CN112886835A - ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input small volume - Google Patents
ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input small volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886835A CN112886835A CN202110380658.XA CN202110380658A CN112886835A CN 112886835 A CN112886835 A CN 112886835A CN 202110380658 A CN202110380658 A CN 202110380658A CN 112886835 A CN112886835 A CN 112886835A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input and small in size, which comprises an AC-DC conversion circuit, wherein the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of a first capacitor and a first switch, and the ACDC conversion device also comprises an alternating current detection control circuit, wherein the alternating current detection control circuit is used for detecting the alternating current voltage at the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit, turning off the first switch when the alternating current voltage is greater than a first set value, and turning on the first switch when the alternating current voltage is less than a second set value. The technical scheme of the invention improves the power density of the ACDC conversion device, limits the input range of the post-stage conversion circuit within a certain value, and reduces the voltage stress of a switching device in the post-stage conversion circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to power supply technology, and more particularly to ACDC conversion devices such as high voltage input adapters and chargers.
Background
The development of the rapid charging technology requires that power supplies such as adapters and chargers have higher power density. The switching device in the power supply follows the development of materials, the switching frequency of the power supply is continuously improved, the volume of magnetic elements such as a transformer and a filter is greatly reduced, but the volume of a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor cannot be reduced all the time.
As shown in fig. 1, if Vin =264V, the rectified dc voltage Vmid =373 VDC and C1 requires the use of 400V electrolytic capacitor, and if Vin =350V, the rectified dc voltage Vmid =495V and C1 requires the customization of at least 500V electrolysis or the series connection of two 400V electrolyzers, which increases the volume and cost of the whole power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the idea that the invention provides the ACDC conversion device which is suitable for high-voltage input and has small volume, and the ACDC conversion device realizes ultra-small volume by reducing the volume of the energy storage capacitor at the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit, reduces the range of the input voltage of the post-stage conversion circuit, reduces the voltage stress of the post-stage conversion circuit and increases the range of the input voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an ACDC conversion device comprises an AC-DC conversion circuit, wherein the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of a first capacitor and a first switch, and the ACDC conversion device also comprises an alternating current detection control circuit, wherein the alternating current detection control circuit detects the alternating current voltage at the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit, turns off the first switch when the alternating current voltage is greater than a first set value, and turns on the first switch when the alternating current voltage is less than a second set value.
The ACDC conversion device further comprises a rear-stage conversion circuit, and the input end of the rear-stage conversion circuit is connected with the first capacitor in parallel.
The ACDC conversion device further comprises a buffer release circuit, wherein the buffer release circuit is connected with the first switch in parallel and clamps the voltage at two ends of the first switch.
The buffer release circuit comprises a second capacitor and a second switch, wherein the second capacitor is connected with the first switch in parallel through the second switch, the second switch is conducted when the voltage at two ends of the first switch is higher than the voltage at two ends of the second capacitor, and the second capacitor clamps the voltage at two ends of the first switch.
The buffer release circuit further comprises a third switch, wherein the third switch is naturally turned on after the first switch is turned on, the second capacitor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel, and the energy of the second capacitor is released to the first capacitor.
The AC-DC conversion circuit is a full-bridge rectification circuit.
The alternating current detection control circuit detects the voltage at the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit.
The alternating current detection circuit comprises a comparator, and the comparator compares the voltage detection value of the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit with the first set value or the second set value.
The ACDC conversion device further comprises a fourth switch, the fourth switch is connected in parallel with the position between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the first switch, and when the current in the first switch is too high, the fourth switch is conducted.
The ACDC conversion device further includes a sixth resistor, the sixth resistor is connected in series with the first switch, and a base and an emitter of the fourth switch are connected in parallel with two ends of the sixth resistor.
The ACDC conversion device further comprises a seventh resistor, and the seventh resistor is connected in series with the base of the fourth switch.
The alternating current detection circuit also comprises a half-wave rectification circuit which rectifies the voltage of the input end and inputs the rectified voltage to the comparator.
The above further includes a first diode connected in series between the output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit and the first capacitor.
When the input voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit is higher than a set value, the AC-DC conversion circuit stops supplying electric energy to the first capacitor, the technical scheme reduces the requirement on the withstand voltage of the first capacitor, can reduce the volume of the capacitor, and enables the ACDC conversion device to be applicable to more market environments, such as the ACDC conversion device can be simultaneously applicable to the Chinese market vac =220V or the Indian market vac = 350V. In addition, more importantly, the voltage stress of a switch in the rear-stage conversion circuit is reduced, and the absorbed energy can be released to the rear-stage conversion circuit through the buffer release circuit, so that the energy loss is reduced.
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an AC-DC conversion circuit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an ACDC conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an ACDC conversion device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an ACDC conversion device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a part of signals in fig. 6.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment shown in fig. 7 with a surge suppression circuit added.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 with a leakage inductance absorption circuit added.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like (if any) in this description are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the subject matter described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Further, wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
The technical scheme of the invention reduces the volume of the middle direct current bus capacitor in the ACDC conversion device, and simultaneously ensures that the temperature of the energy storage capacitor is not high and the ripple current is smaller. The scheme simultaneously narrows the input range of the post-stage conversion circuit, the post-stage conversion circuit can be optimally designed aiming at the input in the narrow range, and the voltage stress of the device of the post-stage converter is reduced. And the device model selection and cost optimization are facilitated.
As shown IN fig. 2, an ACDC converter 20 of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter circuit 21, an input terminal IN of the AC-DC converter circuit 21 is connected IN parallel to an AC input voltage vin, an output terminal MID of the AC-DC converter circuit 21 is connected IN parallel to a series branch formed by a capacitor C1 and a switch S1, IN this embodiment, a switch S1 is connected IN series between an output negative terminal of the AC-DC converter circuit 21 and a negative terminal of a capacitor C1, an input terminal of an AC detection control circuit 22 is connected IN parallel to the input terminal IN of the AC-DC converter circuit 21, detects the voltage vin, turns off the switch S1 when the voltage vin is greater than a first set value, and turns on the switch S1 when the voltage vin is less than a second set value.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 2 in that the AC detection control circuit 32 detects the voltage Vmid of the output terminal MID of the AC-DC conversion circuit 31, the voltage Vmid is directly related to the voltage vin, so that the detected voltage Vmid is equivalent to the detected voltage vin.
As shown in fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 3 in that the switch S1 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the output of the AC-DC conversion circuit 41 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, and the operation principle is the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The invention realizes that the capacitor C1 is applied to the environment of input withstand voltage exceeding the rated value of the capacitor C1 by serially connecting the switch S1 between the AC-DC conversion circuit and the capacitor C1 and cutting off the communication between the AC-DC conversion circuit and the capacitor C1 near the peak of the input voltage vin, can use the common 400-450VDC electrolysis to rectify high input voltage, such as alternating current input reaching 420VAC in Indian market, and can also use the medium voltage electrolysis (such as 250 VDC) to supply power with wide input range (such as 90-264 VAC), because the volume of the medium voltage electrolysis with the same capacity is smaller than that of the high voltage electrolysis, the volume of a charger/adapter can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of fig. 2, the diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 in fig. 6 form a full bridge circuit to form the AC-DC conversion circuit 61, but the invention is not limited thereto, and any circuit having a rectification function can be implemented as an embodiment of the invention, such as a half bridge circuit, and in addition, in this embodiment, the diodes are used as switching devices, and other switching devices can also be used. The ac detection control circuit 62 detects the voltage at the input terminal IN, rectifies the voltage through the diodes D5 and D6, divides the voltage Vt through the resistors R1 and R2, and inputs the voltage Vt to the hysteresis comparator circuit, and more specifically, compares the voltage Vc with the voltage V + through the comparator U1, where the voltage Vc is greater than the voltage V + = V =
Turning off the switch S1, and when the voltage Vc is less than the voltage V + =
The switch S1 is turned on. The output terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to the control terminal of the switch S1 through the resistor R5, so as to turn off the switch S1 when the voltage vin is greater than a first set value, and turn on the switch S1 when the voltage vin is less than a second set value.
In this embodiment, the BUS at both ends of the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the post-stage conversion circuit 63, and the post-stage conversion circuit C1 adjusts the output of the capacitor C1 and provides the adjusted output to the load.
The alternating current detection control circuit 62 controls to open the switch S1, cuts off the charging loop of the AC-DC conversion circuit 61 for charging the capacitor C1, when the detected value Vc of the alternating current voltage vin is lower than the voltage Vref, the alternating current detection control circuit 62 controls to close the switch S1, and restores the charging loop of the AC-DC conversion circuit 11 for charging the capacitor C1; when the detected value Vc of the AC voltage vin is higher than the voltage Vref, the AC detection control circuit 62 turns off the switch S1 to cut off the charging loop of the AC-DC conversion circuit 11 for charging the capacitor C1, so as to ensure that the voltage on the C1 is limited to a certain value or less when the voltage on the C1 is input at a high voltage or a low voltage.
Referring to fig. 5, Vbus is the voltage across the capacitor C1, Vmid is the rectified voltage of the input voltage vin, which is the output voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit 61, Iin is the current at the input terminal, and IC1 is the charging current of the capacitor C1. The voltage Vref set in the ac detection control circuit 61 causes the switch S1 to be turned on at time t0 and turned off at time t1, and the current iin and the current Imid immediately become zero after the turn-off. The voltage of the capacitor C1 is controlled by setting the voltage Vref, generally, fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the voltage Vref is not changed, and if the voltage Vset (which is a voltage value corresponding to the voltage Vref at the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit 61) is set to be less than 200V, the capacitor C1 can use an electrolytic capacitor with a rated voltage of 200V or 250V, and the volume of the electrolytic capacitor is much smaller than that of the electrolytic capacitor with a rated voltage of 400V under the same capacitance value, so that the volume of the capacitor is greatly reduced, and the power density is improved. For a power supply with an input voltage range of 90V-264 Vac, by means of the scheme, the input voltage range of the rear-stage conversion circuit 63 is limited within a certain value, voltage stress of a switching device of the rear-stage conversion circuit 63 is reduced, and possibility is brought to optimization design of the rear-stage conversion circuit 63 and further improvement of power density.
At time point vin 2, vin is smaller than Vset, that is, the voltage detection value of the voltage vin at the input terminal is smaller than Vref, the output of the comparator U1 is high, the switch S1 is turned on again, and a new period starts at time point t 3.
IN the embodiment shown IN fig. 7, the AC detection control circuit 72 detects the voltage at the output terminal MID of the AC-DC converter circuit 71, thereby indirectly detecting the voltage at the input terminal IN. While a diode D7 is connected in series between terminal MID and terminal BUS to isolate the sampling point of the ac detection control circuit 72 from the capacitor C1. Comparing to fig. 6, the ac detection circuit 72 omits diodes D5 and D6.
As shown in fig. 8, different from fig. 7, the buffer release circuit 84 is added in this embodiment, and includes a diode D8, a diode D9 and a capacitor C2, the diode D8 and the diode D9 in the circuit of the present invention can be replaced by other switches that can be turned on and off naturally, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the diode D9 is a clamping diode, the capacitor C2 is a buffer capacitor, and the diode D8 is a discharge diode. When S1 is turned off, the current flowing through inductor L1 (which is a leakage inductance IN the circuit, not shown IN the figure, and the common mode inductance connected IN series with AC input terminal IN of AC-DC converter circuit 81 generally has a leakage inductance, and some parasitic inductances existing IN the circuit loop, and are also referred to as inductor L1, charges the parasitic capacitance of S1, when the voltage across S1 exceeds the voltage across C2, diode D9 is naturally turned on, the voltage across switch S2 is clamped to the voltage across C2, the energy of inductor L1 is transferred to C2, which causes the voltage across C2 to rise, but since the capacitance of C2 is relatively large, the voltage rise across C2 is small, and the voltage across S1 is clamped and is not too high. When the switch S1 is turned on again, the capacitor C2 transfers the absorbed energy to the capacitor C1 and the post-conversion circuit 83 via the diode D8.
Therefore, the buffer release circuit 84 can absorb the energy in the inductor L1, control the voltage stress of the switch S1, and finally return the absorbed energy to the capacitor C1, thereby avoiding energy loss.
Fig. 9 is different from fig. 8 in that a surge suppression circuit 95 is added in this embodiment, and includes a resistor R6, a resistor R7, and a switch S2, when the voltage drop formed by the input surge current at R6 reaches the be junction voltage drop of the switch S2, the switch S2 is turned on, so as to turn off the switch S1 quickly, protect the switch S1 from overcurrent and overheating damage, and achieve the effects of soft start and surge protection. Resistor R7 limits the current flowing into the be junction of switch S2, preventing switch S2 from being damaged.
The technical scheme of the invention has good application effect in medium and low power AC-DC power supplies, such as adapters, chargers, LED lighting, POE power supplies and television power supplies. Switch S1 is non-conductive when the input voltage is higher than the set voltage, and the voltage difference Vmid-Vbus is borne by switch S1, as in indian markets, it can be set that switch S1 is non-conductive when the input voltage >264VAC, so that capacitor C1 can use 400V electrolytic capacitor. The invention further designs a surge suppression circuit, and when the voltage drop generated by the input loop current Imid in the resistor R6 is greater than a set value, the switch S1 is turned off, so that the switch S1 is prevented from being damaged by overcurrent impact; the leakage inductance absorption circuit can prevent the switch S1 from being damaged by back pressure caused by leakage inductance of an input circuit when the switch S1 is turned off quickly.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. An ACDC conversion device comprises an AC-DC conversion circuit and an alternating current detection control circuit, wherein the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of a first capacitor and a first switch, the alternating current detection control circuit detects the voltage at the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit, turns off the first switch when the voltage at the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit is greater than a first set value, and turns on the first switch when the voltage at the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit is less than a second set value.
2. The ACDC conversion device of claim 1, further comprising a post-conversion circuit having an input connected in parallel with the first capacitor.
3. The ACDC conversion device of claim 2, further comprising a snubber circuit coupled in parallel with the first switch to clamp the voltage across the first switch.
4. The ACDC conversion device of claim 3, wherein the buffer release circuit comprises a second capacitor and a second switch, the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first switch through the second switch, the second switch is turned on when the voltage across the first switch is higher than the voltage across the second capacitor, and the second capacitor clamps the voltage across the first switch.
5. The ACDC conversion device of claim 4, wherein the buffer release circuit further comprises a third switch that is naturally turned on after the first switch is turned on, and connects the second capacitor in parallel with the first capacitor to release the energy of the second capacitor to the first capacitor.
6. The ACDC conversion device of claim 5, wherein the AC-DC conversion circuit is a full bridge rectifier circuit.
7. The ACDC conversion device of claim 1, wherein the AC detection control circuit detects a voltage at an output of the AC-DC conversion circuit.
8. The ACDC conversion device of claim 1, wherein the AC detection circuit includes a comparator for comparing a detected voltage value at an output of the AC-DC conversion circuit with the first set value or the second set value.
9. The ACDC conversion device of claim 1, further comprising a fourth switch connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the first switch, the fourth switch being turned on when the current in the first switch is too high.
10. The ACDC conversion device of claim 9, further comprising a sixth resistor connected in series with the first switch, the base and emitter of the fourth switch being connected in parallel across the sixth resistor.
11. The ACDC conversion device of claim 10, further comprising a seventh resistor connected in series with the base of the fourth switch.
12. The ACDC converting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the ac detecting circuit further comprises a half-wave rectifying circuit for rectifying the voltage at the input terminal and inputting the rectified voltage to the comparator.
13. The ACDC conversion device of claim 7, further comprising a first diode connected in series between the output of the AC-DC conversion circuit and the first capacitor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110380658.XA CN112886835A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input small volume |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110380658.XA CN112886835A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input small volume |
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| CN112886835A true CN112886835A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| CN202110380658.XA Pending CN112886835A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | ACDC conversion device suitable for high-voltage input small volume |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115498746A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-20 | 广东希荻微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit, power supply method and electronic equipment |
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| CN211266448U (en) * | 2020-01-04 | 2020-08-14 | 新考思莫施电子(上海)有限公司 | Current-limiting protection circuit |
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| CN115498746A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-20 | 广东希荻微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit, power supply method and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20210601 |