CN112886974B - Multifunctional airborne navigation equipment - Google Patents
Multifunctional airborne navigation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886974B CN112886974B CN202110112244.9A CN202110112244A CN112886974B CN 112886974 B CN112886974 B CN 112886974B CN 202110112244 A CN202110112244 A CN 202110112244A CN 112886974 B CN112886974 B CN 112886974B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses multifunctional airborne navigation equipment, which comprises a signal processing unit, an ADS-B communication unit, a service module and a service module, wherein the signal processing unit is used for processing all relevant service data of an airborne vehicle, coding the service data, sending the coded service data to the ADS-B communication unit through a radio frequency signal, receiving the radio frequency signal sent by the ADS-B communication unit, analyzing the radio frequency signal into an ADS-B message, and sending the ADS-B message to the service module after analysis; the service module is used for receiving the ADS-B message of the signal processing unit and making a relevant response to the control execution mechanism; the ADS-B communication unit is used for receiving the radio frequency signals of the signal processing unit, sending the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency processing unit through the antenna, receiving the radio frequency signals through the antenna and sending the radio frequency signals to the signal processing unit; the information circulation between the businesses is enhanced, so that the airborne navigation equipment can be configured more widely, data communication can be carried out more effectively, and the safety risk of flight is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of airborne equipment of aircrafts, in particular to multifunctional airborne navigation equipment.
Background
Along with the development of civil aviation in China, the requirements of large, medium and small aircrafts on airborne communication navigation equipment are gradually increased. The requirements of different models on the equipment are different, and the equipment is mainly influenced by factors such as cost, modification and functions. For large aircraft, cost is not a major factor, but rather problems with functionality and retrofitting. Because the existing large aircraft is mainly a transport plane, the additionally arranged airborne navigation equipment only has the function of ADS-B OUT and lacks the function of ADS-B IN; and the medium and small aircraft are influenced by cost and additional refitting factors, and some aircraft or even no aircraft navigation equipment is not beneficial to air traffic management, so that the risk of flight safety in an airspace is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that flight safety risk of an aircraft is larger due to the fact that the airborne navigation equipment in the prior art is low in application range on the aircraft due to high modification cost and incomplete functions, and provides the multifunctional airborne navigation equipment.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the multifunctional airborne navigation equipment comprises a signal processing unit, a service module, an ADS-B communication unit and an antenna, wherein,
the signal processing unit is used for processing all relevant service data carried by the vehicle, encoding the service data and then sending the encoded service data to the ADS-B communication unit by using radio frequency signals; the ADS-B communication unit is used for receiving the radio frequency signals sent by the ADS-B communication unit, analyzing the ADS-B messages and sending the analyzed messages to the service module;
the service module is used for receiving the ADS-B message of the signal processing unit and enabling the control execution mechanism to make a relevant response;
an ADS-B communication unit including a transmitter, a receiver, and a circulator, wherein,
the transmitter is used for receiving the radio frequency signal output by the signal processing unit, modulating the radio frequency signal to a frequency point of 1090MHz, and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the circulator after multi-stage amplification;
the receiver is used for receiving signals sent by the antenna, mixing the signals with local oscillation signals 1090MHz to obtain intermediate frequency signals of 60MHz, and outputting logarithmic video signals to the signal processing unit after multi-stage amplification processing;
the circulator is used for receiving the modulation signal of the transmitter and sending the modulation signal to the antenna; the signal of the receiving antenna is sent to a receiver;
and the antenna is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals.
In the invention, the signal processing unit is an equipment center, all data of the service module are circulated through the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is responsible for processing all relevant service data of an airborne vehicle, and encodes the service data into ADS-B message to be sent to the radio frequency processing unit, meanwhile, after processing other received target ADS-B messages, the messages are distributed to each service interface, the ADS-B communication unit is adopted, airborne navigation can be rapidly and accurately carried out, thereby reducing the interval of air traffic control and greatly reducing the risk of flight safety, the business module can effectively execute relevant business through the signal of the signal processing unit, the service module comprises a GPS/Beidou/Galileo navigation source, a gyroscope interface, a barometric altimeter, a wifi routing interface, Beidou short message communication and the like; at present, each service module in the prior art operates independently, so that navigation information is easy to generate errors, in the invention, various information in the service modules is processed in a centralized manner through a signal processing unit, information communication is effectively enhanced, and the execution capacity of equipment is enhanced at the same time, so that the information interaction among the modules on an airplane is effectively enhanced through navigation equipment, and the modules are integrated, so that the refitting cost is reduced, airborne navigation equipment can be configured more widely, data communication can be performed more effectively, and the safety risk of flight is effectively reduced; in China, the 1090MHZ frequency band has the problem of sharing of various electronic devices, so that 1090MHZ signals are easily interfered when being directly used, and the transmission performance of ADS-B signals is reduced under the same frequency interference, so that the 1090MHZ signals are amplified by the transmitter to avoid interference, and the receiver performs frequency mixing processing on the signals sent by the antenna and the local oscillator signals 1090MHz to obtain intermediate frequency signals to avoid interference and facilitate subsequent processing of the signals into logarithmic video signals.
Furthermore, the antenna comprises a medium substrate, wherein a plurality of open resonant rings are arranged on the medium substrate, the open resonant rings are printed on the medium substrate, the open resonant rings are positioned at the uppermost part of the medium substrate, a plurality of linear directors are printed below the open resonant rings, and a coil body is spirally formed below the linear directors; the number of turns and the radius of the spiral coil body are adjusted so that the characteristic of the coil body becomes a predetermined value, and the gap between the linear director and the coil body is 0.01 to 5 mm. In the invention, the antenna is obtained by further improving the conventional RFID antenna, and comprises the structure of the conventional RFID antenna, and on the basis, the open resonant ring and the linear director are adopted, the linear director is favorable for signal dispersion, so that the size of the antenna can be reduced, and the open resonant ring is adopted to ensure that the antenna is equivalent to a resonant circuit added in the antenna, so that the operation of the antenna can be more stable and effective.
Further, the transmitter comprises a modulator, a local oscillation source, an amplitude modulator, a first amplifier, an isolator, a final-stage power amplifier and a power supply, wherein the local oscillation source, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier, the isolator and the final-stage power amplifier are sequentially connected, the modulator is connected with the local oscillation source, the power supply is respectively connected with the modulator, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier and the final-stage power amplifier, wherein,
the power supply is used for generating a 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal source meeting the longitude index requirement and respectively transmitting the signal to the modulator, the local oscillation source, the first amplifier and the final-stage power amplifier;
the modulator receives 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals of the power supply, obtains ASK amplitude modulation signals after the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals are subjected to polarity conversion, enhanced driving and pull-down protection processing, and sends the ASK amplitude modulation signals to the local oscillation source;
the local oscillation source is used for generating a common amplitude modulation signal, receiving an ASK amplitude modulation signal and sending the common amplitude modulation signal and the ASK amplitude modulation signal to the amplitude modulator;
the amplitude modulator is used for receiving a common amplitude modulation signal and an ASK amplitude modulation signal of the local oscillation source, carrying out ASK amplitude modulation processing on the common amplitude modulation signal and the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal of the power supply to obtain a modulation signal, and sending the modulation signal to the first amplifier;
the first amplifier amplifies the modulation signal and sends the amplified modulation signal to an isolator;
the isolator adds the amplified modulation signal into the isolator;
the final-stage power amplifier is used for carrying out final-stage power amplification on the modulated signal amplified in the isolator and then sending the modulated signal to the circulator;
and the circulator receives the modulation signal after the final-stage power amplifier and sends the modulation signal to the antenna.
Further, the receiver comprises a preselector, a preamplifier, a mixer, an IF filter, an IF amplifier, a logarithmic amplifier and a detector, wherein the preselector receives a signal sent by the circulator and sends the signal to the preamplifier for preamplification, the signal subjected to preamplification is sent to the mixer for mixing with a local oscillator signal 1090MHz to obtain an intermediate frequency signal of 60MHz, the intermediate frequency signal is sent to the IF filter for IF filtering, the signal subjected to filtering processing is sent to the IF amplifier for IF amplification, the signal subjected to IF amplification is sent to the logarithmic amplifier for logarithmic amplification, the signal subjected to logarithmic amplification is sent to the detector, and a logarithmic video signal is output to the signal processing unit through the detector.
Further, the signal processing unit comprises a peripheral and an interface circuit, an ARM processor and an FPGA hardware module, wherein,
the peripheral and the interface circuit are connected with the service module and used for carrying out information interaction with the service module;
the ARM processor is used for responding to information of peripheral equipment and an interface circuit, comprehensively scheduling the information, coding ADS-B messages of the service data and analyzing the ADS-B message information in the radio frequency signals;
the FPGA hardware module is used for receiving an ADS-B airborne message of the ARM processor, assembling the ADS-B airborne message into an airborne message with a leading head, inputting the airborne message into a DA processing chip according to the time sequence of the airborne message, and then sending the airborne message to the ADS-B communication unit; the device is used for receiving radio frequency signals of the ADS-B communication unit, obtaining airborne messages of the ADS-B after video processing, inverse wide inverse narrow processing and decoder processing, and sending the messages to the ARM processor to assemble the messages which can be identified by the CDTI.
Further, in the FPGA hardware module, the input processing of the radio frequency signal includes the following steps:
s1: collecting input radio frequency signals by adopting a high-speed A/D sampling chip;
s2: the FPGA carries out amplitude correlation, leading head detection and de-interleaving decoding on the sampled data to obtain the numerical value of each bit and adds confidence to each bit;
s3: sending the signal into a CRC check circuit for CRC check, when the number of the low confidence bits is in a threshold allowable range, performing bit recovery operation, otherwise discarding the received message;
s4: and sending the message after bit recovery into an FIFO (first in first out) in the FPGA, sending an interrupt application, and reading the FIFO message by an ARM (advanced RISC machine) processor.
In the invention, the FPGA mainly converts and processes signals and information, an FPGA hardware module carries out ADS-B message information interaction with an ARM processor and a transceiver, when the input signals are ADS-B airborne messages sent by the ARM, the FPGA assembles the received messages into airborne messages with leading heads, and the airborne messages are input into a DA processing chip according to the time sequence of the airborne messages and then are sent to a transmitter; when the input signal is the video signal input by the receiver, the airborne message of ADS-B is obtained after video processing, inverse wide inverse narrow processing and decoder processing, and the message is sent to the ARM processor to be assembled into the message which can be identified by CDTI or other display transposes.
Furthermore, the service module comprises a navigation information processing module, an altitude information processing module and a Beidou short message processing module, and the navigation information processing module, the altitude information processing module and the Beidou short message data processing module are all connected with the ARM processor.
Further, the navigation information processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a11: receiving the positioning information sent by the ARM processor, initializing a serial port,
a12: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a13: judging whether the positioning information is interrupted, if so, receiving data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a14: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A12;
a15: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a16: and returning to the step A12 after the data processing is finished.
The navigation information in the apparatus of the present invention is a multi-mode navigation source, providing GPS, Beidou, and Galileo navigation information. Because the precision of the Beidou navigation information cannot be achieved, but the GPS navigation source information is easily interfered, the multi-mode navigation information can ensure that the positioning information can be obtained, and the ground monitoring system can know the accurate position of the target in real time through the correction and fusion processing of the multi-mode navigation information.
Further, the height information processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a21: receiving air pressure height information sent by an ARM processor, and carrying out initial SPI or sending the information to an ARINC429 bus;
a22: the information is subjected to initial SPI or is sent to an ARINC429 bus and then waits;
a23: judging whether the position is updated or not, if so, sending data; if not, returning to the step A22;
a24: and performing time delay processing on the sending data, performing data processing after the data is read, and returning to the step A22 after the data processing is completed.
In the invention, in an airborne device, the height of a target is selected by two modes of geometric height and air pressure height, and as the geometric height is from a navigation source, the geometric height has certain error in practical application and is selected only under the condition that the air pressure height is unavailable. For the acquisition of the air pressure height, the ARM processor actively reads a register of the air pressure sensor when needed, and the read value is only the pressure and the temperature of the space where the surface target is located, and the height of the target can be obtained after processing and calculation. Because the data bus interface is reserved in the equipment, when the equipment is crosslinked with the airplane, the data of the air gauge on the airplane can be directly acquired through the bus interface.
Further, the Beidou short message data processing module is used for executing the following steps:
a31: receiving fault information sent by an ARM processor, and initializing a serial port;
a32: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a33: judging whether the sending is interrupted, if so, carrying out message assembly and sending the message after card selection, and if not, turning to the next step;
a34: judging whether to receive the interrupt, if so, receiving the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a35: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a36: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A32;
a37: and returning to the step A32 after the data processing is finished.
In the invention, in order to make up a blind area existing in ground-air line-of-sight communication, the equipment is added with a processing function of the Beidou short message. Because the period of sending the message by the common Beidou short message user is 1 minute, the method is not practical for positioning monitoring application of an aerial vehicle, multi-card multiplexing processing is designed, and the message sending period is shortened. And the short message sending is controlled by the ground processing center, and when ADS-B data link communication is normal, the short message sending function is not started. Meanwhile, if the equipment has the condition that fault data are available, the equipment can send fault information or gyroscope information to the ground processing center through the function of the Beidou short message.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the invention, the signal processing unit is used for carrying out centralized processing on various information in the service modules, and the execution capacity of the equipment is enhanced while the information communication is effectively enhanced, so that the invention effectively carries out information interaction among the modules on the airplane through the navigation equipment and integrates the modules, thereby reducing the refitting cost, leading the airborne navigation equipment to be more widely configured and more effectively carrying out data communication, and effectively reducing the safety risk of flight.
(2) The transmitter amplifies 1090MHZ signals to avoid interference, and the receiver performs frequency mixing processing on signals sent by an antenna and local oscillator signals 1090MHz to obtain intermediate frequency signals to avoid interference and facilitate subsequent processing of the signals into logarithmic video signals.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the transmitter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the receiver operation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the signal processing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the RF input processing of the FPGA transceiver of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of navigation data processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the height information processing of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of Beidou short message data processing of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-open resonant ring, 2-linear director, 3-dielectric substrate, 4-coil body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the multifunctional airborne navigation equipment comprises a signal processing unit, a service module, an ADS-B communication unit and an antenna, wherein,
the signal processing unit is used for processing all relevant service data carried by the vehicle, encoding the service data and then sending the encoded service data to the ADS-B communication unit by using radio frequency signals; the ADS-B communication unit is used for receiving the radio frequency signals sent by the ADS-B communication unit, analyzing the ADS-B messages and sending the analyzed messages to the service module; the signal processing unit comprises a peripheral and an interface circuit, an ARM processor and an FPGA hardware module, wherein,
the peripheral and the interface circuit are connected with the service module and used for carrying out information interaction with the service module;
the ARM processor is used for responding to information of peripheral equipment and an interface circuit, comprehensively scheduling the information, coding ADS-B messages of the service data and analyzing the ADS-B message information in the radio frequency signals;
the FPGA hardware module is used for receiving an ADS-B airborne message of the ARM processor, assembling the ADS-B airborne message into an airborne message with a leading head, inputting the airborne message into a DA processing chip according to the time sequence of the airborne message, and then sending the airborne message to the ADS-B communication unit; the device is used for receiving radio frequency signals of the ADS-B communication unit, obtaining airborne messages of the ADS-B after video processing, inverse wide inverse narrow processing and decoder processing, and sending the messages to the ARM processor to assemble the messages which can be identified by the CDTI.
The service module is used for receiving the ADS-B message of the signal processing unit and enabling the control execution mechanism to make a relevant response;
an ADS-B communication unit including a transmitter, a receiver, and a circulator, wherein,
the transmitter is used for receiving the radio frequency signal output by the signal processing unit, modulating the radio frequency signal to a frequency point of 1090MHz, and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the circulator after multi-stage amplification; the transmitter comprises a modulator, a local oscillation source, an amplitude modulator, a first amplifier, an isolator, a final-stage power amplifier and a power supply, wherein the local oscillation source, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier, the isolator and the final-stage power amplifier are sequentially connected, the modulator is connected with the local oscillation source, the power supply is respectively connected with the modulator, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier and the final-stage power amplifier, the transmitter comprises a modulator, a local oscillation source, an amplitude modulator, a first amplifier, an isolator, a final-stage power amplifier and a power supply,
the power supply is used for generating a 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal source meeting the longitude index requirement and respectively transmitting the signal to the modulator, the local oscillation source, the first amplifier and the final-stage power amplifier;
the modulator receives 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals of the power supply, obtains ASK amplitude modulation signals after the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals are subjected to polarity conversion, enhanced driving and pull-down protection processing, and sends the ASK amplitude modulation signals to the local oscillation source;
the local oscillation source is used for generating a common amplitude modulation signal, receiving an ASK amplitude modulation signal and sending the common amplitude modulation signal and the ASK amplitude modulation signal to the amplitude modulator;
the amplitude modulator is used for receiving a common amplitude modulation signal and an ASK amplitude modulation signal of the local oscillation source, carrying out ASK amplitude modulation processing on the common amplitude modulation signal and the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal of the power supply to obtain a modulation signal, and sending the modulation signal to the first amplifier;
the first amplifier amplifies the modulation signal and sends the amplified modulation signal to an isolator;
the isolator adds the amplified modulation signal into the isolator;
the final-stage power amplifier is used for carrying out final-stage power amplification on the modulated signal amplified in the isolator and then sending the modulated signal to the circulator;
and the circulator receives the modulation signal after the final-stage power amplifier and sends the modulation signal to the antenna.
The receiver is used for receiving signals sent by the antenna, mixing the signals with local oscillation signals 1090MHz to obtain intermediate frequency signals of 60MHz, and outputting logarithmic video signals to the signal processing unit after multi-stage amplification processing; the receiver comprises a preselector, a preamplifier, a mixer, an IF filter, an IF amplifier, a logarithmic amplifier and a detector, wherein the preselector is used for receiving a signal sent by the circulator and sending the signal to the preamplifier for preamplification, the signal subjected to preamplification is sent to the mixer for mixing with a local oscillator signal 1090MHz to obtain an intermediate frequency signal of 60MHz, the intermediate frequency signal is sent to the IF filter for IF filtering, the signal subjected to filtering processing is sent to the IF amplifier for IF amplification, the signal subjected to IF amplification is sent to the logarithmic amplifier for logarithmic amplification, the signal subjected to logarithmic amplification is sent to the detector, and a logarithmic video signal is output to the signal processing unit through the detector.
The circulator is used for receiving the modulation signal of the transmitter and sending the modulation signal to the antenna; the signal of the receiving antenna is sent to a receiver;
and the antenna is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, on the basis of embodiment 1, in the FPGA hardware module, the input processing of the radio frequency signal includes the following steps:
s1: collecting input radio frequency signals by adopting a high-speed A/D sampling chip;
s2: the FPGA carries out amplitude correlation, leading head detection and de-interleaving decoding on the sampled data to obtain the numerical value of each bit and adds confidence to each bit;
s3: sending the signal into a CRC check circuit for CRC check, when the number of the low confidence bits is in a threshold allowable range, performing bit recovery operation, otherwise discarding the received message;
s4: and sending the message after bit recovery into an FIFO (first in first out) in the FPGA, sending an interrupt application, and reading the FIFO message by an ARM (advanced RISC machine) processor.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the service module includes a navigation information processing module, an altitude information processing module, and a beidou short message processing module, and the navigation information processing module, the altitude information processing module, and the beidou short message data processing module are all connected to the ARM processor.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, on the basis of embodiment 3, the navigation information processing module is configured to execute the following steps:
a11: receiving the positioning information sent by the ARM processor, initializing a serial port,
a12: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a13: judging whether the positioning information is interrupted, if so, receiving data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a14: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A12;
a15: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a16: and returning to the step A12 after the data processing is finished.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5 and 7, in embodiment 3, the height information processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a21: receiving air pressure height information sent by an ARM processor, and carrying out initial SPI or sending the information to an ARINC429 bus;
a22: the information is subjected to initial SPI or is sent to an ARINC429 bus and then waits;
a23: judging whether the position is updated or not, if so, sending data; if not, returning to the step A22;
a24: and performing time delay processing on the sending data, performing data processing after the data is read, and returning to the step A22 after the data processing is completed.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5 and 8, on the basis of embodiment 3, the beidou short message data processing module is configured to execute the following steps:
a31: receiving fault information sent by an ARM processor, and initializing a serial port;
a32: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a33: judging whether the sending is interrupted, if so, carrying out message assembly and sending the message after card selection, and if not, turning to the next step;
a34: judging whether to receive the interrupt, if so, receiving the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a35: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a36: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A32;
a37: and returning to the step A32 after the data processing is finished.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, in addition to any of embodiments 1 to 6, the antenna includes a dielectric substrate 3, a plurality of split ring resonators 1 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 3, the split ring resonators 1 are printed on the dielectric substrate 3, the split ring resonators 1 are disposed at the uppermost portion of the dielectric substrate 3, a plurality of linear directors 2 are printed below the split ring resonators 1, and a coil body 4 is spirally formed below the linear directors 2; the number of turns and the radius of the spiral coil body 4 are adjusted so that the characteristic of the coil body 4 becomes a predetermined value, and the gap between the linear type director and the coil body 4 is 0.01 to 5 mm.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, on the basis of any of embodiments 1 to 6, in this embodiment, an omnidirectional antenna based on a microstrip RFID tag antenna is used as an antenna at a radio frequency end for transmitting and receiving signals, the omnidirectional antenna mainly receives and transmits a PPM modulated signal at 1090MHz, a sleeve half-wave array subunit form is adopted, the antenna meets the requirement that the out-of-roundness of an azimuth plane is less than or equal to ± 1.5dB in a wider frequency band, and has high reliability, and a fourier series approximation cosecant square direction pattern array method is adopted for a pitching plane, so as to achieve the purposes of upward warping of antenna beams and high gain.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The multifunctional airborne navigation equipment is characterized by comprising a signal processing unit, a service module, an ADS-B communication unit and an antenna, wherein,
the signal processing unit is used for processing all relevant service data carried by the vehicle, encoding the service data and then sending the encoded service data to the ADS-B communication unit by using radio frequency signals; the ADS-B communication unit is used for receiving the radio frequency signals sent by the ADS-B communication unit, analyzing the ADS-B messages and sending the analyzed messages to the service module;
the service module is used for receiving the ADS-B message of the signal processing unit and enabling the control execution mechanism to make a relevant response;
an ADS-B communication unit including a transmitter, a receiver, and a circulator, wherein,
the transmitter is used for receiving the radio frequency signal output by the signal processing unit, modulating the radio frequency signal to a frequency point of 1090MHz, and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the circulator after multi-stage amplification;
the receiver is used for receiving signals sent by the antenna, mixing the signals with local oscillation signals 1090MHz to obtain intermediate frequency signals of 60MHz, and outputting logarithmic video signals to the signal processing unit after multi-stage amplification processing;
the circulator is used for receiving the modulation signal of the transmitter and sending the modulation signal to the antenna; the signal of the receiving antenna is sent to a receiver;
the antenna is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals;
the signal processing unit comprises a peripheral and an interface circuit, an ARM processor and an FPGA hardware module, wherein,
the peripheral and the interface circuit are connected with the service module and used for carrying out information interaction with the service module;
the ARM processor is used for responding to information of peripheral equipment and an interface circuit, comprehensively scheduling the information, coding ADS-B messages of the service data and analyzing the ADS-B message information in the radio frequency signals;
the FPGA hardware module is used for receiving an ADS-B airborne message of the ARM processor, assembling the ADS-B airborne message into an airborne message with a leading head, inputting the airborne message into a DA processing chip according to the time sequence of the airborne message, and then sending the airborne message to the ADS-B communication unit; the device is used for receiving radio frequency signals of the ADS-B communication unit, obtaining airborne messages of the ADS-B after video processing, inverse wide inverse narrow processing and decoder processing, and sending the messages to the ARM processor to assemble the messages which can be identified by the CDTI.
2. The multifunctional airborne navigation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate (3), a plurality of open resonant rings (1) are arranged on the dielectric substrate (3), the open resonant rings (1) are printed on the dielectric substrate (3), the open resonant rings (1) are positioned at the uppermost part of the dielectric substrate (3), a plurality of linear directors (2) are printed below the open resonant rings (1), and a coil body (4) is spirally formed below the linear directors (2); the number of turns and the radius of the spiral coil body (4) are adjusted so that the characteristic of the coil body (4) becomes a predetermined value, and the gap between the linear type director and the coil body (4) is 0.01 to 5 mm.
3. The multi-function airborne navigation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitter comprises a modulator, a local oscillator source, an amplitude modulator, a first amplifier, an isolator, a final amplifier, and a power supply, the local oscillator source, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier, the isolator, and the final amplifier are connected in sequence, the modulator is connected to the local oscillator source, and the power supply is connected to the modulator, the amplitude modulator, the first amplifier, and the final amplifier, respectively, wherein,
the power supply is used for generating a 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal source meeting the longitude index requirement and respectively transmitting the signal to the modulator, the local oscillation source, the first amplifier and the final-stage power amplifier;
the modulator receives 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals of the power supply, obtains ASK amplitude modulation signals after the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signals are subjected to polarity conversion, enhanced driving and pull-down protection processing, and sends the ASK amplitude modulation signals to the local oscillation source;
the local oscillation source is used for generating a common amplitude modulation signal, receiving an ASK amplitude modulation signal and sending the common amplitude modulation signal and the ASK amplitude modulation signal to the amplitude modulator;
the amplitude modulator is used for receiving a common amplitude modulation signal and an ASK amplitude modulation signal of the local oscillation source, carrying out ASK amplitude modulation processing on the common amplitude modulation signal and the 1090MHz radio frequency pulse signal of the power supply to obtain a modulation signal, and sending the modulation signal to the first amplifier;
the first amplifier amplifies the modulation signal and sends the amplified modulation signal to an isolator;
the isolator adds the amplified modulation signal into the isolator;
the final-stage power amplifier is used for carrying out final-stage power amplification on the modulated signal amplified in the isolator and then sending the modulated signal to the circulator;
and the circulator receives the modulation signal after the final-stage power amplifier and sends the modulation signal to the antenna.
4. The multifunctional onboard navigation device according to claim 1, wherein the receiver comprises a preselector, a preamplifier, a mixer, an IF filter, an IF amplifier, a logarithmic amplifier and a detector, the preselector receives a signal sent by the circulator, the signal is sent to the preamplifier for preamplification, the preamplified signal is sent to the mixer for mixing with a local oscillator signal 1090MHz to obtain an intermediate frequency signal of 60MHz, the intermediate frequency signal is sent to the IF filter for IF filtering, the filtered signal is sent to the IF amplifier for IF amplification, the IF amplified signal is sent to the logarithmic amplifier for logarithmic amplification, the logarithmically amplified signal is sent to the detector, and a logarithmic video signal is output to the signal processing unit through the detector.
5. The multifunctional on-board navigation device according to claim 1, wherein in the FPGA hardware module, the input processing of the radio frequency signal comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting input radio frequency signals by adopting a high-speed A/D sampling chip;
s2: the FPGA carries out amplitude correlation, leading head detection and de-interleaving decoding on the sampled data to obtain the numerical value of each bit and adds confidence to each bit;
s3: sending the signal into a CRC check circuit for CRC check, when the number of the low confidence bits is in a threshold allowable range, performing bit recovery operation, otherwise discarding the received message;
s4: and sending the message after bit recovery into an FIFO (first in first out) in the FPGA, sending an interrupt application, and reading the FIFO message by an ARM (advanced RISC machine) processor.
6. The multifunctional airborne navigation equipment of claim 1, wherein the service module comprises a navigation information processing module, an altitude information processing module and a Beidou short message processing module, and the navigation information processing module, the altitude information processing module and the Beidou short message data processing module are all connected with the ARM processor.
7. The multifunctional onboard navigation device according to claim 6, wherein the navigation information processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a11: receiving the positioning information sent by the ARM processor, initializing a serial port,
a12: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a13: judging whether the positioning information is interrupted, if so, receiving data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a14: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A12;
a15: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A12;
a16: and returning to the step A12 after the data processing is finished.
8. The multifunctional airborne navigation apparatus of claim 6, wherein said altitude information processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a21: receiving air pressure height information sent by an ARM processor, and carrying out initial SPI or sending the information to an ARINC429 bus;
a22: the information is subjected to initial SPI or is sent to an ARINC429 bus and then waits;
a23: judging whether the position is updated or not, if so, sending data; if not, returning to the step A22;
a24: and performing time delay processing on the sending data, performing data processing after the data is read, and returning to the step A22 after the data processing is completed.
9. The multifunctional airborne navigation equipment of claim 6, wherein the Beidou short message data processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
a31: receiving fault information sent by an ARM processor, and initializing a serial port;
a32: initializing the serial port and then waiting;
a33: judging whether the sending is interrupted, if so, carrying out message assembly and sending the message after card selection, and if not, turning to the next step;
a34: judging whether to receive the interrupt, if so, receiving the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a35: judging whether the received data are synchronous or not, if so, caching the data, otherwise, returning to the step A32;
a36: judging whether caching data is finished or not, and if so, processing the data; if not, returning to the step A32;
a37: and returning to the step A32 after the data processing is finished.
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