CN112886375B - Short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m - Google Patents
Short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886375B CN112886375B CN202110090305.6A CN202110090305A CN112886375B CN 112886375 B CN112886375 B CN 112886375B CN 202110090305 A CN202110090305 A CN 202110090305A CN 112886375 B CN112886375 B CN 112886375B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094065—Single-mode pumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094069—Multi-mode pumping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 μm, which comprises: the method comprises the steps that a pumping source emits pumping light in an Er-doped active fiber absorption band, the Er-doped active fiber absorbs the pumping light, and when laser gain exceeds the loss of an Er-doped fiber laser resonant cavity formed by a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating and a second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating which are highly reflective to a certain wavelength in an L-band, L-band laser near 1570nm is formed and oscillates in the resonant cavity; the Tm-doped active fiber absorbs 1570nm laser to generate laser gain, and short-wavelength laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m is formed to oscillate in a resonant cavity of the Tm-doped fiber laser under the action of a resonant cavity of the Tm-doped fiber laser consisting of the high-reflection fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser and the output fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser, and the output fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser outputs the laser gain; the Tm-doped active fiber is arranged in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fiber lasers, in particular to a short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m.
Background
The Tm (thulium) doped fiber has a broad emission spectrum covering 1.6-2.1 μm, so that a fiber laser using the Tm doped fiber as a gain medium has an extremely broad wavelength tuning potential. However, the output wavelength of the existing Tm-doped fiber laser is mainly concentrated near the emission peak of the Tm-doped fiber, and can be expanded to 1.7-1.8 μm and 2.0 μm through a certain wavelength selection measure, and reports of short wavelength of 1.6-1.7 μm are rare, on one hand, the reason is that the stimulated emission cross section of Tm ions at short wavelength is obviously reduced compared with the emission peak of 1.9 μm, which is similar to the situation faced at long wavelength of 2.0 μm; on the other hand, the short-wave wavelength band of 1.6-1.7 μm is close to the absorption peak of Tm ion of 1.5-1.6 μm, the stimulated absorption cross section is large, and obvious reabsorption loss (reabsorption loss) is generated, so that effective net gain is difficult to obtain.
The transition process of Tm ions absorbing pump light in a 1.5 mu m wave band and emitting laser light of 1.6-2.1 mu m belongs to a typical two-energy-level system, namely, almost all Tm ions are considered to be at the lower energy level of the laser light 3 H 6 And laser upper energy level 3 F 4 The above. Thus, a necessary condition for forming laser gain and generating laser output is to provide sufficient pump intensity so that there is enough laser lower energy level 3 H 6 Upper ion transition to laser upper energy level 3 F 4 The gain generated by the stimulated emission process exceeds the loss generated by the stimulated absorption process. When laser is at lower energy level 3 H 6 When the upper particle number n1 is obviously consumed, the inverse particle number n2-n1 can be ensured, and under the condition that the stimulated absorption cross section is not changed, the absorption coefficient of 1.6-1.7 mu m signal light determined by the product of the stimulated absorption cross section sigma 12 and the lower energy level particle number n1 is also obviously reduced, so that the pumping intensity is crucial to the Tm-doped fiber laser in the short-wavelength and long-wavelength bands of 1.6-1.7 mu m. At present, a Tm-doped fiber laser with the wavelength of 1.6 to 1.7 mu m usually depends on high pumping power, and combines the optimization of fiber length (namely absorption) and coupling output to realize the oscillation and output of laser with the wavelength of 1.6 to 1.7 mu m. However, as mentioned above, due to the re-absorption loss of the Tm-doped fiber in the short wavelength band, it is generally not suitable to use the Tm-doped fiber with longer length and higher doping concentration, and the lower laser energy level for realizing population inversion in the two-level system 3 H 6 A large part of the particles on the surface of the substrate is pumped to the upper energy level of the laser 3 F 4 In this way, the re-absorption loss of the signal light is reduced, and the absorption of the pump light is further reduced. Therefore, the short wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser generally has the problems of poor absorption and utilization of pump light, high threshold and low efficiency [1,2] 。
It can be seen from the above that the main contradiction of limiting Tm-doped fiber to achieve efficient 1.6-1.7 μm-band short-wavelength laser output is the contradiction between the significant reabsorption loss of Tm-doped fiber to short-wavelength signal light and pump absorption. If the pump intensity can be increased and the absorption utilization of the Tm-doped active fiber to the pump light can be improved under the premise of not increasing the reabsorption loss, the contradiction can be overcome, and the high-efficiency 1.6 mu m wave band short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser can be realized.
Reference documents
[1]Lu Zhang,Junxiang Zhang,Quan Sheng,Shuai Sun,Chaodu Shi,Shijie Fu,Xiaolei Bai, Qiang Fang,Wei Shi,and Jianquan Yao,"Efficient multi-watt 1720nm ring-cavity Tm-doped fiber laser,"Opt.Express,28(25),37910-37918(2020)
[2]Junxiang Zhang,Quan Sheng,Shuai Sun,Chaodu Shi,Shijie Fu,Wei Shi,and Jianquan Yao, "1.7-μmthulium fiber laser with all-fiber ring cavity,"Optics Communications,457,124627 (2020)
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m, wherein an initial pumping source is utilized to pump an L-band (1565-1580 nm) long-wavelength Er-doped fiber laser; long output wavelength and Tm doped fiber for erbium doped fiber laser 3 H 6 → 3 F 4 The transition stimulated absorption peaks are matched and used as pump light of the 1.6-1.7 mu m waveband Tm-doped fiber laser; the active fiber of the Tm-doped fiber laser is arranged in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, so that the L-band pumping light of the incident Tm-doped active fiber is the laser oscillated in the cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, the intensity is very high, and the L-band pumping light is a fiber core pumping mode for the Tm-doped fiber laser, and has higher pumping absorption coefficient compared with a cladding pumping mode, thereby ensuring the pumping intensity required by the short-wavelength operation of the Tm-doped fiber laser in a 1.6-1.7 mu m wave band, realizing the high-efficiency operation of the short-wavelength Tm fiber laser, and being described in detail in the following:
a short wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser in the 1.6-1.7 μm band, the laser comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a pumping source emits pumping light in an Er-doped active fiber absorption band, the Er-doped active fiber absorbs the pumping light, and when laser gain exceeds the loss of an Er-doped fiber laser resonant cavity formed by a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating and a second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating which are highly reflective to a certain wavelength in an L-band, L-band laser near 1570nm is formed and oscillates in the resonant cavity;
the Tm-doped active fiber absorbs 1570nm laser to generate laser gain, and short-wavelength laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m is formed to oscillate in a resonant cavity of the Tm-doped fiber laser under the action of a resonant cavity of the Tm-doped fiber laser consisting of the high-reflection fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser and the output fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser, and the output fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser outputs the laser gain;
the Tm-doped active fiber is arranged in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, so that 1570nm laser which generates 1.6-1.7 mu m laser gain in the stimulated absorption process is the laser oscillating in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, sufficient pumping strength is provided, the reabsorption loss of the short-wavelength laser with the wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m is overcome, and the conversion efficiency of the laser is improved.
The Er-doped active fiber is a single-mode fiber, and the Tm-doped active fiber is a single-mode fiber.
Further, the pump source is a semiconductor laser, or a fiber laser or a solid laser, and the laser mode is a fundamental transverse mode or a multiple transverse mode.
Wherein the laser further comprises: pump coupling device
The pump coupling device is a wavelength division multiplexer or a signal pump combiner, and adopts a direct fusion coupling mode or selects a corresponding coupling mode and device according to the form and the transverse mode of a pump source.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the Tm-doped active fiber is placed in a resonant cavity of an L-band Er-doped fiber laser, so that the pumping intensity of the incident Tm-doped active fiber is greatly improved, and the high pumping intensity required by the short-wavelength operation of the Tm-doped fiber laser in a 1.6-1.7 mu m wave band is met by utilizing the oscillating high laser power; compared with the traditional technical scheme that a pumping source is used for directly carrying out single-pass or double-pass pumping on the Tm-doped active optical fiber, the required pumping strength can be achieved only by lower pumping source power;
2) according to the technical scheme, the pumping source can adopt a single-mode or multi-mode pumping source, the form is more flexible, and after the high-power multi-mode pumping source is converted into the L-band single-mode laser of the Er-doped fiber laser, the pumping brightness is greatly increased, and the pumping intensity is increased;
3) because the Tm-doped active fiber is arranged in the resonant cavity of the L-band Er-doped active fiber, the pumping strength is high, high pumping absorption and high gain can be realized only by short fiber length, the reabsorption loss is favorably reduced, and the conversion efficiency of the laser is improved;
4) because the Tm-doped active optical fiber is subjected to fiber core inner cavity pumping, the pumping absorption is strong, the shorter Tm-doped active optical fiber can be adopted, the reduction of the length of a resonant cavity is facilitated, the longitudinal mode interval is increased, and the compression of the spectral line width of laser output is facilitated, so that the single longitudinal mode operation is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a short wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser in the 1.6-1.7 μm band.
In the drawings, the reference numbers indicate the following list of parts:
1: a pump source; 2: a pump coupling device;
3: a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating; 4: an Er-doped active fiber;
5: the Tm-doped fiber laser high-reflectivity fiber grating; 6: a Tm-doped active optical fiber;
7: the Tm-doped fiber laser outputs fiber bragg grating; 8: and the second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m, which comprises: the device comprises a pumping source 1, a pumping coupling device 2, a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 3, an Er-doped active fiber 4, a Tm-doped fiber laser highly-reflective fiber grating 5, a Tm-doped active fiber 6, a Tm-doped fiber laser output fiber grating 7 and a second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 8;
wherein, the pumping source 1 is a multimode semiconductor laser with the wavelength of 980nm and the optical fiber core diameter of 100 μm, which is coupled and output by the optical fiber; the pump coupling device 2 is a signal pump beam combiner, the core diameter of a pump tail fiber of the signal pump beam combiner is 100 mu m, the core diameter is matched with the optical fiber specification of the pump source 1, and the signal fiber is a single-mode double-clad optical fiber; the first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 3 has high reflectivity to 1570nm wavelength of the absorption peak of the corresponding Tm ion in the Er ion L-band, and the reflectivity is more than 99%; the Er-doped active fiber 4 is a single-mode double-cladding fiber doped with Er, the diameters of a fiber core and a cladding are 6/125 mu m and the length of the fiber core and the cladding is 20m respectively, 980nm pump light emitted by the multi-transverse-mode LD pump source 1 is absorbed, and laser gain near 1.5 mu m is provided; the Tm-doped fiber laser high-reflectivity fiber grating 5 has high reflectivity to 1700nm wavelength, and the reflectivity is more than 99%; the Tm-doped active fiber 6 is a single-mode fiber, has a length of 5cm, absorbs 1570nm laser and provides laser gain of a wave band of 1.6-2.0 mu m; the Tm-doped fiber laser outputs a fiber grating 7 which is partially transparent to 1700nm wavelength, and the reflectivity R is 70%; the second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 8 is highly reflective to the intermediate pump light wavelength 1570 nm.
980nm pumping light emitted by a pumping source 1 enters a cladding of an Er-doped active fiber 4 through a pumping coupling device 2, is absorbed by Er ions to generate laser gain of a 1.5 mu m wave band, and forms 1570nm laser oscillation under the action of an Er-doped fiber laser resonant cavity formed by a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 3 and a second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating 8; the Tm-doped active fiber 6 absorbs 1570nm laser passing through the Tm-doped active fiber to generate laser gain of 1.6-2.0 μm wave band, 1700nm laser oscillation is formed under the action of a 1.7 μm laser resonant cavity formed by the Tm-doped fiber laser high-reflection fiber grating 5 and the Tm-doped fiber laser output fiber grating 7, and output is carried out through the Tm-doped fiber laser output fiber grating 7.
Because the Tm-doped active fiber 6 is located in the resonant cavity of the pump light, namely 1570nm laser, the pump light power density passing through the Tm-doped active fiber 6 is very high, so that sufficient pump intensity can be provided for a Tm ion two-level system, sufficient inversion particle number can be realized, reabsorption loss of a reabsorption 1.6-1.7 μm wave band can be overcome, and efficient short-wavelength laser output can be realized.
Example 2
In the above embodiment 1, the pump gain fiber 4 may be an Er-doped fiber or an Er/Yb co-doped fiber, as long as it can provide a gain at an absorption band of 1.51-6 μm corresponding to the Tm-doped fiber 6, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The pumping source 1 may be a multimode semiconductor laser, a single transverse mode semiconductor laser, or another type of laser, and the pumping wavelength may be 980nm or 915nm, as long as it corresponds to the absorption band of the Er-doped active fiber 4 (or Er/Yb co-doped fiber), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
Correspondingly, if the pump source 1 is a single transverse mode pump source, the corresponding pump coupling device 2 is a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or other type of single mode coupling device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A short wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser in the 1.6-1.7 μm band, the laser comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a pumping source emits pumping light in an Er-doped active fiber absorption band, the Er-doped active fiber absorbs the pumping light, and when laser gain exceeds the loss of an Er-doped fiber laser resonant cavity formed by a first Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating and a second Er-doped fiber laser fiber grating which are highly reflective to a certain wavelength in an L-band, L-band laser near 1570nm is formed and oscillates in the resonant cavity;
the Tm-doped active fiber absorbs 1570nm laser to generate laser gain, short-wavelength laser with a wave band of 1.6-1.7 mu m is formed to oscillate in a resonant cavity of a Tm-doped fiber laser formed by a high-reflectivity fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser and an output fiber grating of the Tm-doped fiber laser, and the short-wavelength laser outputs the fiber grating through the Tm-doped fiber laser;
the Tm-doped active fiber is placed in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, so that 1570nm laser which generates 1.6-1.7 mu m laser gain in the stimulated absorption process is the laser oscillating in the resonant cavity of the Er-doped fiber laser, sufficient pumping intensity is provided, the reabsorption loss of the short-wavelength laser in the 1.6-1.7 mu m wave band is overcome, and the conversion efficiency of the laser is improved.
2. The short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser in the wavelength range of 1.6-1.7 μm according to claim 1, wherein the Er-doped active fiber is a single mode fiber and the Tm-doped active fiber is a single mode fiber.
3. The short-wavelength Tm-doped fiber laser in the waveband of 1.6 to 1.7 μm according to claim 1, wherein the pump source is a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser or a solid laser, and the laser mode is a fundamental transverse mode or a multi-transverse mode.
4. The 1.6-1.7 μm band short wavelength Tm doped fiber laser of claim 1, further comprising: pump coupling device
The pump coupling device is a wavelength division multiplexer or a signal pump combiner, and adopts a direct fusion coupling mode or selects a corresponding coupling mode and device according to the form and the transverse mode of a pump source.
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| CN106299985A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of 1.7 mu m all-fiber thulium-doped silica fib laser instrument based on bidirectional pumping structure |
| CN106374330A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏师范大学 | In-cavity pump thulium-doped solid state laser |
| CN109830880B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | 1.7 mu m optical fiber laser amplifier |
| CN110635346A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-12-31 | 天津大学 | Ring cavity 1.7um thulium-doped all-fiber laser |
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