure optimization method based on tinned plate package - Google Patents
Wood platform structure optimization method based on tinned plate package Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000014466 Douglas bleu Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000001416 Pseudotsuga menziesii Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005386 Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000003604 Dillenia indica Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000006528 Dillenia indica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 description 17
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001453380 Burkholderia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/02—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling by rollers
Abstract
The invention discloses a wood platform structure optimization method based on a tinned plate package. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a wood platform material with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform, obtaining structural parameters of the skid and working conditions of the board-wrapped wood bracket, calculating stress data of the wood platform according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wood bracket, obtaining allowable strength of the selected wood platform material, calculating bending resistance safety factor, shearing resistance safety factor and maximum shearing stress safety factor according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform respectively, comparing each safety factor with the safety factor of the selected wood platform material respectively, judging whether the selected wood platform material can meet the use requirement of the wood platform, and adopting the wood platform material meeting the use requirement of the wood platform to carry out wood platform structure optimization. By adopting the method, the weight of the wood-wrapping table for the tin-plated plate can be greatly reduced, and unnecessary resource waste of the tin-plated plate in the production and transportation process can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wood bench optimization, in particular to a wood bench structure optimization method based on a tinned plate package.
Background
In recent years, with the improvement of the quality of life of people, the demand of people for commodities is greatly increased, and the production capacity of the tinned and chromeplated product is gradually increased every year as a main component of the food packaging industry. The number of tinned plates to be produced and transported in the steel production industry every year is quite large, however, the tinned plate package bracket used at present is composed of a plywood panel and a dillenia indica base, and the weight of the tinned plate package bracket is large due to the high tissue density of dillenia indica materials. In the manual handling process, too much weight of the tinned sheet wrapping bracket can lead to higher labor intensity of workers, so that the labor cost is increased, and meanwhile, in the tinned sheet hoisting and transporting process, the excessively heavy sheet wrapping bracket can lead to the increase of the danger coefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wood platform structure optimization method based on a tinned plate package, which can greatly reduce the weight of the wood platform of the tinned plate package and reduce unnecessary resource waste of tinned plates in the production and transportation processes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method for optimizing a wooden platform structure based on a tinned plate package comprises the following steps:
selecting a wood platform material with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform;
obtaining structural parameters of the skid and working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket;
calculating stress data of the wooden platform according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wooden bracket;
obtaining the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material;
respectively calculating an anti-bending safety coefficient, a shearing safety coefficient and a maximum shearing stress safety coefficient according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform;
acquiring the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material;
judging whether the bending resistance safety coefficient, the shearing resistance safety coefficient and the maximum shearing stress safety coefficient are all greater than the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material, if so, enabling the selected wood platform material to meet the use requirement of the wood platform;
and adopting a wood platform material meeting the use requirement of the wood platform to optimize the structure of the wood platform.
Optionally, the selecting of the wood bench material with the purpose of reducing the weight of the wood bench specifically includes:
acquiring wood parameters of each wood platform material to be selected; the wood parameters include wood density and wood texture;
and comparing the wood parameters of the wood platform materials to be selected with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform, and selecting the wood platform material with the minimum density and the maximum tissue structure similarity with the dillenia indica from the wood platform materials to be selected.
Optionally, the selected wood platform material is douglas fir.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the stress data of the wooden platform comprises the shear stress at the cantilever of the skid, the bending stress and the maximum shear stress of the skid;
the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material comprises allowable bending strength, allowable shearing strength and maximum allowable shearing stress strength.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the stress data of the wooden platform is calculated according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wooden bracket, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the shear stress at the cantilever of the skid and the bending stress borne by the skid according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket;
calculating the maximum shear stress according to the shear stress at the skid cantilever and the bending stress borne by the skid;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
calculating the shear stress at the skid cantilever according to the following formula:
the bending stress of the skid is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum shear stress is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, τbRepresenting shear stress at the skids cantilever, qb2The uniform load borne by the filler of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is shown, i represents the overhanging length of the filler, b represents the width of the filler, h represents the height of the overhanging beam of the filler, and Fb2Indicating the load to which the lower surface of a single skid is subjected, L2Indicates the length of the lower surface of the skid, GaDenotes the weight of the steel sheet, GbRepresenting the weight of the wooden pallet, n representing the number of skids, σbwIndicates the bending stress, sigma, to which the skid is subjectedrmaxDenotes the maximum shear stress, σbwmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the bending stress, tau, to which the skid is subjectedbmaxThe maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever is shown.
Optionally, the bending resistance safety factor, the shearing resistance safety factor and the maximum shearing stress safety factor are respectively calculated according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the ratio of the allowable bending strength to the maximum value of the bending stress borne by the skid as a bending safety factor;
determining the ratio of the allowable shear strength to the maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever as a shear safety coefficient;
and determining the ratio of the maximum allowable shearing stress strength to the maximum shearing stress as a maximum shearing stress safety factor.
Optionally, the adoption satisfies the wooden platform material of wooden platform user demand and carries out wooden platform structural optimization, specifically includes:
acquiring the upper limit value of the size of the skid and the width-height ratio of the size of the skid;
determining the width-to-height ratio of the skid according to the size of the skid;
and comparing the width-height ratio of the skid with the upper limit value, and adjusting the size of the skid exceeding the upper limit value to obtain the size of the skid smaller than the upper limit value.
Optionally, the adoption satisfies the wooden platform material of wooden platform user demand and carries out wooden platform structural optimization, still includes:
and adjusting the distance between the skid and the wood platform wing part to be a preset distance.
Optionally, the upper limit value is 1.5, and the preset distance is 100 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for optimizing a wooden platform structure based on a tinned plate package, which aims to reduce the weight of the wooden platform, select a wooden platform material, obtain structural parameters of a skid and working conditions of a plate package wooden bracket, calculating the stress data of the wood platform according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wood bracket to obtain the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material, the bending resistance safety factor, the shearing resistance safety factor and the maximum shearing stress safety factor are respectively calculated according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform, the safety factors are respectively compared with the safety factors of the selected wood platform material, whether the selected wood platform material can meet the use requirement of the wood platform is judged, the wood platform material meeting the use requirement of the wood platform is adopted to carry out wood platform structure optimization, the weight of the wood platform wrapped by the tinned plate can be greatly reduced, and unnecessary resource waste of the tinned plate in the production and transportation process is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing a wooden platform structure based on a tinned plate package in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a 700X 700mm wooden pallet according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a 700X 700mm wooden pallet according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a 1230mm by 1230mm wooden pallet of a third embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a 1230mm by 1230mm wooden pallet of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a wood platform structure optimization method based on a tinned plate package, which can greatly reduce the weight of the wood platform of the tinned plate package and reduce unnecessary resource waste of tinned plates in the production and transportation processes.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing a wooden platform structure based on a tinned plate package in an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for optimizing the wooden platform structure based on the tinned plate package comprises the following steps:
step 101: selecting the wood platform material with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform.
A) According to the subjects and the organizational structure of the dillenia indica, wood species with similar or not similar physical and mechanical properties to the wood are analyzed, and parameters of the actual working environment of the wooden bracket are collected.
A1) Wood parameters: collecting the performance parameters of the wood which are similar to the tissue characteristics of the dillenia indica and have little difference in physical and mechanical properties, wherein the performance parameters mainly comprise the parameters of wood density, tissue structure and the like.
A2) The actual working environment of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is as follows: the main parameters collected included the steel sheet weight GaAnd the number of steel plates.
B) By comparing the performance characteristics of several common woods, a more appropriate wood material is selected with the aim of reducing the weight of the wooden platform to the maximum extent.
Selecting proper wood as the material of the novel wood platform according to the parameters collected in the step A, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
B1) by comparing the performances of different woods such as density and the like, the substitute material of the board-wood wrapped table is selected on the premise of reducing the weight of the bracket and simultaneously ensuring the use requirement of the board-wood wrapped table.
B2) Based on the comparison of the use defects and the organizational structure of the wood, on the premise of reducing the weight of the bracket and simultaneously ensuring the use requirements of the wooden platform, the alternative materials for selecting the wooden platform are finally determined.
Step 102: and acquiring structural parameters of the skid and working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket, and calculating stress data of the wood platform according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket. The stress data of the wooden platform comprises the shear stress at the cantilever of the skid, the bending stress and the maximum shear stress of the skid.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
calculating the shear stress at the skid cantilever according to the following formula:
the bending stress of the skid is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum shear stress is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, τbRepresenting shear stress at the skids cantilever, qb2The uniform load borne by the filler of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is shown, i represents the overhanging length of the filler, b represents the width of the filler, h represents the height of the overhanging beam of the filler, and Fb2Indicating the load to which the lower surface of a single skid is subjected, L2Indicates the length of the lower surface of the skid, GaDenotes the weight of the steel sheet, GbRepresenting the weight of the wooden pallet, n representing the number of skids, σbwIndicates the bending stress, sigma, to which the skid is subjectedrmaxDenotes the maximum shear stress, σbwmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the bending stress, tau, to which the skid is subjectedbmaxThe maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever is shown.
C) According to the length L of the upper surface of the skid1Width b of the skid, overhang length l of the skid, overhang height h of the skid, and flexural modulus W of the woodbNumber of skids n and weight of wooden bracket GbThe equal parameters are used for carrying out stress analysis on the wooden platform, and the load F borne by the upper surface of a single skid is calculatedb1Compressive stress σ applied to the upper surface of the skid per unit areab1Load F borne by the lower surface of a single skidb2Compressive stress sigma per unit area of lower surface of skidb2Uniformly distributing load qb2Shear stress tau at the skids cantileverbAnd bending stress sigma of the skidbw. And finally, the mechanical property of the wood is checked through comparison with the maximum allowable stress of the wood.
In the step C, the mechanical property of the wood is calculated by comparing the maximum allowable stress of the wood with the stress analysis of the wooden platform in the stacking process of the wood, the reliability of the material selected in the step B is verified, a preliminary basis is provided for the structural optimization of the skid, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
C1) the upper surface of the wood pallet of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is stressed as
The unit area of the upper surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is stressed by
The lower surface of the plate-wrapped wood bracket skid is stressed as
The unit area of the compressive stress on the lower surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is
C2) The uniformly distributed load borne by the wood-in-board bracket skid is
Cantilever cutting of skidStress of
C3) The bending stress on the wood-in-board bracket skid is
C4) Parameter substitution comparison
According to the principle of maximum shear stress, the following steps are obtained:
whether the novel wood can meet the use requirement of the wooden platform or not is judged by comparing the maximum bending strength with the safety coefficient.
Step 103: obtaining the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material; and respectively calculating the bending resistance safety coefficient, the shearing resistance safety coefficient and the maximum shearing stress safety coefficient according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform.
The allowable strength of the selected wood platform material comprises allowable bending strength, allowable shearing strength and maximum allowable shearing stress strength.
determining the ratio of the allowable bending strength to the maximum value of the bending stress borne by the skid as a bending safety coefficient;
determining the ratio of the allowable shear strength to the maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever as a shear-resistant safety coefficient;
and determining the ratio of the maximum allowable shearing stress strength to the maximum shearing stress as the maximum shearing stress safety factor.
Step 104: acquiring the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material; and judging whether the bending resistance safety coefficient, the shearing resistance safety coefficient and the maximum shearing stress safety coefficient are all greater than the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material, if so, the selected wood platform material meets the use requirement of the wood platform.
Step 105: and if the selected wood platform material meets the use requirement of the wood platform, optimizing the structure of the wood platform according to the selected wood platform material.
and acquiring the upper limit value of the size of the skid and the aspect ratio of the size of the skid.
And determining the width-to-height ratio of the skid according to the size of the skid.
And comparing the width-height ratio of the skid with an upper limit value, and adjusting the size of the skid exceeding the upper limit value to obtain the size of the skid smaller than the upper limit value.
And adjusting the distance between the skid and the wood platform wing part to be a preset distance.
Wherein the upper limit value is 1.5, and the preset distance is 100 mm.
D) And optimally designing the skid structure of the wood platform by integrating the performance characteristics of the selected materials.
In the step D, on the basis of the step C, the structure of the skid is optimized, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
D1) according to the analysis, the novel material is used as the foot pad of the wood platform, and on the premise that the mechanical property and the use requirement can be met, the weight of the wood bracket is reduced as the maximum possible, and the structure optimization design is carried out on the wood pad of the wood platform by integrating the characteristics.
D2) The structure of the wooden bracket is optimally designed according to the requirements of steel plate and wooden bracket packaging.
Example two
The specification of the wood bracket skid is L2The optimization method of the wooden block structure based on the tinplate plate pack of the present invention will be described in detail by taking 750mm × 60mm × 75mm as an example. Fig. 2 is a side view of a wood pallet of 700 × 700mm in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a front view of the wood pallet of 700 × 700mm in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the method for optimizing the structure of the wood platform based on the tinplate pack specifically includes the following steps:
A1) wood parameters:
hard miscellaneous tree
Hardwood is generally a generic term for a group of woods that have higher density, hardness, and strength. The device has the advantages of good stress intensity adjustment, high economic practicability and the like. The disadvantages are that the hardwood is not easy to process, and the hardwood is not reasonable in fumigation and easy to crack.
(1) Dillenia indica is characterized by high density, hardness and wear resistance; the material is hard and heavy, has high strength and moderate drying shrinkage, and is not easy to deform after being processed; but the material is heavy and hard, the drying performance is poor, and the air-dry density is about 0.7/cm3。
(2) The inverted egg Burkholderia glaber is characterized in that the structure is fine and uniform; slightly large mass, higher hardness, moderate strength, smaller dry shrinkage, good drying performance and air-dry density of about 0.59-0.79 g/cm3。
Pine wood
The pine is characterized by more knots, quick response to atmospheric temperature, easy swelling, difficult natural air drying, soft material, low bearing force resistance in the aspect of loading, no collision, easy occurrence of pits, incompact material, easy deformation, dry cracking, tilting and corrosion.
(1) The hardwood floss is characterized by crisp texture and coarse and uniform structure; the strength is slightly lower. Easy processing and smooth section; good rotary cutting performance, easy processing, corrosion resistance, easy warping during drying, and air-dry density of about 0.48g/cm3。
(2) The douglas fir is characterized by easy processing and easy generation of wavy marks on wood; the gloss and the dyeing property are good; poor nail-holding power; the corrosion resistance is slightly poor; easy drying, and air-dried density of about 0.52g/cm3。
A2) The actual working environment of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is as follows: the wooden pallet of plate package will pile 7 layers of plate package at most under the actual working condition, and each plate package weighs 2.2 t.
B1) Through the comparison of the air-dried density of the wood, the density of the pine is lower than that of the hardwood, but the existing skid of the wood bracket is made of hardwood, so that the pine can be considered to be used for reducing the weight of the wood platform.
B2) According to the purpose defects and the comparison of the organization structure of the wood, on the premise of reducing the weight of the bracket and simultaneously ensuring the use requirements of the board-wrapped wood platform, the Douglas fir is selected as the substitute material of the novel board-wrapped wood platform.
C1) The plate-wrapped wood bracket can stack 7 layers at most under the actual working condition, and each plate pack is heavy2.2t, the number of the skids is 2, the weight of the wood bracket is 10kg, and the stress of the upper surface of the skid of the board-covered wood bracket is calculated as
The unit area of the upper surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is stressed by
The lower surface of the plate-wrapped wood bracket skid is stressed as
The unit area of the compressive stress on the lower surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is
C2) The uniformly distributed load borne by the wood-in-board bracket skid is
The maximum shear stress is 80mm
Wherein the maximum shear stress occurs at the abrupt change of the cross section of the lumber skid cantilever.
C3) The wood pallet with wood-in-board bracket has the maximum bending moment at the position of 80mm, and the corresponding maximum positive stress is
Wherein the maximum bending stress occurs at the abrupt change of the cantilever beam section.
C4) Parameter substitution comparison
The maximum shear stress is obtained according to the maximum shear stress principle as follows:
the safety coefficient of the wood products is generally 3.5-6.0, and the allowable bending strength of the douglas fir is [ sigma ]w]88.1-118.0MPa, allowable shearing strength [ sigma ]τ]6.6-9.5MPa, maximum allowable shearing strengthIs [ sigma ]r]89.1-119.52MPa, so the bending safety factor is
The safety coefficient of shear resistance is
Maximum shear stress safety factor of
Due to [ S ]w]、[Sτ]And [ S ]r]The safety coefficient of the wood products is higher, so that the Douglas fir can meet the use requirement of the wooden platform by analyzing from the mechanical angle.
According to the three mechanical models, the variable cross-section cantilever of the skid is easy to deform greatly, and the skid can break when load impact occurs.
D1) The sizes of the original skid are respectively as follows: 50 × 70 × L, 60 × 90 × L, 60 × 95 × L, or 80 × 100 × L. The upper limit of the aspect ratio is generally 1.5 in terms of securing stability in the pressed direction. Therefore, the bracket specification of 60 × 95 × L needs to be changed, the aspect ratio is further reduced to 1.25-1.35, and the safety factor of the pine wood platform is improved. The dimensions of the skid after modification are therefore: 55 × 70 × L, 70 × 90 × L, 75 × 95 × L, or 80 × 100 × L.
D2) Further, the distance of the skid from the wooden deck wing part was 100mm, which is limited by the wooden deck packaging.
EXAMPLE III
The specification of the wood bracket skid is L2The optimization method of the wooden block structure of the tinplate plate pack of the present invention will be described in detail by taking a product of 1230mm × 70mm × 75mm as an example. Fig. 4 is a side view of a 1230 × 1230mm wood bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a front view of the 1230 × 1230mm wood bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the method for optimizing a structure of a wood bench based on a tinplate bag specifically includes the following steps:
A1) wood parameters:
hardwood is generally a wood with high density, hardness and strengthIs a general term for (1). The supporting frame is often used in furniture, and is economical and strong in practicability. But the hardwood is not easy to process, and is easy to crack due to unreasonable fumigation. Common bracket materials comprise dillenia indica and inverted egg brueckia delbrueckii, wherein the dillenia indica is characterized by oblique and staggered texture, high density, hardness and wear resistance, hard and heavy material, high strength, moderate drying shrinkage, smooth and clean surface after sanding and polishing, strong oiliness, comfortable hand feeling, stable structure, difficult deformation after being processed, good paint performance and strong nail holding power. But is not corrosion resistant, has poor drying performance and has the air dry density of about 0.7g/cm3. The inverted egg Burkeshan olive is characterized by slight luster, staggered texture and fine and uniform structure; the weight is slightly heavy, the hardness is higher, the dry shrinkage is smaller, the turning performance is general, the corrosion resistance is not generated, the drying performance is good, and the air-dry density is 0.59-0.79 g/cm3。
Pine is a needle-leaved plant with many knots, fast response to atmospheric temperature, easy swelling and difficult natural air drying. But the fat is soft, has low bearing capacity in the aspect of loading, cannot be collided, is easy to have pits, is not compact enough, and is easy to deform, crack, dye, warp and corrode. Common bracket materials include hardwood pine and Douglas fir, wherein the hardwood pine is characterized by brittle texture, coarse and uniform structure, slightly lower strength and smooth section; good rotary cutting performance, easy processing, corrosion resistance, easy warping during drying, and air-dry density of about 0.48g/cm3. The douglas fir is characterized by easy processing and easy generation of wavy marks on wood; good optical property and dyeing property, poor nail-holding power, slightly poor corrosion resistance, easy drying and air-dry density of about 0.52g/cm3。
A2) The actual working environment of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is as follows: in actual conditions, the wooden pallet of the plate pack can stack 10 plate packs at most, and each plate pack weighs 2.2 t.
B1) Through the comparison of the air-dried density of the wood, the density of the pine is lower than that of the hardwood, but the existing skid of the wood bracket is made of hardwood, so that the pine can be considered to be used for reducing the weight of the wood platform.
B2) According to the purpose defects and the comparison of the organization structure of the wood, on the premise of reducing the weight of the bracket and simultaneously ensuring the use requirements of the board-wrapped wood platform, the Douglas fir is selected as the substitute material of the novel board-wrapped wood platform.
C1) The condition that the plate-wrapped wood bracket can stack 10 layers at most under the actual working condition is generated, each plate-wrapped wood bracket weighs 2.2t, the number of the skid is 5, and the stress on the upper surface of the skid of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is calculated to be 10kg of the weight of the wood bracket
The unit area of the upper surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is stressed by
The lower surface of the plate-wrapped wood bracket skid is stressed as
The unit area of the compressive stress on the lower surface of the skid of the plate-covered wood bracket is
C2) The uniformly distributed load borne by the wood-in-board bracket skid is
The maximum shear stress is 80mm
Wherein the maximum shear stress occurs at the abrupt change of the cross section of the lumber skid cantilever.
C3) The wood pallet with wood-in-board bracket has the maximum bending moment at the position of 80mm, and the corresponding maximum positive stress is
Wherein the maximum bending stress occurs at the abrupt change of the cantilever beam section.
C4) Parameter substitution comparison
The maximum shear stress is obtained according to the maximum shear stress principle as follows:
the safety coefficient of the wood products is generally 3.5-6.0, and the allowable bending strength of the douglas fir is [ sigma ]w]88.1-118.0MPa, allowable shearing strength [ sigma ]τ]6.6-9.5MPa, maximum allowable shearing strength [ sigma ]r]89.1-119.52MPa, so the bending safety factor is
The safety coefficient of shear resistance is
Maximum shear stress safety factor of
Due to [ S ]w]、[Sτ]And [ S ]r]The safety coefficient of the wood products is higher, so that the Douglas fir can meet the use requirement of the wooden platform by analyzing from the mechanical angle.
According to the three mechanical models, the variable cross-section cantilever of the skid is easy to deform greatly, and the skid can break when load impact occurs.
D1) The sizes of the original skid are respectively as follows: 50 × 70 × L, 60 × 90 × L, 60 × 95 × L, or 80 × 100 × L. The upper limit of the aspect ratio is generally 1.5 in terms of securing stability in the pressed direction. Therefore, the bracket specification of 60 × 95 × L needs to be changed, the aspect ratio is further reduced to 1.25-1.35, and the safety factor of the pine wood platform is improved. The dimensions of the skid after modification are therefore: 55 × 70 × L, 70 × 90 × L, 75 × 95 × L, or 80 × 100 × L.
D2) Furthermore, the distance between the skid and the wood platform wing part is 100mm due to the limitation of wood platform packaging
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for optimizing a wooden platform structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a wood platform material with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform;
obtaining structural parameters of the skid and working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket;
calculating stress data of the wooden platform according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wooden bracket;
the stress data of the wooden platform is calculated according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the board-wrapped wooden bracket, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the shear stress at the cantilever of the skid and the bending stress borne by the skid according to the structural parameters of the skid and the working conditions of the plate-wrapped wood bracket;
calculating the maximum shear stress according to the shear stress at the skid cantilever and the bending stress borne by the skid;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
calculating the shear stress at the skid cantilever according to the following formula:
the bending stress of the skid is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum shear stress is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, τbRepresenting shear stress at the skids cantilever, qb2The uniform load borne by the filler of the plate-wrapped wood bracket is shown, i represents the overhanging length of the filler, b represents the width of the filler, h represents the height of the overhanging beam of the filler, and Fb2Indicating the load to which the lower surface of a single skid is subjected, L2Indicates the length of the lower surface of the skid, GaDenotes the weight of the steel sheet, GbRepresenting the weight of the wooden pallet, n representing the number of skids, σbwIndicates the bending stress, sigma, to which the skid is subjectedrmaxDenotes the maximum shear stress, σbwmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the bending stress, tau, to which the skid is subjectedbmaxRepresents the maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever;
obtaining the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material;
respectively calculating an anti-bending safety coefficient, a shearing safety coefficient and a maximum shearing stress safety coefficient according to the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material and the stress data of the wood platform;
acquiring the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material;
judging whether the bending resistance safety coefficient, the shearing resistance safety coefficient and the maximum shearing stress safety coefficient are all greater than the safety coefficient of the selected wood platform material, if so, enabling the selected wood platform material to meet the use requirement of the wood platform;
and adopting a wood platform material meeting the use requirement of the wood platform to optimize the structure of the wood platform.
2. The method for optimizing a wooden platform structure according to claim 1, wherein the selecting of the wooden platform material with the aim of reducing the weight of the wooden platform specifically comprises:
acquiring wood parameters of each wood platform material to be selected; the wood parameters include wood density and wood texture;
and comparing the wood parameters of the wood platform materials to be selected with the aim of reducing the weight of the wood platform, and selecting the wood platform material with the minimum density and the maximum tissue structure similarity with the dillenia indica from the wood platform materials to be selected.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the selected material is Douglas fir.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method of optimizing a wooden stand structure,
the stress data of the wooden platform comprises the shear stress at the cantilever of the skid, the bending stress and the maximum shear stress of the skid;
the allowable strength of the selected wood platform material comprises allowable bending strength, allowable shearing strength and maximum allowable shearing stress strength.
5. The method for optimizing the structure of the wooden platform as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step of calculating the bending resistance safety factor, the shearing resistance safety factor and the maximum shearing stress safety factor according to the allowable strength of the selected wooden platform material and the stress data of the wooden platform comprises the following steps:
determining the ratio of the allowable bending strength to the maximum value of the bending stress borne by the skid as a bending safety factor;
determining the ratio of the allowable shear strength to the maximum value of the shear stress at the skid cantilever as a shear safety coefficient;
and determining the ratio of the maximum allowable shearing stress strength to the maximum shearing stress as a maximum shearing stress safety factor.
6. The method for optimizing the structure of the wooden platform as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method for optimizing the structure of the wooden platform by using the wooden platform material meeting the use requirement of the wooden platform specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the upper limit value of the size of the skid and the width-height ratio of the size of the skid;
determining the width-to-height ratio of the skid according to the size of the skid;
and comparing the width-height ratio of the skid with the upper limit value, and adjusting the size of the skid exceeding the upper limit value to obtain the size of the skid smaller than the upper limit value.
7. The method for optimizing the structure of the wooden platform as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for optimizing the structure of the wooden platform by using the wooden platform material meeting the use requirement of the wooden platform further comprises:
and adjusting the distance between the skid and the wood platform wing part to be a preset distance.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the upper limit value is 1.5 and the predetermined distance is 100 mm.
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