CN112886634B - Wind power plant medium-long term control modeling method and equivalent model - Google Patents
Wind power plant medium-long term control modeling method and equivalent model Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling method for medium-long term control of a wind farm and an equivalent model, and belongs to the technical field of wind farms. The invention discloses a long-term control modeling method in a wind farm, which comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of firstly, controlling the voltage of a wind power plant; secondly, controlling the output of the wind power plant according to reactive power values required to be sent out by the wind power plant, and adjusting the frequency of an active following system of the wind power plant; and thirdly, controlling the running of the grid-side converter of the wind power plant according to the new active power adjustment quantity, and further realizing long-term modeling in the wind power plant. According to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and the sagging coefficient Rf obtained through calculation, the method gives out additional active power increment, and the additional active power increment is overlapped with the maximum power output active power reference value of the initial fan to obtain new active power adjustment quantity; and further, the medium-long term modeling of the wind power plant is realized, the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, and the requirement of the regional regulation and control center on the medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modeling method for medium-long term control of a wind farm and an equivalent model, and belongs to the technical field of wind farms.
Background
Electromagnetic transient and electromechanical transient model researches of the wind power plant at the present stage are mature, and more practical models exist in PSASP, BPA and PSCAD, but the middle-long term model researches of the wind power plant are insufficient.
The medium-long term model of the wind power plant is the basis of the dispatching control center in each region to dispatch the wind power plant, and the operation requirement of the power grid on the wind power plant is improved under the condition that the installed ratio of new energy is increased in the future, so that the medium-long term model of the wind power plant is important to the operation dispatching of the wind power plant.
The existing wind power plant medium-long term model simulation scheme is not reasonable enough, has great unscientific and random, and lacks a scientific, reasonable and accurate technical scheme; the requirement of the regional regulation and control center on the medium-long-term scheduling of the wind power plant cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for obtaining a new active power adjustment quantity by adding an additional active power increment to an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value according to a power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and a calculated sagging coefficient Rf by considering active power, reactive value and sagging control characteristics of a wind power plant; and further, the modeling method and the equivalent model for the long-term control in the wind power plant can be realized, and the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, so that the requirement of regional regulation and control centers on the long-term scheduling in the wind power plant can be met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a long-term control modeling method in a wind farm comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, controlling the voltage of a wind power plant;
under the condition that a wind power plant bus voltage command is given by a dispatching center, the current bus voltage of the wind power plant, line impedance and current power output of the wind power plant are obtained through a measuring element, and a reactive value required to be sent out by the wind power plant for enabling the bus voltage of the wind power plant to reach the command value is obtained through calculation, so that tracking of the voltage command is realized;
secondly, controlling the output of the wind power plant according to reactive power values required to be sent out by the wind power plant, and adjusting the frequency of an active following system of the wind power plant;
because the wind power plant generally operates in a mode of maximum active power, the active output of the wind power plant is mainly controlled in a reducing direction;
firstly, detecting a power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and an active deviation signal through a power grid detection unit, and then calculating a sagging coefficient R f ；
According to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and the calculated droop coefficient R f Giving an additional active power increment, and overlapping the additional active power increment with an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity;
and thirdly, as the machine side response of the permanent magnet direct-driven wind turbine generator is negligible in a transient time scale due to the fact that the inertia time constant is large, only the control logic and the dynamic response of the grid-side converter can be considered in actual engineering modeling, and the conversion from a power instruction to a current instruction of wind power plant control can be realized by equivalent of the control logic of the back-to-back converter into a controlled current source.
Therefore, the operation of the wind power plant grid-side converter can be controlled according to the new active power adjustment quantity; and the conversion from the power instruction controlled by the wind power plant to the current instruction is completed, so that the long-term modeling in the wind power plant is realized.
The invention takes the active power, reactive value and sagging control characteristics of the wind power plant into full consideration through continuous exploration and experiments, and obtains the sagging coefficient R according to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and calculation f Giving an additional active power increment, and overlapping the additional active power increment with an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity; and further, the medium-long term modeling of the wind power plant is realized, the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, and the requirement of the regional regulation and control center on the medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant can be met.
As a preferred technical measure:
in the first step, the reactive value required to be sent out by the wind power station is calculated as follows:
wherein U is wind The bus voltage of the wind farm; u (U) s Is the system bus voltage; p is the active power output by the wind farm to the power grid; x is the reactance of the grid-connected line.
As a preferred technical measure:
in the second step, the sag factor R f The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein Δf band Is the maximum allowable variation of the system frequency, f N Is a nominal value of the system frequency; ΔP margin For the capacity of real-time available active power of a wind farm, P N Rated for the active power of the wind farm.
As a preferred technical measure:
in the second step, a new active power adjustment amount Δp g The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
ACE＝(P g -P gref )+10B(f g -f gref ) (3)
wherein K is p And K I Proportional integral gain of the PI controller; ACE is the regional control offset; t is time, unit seconds; p (P) g The actual exchange power of the wind farm and the power grid is achieved; p (P) gref Exchanging power for the plan; f (f) g And f gref The actual frequency and the planned frequency of the power grid respectively; b is a power grid frequency offset coefficient.
As a preferred technical measure:
the third step, the specific steps for controlling the operation of the wind power plant network side converter are as follows:
step one, building a power conversion sub-module;
the wind power plant network side converter is equivalently changed into a controlled current source according to control logic, and the active power and the reactive power output by the wind power plant network side converter under d-axis voltage control are controlled by a current dq component;
forming a power outer loop by setting a PI controller to track an active reference value Pgref and a reactive reference value Qgref;
the network side inverter operation control module for active and reactive decoupling control and current limiting mode selection outputs as Ipcmd and Iqcmd;
step two, constructing a current initialization sub-module;
the method comprises the steps that active power and reactive power are read from a system or are given according to a controller module, and the initial value VT0 of the bus terminal voltage and the voltage phase angle Angel are obtained;
calculating to obtain an initial current real part ITR0 and an initial current imaginary part ITI0;
converting the obtained initial value of the real part and the imaginary part of the current from xy coordinates to a dq coordinate system taking voltage as d axis;
step three, constructing a current and power calculation output sub-module;
adding the values of the output Icmd and Iqcmd with the calculated values of the ITR0 and the dq coordinate system of the ITI0 to obtain Id and Iq;
the real and imaginary parts of the output current after coordinate conversion from the dq coordinate system to the xy coordinate system.
As a preferred technical measure:
the wind power plant middle-long term equivalent model is applied to the wind power plant middle-long term control modeling method, and comprises a wind power plant AVC functional module, a wind power plant AGC and sagging control module and a wind power plant grid-side converter operation control module;
the wind power plant AVC functional module is used for realizing voltage control of the wind power plant, can automatically receive a voltage control instruction issued by the dispatching master station system, controls the voltage of the wind power plant to be in the index range of the dispatching requirement, and meets the control and assessment index requirement;
the wind power plant AGC and sagging control module is used for realizing the control of the wind power plant output and the adjustment of the wind power plant active following system frequency, can automatically receive an active control instruction or a scheduling plan curve issued by a scheduling master station system, optimally distributes and adjusts the active power of a fan according to the calculated adjustable margin, so that the active output of the whole wind power plant does not exceed a scheduling instruction value;
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module is used for converting a power instruction controlled by a wind power plant into a current instruction, and is an intermediate conversion link of interaction of the wind power plant AVC functional module, the wind power plant AGC and the sagging control module with a power grid.
The model of the invention: 1. the system has the AVC function, can accurately simulate the AVC function of a wind power plant, and realizes the control of grid-connected point voltage by adjusting reactive equipment in the wind power plant; 2. the AGC function is provided, AGC of a wind power plant can be accurately simulated, and the control of the wind power plant output is realized through the adjustment of the wind power plant internal fan output; 3. the wind power plant sag control system has a sag control function, sag characteristics of a wind power plant can be reflected, the output of the wind power plant is regulated through tracking the frequency of a power grid, and the frequency stability of a support system is improved.
The medium-long term equivalent model of the wind power plant constructed by the method is a dynamic model, can accurately simulate the medium-long term running state of the wind power plant, has scientific, reasonable and accurate scheme, and can meet the requirement of regional regulation and control centers on medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant.
As a preferred technical measure:
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module comprises a power conversion sub-module, a current initialization sub-module and a current and power calculation output sub-module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, through continuous exploration and experiments, the active power, reactive value and sagging control characteristics of the wind power plant are fully considered, additional active power increment is given according to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and the sagging coefficient Rf obtained through calculation, and the additional active power increment is overlapped with the maximum power output active power reference value of the initial fan to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity; and further, the medium-long term modeling of the wind power plant is realized, the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, and the requirement of the regional regulation and control center on the medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model block diagram of a long term equivalent model in a wind farm of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control logic block diagram of the wind farm AVC of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control logic block diagram of a wind farm AGC with droop control considered in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a single line diagram of an exemplary system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the model of AVC based on PSASP custom model in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of wind farm bus voltage under the action of an AVC module in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an AGC and droop control module model based on a PSASP custom model in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating an exemplary system frequency and wind farm active output under control of an AGC and droop module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a power conversion submodule model based on a PSASP custom model in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a current initialization submodule model based on a PSASP custom model in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a current and power calculation output submodule model based on a PSASP custom model in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Further, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. The present invention will be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the details described herein.
A long-term control modeling method in a wind farm comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, controlling the voltage of a wind power plant;
under the condition that a wind power plant bus voltage command is given by a dispatching center, the current bus voltage of the wind power plant, line impedance and current power output of the wind power plant are obtained through a measuring element, and a reactive value required to be sent out by the wind power plant for enabling the bus voltage of the wind power plant to reach the command value is obtained through calculation, so that tracking of the voltage command is realized;
secondly, controlling the output of the wind power plant according to reactive power values required to be sent out by the wind power plant, and adjusting the frequency of an active following system of the wind power plant;
because the wind power plant generally operates in a mode of maximum active power, the active output of the wind power plant is mainly controlled in a reducing direction;
firstly, detecting a power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and an active deviation signal through a power grid detection unit, and then calculating a sagging coefficient R f ；
According to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and the calculated droop coefficient R f Giving an additional active power increment, and overlapping the additional active power increment with an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity;
and thirdly, as the machine side response of the permanent magnet direct-driven wind turbine generator is negligible in a transient time scale due to the fact that the inertia time constant is large, only the control logic and the dynamic response of the grid-side converter can be considered in actual engineering modeling, and the conversion from a power instruction to a current instruction of wind power plant control can be realized by equivalent of the control logic of the back-to-back converter into a controlled current source.
Therefore, the operation of the wind power plant grid-side converter can be controlled according to the new active power adjustment quantity; and the conversion from the power instruction controlled by the wind power plant to the current instruction is completed, so that the long-term modeling in the wind power plant is realized.
The invention takes the active power, reactive value and sagging control characteristics of the wind power plant into full consideration through continuous exploration and experiments, and obtains the sagging coefficient R according to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and calculation f Giving an additional active power increment, and overlapping the additional active power increment with an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity; and further, the medium-long term modeling of the wind power plant is realized, the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, and the requirement of the regional regulation and control center on the medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant can be met.
One specific embodiment of reactive value calculation of the present invention:
in the first step, the reactive value required to be sent out by the wind power station is calculated as follows:
wherein U is wind The bus voltage of the wind farm; u (U) s Is the system bus voltage; p is the active power output by the wind farm to the power grid; x is the reactance of the grid-connected line.
One embodiment of droop coefficient calculation of the present invention:
in the second step, the sag factor R f The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein Δf band Is the maximum allowable variation of the system frequency, f N Is a nominal value of the system frequency; ΔP margin For the capacity of real-time available active power of a wind farm, P N Rated for the active power of the wind farm.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment for calculating the active power adjustment quantity:
in the second step, a new active power adjustment amount Δp g The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
ACE＝(P g -P gref )+10B(f g -f gref ) (3)
wherein K is p And K I Proportional integral gain of the PI controller; ACE is the regional control offset; t is time, unit seconds; p (P) g The actual exchange power of the wind farm and the power grid is achieved; p (P) gref Exchanging power for the plan; f (f) g And f gref The actual frequency and the planned frequency of the power grid respectively; b is a power grid frequency offset coefficient.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment for controlling the running of a wind power plant network side converter, which comprises the following steps:
the third step, the specific steps for controlling the operation of the wind power plant network side converter are as follows:
step one, building a power conversion sub-module;
the wind power plant network side converter is equivalently changed into a controlled current source according to control logic, and the active power and the reactive power output by the wind power plant network side converter under d-axis voltage control are controlled by a current dq component;
forming a power outer loop by setting a PI controller to track an active reference value Pgref and a reactive reference value Qgref;
the network side inverter operation control module for active and reactive decoupling control and current limiting mode selection outputs as Ipcmd and Iqcmd;
step two, constructing a current initialization sub-module;
the method comprises the steps that active power and reactive power are read from a system or are given according to a controller module, and the initial value VT0 of the bus terminal voltage and the voltage phase angle Angel are obtained;
calculating to obtain an initial current real part ITR0 and an initial current imaginary part ITI0;
converting the obtained initial value of the real part and the imaginary part of the current from xy coordinates to a dq coordinate system taking voltage as d axis;
step three, constructing a current and power calculation output sub-module;
adding the values of the output Icmd and Iqcmd with the calculated values of the ITR0 and the dq coordinate system of the ITI0 to obtain Id and Iq;
the real and imaginary parts of the output current after coordinate conversion from the dq coordinate system to the xy coordinate system.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a specific embodiment of the modeling method of the present invention is applied:
the wind power plant middle-long term equivalent model is applied to the wind power plant middle-long term control modeling method, and comprises a wind power plant AVC functional module, a wind power plant AGC and sagging control module and a wind power plant grid-side converter operation control module;
the wind power plant AVC functional module is used for realizing voltage control of the wind power plant, can automatically receive a voltage control instruction issued by the dispatching master station system, controls the voltage of the wind power plant to be in the index range of the dispatching requirement, and meets the control and assessment index requirement;
the wind power plant AGC and sagging control module is used for realizing the control of the wind power plant output and the adjustment of the wind power plant active following system frequency, can automatically receive an active control instruction or a scheduling plan curve issued by a scheduling master station system, optimally distributes and adjusts the active power of a fan according to the calculated adjustable margin, so that the active output of the whole wind power plant does not exceed a scheduling instruction value;
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module is used for converting a power instruction controlled by a wind power plant into a current instruction, and is an intermediate conversion link of interaction of the wind power plant AVC functional module, the wind power plant AGC and the sagging control module with a power grid.
The model of the invention: 1. the system has the AVC function, can accurately simulate the AVC function of a wind power plant, and realizes the control of grid-connected point voltage by adjusting reactive equipment in the wind power plant; 2. the AGC function is provided, AGC of a wind power plant can be accurately simulated, and the control of the wind power plant output is realized through the adjustment of the wind power plant internal fan output; 3. the wind power plant sag control system has a sag control function, sag characteristics of a wind power plant can be reflected, the output of the wind power plant is regulated through tracking the frequency of a power grid, and the frequency stability of a support system is improved.
The method is based on a PSASP platform, the built medium-long term equivalent model of the wind power plant is a dynamic model, the medium-long term running state of the wind power plant can be accurately simulated, the scheme is scientific, reasonable and accurate, and the requirement of a regional regulation and control center on the medium-long term scheduling of the wind power plant can be met.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment of a wind power plant network side converter structure, which comprises the following components:
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module comprises a power conversion sub-module, a current initialization sub-module and a current and power calculation output sub-module.
Application example of one embodiment of the present invention:
the four-machine two-region calculation example of adding the wind power plant is adopted, an alternating current line is added at the node 2 to be connected with the wind power plant, and other generator nodes are synchronous machines. The single line diagram of the example system is shown in fig. 4, and the simulation examples that follow will employ this example.
And step 1, building an AVC functional module of the wind power plant.
Under the condition that the voltage reference value is given by the dispatching center so that the bus voltage of the wind power plant is known, the active power of the current system is obtained through the measuring element, and the bus voltage of the system and the line impedance can be calculated to obtain the reference value capable of enabling the target reactive power of the wind power plant. And an AVC control module is added on the basis of the realization thought, and the q-axis output current of the grid-side inverter operation control module is obtained through a reactive power outer loop proportional-integral (PI) controller. An AVC model structure diagram based on a PSASP custom model is shown in fig. 5.
Simulations were performed in an example system, with the wind farm bus voltage curve under AVC module control shown in fig. 6.
And 2, constructing a wind power plant AGC and sagging control module.
Firstly, detecting a power grid frequency deviation signal and an active power deviation signal in real time by a power grid detection unit, and then calculating a sagging coefficient Rf; the self-defined droop characteristic unit gives out additional active power increment according to the delta f and the Rf obtained through calculation, and the additional active power increment is overlapped with the active power reference value of the maximum power output of the initial fan to obtain a new active power reference value; and obtaining d-axis output current of the grid-side inverter operation control module through a power outer loop proportional-integral (PI) controller. The model structure diagram of the AGC and droop control module based on PSASP custom model is shown in FIG. 7.
Simulation is carried out on an example system, and an example curve of system frequency and wind farm active output under the control of the AGC and sagging module is shown in FIG. 8:
and 3, building a wind power plant network side converter operation control module.
First, a power conversion sub-module is built.
The wind farm converter is equivalent to a controlled current source according to control logic, and active power and reactive power output by the grid side converter under d-axis voltage control can be directly controlled by a current dq component, so that a power outer loop can be formed by setting a PI controller to track an active reference value Pgref and a reactive reference value Qgref.
The network side inverter operation control module considering active and reactive decoupling control and current limiting mode selection outputs are Ipcmd and Iqcmd. Then, a current initialization sub-module is built. The initial value VT0 of the bus terminal voltage and the voltage phase angle Angel are read from the system or according to the active power and the reactive power given by the controller module.
The real part ITR0 and the imaginary part ITI0 of the initial current are obtained through calculation. And converting the obtained initial value of the real part and the imaginary part of the current from xy coordinates to a dq coordinate system with the voltage as d axis. And finally, constructing a current and power calculation output sub-module. The values of the output Itcmd and Iqcmd are added with the calculated values of the dq coordinate system of ITR0 and ITI0 to obtain Id and Iq, and the real part and the imaginary part of the output current are converted from the dq coordinate system to the xy coordinate system. The corresponding 3 sub-module block diagrams are shown in fig. 9-11.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. The method for modeling the medium-and-long-term control of the wind farm is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, controlling the voltage of a wind power plant;
under the condition that a wind power plant bus voltage command is given by a dispatching center, the current bus voltage of the wind power plant, line impedance and current power output of the wind power plant are obtained through a measuring element, and a reactive value required to be sent out by the wind power plant for enabling the bus voltage of the wind power plant to reach the command value is obtained through calculation, so that tracking of the voltage command is realized;
secondly, controlling the output of the wind power plant according to reactive power values required to be sent out by the wind power plant, and adjusting the frequency of an active following system of the wind power plant;
the method mainly comprises the steps of controlling the active output of a wind power plant in a reducing direction;
firstly, detecting a power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and an active deviation signal through a power grid detection unit, and then calculating a sagging coefficient R f ；
According to the power grid frequency deviation signal delta f and the calculated droop coefficient R f Giving an additional active power increment, and overlapping the additional active power increment with an initial fan maximum power output active power reference value to obtain a new active power adjustment quantity;
thirdly, controlling the running of the wind power plant grid-side converter according to the new active power adjustment quantity; completing conversion from a power instruction controlled by a wind power plant to a current instruction, and further realizing modeling of long-term control in the wind power plant;
in the first step, the reactive value Q to be sent out by the wind power station is calculated as follows:
wherein U is wind The bus voltage of the wind farm; u (U) s Is the system bus voltage; p is the active power output by the wind farm to the power grid; x is the reactance of the grid-connected line;
in the second step, the sagging coefficient R f The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein Δf band Is the maximum allowable variation of the system frequency, f N Is a nominal value of the system frequency; ΔP margin For the capacity of real-time available active power of a wind farm, P N Rated value of active power of wind farm;
in the second step, a new active power adjustment amount Δp g The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
ACE＝(P g -P gref )+10B(f g -f gref ) (3)
wherein K is p And K I Proportional integral gain of the PI controller; ACE is the regional control offset; t is time, unit seconds; p (P) g The actual exchange power of the wind farm and the power grid is achieved; p (P) gref Exchanging power for the plan; f (f) g And f gref The actual frequency and the planned frequency of the power grid respectively; b is a power grid frequency offset coefficient;
the third step, the specific steps for controlling the operation of the wind power plant network side converter are as follows:
step one, building a power conversion sub-module;
the wind power plant network side converter is equivalently changed into a controlled current source according to control logic, and the active power and the reactive power output by the wind power plant network side converter under d-axis voltage control are controlled by a current dq component;
forming a power outer loop by setting a PI controller to track an active reference value Pgref and a reactive reference value Qgref;
the network side inverter operation control module for active and reactive decoupling control and current limiting mode selection outputs as Ipcmd and Iqcmd;
step two, constructing a current initialization sub-module;
the method comprises the steps that active power and reactive power are read from a system or are given according to a controller module, and the initial value VT0 of the bus terminal voltage and the voltage phase angle Angel are obtained;
calculating to obtain an initial current real part ITR0 and an initial current imaginary part ITI0;
converting the obtained initial value of the real part and the imaginary part of the current from xy coordinates to a dq coordinate system taking voltage as d axis;
step three, constructing a current and power calculation output sub-module;
adding the values of the output Icmd and Iqcmd with the calculated values of the ITR0 and the dq coordinate system of the ITI0 to obtain Id and Iq;
the real and imaginary parts of the output current after coordinate conversion from the dq coordinate system to the xy coordinate system.
2. A mid-long term equivalent model of a wind farm, which is characterized in that the mid-long term control modeling method of the wind farm according to claim 1 is applied and comprises a wind farm AVC functional module, a wind farm AGC and sagging control module and a wind farm network side converter operation control module;
the wind power plant AVC functional module is used for realizing voltage control of the wind power plant;
the wind power plant AGC and sagging control module is used for realizing the control of the wind power plant output and the adjustment of the wind power plant active following system frequency;
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module is used for converting a power instruction controlled by a wind power plant into a current instruction, and is an intermediate conversion link of interaction of the wind power plant AVC functional module, the wind power plant AGC and the sagging control module with a power grid.
3. A mid-long term equivalent model of a wind farm according to claim 2,
the wind power plant network side converter operation control module comprises a power conversion sub-module, a current initialization sub-module and a current and power calculation output sub-module.
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