CN112886879A - Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor - Google Patents

Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112886879A
CN112886879A CN201911201809.XA CN201911201809A CN112886879A CN 112886879 A CN112886879 A CN 112886879A CN 201911201809 A CN201911201809 A CN 201911201809A CN 112886879 A CN112886879 A CN 112886879A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switched reluctance
reluctance motor
rotating speed
motor
rotation speed
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Pending
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CN201911201809.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高超
丁金龙
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Beijing Dakohuan Transmission Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Dakohuan Transmission Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN201911201809.XA priority Critical patent/CN112886879A/en
Publication of CN112886879A publication Critical patent/CN112886879A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/24—Arrangements for stopping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor control mode, in particular to a brake operation control method of a switched reluctance motor. Setting a limited rotating speed value of the switched reluctance motor; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor has a rising trend compared with the given rotating speed, the control module stops energizing the winding of the switched reluctance motor, so that the switched reluctance motor does not enter a braking operation state; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor reaches the limited rotating speed value, the control module restores the energization of the switched reluctance motor winding, and the switched reluctance motor enters a braking operation state. When the torque direction of the shaft end load of the switched reluctance motor is the same as the rotating direction, the switched reluctance motor does not immediately enter a braking operation state, the shaft end load is allowed to drive the switched reluctance motor to freely increase the rotating speed within a certain range, and the switched reluctance motor or the driven machine enters the braking operation state only when the rotating speed is increased to the rotating speed safety limit value of the switched reluctance motor or the driven machine.

Description

Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor control mode, in particular to a brake operation control method of a switched reluctance motor.
Background
The motor refers to an electromagnetic device for performing bidirectional conversion on electric energy and mechanical energy. If the torque direction of the motor is the same as the rotation direction, the motor runs electrically, and input electric energy is converted into output mechanical energy; if the torque direction of the motor is opposite to the rotating direction, the motor is in braking operation, and input mechanical energy is converted into output electric energy.
The speed regulating motor refers to a motor capable of actively regulating the rotating speed of the motor within a certain range, and the switched reluctance motor belongs to a class of speed regulating motors. The speed regulating motor mostly adopts a rotating speed control mode, and the switched reluctance motor generally adopts a closed-loop rotating speed control mode.
In the prior art, when the direction of the torque of the shaft end load of the switched reluctance motor is the same as the rotating direction, and the actual rotating speed of the motor has a rising trend compared with the given rotating speed, the motor outputs the torque opposite to the rotating direction under the action of the controller, the torque is used for balancing the torque of the shaft end load, and the motor enters a braking operation state.
However, the special characteristics of some driven machines need to be: when the torque direction of the shaft end load of the motor is the same as the rotating direction, the motor does not immediately enter a braking operation state, the shaft end load is allowed to drive the motor to freely increase the rotating speed within a certain range, and the motor enters the braking operation state only when the rotating speed is increased to the rotating speed safety limit value of the motor or the driven machine. It is therefore desirable to design a brake operation method of a switched reluctance motor using such a transmission machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel brake operation control method of a switched reluctance motor, which is used for not immediately entering a brake operation state when the torque direction of a shaft end load of the switched reluctance motor is the same as the rotation direction, but allowing the shaft end load to drive the switched reluctance motor to freely increase the rotation speed within a certain range, and only entering the brake operation state when the rotation speed is increased to the rotation speed safety limit value of the switched reluctance motor or a driven machine.
The electromagnetic structure of the switched reluctance motor is as follows: the stator and rotor iron core are made up by overlapping salient pole silicon steel sheets with different pole numbers, and on each stator pole a coil is winded, and several coils are connected to form a winding. The switched reluctance motor with different structures is formed according to the difference of the number of the iron core poles and the number of the winding phases.
The basic electromagnetic principle of the switched reluctance motor is as follows: when the stator and the rotor are close to each other, the stator and the rotor are electrified, the generated torque is the same as the rotation direction, and the stator and the rotor are in electric operation; when the stator and rotor poles are separated from each other, the power is applied, the generated torque is opposite to the rotation direction, and the braking operation is performed.
The switched reluctance motor needs to be provided with a sensor for transmitting a rotating speed signal and a rotor position signal of the switched reluctance motor.
The switched reluctance motor generally adopts a closed-loop rotating speed control mode, the torque generated by the switched reluctance motor is used for balancing the torque of a shaft end load connected with the switched reluctance motor, the switched reluctance motor and the switched reluctance motor have the same size and the opposite directions in steady-state operation, and the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor is equal to the given rotating speed.
The invention provides a brake operation control method of a switched reluctance motor, which needs to set a limited rotating speed value of the switched reluctance motor; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor has a rising trend compared with the given rotating speed, the control module stops energizing the winding of the switched reluctance motor, so that the switched reluctance motor does not enter a braking operation state; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor reaches the limited rotating speed value, the control module restores the energization of the switched reluctance motor winding, and the switched reluctance motor enters a braking operation state.
Further, the control module is a hardware electronic circuit.
Further, the control module is hardware and software based on the CPU platform.
In particular, a switched reluctance motor is driven by a switched reluctance controller that includes a power circuit and a control circuit. The power circuit is composed of a power semiconductor element and the like and is used for electrifying the motor; the control circuit (i.e. control module) may be composed of a hardware electronic circuit, or may be composed of hardware and software based on a CPU platform, and is used to generate a control mode and a control strategy of the motor, and to control the operation of the motor through the power circuit.
Further, the ratio of the defined rotation speed value to the given rotation speed is consistent, and the ratio of the defined rotation speed value to the given rotation speed is greater than 1.
Further, the rotation speed value is defined as a constant value greater than the given rotation speed.
Specifically, in order to limit the unlimited increase of the actual rotating speed of the motor, a highest limited rotating speed value is established, when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor reaches the limited rotating speed value, the motor winding is restored to be electrified, and the motor enters a braking operation state.
The invention aims to meet the special characteristic requirements of some driven machines, and the motor does not immediately enter a braking operation state when the torque direction of a shaft end load is the same as the rotating direction, so that the shaft end load drives the motor to freely increase the rotating speed within a certain range. At the same time, the speed is prevented from rising to an unsafe value of the electric machine or the driven machine by establishing a maximum limit speed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electromagnetic structure diagram of an 6/4 pole 3 phase switched reluctance motor.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic electromagnetic principle of a switched reluctance machine; (a) the schematic diagram of energizing the windings when the poles of the stator and rotor are close to each other; (b) the schematic diagram of energizing the windings when the poles of the stator and rotor are moved away from each other.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between a switched reluctance motor and a switched reluctance controller.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop rotation speed control mode of the switched reluctance motor.
FIG. 5 shows the actual rotational speed n and the motor torque TdAnd shaft end load torque TlThe relationship between; (a) the motor is a motor in the prior art; (b) the invention relates to a switched reluctance motor.
Reference numerals: 1-a stator; 2-a rotor; 3-winding; 4-a switched reluctance motor; 5-a switched reluctance controller; 6-installing a sensor; 7-a power circuit; 8-a control circuit; 9-speed regulator.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows an electromagnetic structure of an 6/4 pole 3 phase switched reluctance machine: the stator 1 having 6 salient poles and the 4 salient pole rotors 2 are each laminated by silicon steel sheets. Each stator pole is wound with 6 coils 3, wherein 2 coils with opposite circumferences are connected to form a 1-phase winding, and the 3-phase winding is shared (only 1 phase is shown in figure 1).
Fig. 2 shows the basic electromagnetic principle of a switched reluctance machine: fig. 2(a) shows that when the poles of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are close to each other, the winding 3 is energized, and the generated torque Td is in the same direction as the rotation speed n, and in this case, the motor-driven operation is performed; fig. 2(b) shows that when the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are separated from each other by the energization of the winding 3, the torque Td generated is opposite to the direction of the rotation speed n, and the braking operation is performed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the switched reluctance motor 4 and the switched reluctance controller 5. The switched reluctance motor 4 needs to be provided with a sensor 6 for generating a motor speed signal n and a rotor position signal. The switched reluctance motor 4 is driven by a switched reluctance controller 5, and the switched reluctance controller 5 includes a power circuit 7 and a control circuit 8. The power circuit 7 is composed of a power semiconductor element or the like, and is used for energizing the motor winding 3; the control circuit 8 may be constituted by a hardware electronic circuit, or by hardware and software based CPU platform, for generating appropriate control signals and controlling the operation of the motor 4 via the power circuit 7. In FIG. 3, P is the power supply, n1A signal is given for the rotational speed. In the present embodiment, the control circuit 8 is configured by hardware and software based on a CPU platform.
The switched reluctance motor 4 generally employs a closed-loop speed control scheme, as shown in fig. 4. In the figure, the rotation speed is given by a signal n1Compared with the actual rotating speed n of the motor, the error signal is input into a rotating speed regulator 9 positioned in a control circuit 8 for calculation processing, and then the torque T generated by the switched reluctance motor 4 is regulated through a power circuit 7dTorque T of a shaft end load connected to the switched reluctance motor 4lAnd (4) balancing. In steady state operation, the switched reluctance motor 4 torque TdWith load torque TlThe sizes are the same and the directions are opposite, the actual rotating speed n of the switched reluctance motor 4 is equal to the given rotating speed n1。
FIG. 5(a) shows the actual motor speed n and the motor torque T in the prior artdAnd shaft end load torque TlThe relationship between them. At 0 to t1Interval, direction of actual rotation speed n of motor and shaft end load torque TlIn the opposite direction to the motor torque TdThe motor is electrically operated, and the actual rotating speed n of the motor is equal to the given rotating speed n1. At t1～t2Interval, shaft end load torque T of motorlDirection change into practice with electric motorsThe direction of the rotating speed n is the same, so that the actual rotating speed n of the motor is higher than the given rotating speed n1Has rising trend, and the motor outputs torque T under the action of a closed-loop rotating speed control modedThe direction is changed to be opposite to the direction of the actual rotating speed n of the motor and is used for bearing the torque T at the shaft endlThe phase balance is realized, the motor enters a braking operation state, and the actual rotating speed n of the motor is still equal to the given rotating speed n1。
FIG. 5(b) shows the actual rotational speed n and the motor torque T of the switched reluctance motor 4 according to the present inventiondAnd shaft end load torque TlThe relationship between them. 0 to t1The case of the interval is the same as the above-mentioned prior art. At t1～t2Interval, shaft end load torque T of switched reluctance motor 4lThe direction is changed to be the same as the direction of the actual rotating speed n of the switched reluctance motor 4, the energization of the motor winding 3 is stopped under the action of a specific operation control mode, and the output torque T of the motor is enableddAnd the brake state is not entered. At the moment, the shaft end is loaded with TlThe rotating speed n of the motor 4 is driven to rise, and the actual rotating speed n of the motor is higher than the given rotating speed n1。
In order to limit the unlimited increase of the actual rotational speed of the electric machine, a maximum limit rotational speed n is established2When the actual speed n of the motor rises to reach the speed n2When, as in t of FIG. 5(b)3At the moment, the motor winding 3 is restored to be electrified, the motor 4 enters a braking running state, and n is equal to n2No longer rises. Maximum limit speed value n2In two ways, one is a defined rotation speed value of a set proportion above a given rotation speed, even if n is2/n1Is a predetermined value. Second, is higher than given rotation speed n1A set fixed limit speed value n2。
The application case of the invention is a beam pumping unit, and the beam pumping unit applies load torque T to the shaft end of a motorlPeriodically changing in positive and negative within a stroke range. In the prior art, torque T is loaded at the shaft endlThe motor 4 enters a braking operating state when the actual motor speed n is the same. In the present invention, torque T is loaded at the shaft endlAt the same actual speed n of the motorThe machine 4 does not immediately enter a braking operation state and the shaft end is loaded with TlThe rotation speed n of the motor 4 is driven to rise, and only when the actual rotation speed n of the motor rises to reach the limited rotation speed value n2The brake operating state is entered. This has the advantage that power can be saved. Where n is1＝1000r/min，n21500r/min, for setting the limit rotation speed value.
The invention is not the best known technology.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A brake operation control method of a switched reluctance motor is characterized by comprising the following steps: setting a limited rotating speed value of the switched reluctance motor; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor has a rising trend compared with the given rotating speed, the control module stops energizing the winding of the switched reluctance motor, so that the switched reluctance motor does not enter a braking operation state; when the actual rotating speed of the switched reluctance motor reaches the limited rotating speed value, the control module restores the energization of the switched reluctance motor winding, and the switched reluctance motor enters a braking operation state.
2. The brake operation control method of the switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the control module is a hardware electronic circuit.
3. The brake operation control method of the switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the control module is hardware and software based on a CPU platform.
4. The brake operation control method of the switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the defined rotation speed value to the given rotation speed is consistent, and the ratio of the defined rotation speed value to the given rotation speed is larger than 1.
5. The brake operation control method of the switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the rotation speed value is defined as a fixed value greater than the given rotation speed.
CN201911201809.XA 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor Pending CN112886879A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911201809.XA CN112886879A (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911201809.XA CN112886879A (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Brake operation control method of switched reluctance motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112886879A true CN112886879A (en) 2021-06-01

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB732767A (en) * 1952-12-17 1955-06-29 Electro Mecanique De Laveyron Improvements in speed-limiting devices for rotating shafts subjected to variable driving torque
CN2479675Y (en) * 2000-11-09 2002-02-27 王钢 Extenal rotor low-speed large-torque short magnetic circuit switch reluctance speed-regulating electric machine
CN1960123A (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-05-09 王钢 Ultra slow speed, large torsional moment, short magnetic circuit, speed regulation electric motor of heterotype rotor
CN105429554A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-03-23 大连理工大学 Control method of switched reluctance driving system for pumping unit
CN206790386U (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-12-22 淄博京科电气有限公司 Immersible pump Special switch magneto-resistance motor governing system
CN108173473A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-15 淄博京科电气有限公司 A kind of Remote Control System of Industry Devices based on switched reluctance machines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB732767A (en) * 1952-12-17 1955-06-29 Electro Mecanique De Laveyron Improvements in speed-limiting devices for rotating shafts subjected to variable driving torque
CN2479675Y (en) * 2000-11-09 2002-02-27 王钢 Extenal rotor low-speed large-torque short magnetic circuit switch reluctance speed-regulating electric machine
CN1960123A (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-05-09 王钢 Ultra slow speed, large torsional moment, short magnetic circuit, speed regulation electric motor of heterotype rotor
CN105429554A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-03-23 大连理工大学 Control method of switched reluctance driving system for pumping unit
CN206790386U (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-12-22 淄博京科电气有限公司 Immersible pump Special switch magneto-resistance motor governing system
CN108173473A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-15 淄博京科电气有限公司 A kind of Remote Control System of Industry Devices based on switched reluctance machines

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Application publication date: 20210601